Download - United Nations in Cambodia

More documents

Recommendations

Info

cultural behavioral changes become permanent. • The approach promotes a ‘dialogue of knowledge’ and creates trust among stakeholders. • The approach is based on the existing structure of the community as well as on local and multidisciplinary partnerships. Lessons Learned: • Changing cultural and social attitudes is the most effective strategy, as the fight against HIV is most successful when it is as the responsibility not of central or provincial institutions or agencies, but of the community itself. • Although the need for socio-cultural approaches in the response to the pandemic is widely acknowledged at the advocacy level, integrating it at the local level is still a challenge, as community-based organizations often lack the expertise to effectively appropriate the approach. • By involving community leaders and key-stakeholders, the project aims at building on the socio-cultural approach at the community level and at reducing stigma and discrimination. All stakeholders evaluate the current situation in the community, identifying the main sociocultural attitudes that favor HIV transmission and developing local, culturally sensitive ways of prevention. • In a country with such a high rate of infection (16.2 percent in 2005) and where access to information is the primary barrier for prevention, the expansion of the socio-cultural approach to care and support of the infected and affected forms also a key for curbing the pandemic. Special attention is given to the feminization of the pandemic, looking in particular to the role of specific cultural practices as widow inheritance and widow cleansing and generally sensitizing local leaders to the need to increase the bargaining power of women for the use of protective measures. Background Information: The socio-cultural approach combats prejudices of superiority and inferiority among the people and institutions involved and creates a common attitude toward the fight. More than this, the fight against HIV is no longer seen as the responsibility of central or provincial institutions or agencies, but as the responsibility of the community itself, which will search for partnerships only when strictly necessary. Implementation Partners: UNESCO; UNICEF; UNFPA; WHO; ONE UN National AIDS Council (NAC); Mozambican Network of AIDS Services Organizations (MONASE); ARPAC; Pedagogic University (UP); community-based organizations; practitioners of traditional medicine; traditional leaders and their collaborators; facilitators of the rites of initiation; religious leaders and educators; various local institutions involved, directly or indirectly, in preventing and combating HIV and AIDS Contacts: Zulmira Rodrigues UNESCO Maputo Office Tel: + 258 21 48 17 00 Email: z.rodrigues@unesco.org 106 MDG Good Practices
MDG-6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Other Diseases MDG target 6.A: Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS for all who need it Constraint: Insufficient Awareness of HIV Prevention within the General Public Lack of effective mechanisms to provide the general public with accurate information about the modes of HIV transmission and means of prevention in a culturally sensitive way Myanmar’s Exploring Culturally Sensitive and Effective Communication Programmes for HIV and AIDS Prevention, Care and Support Through a Traditional Art Form initiative aims to address the issue of HIV by organizing a form of ‘folk media’ that spreads messages about HIV prevention through the professional skills of media personalities. This form of folk media is considered culturally acceptable to the people of Myanmar. Components: • Conduct a needs assessment (questionnaires) on the level of HIV knowledge among the Anyeint troupes. • Based on the responses and results of the needs assessment, provide basic information about HIV (including modes of transmission, means of prevention, etc.) to the performers, scriptwriters, lyricists, and others through ‘training of trainer’ sessions. • In close coordination with members of the survey team, the trainers develop a set of jokes, songs and short plays with messages about HIV. • Rehearsals and pre-test performances were closely monitored as the performers, particularly the comedians, are used to impromptu responses. Hence, they had to be repeatedly advised to avoid conveying insensitive or incorrect messages. Results: • The project is considered a good practice because it rapidly reaches a large audience, including illiterate people, and it is comparatively inexpensive. The messages conveyed through these performances in the form of jokes and rhymes are generally memorable. Key Elements of Success: • Approval from Anyeint sayas or masters (equivalent to managers) was necessary before surveys on the needs of both the performers as well as their respective audience could be made. After receiving this approval, the HIV project staff and CARE project staff explained the importance of HIV awareness and how the general public could be educated on these issues. • The need to protect the Anyeint performers from contracting HIV was also addressed, as they are a highly mobile population who, during performance season, have opportunities to have casual sex with multiple partners and are thus at risk themselves. Lessons Learned: • Informational and educational campaigns are more successful if famous personalities are involved. • The use of Anyeint Pwe to convey basic messages about HIV prevention, care and support is integrated into entertainment along with songs, jokes and short plays in the comedians’ performances, thereby instructing the audience in the key messages. This particular type of folk media played an important role in mobilizing people and it was the most influential vehicle for advocating public awareness in Myanmar’s daily entertainment. • Because there are 135 ethnic groups in Myanmar, different approaches need to be crafted to convey messages about HIV prevention. The main lesson learned from this intervention is the importance of targeting the right audience and then finding out the most effective, nonthreatening, and user-friendly communication tools to use. MDG Good Practices 107
Page 1 and 2:
Photo: © UNICEF/NYHQ2005-0252/Giac
Page 3 and 4:
Foreword A decade has passed since
Page 5 and 6:
Inadequate Interventions to Prevent
Page 7 and 8:
MSTF- Multi-Sectoral Task Forces MT
Page 9 and 10:
Introduction and Analysis of MDG 4,
Page 11 and 12:
child mortality, improving maternal
Page 13 and 14:
ecruit and train public health work
Page 15 and 16:
public hospitals to deliver high-qu
Page 17 and 18:
prevent maternal mortality more eff
Page 19 and 20:
Photo: Gideon Mendel Trucks line up
Page 21 and 22:
Mongolia’s Sexually Transmitted I
Page 23 and 24:
MDG-4: Reduce Child Mortality MDG t
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
MDG 4: Reduce Child Mortality MDG-5
Page 41 and 42:
MDG-4: Reduce Child Mortality MDG-5
Page 43 and 44:
MDG-5: Improve Maternal Health MDG
Page 45 and 46:
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
Page 53 and 54:
Page 55 and 56: MDG-5: Improve Maternal Health MDG
Page 65 and 66: MDG 5: Improve Maternal Health MDG
Page 67 and 68: MDG-6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and
Page 105: MDG-6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and
Page 125 and 126: Photo: UNICEF/NYHQ2007-1506/Anita K
show all

Download - United Nations in Cambodia

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?