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Electron Microscopy Solutions for NanoResearch - FEI Company

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10<br />

Key capabilities<br />

• Visualize<br />

The primary requirement <strong>for</strong> any microscope is certainly<br />

resolution. TEM manufacturers talk about two kinds of<br />

resolution: image resolution (or point resolution) that<br />

can be directly interpreted from an image, and the<br />

in<strong>for</strong>mation limit, the finest detail that can be trans-<br />

ferred by the optical system, though not directly observ-<br />

able because of lens aberrations. Aberration correctors<br />

bring image resolution down to the in<strong>for</strong>mation limit,<br />

making the full resolving power of the microscope<br />

directly observable in the images it produces.<br />

• Analyze<br />

Analytical resolution is often as important as imaging<br />

resolution. Analytical resolution (<strong>for</strong> energy loss spec-<br />

A heritage of innovation<br />

• DualBeam<br />

<strong>FEI</strong> invented the DualBeam, in which an SEM column<br />

is positioned to image the face of a cross section milled<br />

by a focused ion beam. Cross sections reveal subsurface<br />

structure and with automated “slice and view” routines<br />

can recreate three dimensional models from sequential<br />

slices.<br />

• ESEM<br />

<strong>FEI</strong> pioneered the ESEM (Environmental SEM) which<br />

permits direct observation of wet, contaminating, non-<br />

conductive samples.<br />

• Aberration correctors<br />

The Titan is the first TEM to be designed specifically<br />

<strong>for</strong> spherical aberration correctors, breaking once and<br />

<strong>for</strong> all the 1 Ångström barrier <strong>for</strong> directly interpretable<br />

image resolution..<br />

• Monochromator<br />

The Titan also incorporates monochromator technology<br />

to reduce chromatic aberrations and improve the energy<br />

resolution of electron energy loss spectrometry (EELS).<br />

troscopy) depends on the energy distribution of the<br />

beam and the spectrometer’s ability to resolve the<br />

energy of transmitted electrons.<br />

• Manipulate and control<br />

Ultimately we want to manipulate the sample on the<br />

nano-scale in an environment of our choosing. Ion<br />

beams can remove or deposit material with nano-scale<br />

precision. Specialized vacuum and detector technologies<br />

permit the use of non-high-vacuum environments that<br />

accommodate a wider range of samples and permit<br />

observations of samples in a natural or controlled<br />

experimental environment, and allow the introduction<br />

of selected gases that work with the electron or ion<br />

beam to modify the sample.<br />

• Tomography<br />

Automatically acquired rotational sequences of 2D<br />

TEM projections are mathematically combined into 3D<br />

models.<br />

• Gas chemistry<br />

Designer gases introduced into the ion or electron beam<br />

path can selectively accelerate material removal or<br />

deposition to create structure with nano-scale control.<br />

• Automation<br />

Automated setup, data acquisition, image processing,<br />

3D modeling, and compositional analysis vastly improve<br />

productivity and reliability, and reduce requirements <strong>for</strong><br />

operator training and expertise.

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