IARA Vol. XXV No. 1 Year. 2008 (pdf, 1000 kb) - Pustaka Deptan

Vol. 25, No. 1, 2008
Indonesian Agricultural Research Abstracts
Therefore, it can be concluded that to obtain the optimum growth and the highest production it needed 75-
100% (FC) water availability, while for high patchouli alcohol content, it needed buzer the water
availability, i.e. 25-50% (FC).
011 NAJAMUDDIN, A.
Evaluasi ekonomi beberapa varietas dan populasi tanaman jagung untuk produksi biomas segar.
[Economic evaluation of maize varieties and plant population for fresh biomass
production]/Najamuddin, A.; Akil, M.; Maamun, M.Y. (Balai Penelitian Tanaman Serealia, Maros
(Indonesia)) 10 tables; 12 ref. Summaries (En, In). Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan (Indonesia)
ISSN 0216-9959 (2005) v. 24(1): p. 19-26.
ZEA MAYS; VARIETIES; PLANT POPULATION; PRODUCTION; BIOMASS; ECONOMIC
ANALYSIS; ANIMAL FEEDING.
An experiment was conducted in 2003 at Takalar, South Sulawesi, to evaluate the effect of maize varieties
and plant population on fresh biomass production. The experiment was designed in a split plot design with
three replications. The main plots were three levels of plant populations (66,667; 133,333; and 200,000
plants/ha), while the subplots were five maize varieties (Bima-1, Semar-10, Lamuru, Sukmaraga, and Bisi-
2). The plants were fertilized at the rate of 350 kg urea, 200 kg SP36 and 100 kg KCl/ha. The maize plants
were harvested at 60, 65, and 70 days after planting (DAP) to produce fresh biomass. Economic analyses
showed that plants of Bima-1 with a population 200,000 plants/ha, which were harvested at 60 DAP,
produced the highest fresh biomass (44.7 t/ha) among other varieties. At this production level with a price
of fresh-biomass Rp 60/kg, the net profit gained was Rp 358,000/ha. Postponement of the harvest time to
65 DAP on variety Bima-1 at population 200,000 plants/ha produced 82.5 t/ha fresh biomass with a net
return Rp 2,626,000/ha and R/C ratio 2.13. Biomass harvest at 70 DAP reduced the net profit to Rp
1,400,000/ha. This achievement was followed by those of Semar-10 and Lamuru varieties. At 70 DAP,
Lamuru at a plant population 200,000 plants/ha gave the highest fresh biomass (71.1 t/ha) and a net return
Rp 2.1 million/ha, and R/C ratio 2.00, followed by Semar-10 and Bima-1. Planting maize for fresh
biomass production was more profitable than that for grain.
012 PRAWOTO, A.A.
Kajian agronomis, ekologis dan ekonomis terhadap konversi budi daya kakao anorganik ke organik.
[Agronomical, ecological and economical study of the conversion of inorganic to organic cocoa
cultivation]/Prawoto, A.A. (Pusat Penelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia, Jember (Indonesia)) 14 tables; 18
ref. Summaries (En, In). Pelita Perkebunan (Indonesia) ISSN 0215-0212 (2003) v. 19(3): p. 104-125.
THEOBROMA CACAO; CULTIVATION; ORGANIC AGRICULTURE; SOIL MOISTURE
CONTENT; ORGANIC FERTILIZERS; INORGANIC FERTILIZERS; PESTICIDES; RESIDUES;
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS.
Market opportunity of organic product is prospective, rate of organic trade in European Union is twice
than that of inorganic product. Trend of consumers to health and uncontaminated product and produced by
sustainable system is increasing. A study of cocoa organic cultivation had been conducted since the end of
2000 at Kaliwining Experimental Station, Jember. Elevation of the study area is 45 m asl, rainfall type D
(Schmidt and Ferguson), and soil type Regosols. The planting material was hybrid of ICS 60 X Sca 6, 10
years old, using planting distance 3 m x 3 m. Three types of cultivation methods were: utilizing dung,
organic filter press cake and conventional (control), arranged by demo-plot design. The organic area was
cultivated without pesticides (inorganic fertilizer). For control area, the cultivation used pesticides,
inorganic fertilizer but without organic fertilizer. After three years, the result showed that application of
organic fertilizer annually improved total C and N soil and the conservation of nitrogen and water was
better. Cocoa performance was better, Forcipomyia population especially during dry season was higher
than control, VSD infection was lower but Helopeltis infestation was not different compared to control.
Pod yield improved 78% for filter press cake treatment, and 30% for dung treatment, though bean size
tended to be smaller. Based on the similar postharvest processing, flavor of cocoa organic treatment was
nutty but the inorganic one gave medium-high acidity. Pesticide residue was absent both in inorganic and
organic beans. Organic cultivation did not affect butter content. Based on the direct inputs, filter press
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