New method for evaluation of impurities in compost
New method for evaluation of impurities in compost
New method for evaluation of impurities in compost
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<strong>New</strong> <strong>method</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>evaluation</strong><br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>impurities</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>compost</strong><br />
CODIS 2008<br />
<strong>in</strong> Solothurn<br />
29.02.2008<br />
Dipl.-Ing. Agr. Maria Thelen-Jüngl<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Bundesgütegeme<strong>in</strong>schaft Kompost e.V.<br />
D-51149 Köln<br />
Bundesgütegeme<strong>in</strong>schaft<br />
Kompost e.V.
Impurities <strong>in</strong> <strong>compost</strong> are:<br />
undesirable <strong>in</strong>gredients like<br />
glass,<br />
plastics,<br />
rubber,<br />
metal etc.<br />
Bundesgütegeme<strong>in</strong>schaft<br />
Kompost e.V.
Quality characteristics <strong>for</strong> <strong>compost</strong><br />
Po<strong>in</strong>ts <strong>of</strong> declaration<br />
• stability, maturity<br />
• gra<strong>in</strong> size<br />
• volume weight<br />
• pH-value, salt content<br />
• plant nutrients<br />
• alkal<strong>in</strong>e effective material<br />
• organic matter<br />
Precautionary requirements<br />
• hygienic harmlessness<br />
• germ<strong>in</strong>able seeds<br />
• pollutants<br />
• weight <strong>of</strong> <strong>impurities</strong> (% dry matter)<br />
additional:<br />
• visible <strong>impurities</strong> (surface area cm 2 /l FM)<br />
Bundesgütegeme<strong>in</strong>schaft<br />
Kompost e.V.
Methods<br />
Bundesgütegeme<strong>in</strong>schaft<br />
Kompost e.V.<br />
dry<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> the fresh <strong>compost</strong> (105°C),<br />
siev<strong>in</strong>g with 2 mm,<br />
sort<strong>in</strong>g out the <strong>impurities</strong><br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ation <strong>of</strong> the<br />
proportional weight
Impurities <strong>in</strong> <strong>compost</strong><br />
Bundesgütegeme<strong>in</strong>schaft<br />
Kompost e.V.<br />
Fraction weight-% DM Surface area [cm 2 /l]<br />
Impurities > 2 mm [total] <strong>in</strong> 1 litre 0,47 8,60<br />
light fraction [plastics] on the left 0,03 5,51<br />
heavy fraction [glas, metal] on the rigth 0,44 3,09
Impurities <strong>in</strong> <strong>compost</strong><br />
Bundesgütegeme<strong>in</strong>schaft<br />
Kompost e.V.<br />
Fraction weight-% DM surface area [cm 2 /l]<br />
Impurities > 2 mm [total] <strong>in</strong> 1 litre 0,17 68,91<br />
light fraction [plastics] on the left 0,13 67,53<br />
heavy fraction [glas, metal] on the right 0,04 1,38
Methods<br />
visual grad<strong>in</strong>g and<br />
division <strong>in</strong>to classes<br />
Bundesgütegeme<strong>in</strong>schaft<br />
Kompost e.V.
Classes<br />
Grad<strong>in</strong>g po<strong>in</strong>t<br />
Degree <strong>of</strong><br />
Impurity<br />
Scale<br />
Characteristic<br />
Grad<strong>in</strong>g<br />
1<br />
MINOR<br />
1 a<br />
Free <strong>of</strong> <strong>impurities</strong>,<br />
neither conspicuous nor <strong>in</strong>conspicuous<br />
<strong>for</strong>eign materials,<br />
no <strong>impurities</strong> identifiable,<br />
appearance not impaired<br />
not contanimated<br />
1 b<br />
Mostly free <strong>of</strong> <strong>impurities</strong>,<br />
a few <strong>in</strong>conspicuous <strong>for</strong>eign materials,<br />
optically not disturb<strong>in</strong>g,<br />
appearance slightly impaired.<br />
slightly contam<strong>in</strong>ated<br />
2<br />
NOTICEABLE<br />
2a<br />
Noticeable content <strong>of</strong> <strong>impurities</strong>,<br />
several <strong>in</strong>cospicuous, a few<br />
conspicuous <strong>for</strong>eign materials , optically<br />
disturb<strong>in</strong>g,<br />
appearance noticeably impaired<br />
noticeably contam<strong>in</strong>ated<br />
2b<br />
Many <strong>impurities</strong>,<br />
a lot <strong>of</strong> <strong>in</strong>conspicuous, many<br />
conspicuous <strong>for</strong>eign materials,<br />
decidedly disturb<strong>in</strong>g optically,<br />
appearance considerably impaired<br />
considerably contam<strong>in</strong>ated<br />
3a<br />
A lot <strong>of</strong> <strong>impurities</strong> noticeable,<br />
many <strong>in</strong>conspicuous, many<br />
conspicuous, optically disturb<strong>in</strong>g,<br />
appearance strongly impaired.<br />
strong contam<strong>in</strong>ation<br />
3<br />
STRONG<br />
3b<br />
A high content <strong>of</strong> <strong>impurities</strong>, a large<br />
number <strong>of</strong> <strong>in</strong>conspicuous and<br />
conspicuous, extremely disturb<strong>in</strong>g<br />
optically, appearance very strongly<br />
impaired<br />
very strong contam<strong>in</strong>ation<br />
Bundesgütegeme<strong>in</strong>schaft<br />
Kompost e.V.
