ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE - Pharos University in Alexandria

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Fatimid Architecture Monuments : The Fatimid History of al-Azhar Mosque 970: Jawhar al-Siqilli, the commander of the Fatimid army, lays its foundation. 972: First Friday prayer held at mosque. 988: First organized teaching at al- Azhar, 35 scholars are house and paid by the Fatimid state. Characteristics of Fatimid mosques •The use of projected portals and domes over mihrabs for ceremonial purposes. •The use of keel-shaped arches in porticoes and arcades. •The wealth of fine stucco decoration. •The dependence on iconographic inscriptions, especially on the entrance facade
Fatimid Architecture Architectural terms: Qubba: Literally "dome", but the word often signified the mausoleum of an amir or a pious man, which was usually, but not always, a cubical structure covered with a dome. Mashhad: A complex term that means either a memorial for a shahid (witness of the greatness of God, but later exclusively meaning martyr) or a memorial for a true vision, which mostly involves the Prophet or members of his family. General view of the Mashhad al-Juyyushi on top of the Muqattam before restoration.
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Page 6 and 7: Umayyad , Abbasid and Tulunid Archi
Page 10 and 11: Muqarnas: One of the most distincti
Page 12 and 13: Transforming the Religious Landscap
Page 14 and 15: Architecture of the Mamluks View of
Page 16 and 17: Religious Architecture by the 20 th
Page 18 and 19: Islamic architecture and the enviro
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