Straight talk in the therapeutic session - AFT
Straight talk in the therapeutic session - AFT
Straight talk in the therapeutic session - AFT
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
<strong>Straight</strong> <strong>talk</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong>rapeutic <strong>session</strong><br />
Paolo Bertrando<br />
Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
Le bon Dieu est dans<br />
le détail.<br />
Gustave Flaubert<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
REALITY<br />
TRUTH<br />
(my) truth<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
The clients’ truth...<br />
Unreliable narrators<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
The <strong>the</strong>rapist’s truth<br />
True<br />
Useful<br />
Positive connotation<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
METAPHOR<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
enter<strong>in</strong>g<br />
a new<br />
world...<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
uncerta<strong>in</strong>ty<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
Metaphors<br />
straight <strong>talk</strong><br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
“You’ve always tried to<br />
behave like a good<br />
girl...”<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
“Why do you th<strong>in</strong>k it’s<br />
impossible for you to<br />
be taken seriously?”<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
“Are you sure you miss her, or is<br />
it that you are afraid to be<br />
alone?.”<br />
“I don’t know, I really miss her.<br />
Well, I don’t miss our fights; I<br />
don’t miss that house, that I<br />
loa<strong>the</strong>d; I don’t miss all her<br />
requests for attention... ”<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
“Isn’t it that you miss a<br />
girlfriend ra<strong>the</strong>r than Laura as<br />
a person? It seems to me that<br />
<strong>the</strong> Laura you miss is not<br />
exactly her as I knew her...<br />
Maybe what you fear most is<br />
be<strong>in</strong>g alone, without anyone to<br />
take care of you...”<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
“One of <strong>the</strong> most important<br />
th<strong>in</strong>gs was that I got <strong>the</strong> feel<strong>in</strong>g<br />
that you said someth<strong>in</strong>g to me<br />
only when you really meant it.<br />
Maybe, for this, you didn’t <strong>talk</strong> so<br />
much, but I never got <strong>the</strong><br />
impression you were ly<strong>in</strong>g to<br />
me.”<br />
(a patient)<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
Tell<strong>in</strong>g<br />
my truth<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
(uncomfortable)<br />
(unpleasant)<br />
truth<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
In parrhesia, <strong>the</strong> speaker is supposed to<br />
give a complete and exact account of<br />
what he has <strong>in</strong> m<strong>in</strong>d so that <strong>the</strong> audience<br />
is able to comprehend exactly what <strong>the</strong><br />
speaker th<strong>in</strong>ks. The word “parrhesia”<br />
<strong>the</strong>n, refers to a type of relationship<br />
between <strong>the</strong> speaker and what he says.<br />
For <strong>in</strong> parrhesia, <strong>the</strong> speaker makes it<br />
manifestly clear and obvious that what<br />
he says is his own op<strong>in</strong>ion.<br />
Michel Foucault<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
parrhesia<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
So you see, <strong>the</strong> parrhesiastes is someone<br />
who takes a risk. Of course, this risk is not<br />
always a risk of life. When, for example, you<br />
see a friend do<strong>in</strong>g someth<strong>in</strong>g wrong and you<br />
risk <strong>in</strong>curr<strong>in</strong>g his anger by tell<strong>in</strong>g him he is<br />
wrong, you are act<strong>in</strong>g as a parrhesiastes. In<br />
such a case, you do not risk your life, but you<br />
may hurt him by your remarks, and your<br />
friendship may consequently suffer for it.<br />
Michel Foucault<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
act<strong>in</strong>g<br />
through<br />
language<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
Say<strong>in</strong>g someth<strong>in</strong>g will often, or even<br />
normally, produce certa<strong>in</strong><br />
consequential effects upon <strong>the</strong> feel<strong>in</strong>gs,<br />
thoughts, or actions of <strong>the</strong> audience, or<br />
of <strong>the</strong> speaker, or of o<strong>the</strong>r persons:<br />
and it may be done with <strong>the</strong> design,<br />
<strong>in</strong>tention, or purpose of produc<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<strong>the</strong>m.<br />
John L. Aust<strong>in</strong><br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
Performatives (speech acts)<br />
Illocutionary acts: <strong>the</strong> idea of an "illocutionary<br />
act" can be captured by emphasis<strong>in</strong>g that "by<br />
say<strong>in</strong>g someth<strong>in</strong>g, we do someth<strong>in</strong>g“<br />
Perlocutionary acts: A perlocutionary act is a<br />
speech act, as viewed at <strong>the</strong> level of its<br />
