Three Sixteenth-Century Mohawk Iroquois Village Sites

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Figure 46. Detailed map of eastern portion of House 1, Garoga site. excavated. The ends were rounded without obvious door gaps. Bed lines were partially definable, as was a central row of hearths (2 examples unearthed). Most pits were arrayed along the walls, two along the midline. House 5. About 175 feet long (not 187 ft, as stated in the 1973 report), 20 feet wide. The enclosed area was 3,500 square feet, and 1,800 square feet (51 percent) were exposed. The ends were rounded. Only the western half of the structure was entirely exposed (Figures 43, 48). In the west end was an entranceway about 6 feet wide. Just outside the entrance was a line of molds perhaps signifying a baffle or screen, emplaced as protection from winter winds. In the interior, a curved line of molds 15 feet from the end probably denotes an earlier stage of construction. The added portion was free of hearths and pits; the only feature was a shallow depression containing vegetal food remains. The addition may have served as a storage shed for bark barrels full of corn. Hearths were located on the midline (7 examples unearthed) and offline (3 examples). The offline hearths could not have contained active fires during the life of the house and may either have preceded it or followed its collapse. Near the center of the house was a unique hearth complex. An amorphous depression about 8 feet across and filled with brown sand merged on its periphery with several pits. It was about 15 inches in maximum depth. At its base was an oval patch of burned sand and charcoal. Near this buried hearth was a probable cooking pit 3 feet in diameter and 15 inches deep below plow line, filled with burned cobbles. In, around, and partly under the cobbles was brown, charcoal-flecked sand. The cobbles rested in a thin lens of charcoal, which was in turn underlain by fire-reddened earth and brown sand. Bed lines were not readily demarcated within the house. Interior molds occurred in confusing numbers. Storage pits tended to be aligned between bed lines and walls, but at least two were located on the midline. House 6. Only a small portion of this house was unearthed. Pits, hearths, and post-mold lines 88 Three Sixteenth-Century Mohawk Iroquois Village Sites
Figure 47. Photograph of partially exposed House 2, Garoga site. Looking northwest. assumed linear patterns suggestive of the same basic arrangements as in the other houses. The house is estimated to have been about 100 feet long, even though the east end was not exposed. The estimate is probably reliable because the house would have impacted the south wall of House 5 if extended farther than shown on the map, Figure 43. The width was about 20 feet. The partially exposed west end was, provisionally, rounded. The total enclosed area was around 2,000 square feet. Some 880 square feet (44 percent) were dug. House 7. The revised estimate of length is about 125 feet. The breadth was 20 feet. The area was approximately 2,500 square feet, 1,000 square feet (40 percent) of which was excavated. The poorly defined ends may have been rounded. Internal patterning was the same as in the other houses. As in the case of Houses 2 and 3, the walls seem to have been curved. On Figure 43 a possible length up to about 225 feet is shown, in view of the ambiguities created by the reinterpretation of House 8, the provisional addition of House 11, and the large unexcavated area between the suspected east end of House 8 and the suggested south end of House 7. House 8. Very tentatively, estimated to have measured 175 feet long and 20 feet wide. Hearths, pits, and post molds were abundant but did not occur in narrowly defined lines, giving the impression of rather amorphous form, a problem exacerbated by the incomplete excavation. Many of the features and molds in this area of the site were probably extraneous to the house. Little can be said about internal patterning. The east end appears to have been rounded. Figure 48. Photograph of partially exposed Houses 4 and 5, Garoga site. Looking east. House 9. Approximately 212 feet long and 20 feet wide. Area 4,250 square feet, 1,400 square feet (33 percent) of which was exposed. Rounded at the west end, but no apparent door gap. Midline hearths were present (at least 6 mapped), as were pits along former bed lines (1 or 2 pits were located on the midline). Most of the wall lines in the excavated eastern portion were either missing or merely suggested by sporadic post molds. Many molds have probably vanished through the combined action of plowing and soil creep due to the location of the house on the sloping north side of the hilltop. This fact and the dense cluster of features located where the middle section of the house would be expected make it impossible to be sure which features were associated with the house and which ones lay outside it. Therefore the eastern portions of the house are only vaguely apparent, but the proposed location of the east end is reasonable despite the lack of obvious mold patterns because the house had to stop short of the west wall of House 7. House 10. Length unknown, width around 19 to 20 feet. Excavated area 400 square feet. Pits, hearths, and post molds abundant within the exposed portions. The ends were not uncovered, hence their shape is unknown. House 11. Length is estimated at 87.5 feet, width at about 20 feet. The area was about 1,750 square feet. Some 1,300 square feet (74 percent) were excavated. Pits and hearths seem to have been numerous, with hearths arranged along the midline. The limited evidence suggests the ends were rounded. No door gaps were evident. Chapter 4 The Garoga Site 89
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THREE SIXTEENTH-CENTURY MOHAWK IROQ
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THREE SIXTEENTH-CENTURY MOHAWK IROQ
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Bob Funk analyzing Iroquoian cerami
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CONTENTS List of Figures...........
