Biospeologica Bibliographia Publications 2010-2

© Biospeologica Bibliographia
Publications 2010-1
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Bacterial Calcium Carbonate Precipitation in Cave
Environments: A Function of Calcium Homeostasis.
Geomicrobiology Journal 27(5, July):444-445. DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490450903485136. ABS: To
determine if microbial species play an active role in the development of
calcium carbonate (CaCO 3) deposits (speleothems) in cave environments,
we isolated 51 culturable bacteria from a coralloid speleothem and tested
their ability to dissolve and precipitate CaCO 3. The majority of these
isolates could precipitate CaCO 3 minerals; scanning electron microscopy
and X-ray diffractrometry demonstrated that aragonite, calcite and
vaterite were produced in this process. Due to the inability of dead cells
to precipitate these minerals, this suggested that calcification requires
metabolic activity. Given growth of these species on calcium acetate, but
the toxicity of Ca 2+ ions to bacteria, we created a loss-of-function gene
knock-out in the Ca 2+ ion efflux protein ChaA. The loss of this protein
inhibited growth on media containing calcium, suggesting that the need to
remove Ca 2+ ions from the cell may drive calcification. With no carbonate
in the media used in the calcification studies, we used stable isotope
probing with C13O 2 to determine whether atmospheric CO 2 could be the
source of these ions. The resultant crystals were significantly enriched in
this heavy isotope, suggesting that extracellular CO 2 does indeed
contribute to the mineral structure. The physiological adaptation of
removing toxic Ca 2+ ions by calcification, while useful in numerous
environments, would be particularly beneficial to bacteria in Ca 2+ -rich
cave environments. Such activity may also create the initial crystal
nucleation sites that contribute to the formation of secondary CaCO 3
deposits within caves. KW: Calcite, calcium caves, coralloids,
homeostasis, speleothems.
BARATTI (M.), FILIPPELLI (M.), NARDI (F.) &
MESSANA (G.), 2010. Molecular phylogenetic
relationships among some stygobitic cirolanid species
(Crustacea, Isopoda). Contributions to Zoology 79(2):57-
67. ABS: Within the Cirolanidae, a widespread family of marine
isopods, about 23 genera are stygobitic and inhabit phreatic and
anchialine ecosystems, with many endemic species. The Mediterranean
area has a high biodiversity of subterranean cirolanids, which are
considered thalassoid limnostygobionts. A molecular analysis was
conducted using mtDNA genes to infer the phylogeny of species
belonging to six of the seven stygobitic genera of Cirolanidae inhabiting
the Mediterranean basin and to two American taxa: Faucheria faucheri,
Marocolana delamarei, Saharolana seurati, Sphaeromides virei virei,
Turcolana sp., 13 taxa of the genus Typhlocirolana and two American
species, Antrolana lira and Speocirolana bolivari. The Typhlocirolana
species are widespread in the western Mediterranean basin, with a
concentration of taxa in the Maghreb region. Turcolana sp. is localised in
the eastern Mediterranean, while F. faucheri and S. v. virei are north
Mediterranean taxa. S. seurati, the taxon least morphologically adapted to
subterranean life, belongs to a monospecific genus present in a Tunisian
spring. The molecular phylogeny showed a high affinity among the
American taxa and the Mediterranean Sphaeromides, clustering in the
Sphaeromides group identified by previous morphological studies.
Typhlocirolana species and M. delamarei constitute their sister clade
within the Sphaeromides group. F. faucheri appears to be a sister clade of
the Sphaeromides group. S. seurati, showing reduced troglobitic
adaptations, assumes disparate and unsolved positions in the phylogenetic
reconstructions. The molecular data suggest that a combination of
vicariance and dispersal events, occurring from 180 to a few million years
ago, combined to bring about the present distribution pattern of
Mediterranean cirolanid isopods. KW: 12S, 16S, Cirolanidae, cytochrome
oxidase I, mitochondrial DNA, stygofauna.
http://dpc.uba.uva.nl/cgi/t/text/textidx?c=ctz;sid=11723560e12646d77667770712bc2003;rgn=main;idno=m
7902a01;view=text
BARATTI (M.), MESSANA (G.), FILIPPELLI (M.) &
SKET (B.), 2010. New biogeographical and phylogenetic
data about the genus Sphaeromides and its relatives
(Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae):55-56. In: 20 th
International Conference on Subterranean Biology,
Postojna, Slovenia, 29 August-3 September 2010, ICSB
2010 Abstract Book, edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter
TRONTELJ, ISBN 978-961-269-286-5. ABS: Sphaeromides
spp. are among the most remarkable aquatic troglobionts. The putative
genus exhibits a trans dinaric distribution, with a pronounced diversity in
Bernard LEBRETON & Jean-Pierre BESSON
Créé le : 01.01.2010
Modifié le : 30.06.2010
the Dinaric karst, but occurring also outside it, in France and Bulgaria.