psychological consequences, such as persuad<strong>in</strong>g,<br />
conv<strong>in</strong>c<strong>in</strong>g, scar<strong>in</strong>g, enlighten<strong>in</strong>g, <strong>in</strong>spir<strong>in</strong>g, or<br />
o<strong>the</strong>rwise gett<strong>in</strong>g someone to do or realize<br />
someth<strong>in</strong>g. This is contrasted with locutionary and<br />
illocutionary acts (which are o<strong>the</strong>r levels of<br />
description, ra<strong>the</strong>r than different types of speech<br />
acts).<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
attack<strong>in</strong>g<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
provocation<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
If provoked by <strong>the</strong> <strong>the</strong>rapist (humorously,<br />
perceptively, and with<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> client’s own frame of<br />
reference), <strong>the</strong> client will tend to move <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
opposite direction from <strong>the</strong> <strong>the</strong>rapist’s def<strong>in</strong>ition of<br />
<strong>the</strong> client as a person.<br />
If urged provocatively (humorously and<br />
perceptively) by <strong>the</strong> <strong>the</strong>rapist to cont<strong>in</strong>ue his or<br />
her self-defeat<strong>in</strong>g behaviours, <strong>the</strong> client will tend<br />
to engage <strong>in</strong> self-and-o<strong>the</strong>r-enhanc<strong>in</strong>g behaviours<br />
that more closely approximate <strong>the</strong> societal norm.<br />
Farrelly & Lynch<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
… if <strong>the</strong> family provokes <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong>rapist and controls <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong>rapeutic system through <strong>the</strong><br />
identified patient, <strong>the</strong> <strong>the</strong>rapist, <strong>in</strong><br />
turn, can try to provoke <strong>the</strong> family<br />
and control <strong>the</strong> <strong>the</strong>rapeutic system<br />
us<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> same channel.<br />
Andolfi, Angelo, Menghi, &<br />
Nicolò-Corigliano<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
feel<strong>in</strong>g<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
emotion<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
Action:<br />
<strong>in</strong>side <strong>the</strong> <strong>session</strong><br />
outside <strong>the</strong> <strong>session</strong><br />
Reflection:<br />
<strong>in</strong>side <strong>the</strong> <strong>session</strong><br />
outside <strong>the</strong> <strong>session</strong><br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
Reflection-<strong>in</strong> action<br />
<strong>in</strong>side <strong>the</strong> <strong>session</strong><br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
evolution<br />
of culture<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
Why now?<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ism<br />
ambiguity<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
Through ambiguity,<br />
alternative views might be<br />
taken without sheer<br />
misread<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
William Empson,<br />
Seven Types of Ambiguity<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
ambivalence<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
In ambivalence, <strong>the</strong> same<br />
representation may be<br />
connoted, at <strong>the</strong> same<br />
time, both by pleasant<br />
and unpleasant feel<strong>in</strong>gs..<br />
Eugen Bleuler,<br />
The Group of Schizophrenias<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
ambivalence<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
Like <strong>in</strong> Simmel’s perception of <strong>the</strong><br />
modern condition, all versions of<br />
description float, so to speak,<br />
with <strong>the</strong> same specific gravity,<br />
are equal to each o<strong>the</strong>r, and<br />
conta<strong>in</strong> noth<strong>in</strong>g which may<br />
suggest an easy choice.<br />
Zygmunt Bauman,<br />
Modernity and Ambivalence<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
Now it is <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r way round, it<br />
is br<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong>g some reality pr<strong>in</strong>ciple,<br />
help<strong>in</strong>g reality pr<strong>in</strong>ciple to br<strong>in</strong>g<br />
some order <strong>in</strong>to <strong>the</strong> realm of<br />
freedom which o<strong>the</strong>rwise would<br />
be chaotic, would make you<br />
confused, lost, feel abandoned,<br />
not know<strong>in</strong>g what to do.<br />
Zygmunt Bauman, Interview<br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
ambivalence<br />
straight <strong>talk</strong><br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
Fractals,<br />
aga<strong>in</strong><br />
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Powerpo<strong>in</strong>t Templates<br />
... be<strong>in</strong>g able to tell<br />
myself my truth about<br />
myself...<br />
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