approved 9 April 2013 - Village of Corrales

VILLAGE OF CORRALES 

GOVERNING BODY 

MINUTES FINAL 

March 26, 2013 

6:30 p.m. 

COUNCUJMUIIC1PAL COuRT CHAMBERS 

Governing Body Present: 

Mayor Gasteyer, Councilor Clauser, Councilor Alsobrook, Councilor Harper, Councilor Fahey, Councilor 

Garcia-Miera, Councilor Hart 

Village staff present: 

Administrator John Avila; Village Clerk Juan Reyes; Police Chief Ray Vigil; Fire ChiefAnthony Martinez; 

Library Director Carla Spencer; Public Works Director Tony Tafoya 

I. CALL TO ORDER AND PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE 

Mayor Gasteyer called the meeting to order at 6:33 pm. Mayor Gasteyer then led the Pledge of Allegiance in 

both English and Spanish. 

11. APPROVAL OF AGENDA 

Motion: Move to approve the Agenda of the March 27 th, 2013 Council Meeting Action: Approve, Moved by 

Councilor Garcia-Miera, Seconded by: Councilor Hart. Vote: Motion carried by unanimous vote (summary: 

Yes: 6). Yes: Councilor Garcia-Miera, Councilor Clauser, Councilor Fahey, Councilor Harper, Councilor 

Alsobrook, Councilor Hart 

ifi. APPROVAL OF MINUTES 

1. March 12, 2013 Council minutes 

March 19, 2013 Work-study minutes 

Mayor Gasteyer stated on the minutes from the March 12 th regular meeting there is a mistake on line 204. 

Ms. Staley should be mentioned instead of Ms. Longino. 

Councilor Clauser stated Wayne Bradley’s presentation on the sewer should be attached to the minutes 

and it still is not. Mayor Gasteyer stated that would be an attachment to the minutes on file for the prior 

meeting. Councilor Clauser stated it is not on the website version from the February 26 th meeting and the 

Mayor said the omission would be corrected. Also, on page two, line 80, Councilor Clauser said the minutes 

should read: “it is important to alert business owners and Councilors in advance so that they can respond to 

questions from the community”. As another change, Councilor Clauser said that around line 292, in the 

discussion with Mark Kaib of the Bosque Advisory Commission, it should be added that the migratory bird 

treaty provides protection of nesting birds from March 1 5th through September 1 5th 

Motion: Move to approve the Minutes of the March 12 th, 2013 Council Meeting, as amended Action: Approve, 

Moved by Councilor Clauser, Seconded by: Councilor Garcia-Micra. Vote: Motion carried by unanimous vote 

of those present (summary: Yes: 6). Yes: Councilor Garcia-Miera, Councilor Clauser, Councilor Fahey, 

Councilor Harper, Councilor Alsobrook, Councilor Hart 

Motion: Move to approve the Minutes of the March 19 th, 2013 Work-Study Action: Approve, Moved by 

Councilor Clauser, Seconded by: Councilor Garcia-Miera. Vote: Motion carried by unanimous vote of those 

present (summary: Yes: 6). Yes: Councilor Garcia-Micra,, Councilor Clauser, Councilor Fahey, Councilor 

Harper, Councilor Alsobrook, Councilor Hart

IV. 

ANNOUNCEMENTS 

• Saturday March 30 is the annual Easter Egg Hunt at 10:00am in La Entrada Park 

• Tuesday April 2w’, Councilor Clauser and Mayor Gasteyer are going to attend the Municipal 

League’s District Meeting in Rio Rancho; other members of the Council are also welcome. 

• Tuesday April 

a Governing Body Work Study on budget preparations for fiscal 2014 will 

take place 

• Tuesday April 

is the next regularly scheduled Council Meeting 

• Friday April 12 is the student Art Show of Taylor Middle School at the Frame-n-Art Gallery 

• Saturday April the Council and the Bosque Advisory Commission will have an 

opportunity to tour the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ willow swab and habitat restoration 

project in the south end of the Bosque at 8:00am 

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V. PETITIONS 

N/A 

‘IL 

COMMUNICATIONS 

2. Administrator’s Report: (see attachment I) 

Mayor Gasteyer stated that the Clerk had received a request for hearing from a lawyer representing the 

mother and son on the Ida Court property which was the subject of Resolution 13-010. After looking at 

calendars, the Council agreed to set April 30, 6:30 p.m. as a hearing date in the Council Chambers. The 

Village Attorney stated that in addition to the lawyer, Mr. Perkal, the Clerk should notif’ those parties who 

have an interest in the property, including Wells Fargo Bank and the Secretary of Housing and Urban 

Development 

Councilor Clauser asked Mr. Avila if we could try to figure out some way of painting over the graffiti on 

the building on the south end of the Village? Mayor Gasteyer stated the Administration can certainly contact 

the owner, but there is the Anti-Donation Clause problem of correcting things on private property. Mr. Appel 

stated the Village does not have an anti- graffiti ordinance; many municipalities adopt ordinances that, in 

effect, require the property owner to remove graffiti within a very short time frame and if not, the Village can 

step in and remove it and charge the owner for the costs incurred. Council Clauser stated perhaps we need an 

ordinance ofthat sort. 

