Graduate Labor Economics I & II Spring 2012/ Fall 2012 Professor ...

Graduate Labor Economics I & II Spring 2012/ Fall 2012
Professor: Ming-Jen Lin Social Science Building 224
(O) 23519641*463 email: mjlin@ntu.edu.tw
Grade:
(1) Class Presentation (45%): (a) a 50 mins presentation on an assigned paper(s) or of your
own interest, from our reading list, and (b) a 30 mins presentation on your own final
paper.
(2) Final Paper (45%): an empirical paper with introduction (2 pages), literature review (2-3
pages), data description (1 page), preliminary results (4 pages), and discussion and
conclusion (1-2 pages point out the potential flaws of your paper and suggests ways which
might help to mitigate them). Start to discuss with me after the midterm.
(3) Class Participation (10%): active participation and discussion in the classroom, extra
credit will be given to those who give helpful comments to other students’ presentation.
Course Reading:
Reference Book:
Steven Levitt and Stephen Dubner (2005), Freakonomics, William Morrow(中譯本:蘋果橘
子經濟學,大塊文化)。
Steven Levitt and Stephen Dubner (2010), Superfreakonomics, William Morrow(中譯本:超
爆蘋果橘子經濟學,時報文化)。
Robert Frank (2007), The Economic Naturalist: In Search of Explanations for Everyday
Enigmas (中譯本:經濟自然學,大塊文化)。
0. Introduction
Becker, Gary S. (1976), “The Economic Approach to Human Behavior,” The Economic
Approach to Human Behavior, University of Chicago Press, pp 3-14. (or Becker, Gary
S. (1993), “Nobel Lecture: The Economic Way of Looking at Human Behavior,”
1

Journal of Political Economy, 101(3): 385-409.)
Lucas, Robert E. (1988), “What Economists do?”
Hamermesh, Daniel (2000), “The Craft of Labormetrics”, Industrial and Labor Relations
Review, 53(3): 363-380.
Freedman, David (1991), “Statistical Models and Shoe Leather”, Sociological Methodology,
21: 291-313.
Angrist, Joshua D. and Alan B. Krueger (1999), “Empirical Strategies in Labor Economics,”
in Handbook of Labor Economics, 3A, Chapter 23.
1. Labor Supply (Female, tax rate or welfare change)
Imbens, Guido W., Donald Rubin, and Bruce I. Sacerdote (2001), “Estimating the effect of
unearned income on Labor Supply, earnings, savings, and consumption: Evidence from a
survey of Lottery winners players,” American Economic Review, 91(4): 778-794.
Bianchi, Marco, Björn R. Gudmundsson, and Gylfi Zoega (2001), “Iceland’s Natural
Experiment in Supply-Side Economics,” American Economic Review, 91(5):1564-1579.
Eissa, Nada and Jeffrey B. Liebman (1996), “Labor supply response to the earned income tax
credit,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 111(2): 605-637.
Angrist, Joshua D. and William N. Evans (1998), “Children and Their Parents’ Labor
Supply: Evidence from Exogenous Variation in Family Size,” American Economic
Review, 88(3): 450-77.
Chou, Shin-Yi, Jin-Tan Liu and James K. Hammitt (2003), “National Health Insurance and
Precautionary Saving: Evidence from Taiwan,” Journal of Public Economics, 87(9-10):
1873-1894.
Baker, Michael, Jonathan Gruber, and Kevin Milligan (2008), "Universal childcare, maternal
labor supply, and family well-being," Journal of Political Economy, 116(4):709-745.
Blau, Francine D. and Lawrence M. Kahn (2007), “Changes in the Labor Supply Behavior of
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Married Women: 1980–2000,” Journal of Labor Economics, 25(3): 393-438.
Keane, Michael P. (2011), "Labor Supply and Taxes: A Survey," Journal of Economic
Literature, 49(4): 961–1075.
Goldin, Claudia and Lawrence F. Katz (2002), “The Power of the Pill: Oral Contraceptives
and Women’s Career and Marriage Decisions,” Journal of Political Economy, 110(4):
730-770.
