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Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology

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Identification flow charts<br />

Differentiation via Gram stains and cell morphology.<br />

Gram Stain & Morphological<br />

Flowchart<br />

Some Examples<br />

Gram Positive<br />

Cocci<br />

Bacilli<br />

Filamentous<br />

Round in clusters<br />

& tetrads:<br />

Staphylococcus<br />

Micrococcus<br />

Peptococcus<br />

Oval shape in<br />

Chains:<br />

Streptococcus<br />

Peptostreptococcus<br />

Enterococcus<br />

Club-shaped and/or in<br />

palisades:<br />

Corynebacterium<br />

Listeria<br />

Erysipelothrix<br />

Mycobacterium (Acid Fast)<br />

Propionobacterium<br />

Spore-bearing,<br />

large, uniform:<br />

Bacillus<br />

Clostridium<br />

Extensive<br />

branching:<br />

Actinomyces<br />

Arachnia<br />

Nocardia (partially<br />

acid-fast)<br />

Streptomyces<br />

Branching rudimentry<br />

or absent:<br />

Erysipelothrix<br />

Lactobacillus<br />

Eubacterium<br />

Gram Negative<br />

Cocci<br />

Bacilli<br />

Neisseria<br />

Veillonella<br />

Medium-sized<br />

cocco-bacillary:<br />

Acinetobacter<br />

Moraxella<br />

Tiny-coccobacillary:<br />

Brucella<br />

Bordetella<br />

Bacteroides<br />

Pleomorphic<br />

coccobacillary<br />

& filamentous:<br />

Haemophilus<br />

Bacteroides<br />

Pasteurella<br />

Francisella<br />

Actinobacillus<br />

Eikenella<br />

Cardiobacterium<br />

Flavobacterium<br />

Exaggerated<br />

pointed ends:<br />

Fusobacterium<br />

nucleatum<br />

Coiled &<br />

sphero-plastic:<br />

Streptobacillus<br />

Fusobacterium<br />

Curved,<br />

comma-shaped:<br />

Vibrio<br />

Campylobacter<br />

Spirillium<br />

Uniformly<br />

Bacillary:<br />

Enterobacteriaceae<br />

Pseudomonas<br />

Aeromonas<br />

Alcaligenes<br />

Chromobacterium<br />

2

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