VI. 

COUNCILORS FORUM: This section isfor information purposes only, notfor discussion and debate, 

to inform the Governing Body ofan issue! concern that would not be addressed on the agenda during 

the business session. 

Councibor Alsobrook stated in regards to the ongoing discussions regarding coyotes and the Village’s 

Integrated Coyote Management Plan, he has reserved the use of the Council Chambers for Thursday, April 

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at 6:30 p.m. for the first public meeting. 

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VII. 

CORRALE1OS FORUM This section isfor information purposes only, notfor discussion and debate, 

to inform the Governing Body ofan issue or concern that would not be addressed on the agenda during 

the business session. There is a 3-minute time limit, unless approved by the Presiding Officer. 

Ted Grano stated about six months ago he was before the Council asking about an easement that was 

granted to a couple of people who live on Gutierrez Road to use, instead, Perfecto Lopez Road. Originally 

when Perfecto Lopez Road was given to the Village it was stipulated that the only ones that would have access 

would be the people living on Perfecto Lopez Road. He has talked to Councilor Hart about it and showed him 

the map that shows the drainage; two families have covered that up to gain access. He believes Councilor 

Harper was on the Planning and Zoning Commission at the time of the stipulation and Mayor Gasteyer stated 

a report would be done. 

Wayne Bradley stated he distributed 3-26-3 of the State statutes previously which shows that the Council 

is required to complete the wastewater system before adopting an ordinance and Mayor Gasteyer said during 

the recent Work Study that he agreed that the system was not complete. He finds it interesting that this 

information has been buried; his memo has not made it to the Village website even after Councilors requested

it. Also, in the newspaper it said that another $200,000 is needed to finish the project. If the Village wants to 

finish it that means with simply just 115 hook ups, at $12,000, whether STEP or grinder, $1,380,000 more and 

that does not include the $200,000 to modify the system’s defects. The Larkin engineer said that it is a 

problem with the line going up and down and it will probably plug up. M r. Bradley was really shocked when 

they talked about having to pump the line when it clogs up: if maintenance does not shut the pump off in time, 

it will crack all of the pipes because they are not made to exceed 100 PSI. How much more money are we 

going to put into this is the question? The Larkin Group, initially when they started out with the sewer before 

Souder Miller took over, warned the Village not to build a small pipe, but the Village did so anyway so it 

could get the money. Now there is a major problem. You have no way of getting the flow with voluntary hook 

ups. He understands everyone needs it but, unfortunately, we did not build a system that is going to handle it. 

Terry Brown stated he would like to tag on to Councilor Clauser’s concern with the graffiti on the 

building on the south end of the Village. That building greets everyone who comes into the Village. Ifyou 

look behind the walls and at the inside of the building, you see the liquor bottles. This is a health, safety, and 

welfare problem. It has been ongoing and he does not believe we ought to be paying a dime to have anyone 

paint over anybody’s tagging of that building. We do not need that negativity. He would urge the Council to 

do whatever it can do to get that building leveled. 

Dick Foote stated biannually in March the Democratic Party has elections for its offices for the next two 

years. On March 9th, they had their Ward meeting at the Community Center. He was reelected Ward Chair, 

Sam Thompson was reelected as Vice Chair. Last Saturday in Bernalillo there were the Sandoval County 

Central Committee elections. During those elections Marg Elliston of Corrales was elected by acclamation to 

be the Chair and Larry Naranjo of Rio Rancho as Vice Chair. Those particular offices and all of the State 

Central Committee offices are gender-balanced. Sam Thompson was appointed as Secretary and Dick Foote is 

the Treasurer for the County. The following CorralenL]os will represent the Sandoval Democrats on the State 

Central Committee: former State Senator Pauline Eisenstadt, Theresa Trujeque, Eleanor Bravo, Sam 

Thompson, former County Commissioner Donnie Leonard, Bernie Lujan and Dick Foote. 

Al Knight passed out information on coyotes (see attachment 2): information from the internet on coyote 

bites and a review of successful urban coyote management programs in Southern California. There are several 

of them. One study identifies the difference between rural coyotes and urban/rural coyotes and how the 

behavior changes over a period of time. One idea is to have a section of the Village’s website set up where the 

public can go online and report incidents which would be dotted on a map. 

Susan Weiss stated Councilor Alsobrook’s meeting arrangement is very welcome and perhaps we can get 

a good deal of factual information at that meeting. 

IX. 

CONSENT AGENDA: 

3. Reports from Boards, Commissions, and Department Head Personnel 

Councilor Clauser stated she was concerned that the Village’s Gross Receipts are again below last year’s 

on a month-to-month comparison: the February collection was $64,000 less and the March is $3,000 less. She 

is concerned because she also speaks to a number of our businesses and they all seem to be very concerned 

with the economy. She believes we should do all we can to support Village businesses. 

