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The total volume of gas tolerated in humans is
hard to estimate
Small volumes can lead to symptoms, particularly
if paradoxical air embolism ensues, potentially
causing cardiovascular and/or neurological
problems
Volumes between 100-300 ml can be fatal
(approximately 1 mg.kg -1 )
This volume is relevant, since it has been shown
that 100 ml of air per second can be entrained
through a 14 gauge cannula with only 5 cm
pressure gradient