2. Labor Demand
Card, David and Alan B. Krueger (1994), “Minimum Wages and Employment: A case study
of the Fast food industry in New Jersey and Pennsylvania,” American Economic Review,
84(4): 772-793.
Neumark, David and William Wascher (2000), “Minimum Wages and Employment: A case
study of the Fast food industry in New Jersey and Pennsylvania-Comment,” American
Economic Review, 90(5): 1362-1396.
Card, David and Alan B. Krueger (2000), “Minimum Wages and Employment: A case study
of the Fast food industry in New Jersey and Pennsylvania-Reply,” American Economic
Review, 90(5): 1397-1420.
3. Human Capital
3.1 School, Education, and Wage
Effect of Education on Wage
Mincer, Jacob A. Schooling, Experience, and Earnings. New York: NBER, 1974.
Becker, Gary S., Human Capital. 3rd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.
Willis, Robert. J. “Wage Determinants,” in Handbook of Labor Economics, Ch 10, Vol. 1,
Angrist, Joshua D., and Alan B. Krueger(1991), “ Does Compulsory Schooling Attendance
Affect Schooling and Earnings?” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106(4): 979-1014.
Angrist, Joshua D.(1990), “Lifetime Earnings and the Vietnam Era Draft Lottery: Evidence
from Social Security Administrative Records,” American Economic Review, 80(3):
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313-336.
Ashenfelter, Orley and Alan Krueger (1994), “Estimates of the Economic Return to Schooling
from a New Sample of Twins,” American Economic Review, 84(5): 1157-1173.
Duflo, Esther (2001), “Schooling and Labor Market Consequences of School Construction
in Indonesia: Evidence from an Unusual Policy Experiment,” American Economic Review,
91(4): 795-813.
Is Education just a Signal?
Spence, Michael (1973), “Job Market Signaling,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 87(3):
355-374.
Kroch, Eugene A. and Kriss Sjoblom (1994), “Schooling as Human Capital or a Signal: Some
Evidence,” Journal of Human Resources, 29(1): 156-180.
Effect of Class size and Peer on school outcome
Card, David and Alan B. Krueger (1996), “School Resources and Student Outcomes: An
Overview of the Literature and New Evidence from North and South Carolina,” Journal
of Economic Perspectives, 10(4): 31-50.
Hoxby, Caroline M.(2000), “The Effect of Class Size on Student Achievement: New
Evidence from National Population Variation,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 115(4):
1239-1285.
Angrist, Joshua D. and Victory Lavy (1999), “Using Maimonides’ Rule to Estimate the Effect
of Class Size on Scholastic Achievement,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 114(2):
533-575.
Krueger, Alan B. and Diane M. Whitmore (2001), “The Effect of Attending a Small Class in
the Early Grades on College-Test Taking and Middle School Test Results: Evidence
from Project STAR,” Economic Journal, 111(468): 1-28.
Sacerdote, Bruce (2001), “Peer Effect with random assignment: Results for Dartmouth
Roommates,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 116(2): 681-704.
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Public School Competition
Hoxby, Caroline M.(2000), “Does Competition Among Public Schools Benefit Students and
Taxpayers?” American Economics Review, 90(5):1209-1238.
Rothstein, Jesse, “Does Competition Among Public Schools Benefit Students and Taxpayers?
A Comment on Hoxby (2000),” Princeton Working Paper,
http://www.econ.princeton.edu/
3.2 Beauty
Hamermesh, Daniel S. and Jeff E. Biddle (1994), “Beauty and the Labor Market,”
American Economic Review, 84(10), 1174-1194.
李承達與駱明慶 (2007),「美貌對候選人得票率的影響--- 以2004年立法委員選舉為
例」,《經濟論文叢刊》,36(1),67-113。
3.3 Health
3.3.1 (Hepatitis B and) Missing Women
Das Gupta, Monica (1987), “Selective discrimination against female children in rural Punjab,
India,” Population and Development Review, 13(1):77-100.
Sen, Amartya (1990), “More Than 100 Million Women Are Missing,” New York Review of
Books, December 20.
Oster, Emily (2005), “Hepatitis B and the Case of the Missing Women,” Journal of Political
Economy, 113(6): 1163-1216.
