Steps for Safety Around the Pool Brochure - Pool Safely
Steps for Safety Around the Pool Brochure - Pool Safely
Steps for Safety Around the Pool Brochure - Pool Safely
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Help Prevent Drownings!<br />
Here’s how:<br />
Practice Supervision<br />
• Never take your eyes off children in <strong>the</strong> water—<br />
not <strong>for</strong> a minute! Always designate a “pool watcher.”<br />
Install Barriers<br />
• CPSC strongly recommends that all residential pools<br />
have a 4-foot barrier, such as a fence with self-closing<br />
and self-latching gates. If <strong>the</strong> house is <strong>the</strong> fourth side<br />
of a barrier, secure doors with alarms that prevent<br />
children from wandering into <strong>the</strong> pool area.<br />
Avoid Entrapments<br />
• Suction from a pool or spa’s drain can be so powerful<br />
it can trap an adult underwater. Do not use a pool or<br />
spa if <strong>the</strong>re are broken or missing drain covers.<br />
• Ask your pool operator if your pool or spa’s drains<br />
are compliant with <strong>the</strong> <strong>Pool</strong> and Spa <strong>Safety</strong> Act.<br />
Know Life-Saving Skills<br />
• Teach your children how to swim<br />
• Know CPR so you can help save a life if a water<br />
emergency happens<br />
• Understand <strong>the</strong> basics of life-saving so you can assist<br />
in an emergency<br />
Each year, thousands of American families<br />
experience drownings and non-fatal<br />
submersions, and entrapments. <strong>Pool</strong> <strong>Safely</strong>!<br />
Are Your Kids Out of Sight?<br />
Your greatest water safety assurance comes from<br />
adopting and practicing as many safety steps as possible.<br />
Adding an extra safety step around <strong>the</strong> water<br />
can make all <strong>the</strong> difference. You can never know which<br />
safety measure will save a life – until it does.<br />
The CPSC estimates that each year nearly 300 children<br />
younger than five drown in swimming pools and spas and<br />
more than 3,200 children that age go to hospital emergency<br />
rooms due to submersion injuries in pools and spas.<br />
• Learn how to swim<br />
• Know basic water safety skills, such as CPR<br />
• Install fences and o<strong>the</strong>r barriers<br />
• Use pool alarms and covers<br />
Entrapment caused by powerful suction from a pool or<br />
spa’s drain can trap a child or adult. Do not use a pool or<br />
spa if <strong>the</strong>re are broken or missing drain covers.<br />
Report drain entrapments in pools and spas:<br />
Call CPSC’s Hotline at:<br />
(800) 638-2772<br />
Email: info@cpsc.gov<br />
For more in<strong>for</strong>mation and resources <strong>for</strong> pool and<br />
spa safety and <strong>the</strong> <strong>Pool</strong> and Spa <strong>Safety</strong> Act, visit:<br />
www.<strong>Pool</strong><strong>Safely</strong>.gov<br />
Follow us on Twitter @poolsafely<br />
CPSC Pub. 360<br />
0610<br />
<strong>Steps</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> <strong>Around</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Pool</strong><br />
The <strong>Pool</strong> and Spa <strong>Safety</strong> Act<br />
A public education campaign by <strong>the</strong><br />
U.S. Consumer Product <strong>Safety</strong> Commission
Avoid Drain Entrapments!<br />
Hair entanglement: hair can get caught in a faulty<br />
drain cover<br />
Limbs: arms, legs and fingers can become lodged in a<br />
suction opening<br />
Body: any body part that can cover a drain can be<br />
held down by suction<br />
Evisceration: sitting on a faulty drain can cause injuries<br />
or disembowelment<br />
Mechanical: jewelry or bathing suits can become<br />
entangled in a faulty drain cover<br />
Make Sure Your Children:<br />
• Do not play or swim near drains or suction outlets,<br />
especially in spas and shallow pools.<br />
• Never enter a pool or spa that has a loose, broken or<br />
missing drain cover.<br />
If you see a broken or loose drain cover, immediately<br />
notify a lifeguard and <strong>the</strong> pool/spa manager.<br />
A pool or spa with a broken, loose or missing drain cover<br />
should be closed immediately until repairs are made by<br />
a licensed professional.<br />
Children’s public wading pools, o<strong>the</strong>r pools designed<br />
specifically <strong>for</strong> young children, and in-ground spas that<br />
have flat drain grates and single main drain systems<br />
pose <strong>the</strong> greatest risk of entrapment.<br />
The Virginia Graeme Baker <strong>Pool</strong> and Spa <strong>Safety</strong> Act<br />
(P&SSAct) was enacted to prevent <strong>the</strong> tragic and<br />
hidden hazard of drain entrapments and eviscerations<br />
in pools and spas.<br />
Virginia Graeme Baker<br />
In June 2002, seven-year-old Virginia<br />
Graeme Baker died after becoming<br />
stuck on a hot tub drain due to a<br />
powerful suction <strong>for</strong>ce. The drain’s<br />
suction was so powerful that it took<br />
two adult males to pull her from <strong>the</strong> drain. Graeme was<br />
a member of a community swim and dive team and had<br />
been swimming unassisted since she was three years<br />
old. After being found underwater by her twin sister,<br />
Graeme’s mo<strong>the</strong>r, Nancy Baker, tried unsuccessfully to<br />
pull Graeme off <strong>the</strong> drain. Mrs. Baker said Graeme appeared<br />
to be attached to <strong>the</strong> bottom of <strong>the</strong> spa as if she<br />
were tied or held down. The men who eventually freed<br />
Graeme from <strong>the</strong> spa pulled so hard that <strong>the</strong> drain cover<br />
broke from <strong>the</strong> <strong>for</strong>ce. Graeme died from drowning but<br />
<strong>the</strong> real cause of her death was suction entrapment due<br />
to a faulty drain cover.<br />
The <strong>Pool</strong> and Spa <strong>Safety</strong> Act<br />
As of December 19, 2008, all operating public pools<br />
and spas must have drain covers that meet <strong>the</strong> ASME/<br />
ANSI A112.19.8–2007 standard on every drain/grate. If<br />
a pool has a single main drain (o<strong>the</strong>r than an unblockable<br />
drain), or multiple drains less than 3 feet apart,<br />
<strong>the</strong> operator must ei<strong>the</strong>r disable <strong>the</strong> drain(s) or install<br />
a second anti-entrapment device or system. This can<br />
take <strong>the</strong> <strong>for</strong>m of an automatic pump shut-off system,<br />
gravity drainage system, <strong>Safety</strong> Vacuum Release System<br />
(SVRS) or suction-limiting vent system.<br />
New drain covers come in a variety of sizes and<br />
shapes. For a list of cover manufacturers see<br />
www.<strong>Pool</strong><strong>Safely</strong>.gov.<br />
Working with Professional Engineers and<br />
Design Professionals<br />
CPSC staff recommends contacting state or local officials<br />
to determine who is qualified in your area. Experts<br />
should be <strong>for</strong>mally licensed or certified as a business<br />
and carry some level of insurance or similar protection.<br />
<strong>Pool</strong> and spa owners should have <strong>the</strong>ir facilities inspected by a licensed professional engineer and install P&SSAct<br />
compliant covers. See www.<strong>Pool</strong><strong>Safely</strong>.gov <strong>for</strong> a list of manufacturers of certified covers and o<strong>the</strong>r devices.