Section 894 Fencing

Section 894—Fencing
894.1 General Description
This section includes the requirements for the following types of fence and fencing accessories:
Chain link fence
Woven wire fence
Barbed wire
Ground rods
Field fencing
Silt fabric fencing
894.1.01 Related References
A. Standard Specifications
Section 862—Wood Posts and Bracing
Section 881—Fabrics
B. Referenced Documents
ASTM
AASHTO
A 116
A 392
A 817
M 181
A 121
A 491
A 824
A 123/ A 123 M
A 584
F 626
A 153/ A 153M
A 585
F 1043
A 239
A 702
F 1083
894.2 Materials
894.2.01 Chain Link Fence
A. Requirements
Ensure that zinc or aluminum coated steel fabric, fittings, accessories, and posts for chain link fence meet the following
requirements.
1. Fence Fabric
Use woven wire with reasonably uniform 2 in (50 mm) square mesh. Ensure that the mesh has parallel sides and
horizontal and vertical diagonals of uniform dimensions. Use the wire size specified on the Plans or in the Proposal.
a. Zinc Coated: Use steel fabric that meets the requirements of ASTM A 392. Ensure that the wire and hot-dip
coating meet the requirements of ASTM A 817 Type II, Class 1.
b. Aluminum Coated: Use steel fabric that meets the requirements of ASTM A 491. Ensure the wire and coating
meets the requirements of ASTM A 817, Type I.
2. Fittings and Accessories
a. Tension Wire: Use wire that meets the requirements of ASTM A 824 Type I for aluminum coated fabric, or
Type II, Class 2 for hot-dipped, zinc-coated fabric.
b. Fittings: Use fittings that meet the requirements of ASTM F 626.
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Section 894—Fencing
1) Ensure fittings or accessories not included in ASTM F 626 meet industry standards for heavy, industrialtype
fences.
2) Hot-dip the materials in zinc with at least 1.2 oz./ft² (365 g/m²) of surface area. If applicable, you may
make the materials from Aluminum Alloy 360, die-cast, or Sand Alloy 356, ZG61A, or Tenzalloy.
3) Use bolts and nuts that meet industry standards and are zinc coated with the hot-dip process according to
ASTM A 153/A 153 M.
3. Posts, Rails, and Braces
Use posts, rails, and braces that meet the requirements of ASTM F 1043, Table 2, Group IA, IC, II, or III..
a. Group IA, II, and III posts to be used with zinc coated or aluminum coated chain link fence shall meet the
coating requirements of ASTM F 1083.
b. Group IC posts to be used with zinc coated or aluminum coated chain link fence shall be coated according to
AASHTO M 181 Section 32.3.
c. Check the Plans for specifications on posts used for special applications. Use special posts that meet the
requirements of ASTM F 1083 or are approved by the Office of Materials and Research.
4. Gates
Use support posts and gate frames as designated on the Construction Detail or Project Plans. Use gate materials that
meet the requirements of Subsection 894.2.01.A.3.
B. Fabrication
a. Use the same coating requirements as for the fence posts. Coat gate frames after completing all welding.
b. Use fittings and hinges that meet the requirements of Subsection 894.2.01.A.2.b.
Ensure that the chain link fence fabric is produced by recognized, good commercial practices.
1. Apply the zinc or aluminum coating to the fabric in a continuous process. Do not apply in roll form.
2. Carefully inspect the coated fabric visually, both before and after weaving, to determine the coating quality.
C. Acceptance
The Department will reject chain link fabric that has excessive roughness, blisters, sal ammoniac spots, bruises, flaking,
bare spots, or other obvious defects to any considerable extent.
D. Materials Warranty
General Provisions 101 through 150.
894.2.02 Woven Wire Fence
A. Requirements
1. Fabric
Use fabric that meets the requirements of ASTM A 116, Design Number 1047-6-11, with Class 3 coating.
a. Ensure that the galvanizing is uniform.
b. Ensure that less than 5 percent of the joints are deficient in zinc coating, as determined by ASTM A 239.
c. You may use aluminum coated steel that meets the requirements of ASTM A 584, Design Number 1047-6-11,
for the woven wire fence fabric.
2. Posts
Use steel or wood posts of the sizes shown on the Plans.
a. Use wood posts that meet the requirements of Subsection 862.2.01.
b. Use steel posts and bracing that meet the requirements of ASTM A 702. Galvanize posts and braces with the
hot-dip method according to ASTM A 123/A 123M.
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Section 894—Fencing
3. Certification
Furnish a certification to the Engineer from the manufacturer that shows the physical properties of the materials.
4. Accessories
Galvanize the following accessories according to ASTM A 153/ A 153M. Use 0.80 oz./ft² (245 g/m²) as the
galvanizing minimum. Galvanize other accessories as necessary or specified on the Plans.
a. Wire Fasteners: Use fasteners that meet the requirements of ASTM A 702.
b. Tension Wire: Use No. 11 gauge wire.
c. Staples: Use No. 9 gauge staples 1-1/2 in (38 mm) long.
d. Nails: Use 1 in (25 mm) roofing nails to fasten metal caps to wooden posts.
5. Gates
B. Fabrication
Use support posts and gate frames of the size designated on the Construction Detail or Project Plans.
a. Use a frame that is an all welded unit. Ensure that the gate is galvanized after welding with 2 oz./ft² (610 g/m²)
of spelter coating.
b. Use hinges, latches, and other accessories of good commercial quality that are coated as in
Subsection 894.2.02.A.4.
1. Ensure that the woven wire fence fabric is produced by methods recognized as good commercial practices.
2. Carefully inspect the galvanized fabric to determine the zinc coating quality.
C. Acceptance
The Department will reject woven wire fabric that has excessive roughness, blisters, sal ammoniac spots, bruises,
flaking, bare spots, or other obvious defects to any considerable extent.
