Quantum physics (quantum theory, quantum mechanics)

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$~\'/d: v - FSU Physics Department$

Outline “Quantum mechanics” • Schrödinger’s wave equation • Heisenberg’s matrix mechanics more on photons • Compton scattering • Double slit experiment double slit experiment with photons and matter particles • interpretation • Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics spin of the electron • Stern-Gerlach experiment • spin hypothesis (Goudsmit, Uhlenbeck) Summary 4
QUANTUM MECHANICS new kind of physics based on synthesis of dual nature of waves and particles; developed in 1920's and 1930's. • Schrödinger’s “wave mechanics” (Erwin Schrödinger, 1925) o Schrödinger equation is a differential equation for matter waves; basically a formulation of energy conservation. o its solution called “wave function”, usually denoted by ; o |(x)| 2 gives the probability of finding the particle at x; o applied to the hydrogen atom, the Schrödinger equation gives the same energy levels as those obtained from the Bohr model; o the most probable orbits are those predicted by the Bohr model; o but probability instead of Newtonian certainty! 5
Page 1 and 2: Quantum physics (quantum theory, qu
Page 3: Homework from 2 nd lecture Calcula
Page 7 and 8: Uncertainty principle • Uncertain
Page 9 and 10: Quantum Mechanics of the Hydrogen A
Page 11 and 12: Multi-electron Atoms Similar quantu
Page 13 and 14: Photon properties Relativistic rel
Page 15 and 16: Compton (1923) measured intensity o
Page 17 and 18: Before Incoming photon p Compton s
Page 19 and 20: WAVE-PARTICLE DUALITY OF LIGHT Ein
Page 21 and 22: Fringe spacing in double slit exper
Page 23 and 24: Double slit experiment: low intensi
Page 25 and 26: Double slit experiment - QM interpr
Page 27 and 28: double slit expt., wave function
Page 29 and 30: Electron Double-Slit Experiment C.
Page 31 and 32: Which slit? Try to determine which
Page 33 and 34: Wave - particle - duality So, ever
Page 35 and 36: The Copenhagen Interpretation Bohr
Page 37 and 38: Splitting of atomic energy levels B
Page 39 and 40: Stern-Gerlach experiment (1921) Ove
Page 41 and 42: The concept of spin Stern-Gerlach
Page 43 and 44: Problems: Homework set 3 HW3.1: te

Quantum physics (quantum theory, quantum mechanics)

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