We succeeded to sample the genus from ca 17 localities throughout its
range (except in Bosanska Krajina). A molecular analysis was conducted
using mtDNA genes (16S rRNA and COXI) at two levels: 1) to infer the
phylogenetic relationships of the Sphaeromides species with the other
subterranean cirolanid taxa, and 2) to investigate the phylogeography of
the S. virei populations in the Dinarides and its relationships with the
other Sphaeromides species (S. raymondi and S. bureschi). The 16S tree,
including available GenBank cirolanid sequences, show that
Sphaeromides, as conceived now, is a polyphyletic assemblage. S.
raymondi from France is a sister taxon to the eastern Sphaeromides spp.
plus some American genera (Cirolanides and Antrolana from USA and
Speocirolana and Sphaerolana from Mexico). The populations of the S.
virei comprise until now the two subspecies S. v. virei and S. v.
mediodalmatina. S. virei occurs only along the eastern Adriatic coast, but
always in pure fresh water, while S. mediodalmatina is limited to the
central inland parts of Dalmacija. In the phylogenetic reconstruction, S.
virei is again a monophylum, probably representing separate genus,
inhabiting the Dinaric and western Balkan (or Stara planina) karst. The
COI and the 16S trees show that S. virei may be regarded as at least two
distinct species, since the supposed subspecies S. virei mediodalmatina is
a very distinct phyletic line and beside that it occurs in one cave
syntopically with S. v. virei. These molecular investigations sustain new
evidences about the genus Sphaeromides, which should be supported by a
complete morphological analysis of the genus. http://www.icsb2010.net/
BARBIER (C.), 2010. Massif de la Sainte-Victoire (Bouchesdu-Rhône).
Spelunca 117(Mars, 1 er trimestre):23-31. BL: Cf
p. 24-25: Aven RCPR (Refuge Chiroptères Petits Rhinolophes), 2004,
Massif de la Sainte-Victoire (Vauvenargues). Comme elle abrite
également quelques chiroptères, nous avons décidé de ne pas publier ses
coordonnées pour donner encore cinquante ans de tranquillité à ces
charmants animaux.
BARCIOVÁ (T.), KOVÁČ (ĽU.) & MIKLISOVÁ (D.),
2010. Impact of tourism upon structure and diversity of
Collembola assemblages (Hexapoda) - a case study of the
Gombasecká Cave, Slovak Karst (Slovakia). Slovenský
Kras Acta Carsologica Slovaca 48(2):271-283. ABS: In
1998-2000 and 2006-2007 investigations were carried out in the
Gombasecká Cave (Slovak Karst, Slovakia) to assess potential impact of
tourism upon the communities of terrestrial Arthropoda with special
reference to Collembola. Pitfall trapping with different fixation liquids
and extraction of baits and organic debris (rotten wood) were used as
basic collecting methods. Five sites were selected for detail study in
different distance from the tourist path. In total, 52 Collembola were
registered during the study in the Gombasecká Cave, rather low species
number (27) was detected in its internal parts that is likely linked with
oligotrophic conditions and low impact of tourism. Four species were
troglobiotic, Arrhopalites aggtelekiensis, Deuteraphorura schoenviszkyi,
Deuteraphorura cf. kratochvili and Pseudosinella aggtelekiensis, all
representing Western Carpathian endemics. They populated preferably
the deeper cave parts with exception of P. aggtelekiensis that occurred
also at both entrance sites. Eutroglophiles Arrhopalites pygmaeus,
Arrhopalites caecus and Folsomia candida dominanted in the cave.
Collembolan assemblages of the entrance sites differed from those
situated in greater distances from the cave entrance. Within adjacent
reference localities not open to public, Stará Brzotínska and Nová
Brzotínska caves, 22 and 21 collembolan species were recorded,
respectively. Three obligate cave species were registered in both caves, A.
aggtelekiensis, D. schoenviszkyi and D. cf. kratochvili;. eutroglophiles
Plutomurus carpaticus, Folsomia candida and Arrhopalites pygmaeus
were the most abundant. The study revealed a great level of similarity of
Collembola between tourist and reference caves investigated. However,
Plutomurus carpaticus, abundant and frequent in the Brzotínska Cave
system, was absent in the Gombasecká Cave. In contrary, troglobiotic
Pseudosinella aggtelekiensis, rather frequent in the Gombasecká Cave
was totally absent in the Brzotínska Cave system. In the studied show
cave we observed no clear negative effect of tourism upon Collembola
communities close to the tourist path. KW: Collembola, tourist cave,
Slovak Karst, Gombasecká Cave, troglobiotic species, cave fauna.
BARRANCO (P.), 2010. Una nueva especie de Petaloptila de
la provincia de Málaga (España) (Orthoptera, Gryllidae).
Boletín de la Asociación española de Entomología
34(1/2):207-217. RES: Se describe una nueva especie de ortóptero en
cuevas de Andalucía (España).
http://liberagnitio.org/webs/AeE/index.php?d=publicaciones&num=47