Das Gupta, Monica (2005), “Explaining Asia’s Missing Women: A New look at the Data,”
Population and Development Review, 31(3): 529-535.
Oster, Emily (2006), “Explaining Asia’s Missing Women: A New Look at the Data –
Comments,” Population and Development Review, 32(2): 323-327.
Das Gupta, Monica (2006), “Cultural Versus Biological Factors in Explaining Asia’s “Missing
Women”: Response to Oster,” Population and Development Review, 32(2): 328-32.
Lin, Ming-Jen and Ming-Ching Luoh (2008), “Can Hepatitis B Mothers Explain the Case of
5

Missing Women? Evidence from Three Millions Newborns in Taiwan,” American
Economic Review, 98(5): 2259-2273.
Lin, Ming-Jen, Jin-Tan Liu, and Nancy Qian (2009), “More Women Missing, Fewer Girls
Dying: The Impact of Abortion on Sex Ratios at Birth and Excess Female Mortality in
Taiwan,” NBER working paper #14541.
3.3.2 AIDS and Human Capital
Oster, Emily (2005), “Sexually Transmitted Infections, Sexual Behavior and the HIV/AIDS
Epidemic,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 120(2): 467-515.
Oster, Emily (2006), “HIV and Sexual Behavior Change: Why Not Africa?” (working paper)
Dupas, Pascaline (2010), “Do Teenagers Respond to HIV Risk Information? Evidence from a
Field Experiment in Kenya”, American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 3(1),
1-34.
Robinson, Jonathan, and Ethan Yeh (2011), "Transactional Sex as a Response to Risk in
Western Kenya", American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 3(1): 35–64
3.3.3 Low Birth Weight
Almond, Douglas, Kenneth Y. Chay and David S. Lee (2005), “The Costs of Low Birth
Weight,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 121(3): 1031-1083.
Behrman, Jere R. and Mark R. Rosenzweig (2004), “Returns to Birth Weight,” Review of
Economics and Statistics, 86(2): 586-601.
Lin, Ming-Jen, Liu, Jin-Tan, and Shin-Yi Chou (2007), “As Low Birth Weight Babies Grow,
Can Well-Educated Parents Buffer this Adverse Factor?”, Demography, 44(2): 335-343
Black, Sandra, Paul Devereux and Kjell Salvanes “From the Cradle to the Labor Market? The
Effect of Birth Weight on Adult Outcomes.” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 122(1):
409-439.
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Lin, Ming-Jen* and Jin-Tan Liu (2009), "Do Lower Birth Weight Babies Have Lower Grades?
Twin Fixed Effect and Instrumental Variable Method Evidence from Taiwan", Social
Science and Medicine, 68(10), 1780-87.
Wan-Chi Chen, Ming-Jen Lin, and Jin-Tan Liu (2010), “Maternal Age as a Biosocial Link
between Low Birth Weight and Crime Evidence from Taiwan's National Data,” Social
Science Research, 33(6), 1047-1058.
3.3.4 Fetus Origin (or the Economic Consequence of 1918 Influenza, Malaria, Radioactive
fallout, Worms, etc)
Almond, Douglas, and Janet Currie. 2011. “Killing Me Softly: the Fetal Origin Hypothesis,”
Journal of Economic Perspective, 25(3):153-172.
Almond, Douglas (2006), “Is the 1918 Influenza Pandemic Over? Long-term Effects of In
Utero Influenza Exposure in the Post-1940 U.S. Population,” Journal of Political
Economy, 114(4): 672-712.
Lin, Ming-Jen (2012), "Does “in Utero” Exposure to Illness Matter? The 1918 Influenza
Epidemic in Taiwan as a Natural Experiment," Working Paper.
劉奕文(2008),「胎兒時期的病毒接觸與未來發展是否相關?以 1918 年全球大流感對台
灣教育程度的影響為例」,台大經研所碩士論文。
Almond, Douglas and Bhashkar Mazumder (2011), “Health Capital and the Prenatal
Environment: The Effect of Ramadan Observance during Pregnancy”, American
Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 3(4): 56-85.
