Quantum Hall Effect in Graphene
Quantum Hall Effect in Graphene
Quantum Hall Effect in Graphene
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Quantization Of Dirac Fermions<br />
The prefactor 4 reflects the two-fold sp<strong>in</strong> and two-fold valley<br />
degeneracy <strong>in</strong> the <strong>Graphene</strong> band structure, while the “shift” of 1/2<br />
orig<strong>in</strong>ates from the Berry phase due to the pseudosp<strong>in</strong> (or valley)<br />
precession when a massless (and thus chiral) Dirac particle<br />
exercises cyclotron motion.
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