The Ethiopian seed industry - SeedQuest

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20 The ESE and the Ethiopian Hi-bred Inc. are members of the recently established African Seed Trade Association (AFSTA) based in Nairobi, Kenya. Table 12 Seed import for production or sale in 1999/2000 Organization Forestry Seed Cereals Vegetables Flowers Import (kg.) Pulses Forages Medicinal Plants Fiber Oil Crops Aromatic Plants Export (kg) Production 1000A Ethio-Flora 0.75 2705.64 Meskel flower 157 Ethio-Falcon 8915 Angereb Enterprise 802 Moda Enterprise 400 Dinsho P.L.C. 7500 Abdulhamid 166440 Agricultural Extension 4 Amhara Region 38A 125 4.2 Pioneer Hi-bred 5332 Twenty-Twenty 4 3 80 27 6 Uni Bef 1195 Ministry of Agriculture 300 Lupo 4600 7629 Etheco 150 World Vision 15C Total 4604 5332 29057 166444 400 425 80 27 6 4.2 Trade AISCO 13500 Ethio-Falcon 8915 Chametex 400.4 Markos PLC 44300 1000 Eth-fruit 7238 Don Commercial Enterprise 265 2.7 Aboker Trading 2065 United Inputs Supply 4300 Ajamo Trading Enterprise 8596.5 15 United Trading 115 Nazareth International Trading 860 Akmera Mesfin 5720 13335B Total 96159.9 17.7 1000 115 Note: B= Sample, C= Packet (25-100gm); A, B and C are not included in the sample Cereals Major Constraints in the Seed Sector The Ethiopian Seed Industry is generally characterized by constraints related to variety development (horticultural crops and ornamentals); seed production (mainly horticultural crops, ornamentals, tree crops, fiber crops, pulse and oil crops), marketing and distribution; seed quality control; and seed extension. Production 1. Shortage of improved varieties and inadequate supply of good quality breeder Focus on Seed Programs 2001: Ethiopia
21 and basic seed, mainly for horticultural crops and ornamentals. 2. Limited technical and managerial expertise and experience for efficient and economic production of quality seed. 3. Absence of specialized seed farms for seed production of pulse, oilseed, horticultural and fiber crops. 4. Inadequate coverage of economically important crops such as pulse, oilseed, horticultural and fiber crops. 5. Low level participation of the private sector in the national seed industry development. Distribution 1. Inefficient seed distribution system (few sales centers, no retail dealers). 2. Absence of effective sales promotion and marketing 3. Low quality of seed offered for sale, mainly for tef and hybrid maize. 4. Low grain price paid to farmers. Recommendations for the Seed Sector The constraints facing the seed sector require policy, regulatory, managerial and technical intervention if progress is to be achieved in seed industry development in Ethiopia. Production 1. Lack of varieties and inadequate breeder and basic seed supply: For effective seed production, all activities that involve variety development, maintenance, and seed production should be properly linked as any single weakness would result in poor performance of the seed system. Thus, the agricultural research system should be strengthened for continuous development of Focus on Seed Programs varieties and supply of breeder seed of strategic crops. 2. Limited technical and managerial experience and material resource: There should be sustained invest in human resource development and essential facilities for enhancing capability in germplsam conservation, utilization and crop improvement as well as seed production, processing, marketing and quality control. 3. Absence of specialized seed farms: For efficient, economic and sustainable seed supply, seed production should be decentralized into major crop production zones with active participation of both public and private sectors. At the same time, the local seed supply should be organized using both local and improved varieties through secondary seed multiplication scheme. 4. Inadequate coverage of economically important crops: Despite the availability of breeder seed and reasonably good varieties, pre-basic and basic seed production do not cover economically important crops such as cotton, sorghum, groundnut and sesame. Therefore priority crops should be identified, breeder seed multiplied and distributed to users by the respective institutions. 5. Low participation of private sector in seed industry: For a sustainable national seed industry development, it is necessary that private seed sector participation flourishes. A public-awareness campaign should be strengthened through workshops, seminars and study tours to attract private investors. 6. Lack of independent quality control system: The establishment of the National Seed Quality Control and Certification Division under NSIA by itself is not a 2001: Ethiopia
Page 1 and 2: Focus on Seed Programs The Ethiopia
Page 3 and 4: 3 In 1976, the National Seed Counci
Page 5 and 6: 5 Preliminary Yield Trial (PYT) One
Page 7 and 8: Figure 1 Total number of crop varie
Page 9 and 10: Basic Seed Production The productio
Page 11 and 12: Horticultural Crops The potential f
Page 13 and 14: 13 • Seed quality control is ensu
Page 15 and 16: 15 additional stores with a total c
Page 17 and 18: Table 11. Grain and seed price in E
Page 19: 19 quarantine checks. The regulatio

The Ethiopian seed industry - SeedQuest

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