Method: Surface area<br />
spread<strong>in</strong>g the <strong>impurities</strong> out<br />
on a white surface (15 cm x 20 cm)<br />
usually after gravimetric<br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ation with dry<strong>in</strong>g and<br />
sort<strong>in</strong>g out <strong>of</strong> <strong>impurities</strong><br />
digital photography and<br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ation <strong>of</strong> surface area<br />
Bundesgütegeme<strong>in</strong>schaft<br />
Kompost e.V.
Results: Visual grad<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<strong>impurities</strong> (% wt DM)<br />
3<br />
2,5<br />
2<br />
1,5<br />
1<br />
0,5<br />
0<br />
Bundesgütegeme<strong>in</strong>schaft<br />
Kompost e.V.<br />
grade 1 grade 2 grade 3
Results: Visual grad<strong>in</strong>g<br />
im p u rities (su rface area <strong>in</strong> cm 2/ l F M)<br />
90<br />
75<br />
60<br />
45<br />
30<br />
15<br />
0<br />
Bundesgütegeme<strong>in</strong>schaft<br />
Kompost e.V.<br />
grade 1 grade 2 grade 3
Results <strong>of</strong> the projects<br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ation <strong>of</strong> the<br />
surface area <strong>of</strong> the <strong>impurities</strong><br />
as suitable <strong>method</strong><br />
especially <strong>for</strong> the determ<strong>in</strong>ation <strong>of</strong><br />
light fractions like plastics<br />
Bundesgütegeme<strong>in</strong>schaft<br />
Kompost e.V.
Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>impurities</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>compost</strong><br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ation by<br />
proportional weight<br />
and <strong>in</strong> addition:<br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ation <strong>of</strong><br />
the surface area <strong>of</strong> <strong>impurities</strong><br />
Bundesgütegeme<strong>in</strong>schaft<br />
Kompost e.V.
Results <strong>of</strong> the project<br />
% o f s a m p le s<br />
100<br />
80<br />
60<br />
40<br />
20<br />
0<br />
71<br />
surface area <strong>of</strong> <strong>impurities</strong><br />
10<br />
6 4 3 2 4<br />
bis 10 15 20 25 30 35 > 35<br />
cm 2/ l FM<br />
Bundesgütegeme<strong>in</strong>schaft<br />
Kompost e.V.
Results: Compost 2007<br />
100<br />
% o f s a m p l e s<br />
80<br />
60<br />
40<br />
20<br />
0<br />
55<br />
27<br />
surface area <strong>of</strong> im purities<br />
8 4 2 4<br />
none 0-10 cm2/l 11-15 cm2/l 16-20 cm2/l 21-25 cm2/l >25 cm2/l<br />
Bundesgütegeme<strong>in</strong>schaft<br />
Kompost e.V.
<strong>New</strong> <strong>method</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>evaluation</strong><br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>impurities</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>compost</strong><br />
Thank you<br />
<strong>for</strong> your attention!<br />
Bundesgütegeme<strong>in</strong>schaft Kompost e.V.<br />
www.kompost.de<br />
Bundesgütegeme<strong>in</strong>schaft<br />
Kompost e.V.
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