Introduction to Heavy Ion Physics

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8-th Summer School on Nuclear Physics, 3-12/07/12 6 The Standard Model and QCD • strong interaction: • binds quarks into hadrons • binds nucleons into nuclei beauty • described by QCD: • interaction between particles carrying colour charge (quarks, gluons) • mediated by strong force carriers (gluons) • very successful theory • jet production • particle production at high p T • heavy flavour production • … • … but with outstanding puzzles
8-th Summer School on Nuclear Physics, 3-12/07/12 7 Two puzzles in QCD: i) hadron masses • A proton is thought to be made of two u and one d quarks • The sum of their masses is around 12 MeV beauty • ... but the proton mass is 938 MeV! • how is the extra mass generated?
Page 1 and 2: Introduction to Heavy Ion Physics P
Page 3 and 4: Two puzzles in QCD
Page 5: 8-th Summer School on Nuclear Physi
Page 9 and 10: Lattice QCD • rigorous way of doi
Page 11 and 12: 8-th Summer School on Nuclear Physi
Page 13 and 14: Measurements with telescopes Evolut
Page 17 and 18: A Pb-Pb collision at the LHC 8-th S
Page 19 and 20: Nuclear geometry and hard processes
Page 21 and 22: Glauber test at LHC: Scaling of dir
Page 23 and 24: Particle multiplicity most central
Page 25 and 26: Bjorken’s formula • To evaluate
Page 27 and 28: HBT interferometry R out from RHIC
Page 29 and 30: Historic QGP predictions • restor
Page 31 and 32: Strangeness enhancement at the SPS
Page 33 and 34: Chemical Equilibrium Thermal Fits C
Page 35 and 36: Chemical equilibrium @ RHIC • The
Page 37 and 38: Particle correlations
Page 43 and 44: Fluctuations v 3 Matt Luzum (QM 20
Page 47 and 48: Participants Scaling vs Binary Scal
Page 49 and 50: High p T suppression: R AA at RHIC
Page 51 and 52: Suppression vs event plane • sign
Page 53 and 54: Baryon puzzle @ RHIC • Central Au
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8-th Summer School on Nuclear Physi
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Quarkonia
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dN/dp Charmonium suppression 1. Ord
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J/ψ @ LHC: high p T • LHC: |y| <
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High p T Probes of the Matter: Jet
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dN/d dN/dp Jets 2. Quark matter Fra
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Jet fragmentation function • dist
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Heavy flavors
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How much beauty? [M. Cacciari et al
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Conclusions • Pre-SPS and SPS stu
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Backup slides 8-th Summer School on
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Transverse variables • Transverse
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• Invariant cross-section: E 3 d
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Introduction to Heavy Ion Physics

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