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Figure 4 Percentage <strong>of</strong> practitioners<br />

60<br />

50<br />

48.3<br />

% <strong>of</strong> authors<br />

40<br />

30<br />

20<br />

10<br />

0<br />

28.6<br />

36.4<br />

27.0<br />

26.1<br />

29.3<br />

23.8<br />

22.3<br />

15.3<br />

21.1 12.8 10.1<br />

16.2<br />

12.2<br />

10.5<br />

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008<br />

Year<br />

Table II Country productivity ranking (equal credit method)<br />

Rank Country Score<br />

1 USA 465.66<br />

2 UK 390.44<br />

3 Australia 178.60<br />

4 Spain 106.72<br />

5 Canada 94.25<br />

6 Germany 74.88<br />

7 Finl<strong>and</strong> 63.42<br />

8 Sweden 63.00<br />

9 The Netherl<strong>and</strong>s 60.17<br />

10 Italy 46.50<br />

11 Greece 46.33<br />

12 Denmark 40.25<br />

13 Taiwan 33.10<br />

14 India 32.58<br />

15 France 30.07<br />

16 New Zeal<strong>and</strong> 28.75<br />

17 Malaysia 26.58<br />

17 Singapore 26.58<br />

19 Norway 24.58<br />

20 Japan 23.42<br />

21 Irel<strong>and</strong> 22.33<br />

22 Austria 20.33<br />

23 Hong Kong 19.47<br />

24 Switzerl<strong>and</strong> 18.92<br />

25 Israel 17.60<br />

26 Brazil 14.17<br />

27 South Korea 13.75<br />

28 Belgium 12.02<br />

29 Portugal 10.42<br />

30 South Africa 10.33<br />

Sweden, The Netherl<strong>and</strong>s <strong>and</strong> Greece, is also ac<strong>knowledge</strong>d. It is noted that the research<br />

outputs <strong>of</strong> Taiwan (33.10) or Hong Kong (19.47) exceeded that <strong>of</strong> China (9.00).<br />

Out <strong>of</strong> all 73 countries identified, 45 that had total productivity scores <strong>of</strong> at least 3 points were<br />

selected. For them, the Spearman’s correlation between the productivity scores <strong>and</strong> their<br />

2008 GDP per capita was calculated (r ¼ 0:597, p , 0:000).<br />

In total, 1,450 unique institutions were identified. Out <strong>of</strong> them, there were 955 <strong>and</strong> 455<br />

academic <strong>and</strong> non-academic organizations, respectively. Table III presents the list <strong>of</strong><br />

leading KM/IC institutions. The top five were:<br />

PAGE 12j j JOURNAL OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT VOL. 14 NO. 1 2010

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