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Sunday in the Park with George Music and Lyrics by Stephen ...

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Dramatic Devices<br />

Metaphor is a figure of speech <strong>in</strong> which a comparison is made between two<br />

seem<strong>in</strong>gly unrelated objects <strong>with</strong>out us<strong>in</strong>g "like" or "as."<br />

Example: Life is a yo-yo. It's a series of ups <strong>and</strong> downs.<br />

Here, "life" is <strong>the</strong> subject. "Yo-yo" is <strong>the</strong> symbol that represents <strong>the</strong> subject.<br />

In <strong>Sunday</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Park</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>George</strong>, many of <strong>the</strong> characters are one-dimensional,<br />

some even be<strong>in</strong>g cut-outs of human be<strong>in</strong>gs. This metaphor expla<strong>in</strong>s that to<br />

<strong>George</strong>, (who has trouble connect<strong>in</strong>g <strong>with</strong> people) some of <strong>the</strong> characters <strong>in</strong><br />

his pa<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>gs are only one-dimensional.<br />

Personification is giv<strong>in</strong>g human qualities to animals or objects.<br />

Examples: a smil<strong>in</strong>g moon, a jovial sun<br />

The dogs Spot <strong>and</strong> Fifi are given voices <strong>and</strong> desires <strong>in</strong> <strong>Sunday</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Park</strong> <strong>with</strong><br />

<strong>George</strong>, thus giv<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong>m human qualities. The pa<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g com<strong>in</strong>g to life is also<br />

an excellent example of personification, as an <strong>in</strong>animate object such as a<br />

pa<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g is given human thoughts, emotions, <strong>and</strong> actions.<br />

Dramatic Devices<br />

Cross-Cast<strong>in</strong>g: Sometimes <strong>in</strong> order to create a connection between scenes,<br />

acts, or characters, playwrights <strong>and</strong> directors will cross-cast <strong>the</strong> same actors to<br />

play different, but sometimes connect<strong>in</strong>g roles. There are examples of this <strong>in</strong><br />

<strong>Sunday</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Park</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>George</strong>. Here, <strong>the</strong> cross-cast<strong>in</strong>g is used to connect Act 1<br />

& 2, as well as connect <strong>the</strong> characters who are 100 years apart. Keep <strong>in</strong> m<strong>in</strong>d<br />

Marie’s song “Mama” where she is s<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong>g about her mo<strong>the</strong>r, Dot, who is<br />

played <strong>by</strong> <strong>the</strong> same actor.<br />

Dramatic Irony is when <strong>the</strong> audience knows more about a situation than <strong>the</strong><br />

character knows. Th<strong>in</strong>k about those times when you want to yell at <strong>the</strong> stage<br />

or screen to tell <strong>the</strong> character to do, or not to do someth<strong>in</strong>g! We know as an<br />

audience that <strong>George</strong> is <strong>in</strong>vent<strong>in</strong>g a new style of art, while his contemporaries<br />

are criticiz<strong>in</strong>g his work. We also know that <strong>by</strong> ignor<strong>in</strong>g Dot, <strong>George</strong> is los<strong>in</strong>g<br />

<strong>the</strong> love of his life.<br />

COULD YOU DO<br />

THIS?<br />

As part of an effort to promote a new<br />

event along <strong>the</strong> riverfront <strong>in</strong> Beloit,<br />

Wash<strong>in</strong>gton, Jeff Adams came up <strong>with</strong><br />

<strong>the</strong> idea to duplicate Seurat’s pa<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g<br />

<strong>with</strong> a modern twist! Take a look <strong>and</strong><br />

see what similarities <strong>and</strong> differences you<br />

can f<strong>in</strong>d between <strong>the</strong> photograph <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />

orig<strong>in</strong>al pa<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g. Which do you like better?<br />

Why? Could you do your own<br />

modern version <strong>with</strong> Seurat’s pa<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g, or<br />

<strong>with</strong> ano<strong>the</strong>r favourite piece of art?<br />

14<br />

C<br />

ONNECTIONS<br />

Shaw Festival Study Guide

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