Almond, Douglas, Lena Edlund, and Mårten Palme. 2009. “Chernobyl's Subclinical Legacy:
Prenatal Exposure to Radioactive Fallout and School Outcomes in Sweden.” The
Quarterly Journal of Economics, 124(4):1729-1772.
Banerjee A. V., E. Duflo, G. P. Vinay, and T. Watts. 2008. “Long Run Health Impacts of
Income Shocks: Wine and Phylloxera in 19th Century France.” forthcoming, Review of
Economics and Statistics.
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Bleakley Hoyt. 2007. “Disease and Development: Evidence form Hookworm Eradication in
the American South.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics,122(1): 73-117.
Bleakley Hoyt. 2009. “Economic Effects of Childhood Exposure to Tropical Disease,”
American Economic Review Paper and Proceeding, 99(2), pp 218-223.
Bleakley, Hoyt (2010), “Malaria Eradication in the Americas: A Retrospective Analysis of
Childhood Exposure”, American Economic Journal-Applied, 2(2), pp 1-45.
Lucas, Adrienne (2010), “Malaria Eradication and Educational Attainment: Evidence from
Paraguay and Sri Lanka” American Economic Journal-Applied Economics,2(2), pp
46-71.
Cutler, David, Winnie Fung, Michael Kremer, Monica Singhal and Tom Vogl (2010), “Early-Life
Malaria Exposure and Adult Outcomes: Evidence from Malaria Eradication in India”, American
Economic Journal-Applied, 2(2), pp 72-94.
3.3.5 Height and Weight
Persico, Nicola, Andrew Postlewaite and Dan Silverman (2004), “The Effect of Adolescent
Experience on Labor Market Outcomes: The Case of Height,” Journal of Political
Economy, 112(5): 1019-1053.
Case, Ann and Christina Paxson (2008), “Stature and Status: Height, Ability, and Labor
Market Outcomes,” Journal of Political Economy, 116(3), pp 499-532
Deaton, Angus and Raksha Arora (2009), "Life at the Top: The Benefits of Height," Economics
and Human Biology, 7(2), pp 133-136.
Heineck, Guido (2009), “Too Tall to be Smart? The Relationship between Height and Cognitive
Abilities,” Economics letters, 105(1), pp 78-80.
Hüble, Olaf (2009), “The nonlinear link between height and wages in Germany, 1985–2004,”
Economics and human biology, 7(2) pp 191-199.
蔡欣純(2009),“「身高對學生綜合能力分析的影響以男女生第一次夢遺/初經年齡為工
具變數分析」",台大經研所碩士論文。
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Cutler, DM, EL Glaeser, and JM Shapiro (2003), “Why Have Americans Become More
Obese?”, Journal of Economic Perspectives 17, pp 93-118.
Lakdawalla, D and Thomas Philipson (2009), “The Growth of Obesity and Technological
Change”, Economics and Human Biology, 7, pp 283-293.
Chou, Shin-Yi, I Rashad and Michael Grossman (2008), “Fast-Food Restaurant Advertising
on Television and Its Influence on Childhood Obesity”, Journal of Law and Economics,
51, pp 599-618.
Komlos, John and Marek Brabec (2010), “The Trend of BMI Values by Deciles of US Adults,
birth cohorts 1882-1986,” NBER Working Paper 16252 (also see the 08/31/2010 VOX
column).
Philipson, Thomas and Richard Posner(2010), Fat New World, Opinion, July 30, 2010 Wall
Street Journal
Cawley, John. (2004), “The Impact of Obesity on Wages,” Journal of Human Resources,
39(2): 451-474.
3.3.6 What’s in a good terrorist?
Benmelech, Efrain and Claude Berreb (2007), “Human Capital and the Productivity of
Suicide Bombers,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 21(3): 223-238.
Krueger, Alan (2007), What Makes a Terrorist: Economics and the Roots of Terrorism,
Princeton University Press
3.3.7 Famine
Meng, Xin and Nancy Qian: “The Long Run Health and Economic Consequences of Famine
on Survivors: Evidence from China’s Great Famine,” IZA discussion paper 2471.