Mayor Gasteyer stated Tony Tafoya has now sealed all of the drop inlets from Loma Larga into the 

MRGCD’s Main Canal. About 15 years ago there was a period when the MRGCD would allow drainage 

structures from subdivisions and roads to enter the Main Canal. Then it decided not to allow that anymore but 

there were five or six grandfathered inlets. The problem that creates is the long standing battle with the federal 

EPA District Six. IfVillage drainage water gets into the Main Canal, and the Main Canal empties into the 

river, then we are considered discharging into the river. There is some significance to the fact that we have 

now closed offthose inlets. It does not mean we are not taking care of the drainage, Tony has built adequate 

drainage ponds in the right of ways along the roads, but it does have a broader significance for Clean Water 

Act compliance. 

Councilor Alsobrook asked if there was an update on the roof of the Rec Center? He knows we have had 

a lot of different maintenance but he saw in a couple of places the mention that the roof is in dire need of 

repair or replacing.Tony Tafoya stated he believes that Lynn Siverts put that in his report a while back. He 

does not think the roof has been done yet but he knows the floor was done and Mr. Siverts is still working on 

the roof. M r. John Avila explained Lynn has planned to do patch work and maintenance on the roof but then 

needed to use funds for other capital improvements such as the pumps at the pool. The heater in the pool was 

completely replaced because it wore out. He chose to improve those capital needs while patching the roof.

4. N/A 

X. CONFIRMATION OF PERSONNEL RECOMMENDATION: 

Councilor Hart. Vote: Motion carried by unanimous vote (summary: Yes: 6). Yes: Councilor Garcia-Miera, 

Councilor Clauser, Councilor Fahey, Councilor Harper, Councilor Alsobrook, Councilor Hart 

Motion: Move to approve the Consent Agenda Action: Approve, Moved by Councilor Fahey, Seconded by: 

The Mayor recognized P&Z Commission Chair Roy Soto and Vice Chair Sam Thompson. 

Chairman Soto stated Commissioner Thompson brought to the Commission at its March 20 

meeting some of the concerns that were raised in public comment and made some excellent 

recommendations on how to take care of those concerns. He provided a letter of transmittal. 

Commissioner Sam Thompson stated at the First Reading there was an individual from the 

public who came and explained she owns a landscape lighting business. She was concerned that the 

talking with her it became evident that what we really want to prevent is light that might escape, so the 

Ordinance as introduced specifically disallowed lights onto landscaping that faced upwards. After 

actual orientation of the light is not as important. So rather than talking about whether a light is upward 

facing or downward facing, we want landscape lighting that is limited to the foliage. That way we do 

acceptable side you show basically the same orientation but the light does not escape beyond the 

company and found this to be an acceptable solution. 

not have light escaping beyond the foliage. To make that change there is a new page of the Ordinance. 

For the illustration there is still have unacceptable lighting with an illustration of lights from the bottom 

Commissioner Thompson stated she has spoken with Ginny Lodge who has the landscape lighting 

Councilor Harper asked if we have a time of night when the lights must be extinguished? 

Commissioners Soto and Thompson replied, no. Councilor Harper stated he would feel better if we did. 

Councilor Clauser stated some other places do. Chairman Soto said that there was a discussion about an 

up onto the foliage but it goes beyond it so you have light escaping beyond the foliage. On the 

foliage. The Commission is trying to make clear that that is what it recommends on this issue. 

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outdoor lighting to reduce or eliminate light pollution; requiring conversion of certain 

of the Village of Corrales, and to amend Article II, Section 29, Definitions; regulating 

Chapter 18, Article II, Section 42, regarding exterior lighting of the Code of Ordinances 

6. ThIRD READING: 

XU. OLD BUSINESS: 

Discussion and consideration of Ordinance 13-003, an ordinance to amend in its entirety 

existing lighting to comply with amended regulations; providing for enforcement. 

Motion: Move to approve Mel Knight for the Planning and Zoning Commission, for a two-year term Action: 

she asked how Ms. Knight felt about A-i and A-2 zoning? 

Ms. Knight stated, as she put in her application, she is a newcomer to the work of the Commission. She 

has any thoughts about the Corrales Comprehensive Plan? Ms. Knight stated she does not; she wants to donate 

Mayor Gasteyer explained he is nominating Mel Knight to fill a vacancy on the Commission. 

Councilor Clauser stated she read Ms. Knights application for the Planning and Zoning Commission and 

has been on a couple of different boards, including the Friends of the Corrales Library and the Parks and 

Recreation Commission. She also helped out with Harvest Festival. She is not up to date yet on all of the 

Land Use Ordinances but she is very willing to learn. Coundior Clauser stated she and Ms. Knight are in the 

same profession and she knows Ms. Knight is an expert when it comes to children. She asked if Ms. Knight 

Approve, Moved by Councilor Garcia-Miera, Seconded by: Councilor Fahey. Vote: Motion carried by 

unanimous vote (summary: Yes: 6). Yes: Councilor Garcia-Miera, Councilor Clauser, Councilor Fahey, 

Councilor Harper, Councilor Alsobrook, Councilor Hart 

some time to the community and is willing to give it her all. 

5. Mel Knight for the Planning and Zoning Commission, for a two-year term 

XI. CONFIRMATION OF APPOINTMENTS 

There was no leakage during the last monsoon so that worked and gives us some time to repair the roof at a 

later date.

11:00 p.m. limit but it was removed because that raised additional issues. Councilor Harper stated a 

timer is a pretty inexpensive device and he would like to include a time of night for lights off and, if it 

becomes an issue, we can repeal it. 

