Shark Predation on Hawaiian Monk Seals - Pacific Islands Fisheries ...

A small number of specific site-attached Galapagos sharks are responsible for some of the
predation on pups at FFS (shortest route needed/power analysis for sample size). [2]
Catching and tagging Galapagos sharks do not significantly alter their behavior and movements
(but may be site-dependent). [2]
The Galapagos shark population in Hawaii is a demographically isolated population
(population structure). [3]
Tiger sharks are not a significant threat to preweaned pups at FFS. [3]
Consensus Statements Regarding Seals
When in water, pups are located in nearshore areas (day and night). [1]
Attendant mothers attempt to deter sharks while in the water (but this changes as pup matures).
[No rank given]
Understanding mother-pup bond determines what you can do to pups to protect them. [No rank
given]
Mothers with pups rarely habituate to human presence/activity. [1]
<strong>Shark</strong> mortality on preweaned pups is not a significant problem at sites other than FFS. [1]
Based on observations since 1982, the problem was not serious at FFS until the mid-to- late
1990s. [1]
Otherwise unexplained preweaned pup disappearances at FFS are largely due to shark
predation. [1-seal group; 2-shark group]
Adult male monk seals sometimes kill preweaned (near to weaning) pups; this behavior is
flagrant and is being monitored and managed). [No rank given]
Area deterrents have no harmful effect on monk seals (may depend on device type). [2]
Deterrents cause displacement of sharks to other islands/pup sites. [3]
Prioritized Research Queries
Characterize pool of predators. (A)
Determine deterrent effectiveness and feasibility. (A)
Determine optimal removal methods (with training of field staff)—harpoon, bang stick. (A)
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