Human Development Report 2005 : Karnataka - United Nations ...

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Karnataka Human Development Report 2005 BOX 14.8 Dealing with dowry Beebamma is a member of a Stree Shakti SHG at Santhemagenahalli of Channapatna taluk, Bangalore Rural district. Her daughter was of marriageable age and she was worried that she would not be in a position to pay dowry. Her preoccupation with this issue prompted her to discuss it with the other members at an SHG meeting. The members understood her situation and decided to fi nd a solution. In this process they discovered that another member, Putteeramma, had a son of the right age. They proposed that the two women could negotiate an alliance. This worked out and soon the wedding was celebrated without any dowry being involved, only the wedding expenses for which Beebamma was granted a loan of Rs.5,000 from her SHG. The SHG members narrated this, not only as an example of helping one another, but also as a demonstration of the usefulness of open and meaningful discussions at SHG meetings. Dowry, it may be noted, is legally prohibited. The group acted responsibly to curb this evil. Source: MYRADA (2002) and Stree Shakti Case Study, DWCD, 2004. consciously focuses on success stories and best practices. The reality is that many SHGs are unable to survive in times of natural or personal calamity. Savings drop when there is drought, which affects income and leads to migration. Many Stree Shakti SHGs became defunct during the drought that affected the state three years in a row from 2001 onwards. There is sometimes an internal confl ict between donor-driven project goals i.e. fi nancial viability of an SHG and the larger theme of empowerment, especially in women’s SHGs. SHGs have been known to replicate the social relations of their environment, with poorer SHGs unable to compete for credit with the more viable ones. These issues must be recognised and addressed if we are to upscale the concept as a signifi cant poverty reduction and social empowerment tool. Issues taken up Anti-child marriage Anti-dowry Anti-domestic violence Pro-girls’ education Any other TABLE 14.13 Stree Shakti SHGs: Involvement in social activities Total SHGs interviewed 65 SHGs from 13 districts of which 5 aged less than 2 years and 60 aged above 2 years Source: Page 19, Table-13, Stree Shakti Self-Help Groups – Basic Quality Assessment: A Study commissioned by the Department of Women and Child Development, Karnataka, and carried out by MYRADA in October 2003. Notes: 1. In the case of girl child education, though only few SHGs have taken it up as an issue of public concern, all the interviewed SHGs said that in their own groups they tried to ensure that all members with girls in the school-going age members sent their daughters to school. 2. Any other includes village water, street lights, road and drain cleaning, mobilising social security for the disabled and widows, contributing money for charitable and community development purposes. BOX 14.9 The SHG that evolved into a CSO In Neelanahalli village of Davangere district, a Stree Shakti SHG, Adishakti Mahila Sangha, won the Best SHG Award from the state government last year. Group lending has helped members take up a number of income generating activities. In addition to their own saving, the SHG has taken loans of Rs.2,80,000 from the State Bank of India, Davangere under the SHG-Bank Linkage Programme and Rs.1,25,000 under the SGSY Programme. But most importantly, the group has raised its voice against alcoholism, dowry and child marriage. Looking beyond the needs of its own members, it has also organised veterinary camps where all villagers can bring their animals for treatment. Its most important community contribution so far has been in resolving the drinking water problem in the village. The group contributed Rs.11,000 from its own funds towards the Government of India’s Swajaldhara Water Project, as a result of which the village was enabled to augment its drinking water supply. This SHG has steadily grown into a vital civil society organisation. Source: MYRADA (2002) and Stree Shakti Case Study, DWCD, 2004. 303
Self-Help Groups: Empowerment Through Participation Recommendations Given the effectiveness of SHGs in reducing poverty and building capacity of members, this strategy must now move into areas such as the development of the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes and Minorities. It is very important for programmes using the SHG strategy to have clarity about objectives. Too many objectives are unrealistic. Fuzzy defi nitions of objectives mean that they may fall by the wayside. Objectives relating to empowerment must be clearly defi ned and then supported by appropriate interventions. Given the low levels of community and political participation by members, this aspect must be strengthened since SHG members usually are people who are voiceless in the community. Training programmes for Panchayat members should also build capacity in CSOs such as SHGs. This process will enable the emergence of a more vibrant civil society. 304
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KARNATAKA HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT
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© Copyright 2006 Government of Kar
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Message It is indeed appropriate th
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9. Dr. Malati Das Chief Secretary,
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Acknowledgements The preparation of
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Acknowledgements K. Shankar Rao, Se
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List of Participants Regional Works
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List of Participants Manasagangothr
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Contents Abbreviations Introduction
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Box 5.2 Monitorable targets in the
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Table 4.5 Estimates of Net District
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Table 8.7 Agricultural wages of rur
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Abbreviations ABER : Annual Blood E
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Abbreviations INS : Indian Naval Se
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Abbreviations SDP : State Domestic
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Introduction primarily on public sp
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Karnataka: An Overview
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CHAPTER 1 Karnataka Human Developme
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Karnataka Human Development Report
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Human Development in Karnataka
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Income, Employment and Poverty
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CHAPTER 4 Income, Employment and Po
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Household type Karnataka Human Deve
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TABLE 4.7 Agricultural wages for me
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2.64 per cent per annum) and to 23.
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Concerns Comparable with all-
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Literacy and Education
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Literacy and Education do not have
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Literacy and Education TABLE 5.2 Li
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Literacy and Education The lowest g
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Literacy and Education BOX 5.4 Obje
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Literacy and Education BOX 5.6 Invo
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Literacy and Education % of girls
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Literacy and Education BOX 5.9 How
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Literacy and Education Girls’ edu
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Literacy and Education Given the do
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Literacy and Education The enrolmen
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- ‘hard’ factors such as infras
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CHAPTER 6 Demography, Health and Nu
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CHAPTER 7 Housing, Water Supply and
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TABLE 7.2 Houses constructed under
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Gender and Human Development
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Gender and Human Development Despit
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Gender and Human Development BOX 8.
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Gender and Human Development TABLE
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Gender and Human Development In bot
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Gender and Human Development Human
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Gender and Human Development It is
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Gender and Human Development The re
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Gender and Human Development (Table
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Gender and Human Development Assess
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Gender and Human Development needs
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Gender and Human Development Schedu
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Gender and Human Development FIGURE
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Gender and Human Development differ
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Gender and Human Development FIGURE
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Gender and Human Development violen
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CHAPTER 9 Status of Scheduled Caste
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Sl. No. Districts Karnataka Human D
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and allied activities and less from
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CHAPTER 10 Status of Scheduled Trib
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Page 273 and 274: Karnataka Human Development Report
Page 277 and 278: Their literacy rate is the lowest f
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Page 285 and 286: for water supply are meagre and in
Page 289 and 290: Further, there is a need to ensure
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Page 301 and 302: CHAPTER 13 Voluntarism and NGOs Int
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Page 309 and 310: Self-Help Groups: Empowerment Throu
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Page 329 and 330: for allocations to human developmen
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Technical Note - Computing Indices
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Glossary (Statistical Terms) 1. Bir
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Glossary (Statistical Terms) 27. Wo
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Glossary (Regional Terms) Indira Ma
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References Alex Tuscano (1999), “
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References ___, (2001), National St
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References ___, Finance Department,
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References Kanbargi Ramesh, (2002),
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References Rayappa P H and Sekhar T
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