Councilor Fahey asked if Councilor Harper wanted to turn all of the lights off in the village at a 

certain time? Councilor Harper stated no, just these outdoor lights on landscaping. 

Mayor Gasteyer asked the Village Attorney if we would need a definition of landscape lighting 

or would the “accent lighting” be adequate that is in the proposed Ordinance? Related to that, under 

section (e), General Standards, we may need a sentence saying something about upward accent lighting 

or upward landscape lighting and we could insert language like Councilor Harper has suggested setting 

11:00pm as part of the sentence. 

Mr. Appel stated he believes those are possibilities. He is not too concerned about the 

defmition. He believes allowing landscape lighting to go forward without a definition is probably 

adequate. We do have defmitions of landscaping elsewhere in Chapter 18. 

Councilor Alsobrook pointed out subparagraph (e) 6 says “accent lighting shall be directed 

downward but not toward the sky”. He wondered ifthat needs to be changed? Mayor Gasteyer stated 

that is why he is suggesting another numbered subparagraph regarding upward landscape lighting. 

Commissioner Thompson stated Ginny Lodge contacted her because she was concerned that 

what she was speaking of was not addressed. Commissioner Thompson explained to Ms. Lodge that it 

was addressed and it was listed in the Planning and Zoning Commission draft. Mr. Appel asked the 

Commissioners whether it was a language change or an illustration change? Commissioners Thompson 

and Soto stated it is the illustration. 

The Village Attorney observed that there may be a disconnect between the language 

accompanying the illustration and the ongoing discussion that could possibly be resolved by simply 

removing the word “downward”. 

Councilor Clauser stated on line 385, subparagraph (e)(7), it says spot lighting on landscaping, 

foliage and flagpoles shall be limited to 2600 lumens output” and the lamp shall be shaded and not 

cause disabling or nuisance glare. 

The Mayor recognized Melanie Scholer. 

Ms. Scholer asked Councilor Harper if he is referring to those little solar-powered lights a lot of 

people put out when he talks about landscape light? Councilor Harper replied, no, he is talking about 

the spotlighted accent lighting. 

Motion: Move to approve Ordinance 13-003, an ordinance to amend in its entirety Chapter 18, Article 

II, Section 42, regarding exterior lighting of the Code of Ordinances of the Village of Corrales, and to 

amend Article II, Section 29, Defmitions; regulating outdoor lighting to reduce or eliminate light 

pollution; requiring conversion of certain existing lighting to comply with amended regulations; 

providing for enforcement. 

Action: Approve, Moved by Councilor Fahey, Seconded by: Councilor Garcia-Miera. 

Councilor Fahey stated an amendment might be needed to add the illustration provided by the Planning 

and Zoning Commissioners for accent or landscape lighting. Mr. Appel stated the change in the written section 

needs to be on line 381 in the text. Mayor Gasteyer asked if Mr. Appel was recommending the word 

downward be removed from the text? Mr. Appel stated that one possibility would be to say accent “or 

landscape” lighting. 

Councilor Alsobrook asked if it would be a good idea to remove the word “downward” from the 

sentence, “Accent lighting shall be directed downward onto the building or object”? He thought accent 

lighting upward onto foliage and other things is what was discussed. He believes if we do what we are 

discussing it would allow an upward light on a side of a barn or such. He asked Commissioner Thompson if 

her recommendation was to limit it to foliage or just to any upward lighting as long as it is non-intrusive? 

Commissioner Thompson stated P&Z’s recommendation was to limit it to foliage. What they are trying to 

prevent is the escape of light up into the sky; they are trying to limit any kind of upward facing light to hit a 

particular space but not go beyond it. Chairman Soto stated the usage of low wattage in this manner is very 

common. The citizen they spoke with did not want to be penalized for doing it. 

Councilor Clauser asked if flagpoles were OK to have the lighting straight up? Commissioner Thompson 

stated flag poles are required to be lit if they have the American flag on them. 

Motion: Move to amend Ordinance 13-003 at lines 381 and 382, subparagraph (e)(6) to say “Accent or 

landscape lighting shall be directed onto foliage or objects and not towards the sky or onto adjacent 

properties”.

7. FUTURE AGENDA ITEMS 

XIII. NEW BUSINESS: 

Vote: Motion carried by unanimous roll call vote (summary: Yes: 6). Yes: Councilor Garcia-Miera, 

The Mayor called for a vote on the underlying motion as amended. 