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Map of th
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Klock site
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PREFACE This volume presents final
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constructive comments on the potter
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Figure 1. Map of the Middle Mohawk
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excavations at other sites over the
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Figure 2. Bedrock map of the middle
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The bedrock underlying the area of
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Figure 4. Photograph of excavations
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was that the houses were placed on
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Figure 8. Detailed map of western p
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Figure 10. Photograph of post molds
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western extension of House 1; tests
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Figure 12. Graphic showing drawn pr
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Table 2—Continued Number Section
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Figure 17. Photograph of a dog buri
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Figure 21. Graphic showing drawn pr
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Table 3—Continued Ground Stone Ce
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other examples of human or animal f
Page 54 and 55: 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 7 13 14 15
Page 56 and 57: Iroquoian visits to the site locale
Page 58 and 59: The 26 objects classified as hammer
Page 60 and 61: These complete examples ranged in l
Page 62 and 63: A minimum of 121 animals were repre
Page 64 and 65: Given the limited precision of radi
Page 66 and 67: foothills of the Adirondacks. The e
Page 68 and 69: Figure 27. Photograph of excavation
Page 70 and 71: Figure 29. Detailed map of eastern
Page 72 and 73: the walls of a house, it was about
Page 74 and 75: Table 12. Smith-Pagerie Site Post-M
Page 76 and 77: Table 13—Continued Number Section
Page 82 and 83: House 4. Features 55, 57, 92, 98-10
Page 84 and 85: Figure 38. Graphic showing drawn pr
Page 86 and 87: Table 14—Continued Bone and Antle
Page 88 and 89: pot inverted and partially embedded
Page 90 and 91: 10 8 6 4 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Number
Page 92 and 93: triangular in shape, nearly all of
Page 94 and 95: Ovate knives and bifaces in process
Page 96 and 97: ence is an indication of interactio
Page 99 and 100: CHAPTER 4 THE GAROGA SITE 1 Chapter
Page 101 and 102: The plow zone, laced by the roots o
Page 103: Figure 45. Detailed map of western
Page 107 and 108: Figure 50. Photograph of stockade L
Page 109 and 110: In this regard, the convention of r
Page 111 and 112: FEATURES OTHER THAN POST MOLDS Feat
Page 113 and 114: Figure 58. Graphic showing drawn pr
Page 135 and 136: Between House 9 and north bank: Fea
Page 137 and 138: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 14 12 15
Page 139 and 140: 4 5 6 7 8 3 9 1 2 10 11 13 15 16 17
Page 141 and 142: Table 34. Summary Statistics for St
Page 143 and 144: Beads, tubular, in process, bear me
Page 145: planned as a unit. If this is so, t
Page 148 and 149: However, we do feel compelled to co
Page 150 and 151: Figure 61. Graph of plotted radioca
Page 152 and 153: POINTED PLAIN (no castellation) ROU
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0-10 MM 11-20 MM 21-30 MM 31-40 MM
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FOUR TWO or THREE ONE NONE (undecor
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Bradley (1987:55) has noted that th
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upon how far apart they are. Centro
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sites clearly demonstrate that they
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to provide a ratio for the site: on
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Klock Site Range in lengths of Hous
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Figure 73. Revised map of Getman si
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was under the direction of Father T
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yet succeeded in demonstrating the
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and ceremony pervaded all aspects o
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sherds. The better pottery almost a
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Chilton, E.S. 1999. Embodiments of
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Kuhn, R.D., and R.E. Funk. 1994. Mo
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Snow, D.R., C.T. Gehring, and W.A.
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93-053PM
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Three Sixteenth-Century Mohawk Iroquois Village Sites

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