D. Materials Warranty
General Provisions 101 through 150.
894.2.03 Barbed Wire
A. Requirements
1. Galvanized Steel Barbed Wire
Use wire that meets the requirements of ASTM A 121 and has a Class 3 zinc coating.
2. Aluminum Coated Steel Barbed Wire
Use wire that meets the requirements of ASTM A 585.
3. Posts
B. Fabrication
Use posts as specified in Subsection 894.2.02.A.2 for barbed wire fence.
General Provisions 101 through 150.
C. Acceptance
General Provisions 101 through 150.
D. Materials Warranty
General Provisions 101 through 150.
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Section 894—Fencing
894.2.04 Ground Rods
A. Requirements
1. Use ground rods that are 9/16 to 5/8 in (14 to 16 mm) diameter and at least 8 ft (2.4 m) long, unless otherwise shown
on the Plans.
2. Ensure that the ground rods are galvanized steel with a minimum coating of 2 oz./ft² (610 g/m²) according to the
requirements of ASTM A 153/ A 153M.
B. Fabrication
General Provisions 101 through 150.
C. Acceptance
General Provisions 101 through 150.
D. Materials Warranty
General Provisions 101 through 150.
894.2.05 Field Fencing (Woven Wire and Barbed Wire)
A. Requirements
1. Definition
Field fencing designates replacement fencing outside the Right of Way or temporary fencing inside the Right of
Way, provided you do not reuse the materials for permanent fencing inside the Right of Way.
2. Fence fabric
Use woven wire fabric that meets the requirements of ASTM A 116 Design No. 939-6-12-1/2, and has a Class I
coating, unless otherwise designated.
3. Barbed wire
Use wire that meets the requirements of ASTM A 121 and has a Class I coating. Use the same number of barbed
wire strands as the existing or replaced fence, or as specified in the Plans.
4. Posts
Use either galvanized steel, painted steel, or treated timber of the dimensions and spacing shown on the Construction
Detail or Plans.
5. Gates
Use posts, frame material, hinges, and fittings of acceptable commercial quality. Get approval from the Engineer
before use.
6. Use the Special Plan Details and/or Special Provisions for any special design of the field fence.
B. Fabrication
General Provisions 101 through 150.
C. Acceptance
1. Get approval from the Engineer for all materials. Ensure that the materials are of an acceptable commercial quality
and are equivalent in quality to the fence being replaced or to the existing fence, as applicable.
2. Do not send materials to the laboratory unless requested by the Engineer or required by the Plans.
D. Materials Warranty
General Provisions 101 through 150.
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Section 894—Fencing
894.2.06 Silt Fabric Fencing
A. Requirements
1. Fabric
a. See Subsection 881.2.07, “Silt Fence Filter Fabric,” for the types of fabric available.
b. Use a woven wire support fence with Type “C” fence.
2. Posts
1) Ensure that the wire fence fabric is at least 32 in (810 mm) high with at least 6 horizontal wires.
2) Ensure that the vertical wires have a maximum spacing of 12 in (155 mm).
3) Ensure that the top and bottom wires are at least 10 gauge (2.49 mm) and all other wires are at least 12-1/2
gauge (2.03 mm).
4) You may use other designs subject to approval by the Office of Materials and Research.
Use post sizes and types as determined by the type of fence being installed. Generally hardwood posts will be
limited to ash, hickory, or oak. Other hardwoods may be acceptable if approved by the Office of Materials and
Research.
a. Type “A” Fence: Use either wood or steel posts that are at least 4 ft (1.2 m) long.
1) If using soft wood, use posts that are at least 3 in (75 mm) in diameter or nominal 2 x 4 in (33 x 89 mm)
and straight enough to provide a fence without noticeable misalignment.
2) If using hardwood, use posts that are 1-1/2 x 1-1/2 in (38 x 38 mm) with a minus tolerance of 1/4 in (6 mm)
providing the cross sectional area is at least 2.25 in² (1440 mm²).
3) If using steel, use posts that are “U,” “T,” or “C” shaped with a minimum weight of 1.15 lb/ft (1.7 kg/m),
and have projections for fastening the fence to the posts.
b. Type “B” Fence: Use either wood or steel posts that are at least 3 ft (900 mm) long.
1) If using soft wood, use posts that are at least 2 in (50 mm) in diameter or nominal 2 x 2 in (33 x 33 mm).
2) If using hardwood, use posts that are 1 x 1 in (25 x 25 mm) with a minus tolerance of 1/ 4 in (6 mm)
providing the cross sectional area is a minimum of 1 in² (625 mm²).
3) If using steel posts, use types “U,” “T,” or “C” shapes with a minimum weight of 0.75 lb/ft (1.1 kg/m).
c. Type “C” Fence: Use only steel posts that are at least 5 ft (1.5 m). Use “U,” “T,” or “C” shaped posts with a
minimum weight of 1.15 lb/ft (1.7 kg/m). Use posts that have projections for fastening the woven wire and filter
fabric.
NOTE: You must use woven wire to provide extra support for Type “C” fence installations.
3. Fasteners for Wooden Posts
B. Fabrication
a. Wire Staples: Use staples that are at least 17 gauge (1.37 mm), legs at least 1/2 in (13 mm) long, and a crown at
least 3/4 in (19 mm) wide.
b. Nails: Use nails that are at least 14 gauge (2.03 mm), 1 in (25 mm) long, with button heads of at least 3/4 in
(19 mm).
General Provisions 101 through 150.
C. Acceptance
General Provisions 101 through 150.
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Section 894—Fencing
D. Materials Warranty
General Provisions 101 through 150.
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