Commissioner Terry Brown stated they have edited to a point where they think it will be an 

acceptable Ordinance proposal for everyone on the Council. The Commission believes they have done a very 

built anywhere in the Village, which is a State statute. At the intersections, where there are driveways or roads, 

good job at making this easy to understand. He thinks the three major points are spelled out very clearly in the 

packet. The Whereases state very clearly why the Commission believes we need this. Most importantly, there 

they are proposing to only allow a three foot high vision clearance triangle. Also important is protecting the 

viewshed of the Corrrales Road Scenic and Historic Byway. The transparency ofthe roadway fences on 

Corrales Road are only for Corrales Road and nowhere else in the Village. Along Corrales Road only the 

proposed Ordinance allows a solid fence no higher than three feet and above that you can have a more 

transparent fence, so long as it is no more than 25% opaque. That would allow people to see cars coming out 

Mayor Gasteyer stated there is a seeming contradiction between the third subparagraph under (m), 

Historic and Scenic Byway. 

the recommendation came from several Villagers who have approached him and indicated that they have an 

fence may be replaced along a property line of an existing residence 25 feet or closer to Corrales Road, but on 

existing house that is within 25 feet or closer to the road. The Zoning Ordinance allows you to build no closer 

than 25 feet from your front property line. However there are grandfathered structures closer than that. So the 

Commission felt that ifthere was an existing building or a new building within 25 feet, this fences Ordinance 

proposal would allow a six foot high fence at that portion of an existing house or a new building, should that 

roadway. Chairman Soto stated they thought they had taken care of this contradiction when they added 

“except when in accordance with (m)iii”, at the end of paragraph (n). The Commission thought it was only fair 

to villagers that if someone already has an existing building that is 25 feet from the Corrales Road or less they 

might need some sort of noise and protection buffer. 

the property line of an existing residence”. Right now in the definition section, he said, residence is not clearly 

Councilor Alsobrook asked about the language in (m)(iii.) “may be constructed or replaced along 

spelled out. The Village Attorney stated that if he were to interpret that in the absence of a definition he would 

tie that to existing use of the property. 

on line 60, and then the language in (n) on line 66,. It has to do with replacements. On line 60 it says a solid 

line 66 it says new or replacement fences, if located within 25 feet, shall be open. Commissioner Brown stated 

occur. The Commission does not want these property owners to have to remove a fence anywhere along this 

of driveways, and improve the visibility as you drive through the Village, and help protect the Corrales 

Commissioner Soto stated he forwarded a letter recommending text amendments to our general 

regulations regarding fences amending two sections: 18-29, defmitions, and 18-30, general regulations. 

chapter 18 Article II Section 18-29 and section 18-30 regarding fences. 

8. Discussion and consideration to publish and post Ordinance 13-004, an ordinance to amend 

is a safety issue at intersections. In the first line under (m), it indicates that no fences over six feet high can be 

a publish-and- post possibility at the April 9th meeting 

held. This was the subject of a request for an advisory opinion from the Attorney General’s Office. 

• The waste water system will also need to be discussed again with the option of voluntary hookups as 

• An informational agenda item will need to be included summarizing the discussions that were had 

with a representative ofNMED in the room on January 11 

Mayor Gasteyer received a letter from the Assistant Attorney General directing this course of action 

th when a closed work-study meeting was 

• Second Reading of Ordinance 13-004 if it is published and posted 

• Second Reading of Ordinance 13-005 if it is Published and posted 

• Second Reading of Ordinance 13-006 if it is published and posted 

Action: Approve, Moved by Councilor Fahey, Seconded by: Councilor Alsobrook 

Vote: Motion carried by unanimous roll call vote (summary: Yes: 6). Yes: Councilor Garcia-Miera,

problem or to require the wall to be so low it would be ineffective. He does not know what the solution except 

abatement. It is not designed for that. If you go down the freeways along 1-25 or 1-40, those walls are about 20 

feet high. Those walls are designed for noise abatement. He does not believe this Council is ready to accept a 

that he feels like his rights are being abused here because it is his private property and he should be able to 

block this off. 

Commissioner Brown stated as far as noise control, a six foot wall will not provide any noise 

all day long. Now the Council is trying to make it so that he cannot build a wall to deal with this noise 

subsequently amended; providing that the agenda for meetings of the Governing Body shall be prepared and 

posted at least seventy-two (72) hours prior to the meeting, and that the”therefore” phrase, be amended to read 

“Therefore, be it ordained by the governing body of the Village of Corrales, New Mexico, that chapter 2, 

subsection 2-60(d) of the Code of Ordinances, of the Village shall be amended to read as follows ...“ Action: 

Approve, Moved by Councilor Alsobrook, Seconded by: Councilor Clauser. 

of Ordinances of the Village of Corrales, being a part of Ordinance No. 1, adopted September 17, 1971, as 

Motion: Move to publish and post Ordinance 13-005, an ordinance amending Subsection 2-60(d) ofthe Code 

Mayor Gasteyer stated that under a new law which the Governor is sure to sign the fmal agenda and 

materials must be provided to the public at least 72 hours before a meeting is convened. This means there will 

agenda and packet about 6 calendar days. 

referenced in the Code that is less than 11 days, you do not count Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays. So, 72 

Mayor Gasteyer stated there will also be a need to change the Open Meetings Act Resolution that 

hours before Tuesday evening, will normally be on Thursday evening of the preceding week; but, if there 

Councilor Clauser asked if there is a chance that this will be vetoed? Mr. Appel stated the chance is 

be a really early start to preparations for some of the Village Council meetings because, if you have a Monday 

holiday, and you do not count Saturdays and Sundays, in the new 72 hours requirement it can back up the 

happens to be a three day weekend, it will be on Wednesday evening of the preceding week, because you have 

passes (the deadline for signing bills), and she does not sign it, you will know at Third Reading that we do not 

the Governor will sign this bill which was passed unanimously by both houses. If for some reason April 5th 

have to act on this proposed Ordinance. 