Chen, Yuyu & Zhou, Li-An, "The long-term health and economic consequences of the
1959-1961 famine in China," Journal of Health Economics, 26(4): 659-681,
3.4 Human Capital (Education and Ethnicity)
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駱明慶(2002), 「誰是台大學生?--- 性別、省籍和城鄉差異,」《經濟論文叢刊》,
30(1): 113-147。
駱明慶(2001),「教育成就的省籍與性別差異,」《經濟論文叢刊》 ,29(2): 117-152。
陳婉琪(2005),「族群、性別與階級:再探教育成就的省籍差異,」《台灣社會學》,
10: 1-40。
駱明慶 (2003), 「高普考分省區定額錄取與特種考試的省籍篩選效果」 《經濟論文叢
刊》, 31(1), 87-106。
林郁芳 (2009), 「再探政黨偏好的社會分歧—代間教育流動的影響」,台大經研所碩
士論文。
3.5 Language as a Form of Human Capital
Chiswick, Barry and Paul Miller (1995), “The Endogeneity between Language and Earnings:
International Analyses,” Journal of Labor Economics, 13(2), pp 246-88.
Chiswick, Barry and Paul Miller (2001), “A Model of Destination-Language Acquisition:
Application to Male Immigrants in Canada,” Demography, 38(3), pp 391-409.
Bleakley, Hoyt and Aimee Chin (2010), “Age at Arrival, English Proficiency, and Social
Assimilation among U.S. Immigrants,” American Economic Journal: Applied, 2(1):
165-192.
Bleakley, Hoyt and Aimee Chin (2008), “What Holds Back the Second Generation? The
Intergenerational Transmission of Language Human Capital Among Immigrants,”
Journal of Human Resources, 43(2), pp 267-298.
Bleakley, Hoyt and Aimee Chin (2004), “Language Skills and Earnings: Evidence from
Childhood Immigrants,” Review of Economics and Statistics, 86(2):481-496.
陳婉琪、溫郁文 (2010) 講啥米話咁唔要緊?語言資本對族群間職業取得差異的影響。
台灣社會學刊 44, pp 1-54。
3.6 Discrimination and Cheating
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Becker, Gary (1957), The Economics of Discrimination, University of Chicago Press.
Bertrand Marianne and Sendhil Mullainathan (2004), “Are Emily and Greg More Employable
than Lakisha and Jamal? A Field Experiment on Labor Market Discrimination,” American
Economic Review, 94(4): 991-1013.
Gneezy, Uri, and John A. List (2006), “Clean Evidence of Statistical Discrimination Against
the Physically Disabled in Product Markets: Evidence from a Field Experiment.”
(working paper)
Duggan, Mark and Steven D. Levitt (2002), “Winning Isn't Everything: Corruption in Sumo
Wrestling,” American Economic Review, 292(5): 1594-1605.
Jacob, Brian A. and Steven D. Levitt (2003), “Rotten Apples: An Investigation of the
Prevalence and Predictors of Teacher Cheating,” Quarterly Journal of Economics,
118(3): 843-877.
3.7 Sex, Pornography and Prostitution
Gertler, Paul, Manisha Shah, and Stefano M. Bertozzi (2005), “Risky Business: The Market
for Unprotected Commercial Sex,” Journal of Political Economy, 113(3): 518-550.
Francis, Andrew (2007), “The Economics of Sexuality: The Effect of HIV/AIDS on
Homosexual Behavior, Desire, and Identity in the United States,” Ph.D. Thesis, the
university of Chicago.
吳明燁 (2007) ,「色情出版物、青少年性行為與升學意願」, 台灣大學經濟研究所
碩士論文。
Edlund, Lena, Joseph Engelberg and Christopher A. Parsons(2009), "The Wages of Sin,"
Columbia University Discussion Paper No.: 0809-16, June 4, 2009.
Edlund, Lena and Evelyn Korn (2002), "A Theory of Prostitution," The Journal of Political
Economy, 110(1): 181-214.
Levitt, Steve and Sudhir Venkatesh(2007), “An Empirical Analysis of Street Level
Prostitution,” Working Paper.
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3.8 Economic History of Slavery, Potatoes, and Plow Use
Nunn, Nathan and Nancy Qian (2010), “The Columbian Exchange: A History of Disease,
Food, and Ideas," Journal of Economic Perspectives, 24(2):163-188.
