EPSC 201 Section 5.pdf

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Framework Silicate Quartz SiO 2 Plagioclase Albite NaAlSi 3O 8 Anorthite CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 K-feldspar KAlSi 3 O 8 Amethyst SiO 2
Relationship of Quartz structure to Feldspar Structure Imagine four SiO 2 molecules 4 x SiO 2 = Si 4 O 8 Substitute Al 3+ for Si 4+ in one of these molecules SiO 2 + AlO 2 + SiO 2 + SiO 2 = AlSi 3 O 8 - Add Na + or K + to supply missing charge = NaAlSi 3 O 8 or KAlSi 3 O 8 Albite K-Feldspar SiO 2 + AlO 2 + AlO 2 + SiO 2 = Al 2 Si 2 O 8 2- Add Ca 2+ to supply missing charge = CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 Anorthite
Page 1 and 2: Mineralogy Minerals and crystals
Page 3 and 4: Miners in Cueva de los Crystals: th
Page 5 and 6: Crystal Shapes Halite (NaCl) Diamon
Page 7 and 8: Feldspars - two of the most importa
Page 9 and 10: Quartz crystals displaying prism an
Page 11 and 12: Crystals have ordered arrangements
Page 13 and 14: Surface of galena (PbS) imaged With
Page 15 and 16: Ionic bonding - transfer of electro
Page 17 and 18: The atomic structure of diamond Cov
Page 19 and 20: Cutting diamonds
Page 21 and 22: Atomic structure of graphite Covale
Page 23 and 24: The silicon tetrahedron
Page 25 and 26: Nesosilicate Olivine (Fe,Mg) 2 SiO
Page 27 and 28: Inosilicate (Double Chain) Amphibol
Page 29: Sheet Silicate Biotite KAl(Fe,Mg) 3

EPSC 201 Section 5.pdf

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