was adopted at the first meeting in January because it references these time periods as well. That will be done 

between “zilch and zippo”, in his personal opinion. He expects the governor to send this through pretty 

promptly. 

the draft agenda which has been distributed five days before meetings. Mr. Appel stated this Ordinance in fact 

Alsobrook added that there is a typo in the therefore phrase; it refers to Chapter 2, Article ifi, Officers and 

Employees; it should be Article II, Section 2-60(d). In the last Whereas clause it is correct. 

on the night of the Third Reading of this Ordinance. 

does that. It is the understanding of the Clerk and himselfthat the draft is in fact, going away. Councilor 

Councilor Alsobrook stated ifthe Council passes this Ordinance he would suggest doing away with 

Mr. Appel stated that is correct. Under the New Mexico Statutes, for any period of time that is 

(72) hours prior to the meeting. 

Ordinance No. 1, adopted September 17, 1971, as subsequently amended; providing that the 

agenda for meetings of the Governing Body shall be prepared and posted at least seventy-two 

Subsection 2-60(d) of the Code of Ordinances of the Village of Corrales, being a part of 


6). Yes: Councilor Garcia-Miera, Councilor Clauser, Councilor Fahey, Councilor Harper, Councilor 

9. Discussion and consideration to publish and post Ordinance 13-005, an ordinance amending 

72 hours in there that do not count in the period. As Mayor Gasteyer indicated, the Coppler Firm anticipates 

Section 18-29 and section 18-30 regarding fences. Action: Approve, Moved by Councilor Clauser, 

Motion: Move to publish and post Ordinance 13-004, an ordinance to amend chapter 18 Article II 

Seconded by: Coundilor Harper. Vote: Motion carried by unanimous roll call vote (summary: Yes: 

noise wall along Corrales Road. He understands the problem and suggests an inexpensive way is to plant 

evergreen trees along property lines as a method of abating noise. Chairman Soto stated the Commission will 

take a look at the specific situation and make adjustments to the Ordinance at the Third Reading if needed. 

The Mayor recognized Wayne Bradley for public comment. Mr. Bradley stated he lives on Corrales 

Road and there is a school right next to him. Traffic stops in the school zone and he has to listen to the traffic

Councilor Garcia-Miera stated he is looking in the section in the Code that talks about the agenda 

and it also talks about meeting materials. Is he understanding correctly that not just the agenda but all of the 

entire packet needs to be distributed 72 hours in advance? Mayor Gasteyer replied, Yes. 

Vote: Motion carried by unanimous roll call vote (summary: Yes: 6). Yes: Councilor Garcia-Miera, 


10. Discussion and consideration to publish and post Ordinance 13-006, an ordinance amending 

Chapter 6, Animals, of the Code of Ordinances of the Village of Corrales, being Ordinance No. 

249, adopted November 24, 1992, as amended by Ordinance No. 363, adopted July 8, 2003, and 

by Ordinance No. 11-011, adopted May 24,2011; prohibiting the restraint of dogs by stationary 

tethers except under limited circumstances; prohibiting the use of metal chains for the restraint 

or tethering of dogs; providing a penalty for violation. 

Councilor Garcia-Miera stated Councilor Hart was also interested in this. It is something that a number 

of other municipalities have and his understanding is the research that was done on this was really taken from 

ordinances elsewhere. The animal welfare community in Corrales has been vetted with this proposal and they 

feel good about it. This is an animal friendly community and there have been a couple of instances where he 

has seen animals that are tethered and it is a cruel thing. 

Mayor Gasteyer stated one way people sometimes restrain dogs in their yards are on long clothes lines 

with trolley-type mechanisms. He can think of one house on East Ella where they have two great big 

Sainoyeds and they look to be happy running back and forth over 150 feet or so; not all situations look like 

abused animal situations. The language that was chosen here talks about a stationary tether and it says 

including without limitation a rope, cord, leash, or running line. The Mayor was unclear what “running line” 

refers to? Mr. Appel stated his understanding is that “running line” is precisely what was described at the East 

Ella location. Councilor Garcia-Miera stated that was correct. 

Angela Stell stated she is the President, Director, and Founder of a local organization called New 

Mexico Dogs Deserve Better. Their sole and main purpose is to advocate and provide education assistance and 

rescue to chained, tethered dogs throughout the State ofNew Mexico. They are an all-volunteer organization. 

They are based in Albuquerque and they travel all over the State to provide these services to these animals and 

their guardians. They work closely with different animal control agencies, law enforcement agencies, and they 

have really great partnerships in differentjurisdictions. Lately their focus has been with the Bernalillo County 

Animal Cruelty Task Force, where they work hand in hand with the Bernalillo County Sheriffs Department 

and Bemalillo County Animal Care Services. They have recently been successful in passing a zero tolerance, 

anti-tethering Ordinance for the County of Bernalillo which will go into effect August 2013. Bemalillo 

County currently allows the trolley systems, but the experience and knowledge of field officers and different 

cases that have come about with the cruelty, injuries, sickness and behavior problems that arise from a 

tethered dog, have prompted the County to go from allowing trolley systems to zero tolerance. 

