for successful aging in place in elderly housing - ENHR 2007 ...

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For successful aging in place in elderly housing: Factors influencing subjective well-being of the elderly housing residents of Denmark Correlation and regression analyses Simple correlation Simple correlation among each factors with subjective well-being is shown in most right column in table XIII . Age and economic condition shows significantly effective relation with well-being as previous research has pointed out. The relationship with children, frequency of talk on phone, was not associated positively with well-being. Through simple correlation, the strongest factor for subjective well-being is independent attitude from medical care and security feeling for aging in place and age. The second group is association with other residents in the house and in the community and conversation with some by getting out of the house. But, we got next results through regression analyses by controlling influence each factors. Multi-variable regression analyses Multi-variable regression analyses, using p < .01, P < .05, P < .1 as the entrance and removal criterion, showed the new results. Age or economic condition and behavioral competence had not so important influence on subjective well-being, the less anxiety forward aging in place was the most effective factor of subjective well-being. Satisfaction with the house and extrovert attitude and actions and independent attitude from medical care were the key factor of well-being. XIII. Correlation among the factors with subjective well-being by regression (Denmark) Factors Ist STEP 2 nd STEP 3 rd STEP Simple Profile and physical condition Social condition Factors derived from interview correlation age -.372*** -.324*** -.160 -.415** Economic condition -.294** -.284** -.080 .273* Behavioral competence -.178 -242* -.182 .286* Relation with their children .027 .056 .049 (frequency of phone) Association with other -.126 .107 -.348** residents (friends) Association in the community -.083 -.107 -.364** ( chattering) Satisfaction of the house -.288*** -.105 Anxiety for aging in place .380*** .425** Self-efficacy of doing things -.034 .151 by myself Independent attitude from .265** .438** medical care Feeling of security in -.080 -.129 emergency Extroversion and actions -276** -.255* No conversation in day time 206* .355** real wants to live with their .000 .238* children R2 .529*** .625*** .643*** ***.01 **.05 *.1 Workshop: 3 The residential Context of Health Author: Yoko Matsuoka 9
For successful aging in place in elderly housing: Factors influencing subjective well-being of the elderly housing residents of Denmark 6. Findings High satisfaction with whole life especially with the house The research has found out high satisfaction with whole life among Danish elderly housing residents. They seldom expressed unsatisfied feeling with anything. Especially, satisfaction with the house was significantly high. 1) High satisfaction with economic condition Good income condition is regarded as important factor for good life in old age. The author recognized that almost two out of three were satisfied with their income more or less and none have unsatisfied feeling. But this factor does not has significant influence on well-being. 2) Good relationship with their children and the residents and in the community 16.4% are talking with their children everyday by phone, and 56% do this several times a week. They do not live together, but keep good relationship by talking and visiting frequently. The reason why they keep good relationship may come from living separately. Good relationship with the residents and the people in the community were found out as feature of Danish elderly residents in elderly housing. 3) Significantly high satisfaction with the housing condition 96.8% (almost 100%) are satisfied with the housing condition. Relatively, the figure of this in Japan was 52.0 % in same survey. And this satisfaction relate significantly and positively to high well-being . Dearest wish for aging in place and less anxiety over it Generally speaking, most elderly want to age in place (Lawton, 1985; Ivry, 1995; Ball 2004). This survey revealed that especially Danish older people have strong tendency of this wish. At the same time, they believe possibility of aging in place by utilizing communitybased 24 hours care. The reason why they believe in their own aging in place can be assumed to come from complete community-based 24 hours care system in each municipalities. Interestingly to say, this factor related to subjective well-being most strongly. Strongest factors influencing subjective well-being The correlation and regression analyses found out less anxiety about aging in place (possibility of residential continuation) as the most strong factor influencing subjective wellbeing, and satisfaction with the house, extroversions and actions and independent attitude from medical care as send strongest. As the quantitative survey made clear, satisfaction with the house contains three concepts, mastery feeling of the house, the supportive layout for independent life, convenient location to help independent life. 7. Discussion This study profiled the factors influencing subjective well-being of elderly housing residents of Denmark which is one the most well secured welfare society. What the findings suggest is demonstrated in three as below. Active factor vs passive factor : Not antinomy but hierarchical approach The author has focused on active aspect of Danish older people and taken the methodology of dualism following the concept of “Elderly as living human independently” which was reported by “Ældre Kommissionen” in 1980. This study, however, showed that Danish elderly feel satisfied and high well-being with secured condition with round-clock community-based care and their living environment. Activeness and security is not antinomy that they are contradicting each other but have a hierarchical construction. Actually, selfefficacy of doing things by myself (activeness) have slight positive correlation ( r = .222, P < 01) with less anxiety about aging in place. They can be active with feeling security. Workshop: 3 The residential Context of Health Author: Yoko Matsuoka 10
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