Nunn, Nathan (2008), “The Long Term Effects of Africa's Slave Trades," Quarterly Journal
of Economics,123(1): 139-176.
Alesina, Alberto, Paola Giuliano, and Nathan Nunn (2011) “Fertility and the Plough”,
American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings,101(3): 499-503.
Nunn, Nathan and Nancy Qian (2011), The Potato's Contribution to Population and
Urbanization: Evidence from a Historical Experiment," Quarterly Journal of Economics,
126(2): 593-650.
3.9 Women Status
Hu, L. and Schlosser, A. (2011), "Prenatal Sex Selection and Girls’ Well­Being: Evidence
from India." Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
傅君琦(2012):市場的力量:從性比例失衡看印度婦女地位的變化,台灣大學經濟研究所
碩士論文。
Jenson, Robert and Emily Oster (2009), “The Power of TV: Cable Television and Women’s
Status n India,”Quarterly Journal of Economics 124(3): 1057-1094.
區俊傑(2011):電視對印度女性地位的影響,台灣大學經濟研究所碩士論文。
4. Personnel Economics (Internal Labor Markets)
4.1 Overview
Karpoff, Jonathan M. (2001), “Public versus Private Initiative in Arctic Exploration: The
Effects of Incentives and Organizational Structure,” Journal of Political Economy, 109(1):
38-78.
Gibbons, Robert S.(1997), “Incentives and Careers in Organizations.” In Advances in
Economics and Econometrics: Theory and Applications, 7th World Congress, Vol. 2,
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edited by D. Kreps and K. Wallis. New York: Cambridge University Press
Baker, George, Michael Gibbs and Bengt Holmstrom (1994a), “The Internal Economics of
The Firm: Evidence From Personal Data,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 109(4):
881-919.
Baker, George, Michael Gibbs and Bengt Holmstrom (1994b), “The Wage Policy of a Firm:
Evidence From Personal Data,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 109(4): 921-955.
Lin, Ming-Jen (2005), “Opening up the Black Box - The Internal Labor Market of Company
X,” Industrial Relations., 44(4): 659-706.
4.2 Tournament
Lazear, Edward and Sherwin Rosen (1981), “Rank-Order Tournaments as Optimum Labor
Contracts,” Journal of Political Economy, 89(5): 841-864.
Eriksson, Tor. (1999). “Executive Compensation and Tournament Theory: Empirical Tests on
Danish Data.” Journal of Labor Economics, 17(2): 262–280.
Lin, Ming-Jen (2008), “External Market Condition and Tournaments: Theory and Evidence”,
forthcoming, Economics Letters.
4.3 Piece rate
Lazear, Edward (1986), “Salaries and Piece Rates.” Journal of Business, 59(3):1346–1361.
Edward, Lazear (2000), “Performance Pay and Productivity.” American Economic Review
90(5):1346–1361.
Bandiera Oriana, Iwan Barankay, Imran Rasul (2005), “Social Preferences and the Response
to Incentives: Evidence from Personnel Data”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 120(3):
917-962.
5. Economics of Crime
Abortion
Levitt, Steven D. and John J. Donohue III (2001), “The Impact of Legalized Abortion on
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Crime,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 116(2): 379-420.
Pop-Eleches, Cristian (2006), “The Impact of an Abortion Ban on Socioeconomic Outcomes
Police:
of Children: Evidence from Romania,” Journal of Political Economy, 114(4): 744-773.
Levitt, Steve D.(1997), “Using Electoral Cycle in Police Hiring to Estimate the Effect of
Police on Crime,” American Economic Review, 87(3): 270-290.
McCray, Justin. E. (2002), “Using Electoral Cycle in Police Hiring to Estimate the Effect of
Police on Crime: Comment,” American Economic Review, 92(4): 1236-1243.
Levitt, Steve D. (2002), “Using Electoral Cycle in Police Hiring to Estimate the Effect of
Police on Crime: Reply, American Economic Review, 92(4): 1244-1250.
Lin, Ming-Jen (2006), “More Police, Less Crime,” minor revision, International Review of
Law and Economics.