Ms. Stell thanked the Council for bringing this to the agenda. It is very important because, as Councilor 

Garcia-Miera stated, Corrales is a very animal-friendly village. As a rescuer she is very excited when one of 

her dogs is placed in Corrales because she feels they will be looked after and receive very good care. The 

Village has a very compassionate and knowledgeable Animal Control staff and it goes hand in hand and 

makes sense that Corrales is a no-tethering Village. 

Volunteers with her organization travel across the State educating people about proper animal care and 

advocating for dogs and providing immediate provisions. They distribute dog houses, straw bedding, and dog 

food for animals chained up outside lacking those provisions. 

An anti- tethering Ordinance is a great step forward in changing the way a community thinks about 

tethered dogs. Many tethered dogs -- whether they are stationary tethered or on a trolley system -- sit, eat, lie, 

and defecate within the same 10-20 foot radius. They live as prisoners without respect, love, exercise, social 

interaction, and sometimes even without basic nourishment. Dogs are pack animals that thrive in social 

settings. Chaining up outside isolates dogs from interaction with people. Such dogs then develop neurotic 

behaviors as a consequence. The area they are confined to determines and can promote canine diseases such as 

giardia, coxidia, and, because of neglect, tethered dogs often suffer from heartworm, anemia caused by fleas 

and ticks, imbedded collars and chains and trolleys, and muscular damage. Dogs that are constantly tethered 

strain at their chain or tethers and develop larger muscles in front while their rear quarters atrophy and the 

weight of the chain can cause stress on their skeletal structure over time. 

26 

th,

is typically 10-20 degrees hotter inside than the temperature outside. Dogs chained long term are also likely to 

is neither. Having a dog is not a right, it is a privilege. 

that are not spayed. Chained dogs without cover from the summer sun will not get relief in a dog house which 

abuse and neglect. Chained dogs are also vulnerable to attack from free roaming dogs, especially female dogs 

should not have a dog. You should be able to afford them a humane and comfortable lifestyle; chaining them 

that dogs territory resulting in a bite or attack. 

Her personal belief is if you do not have the means to properly humanely contain your dog, then you 

develop an exaggerated territorial attitude posing a public safety hazard to children or people who may enter 

successful and we were able to buy some trash cans, trash bags, and employ a couple of groups like the Cibola 

time we hired some youth to help with the cleanup of the roadways after the Harvest Festival. It was pretty 

High School band and football team who were interested in community projects as fundraisers. We will ask 

for these grants again for Harvest Festival cleanup. The Chief said Commander Lattin was working with 

Corrales Main Street about upgrading the infonnational signs outside the Council/Court Chambers building. 

These funds are distributed based on available monies and how we rate on the grant request compared to other 

applicants. 

might be cleaning on public or public right of way but he does not know about on private properties. Mayor 

Mayor Gasteyer asked if there is any federal source to this State money? Chief Martinez stated he 

Gasteyer said perhaps we can explore whether these funds could be used to remove graffiti on private 

properties and, because of their federal origin, side step the Anti-Donation Clause in the State Constitution. 

Councilor Clauser commented that graffiti is not a fire hazard so she knows it is not a problem the 

Fire Chiefs usual funding sources can address. 

Mayor Gasteyer stated he knows we are planning a Cleanup Day in conjunction with the City of Rio 

Rancho and asked the Chief if he knew the date? Chief Martinez stated he believes it is May 4th; the City has 

does not know. Mayor Gasteyer stated he was wondering about graffiti removal? ChiefMartinez stated it 

we can do it. 

asked us to partner with them as we did last year and it was really successful. We focused on the Los Montoya 

Arroyo and removed a lot of tires and debris. This year they want to join with us again. Having this 

Chief Martinez stated this is a grant we have applied for in the past to help us with clean up. The last 

Chief Martinez stated we can look into that because he knows it is a concern. If we can fmd a way he is sure 

Center. 

Harvest Festival 2013 and spring clean-up events, and for hiring youths to work in the Recycle 

Mexico for a New Mexico Clean and Beautiful grant to fund groups to clean roadways during 

11. Discussion and instruction to the Mayor regarding a grant application to the State of New 

Moved by Councilor Alsobrook, Seconded by: Councilor Fahey. Vote: Motion carried by unanimous roll call 

of metal chains for the restraint or tethering of dogs; providing a penalty for violation. Action: Approve, 

prohibiting the restraint of dogs by stationary tethers except under limited circumstances; prohibiting the use 

Harper, Councilor Alsobrook, Councilor Hart 

by Ordinance No. 363, adopted July 8, 2003, and by Ordinance No. 11-011, adopted May 24, 2011; 

vote (summary: Yes: 6). Yes: Councilor Garcia-Miera, Councilor Clauser, Councilor Fahey, Councilor 

of Ordinances of the Village of Corrales, being Ordinance No. 249, adopted November 24, 1992, as amended 

Motion: Move to publish and post Ordinance 13-006, an ordinance amending Chapter 6, Animals, of the Code 

this. Was she present during any of those deliberations, he asked? Ms. Stell replied, yes. Councilor Alsobrook 

asked if anyone came forward to object to the Ordinance or to justify tethering of dogs? Ms. Stell stated, yes 

and said that some of the arguments against were: the person could not afford a fence, or the dog jumps the 

fence that is installed, or the dog has always been chained, or there is nothing wrong with it. 

