UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, ABEOKUTA OGUN STATE ...

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Table 1. Surface soil particle size distribution (g/kg) and bulk density (g/cm 3 ) before planting rice in February 2001 in southwestern Nigeria a. Soil particle size distribution (4 composite samples) Sand Silt Clay Mean 828 134 38 Minimum 718 93 17 Maximum 872 228 53 Standard error 12.64 40 3 Mean Minimum Maximum Standard error No-tillage 1.30 0.68 1.76 0.10 Level tillage 1.38 0.81 1.76 0.09
Soil pH increased by 9% due to burning at the site (Tables 2a and 2b). However, the highest increase due to burning of fallow vegetation was observed with regard to extractable P while there was no change in exchangeable Mn content. Total nitrogen decreased. The unburned site (Table 2a) showed that the soil was inherently acidic and low in fertility. Soil organic carbon is low. The decrease of total nitrogen can be attributed to volatilization which could occur due to increase in soil pH caused by burning or by direct effect of burning (Brady and Weil, 1999). Burning of cleared vegetation is a common practice among farmers in the tropics. This practice leads to immediate improvement of soil fertility but it is not often sustainable as the improvement observed is lost after one year of cultivation (Kang et aI., 1997, Salako and Tian, 2001). Concentration ofN in the poultry manure was 27 g /kg, P was 113 glkg and K was 35 g/kg. For wetland rice production in Punjab, India, Singh et aI. (1987) reported that poultry manure that contained 18.5 glkg N and 18.1 glkg P was 80% efficient as urea N in terms of N uptake. Efficient use of N by crop in coarse-textured soil is important, as considerable N leaching can occur even with application of poultry manure (Sim , 1987). According to Sim (1987), tillage can encourage the utilization of N from poultry manure. Therefore, it is expected that nutrient stock at this study site would be improved by biomass burning and poultry manure application in spite of the coarse texture of the soil.
Page 1 and 2: UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, ABEOKUTA
Page 3 and 4: This project is dedicated to all fa
Page 5 and 6: 6 LIST OF TABLES Table Title Page I
Page 7 and 8: Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of th
Page 9 and 10: Shifting cultivation is the traditi
Page 11 and 12: 12 nations, manual tillage is pract
Page 13 and 14: 3.1. Study Area The study was condu
Page 15 and 16: A core sample which was 7 cm deep a
Page 17: Surface soil at the site was sandy
Page 21 and 22: Growth of upland rice was not signi
Page 23 and 24: Poultry manure application resulted
Page 25 and 26: Anderson, J. M and Ingram, J. S. L.
Page 27 and 28: 28 Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable
Page 29: 30 Tarawali, S. A., Peters, M. and

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