Unemployment:
Lin, Ming-Jen (2008), “Does Unemployment Increase Crime? Evidence from US State Data
1971-2000,” forthcoming, Journal of Human Resource.
林明仁與劉仲偉 (2006),「失業真的會導致犯罪嗎?以台灣地區 1978 年至 2003 年縣市
Gang
資料為例,」《經濟論文叢刊》, 34(4): 445-483。
Levitt, Steven D. and Sudhir Alladi Venkatesh (2000), “An Economic Analysis of a Drug
Gun
Selling Gang's Finances,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 115(3): 755-789.
John R. Lott, Jr. and David B. Mustard (1997), “Crime, Deterrence and Right-to-Carry
Concealed Handguns,” Journal of Legal Studies, 26(1): 1-68.
Ludwig, Jens Otto (1998), “Concealed-Gun-Carrying Laws and Violent Crime: Evidence
from State Panel Data,” International Review of Law and Economics, 18(3): 239-254.
Duggan Mark (2001), “More Guns, More Crime,” Journal of Political Economy, 109(5):
14

1086-1114.
Levitt, Steven and Steve Dunber, Freakonomics, pp 130-134.
Democracy
Lin, Ming-Jen (2007), “Does Democracy Increase Crime? Evidence from International Data,”
Journal of Comparative Economics, 35(3): 467-483.
6. Experimental Economics
Steven D. Levitt and John A. List (2009), “Field Experiments in Economics: The Past, The
Present, and The Future”, European Economic Review, 53(1), pp 1-18.
List, John and Imran Rasul(2010), “Field Experiment in Labor Economics”, NBER working
Paper 16062.
List, Harrison, W. Glenn and John A. List (2004),“Field Experiments,”Journal of
Economic Literature, 42(4) : 1009-1055.
List, J.A., S. Sadoff, M. Wagner (2008), “So you want to run an experiment, now what? Some
Simple Rules of Thumb for Optimal Experimental Design”, NBER Working Paper
15701.
List, John A. (2004), “The Nature and Extent of Discrimination in the Marketplace: Evidence
from the Field,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 119(1): 49-89.
Gneezy, Uri, and John A. List (2006), “Putting Behavioral Economics to Work: Testing for
Gift Exchange in Labor Markets Using Field Experiments,” Econometrica, 74(5):
1365-1384.
List, John A. (2006), “The Behavioralist Meets the Market: Measuring Social Preferences and
Reputation Effects in Actual Transactions,” Journal of Political Economy, 114(1): 1-37.
List, John A (2003) “Does Market Experience Eliminate Market Anomalies?” Quarterly
Journal of Economics, 118(1): 41-71.
Gneezy, Uri, and John A. List, (2006), “Clean Evidence of Statistical Discrimination Against
the Physically Disabled in Product Markets: Evidence from a Field Experiment.”
15

(working paper)
Gneezy, Uri, John A. List, and Michael Price, (2006), “Sexual Orientation and Discrimination
in the Market for New Cars.” (working paper)
7. Gender Difference
7.1 Can Women be Good Scientists?
Some Background can be found at the following four posts at Becker-Posner Blog:
(1) Larry Summers and Women Scientists: Jan 30, 2005.
(2) The Summers Controversy and University Governance: Feb 27, 2005.
(3) Summers’ Resignation and University Governance: Feb 26, 2006.
(4) Summers' Resignation and Organization Theory: Feb 26, 2006.
Xie, Yu and Kimberlee A. Shauman (2005), Women in Science: Career Processes and
Outcomes, Harvard University Press.
7.2 Are Men over-confident?
Niederle, Muriel, and Lise Vesterlund (2007), “Do Women Shy away from Competition?
Do Men Compete too Much?,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 122(3): 1067-1101.
7.3 Do boys have lower grade than girls?
We will look at Taiwan’s Data on this topic.
8. How to write a term paper and thesis
Wayne C. Booth, Gregory G. Colomb, and Joseph M. Williams (2008), Crafts of Research, 3 rd
ed, University of Chicago Press.
Howard Becker (1998): Tricks of Trade, University of Chicago Press.
Howard Becker (2007): Writing for Social Scientist, 2 nd ed, University of Chicago Press.
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