Grammar Presentation: Punctuation - Student Development Services

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Comma: 3 Comma before ‘and’ is optional, unless needed for clarity Example: Snakes and ladders, hide and seek, and tag are Jim’s favourite games. However, there is controversy over using a comma before the ‘and’ separating the final item. It should be considered optional, although with all grammar quirks of this ilk, you should be consistent with your usage. There is no doubt, however, when the comma aids in improving the clarity of a sentence, as is the case with this example. Without the comma, the reader may be unsure how the items of the list might be separated. 8
Comma: 4 Setting off non-restrictive elements Example: The sample, which contained sulfur, did not react. To begin, the fundamental argument of Freud... Exception for short sentences: Then it started. Non-restrictive elements are additional descriptive elements written to be separate from the content of a sentence. We usually use commas to separate these elements. Within a sentence the non-restrictive element is grouped using commas, and at the beginning of the sentence, the element receives a comma before launching into the main content of the sentence. Not everyone uses commas in these cases, even more frequently when the sentence is short. 9
Page 1 and 2: Grammar Presentation: Punctuation G
Page 3 and 4: Punctuation Verbal English has many
Page 5 and 6: Comma: 1 Joining independent clause
Page 7: Comma: 3 Separating items in a seri
Page 11 and 12: The Semicolon: 1 Joining independen
Page 13 and 14: The Colon ( : ) Big pause Completel
Page 15 and 16: The Colon: 1 If what follows the co
Page 17 and 18: The Colon: 2 Example: • The follo
Page 19 and 20: The Apostrophe: 1 Used in contracti
Page 21: Apostrophe: 2 Rule of thumb: If you

Grammar Presentation: Punctuation - Student Development Services

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