Councilor Alsobrook noted that Ms. Stell mentioned Bernalillo County passed an ordinance such as 

Councilor Garcia-Miera asked about the trolley? As he was listening to Ms. Stell it appeared that 

areas whether by trolley or tether. Imbedded chains is also a problem. The Councilor noted that Ms. Stell had 

discussed vulnerability to attack by other dogs and asked if that would that also be the case with attacks by 

obviously there is a propensity towards certain diseases since the affected animals are confined to the same 

coyotes? Ms. Stell replied, absolutely. 

or they become extremely aggressive and cannot be rehabilitated, she continued. It is a very long term of 

Chained dogs usually over a lifetime of being chained either completely shut down and are despondent

Councilor Fahey noted that graffiti removal is an eligible purpose for proceeds from this grant. 

Councilor Garcia-Miera, Councior Clauser, Councilor Fahey, Councilor Harper, Councilor Alsobrook, 

Councilor Hart 

Mexico Clean and Beautiful grant to fund groups to clean roadway during Harvest Festival 2013 and spring 

clean-up events, and for hiring youths to work in the Recycle Center. Action: Approve, Moved by Councilor 

Fahey, Seconded by: Councilor Clauser. Vote: Motion carried by unanimous vote (summary: Yes: 6). Yes: 

Motion: Move to instruct the Mayor to apply for a grant application to the State of New Mexico for a New 

Mayor Gasteyer stated he included a one-page Legislative Update in the meeting materials. The 

Governor has until April 5th on the Capital Outlays Bill to line item veto. There are at least five items 

affecting Corrales in the bill: the dispatch tower, the library reading room, $75,000 to run either fire 

signature. 

15. Wrap up of si” Legislative First Session and discussion of bills awaiting Governor Martinez 

year 2012-2013 Action: Approve, Moved by Councilor Fahey, Seconded by: Councilor Hart. Vote: Motion 

carried by unanimous roll call vote (summary: Yes: 6). Yes: Councilor Garcia-Miera, Councilor Clauser, 

Councilor Fahey, Councilor Harper, Councilor Alsobrook, Councilor Hart 

Motion: Move to approve Resolution 13-013, a resolution authorizing adjustments of various funds for fiscal 

Administrator John Avila explained these funds were left over from the Cabezon Fire. These are cash 

accounts and they are not able to be spent unless they are moved into a line item that can be spent. That is 

what this Budget Adjustment Resolution is for. It is being moved out of that so they can be spent by the Fire 

Department. 

various funds for fiscal year 2012-2013 

14. Discussion and consideration of Resolution 13-013, a resolution authorizing adjustments of 

Yes: 6). Yes: Councilor Garcia-Miera, Councilor Clauser, Councilor Fahey, Councilor Harper, Councilor 

training class at the Equine Investigation Academy Level II in Durango, Colorado Action: Approve, Moved 


by Councilor Clauser, Seconded by: Councilor Fahey. Vote: Motion carried by unanimous vote (summary: 

Motion: Move to approve out of state travel for Corrales Animal Control Officer Catherine Garcia to attend a 

The Mayor noted that this is a second level course and Officer Garcia successfully completed the first 

level a year ago. Comparable training is not readily available in-State. 

a training class at the Equine Investigation Academy Level U in Durango, Colorado. 

13. Approval of out of state travel for Corrales Animal Control Officer Catherine Garcia to attend 

Seconded by: Councior Harper. Vote: Motion carried by unanimous vote (summary: Yes: 6). Yes: 

Bureau for a lift gate to be added to the recycling truck. Action: Approve, Moved by Councilor Fahey, 

Councilor Garcia-Miera, Councilor Clauser, Councilor Fahey, Councilor Harper, Councilor Alsobrook, 

Councilor Hart 

Motion: Move to instruct the Mayor apply to the State ofNew Mexico Enviromnent Department Solid Waste 

State this year, he tried to identify some small capital item. We are in need of a hydraulic lift gate for our 

trailers in the Recycling Center. Looking at the Solid Waste Bureau’s budget, which is pretty low for all of the 

protect workers from any sort of injuries. 

ChiefMartinez stated in the past this is the same grant we have applied for to help upgrade our 

recycling truck. Some of the items require a couple of individuals to lift safely and we are always looking to 

Department Solid Waste Bureau for a lift gate to be added to the recycling truck. 

12. Discussion and instruction to the Mayor to apply to the State of New Mexico Environment 

improve. 

partnership really helps us because they also apply for this grant and together our chances of selection

suppression water lines or make a sewer line connection down Old Church Road to the Casa San Ysidro 

Museum and the Old Church, the item for Recreation Center improvements, and the Lomitas Negras drainage 

structure. 

Two other bills are also pending the Governor’s decisions that we are interested in, the Mayor 

continued. One inserts a Certified Building Official on top of the local Building Inspector in the permitting 

process, which suggests it is going to eat into the revenue stream the Village gets from building inspection. 

That was steamrollered through by a coalition that included the Construction Industries Division, the 

Municipal League, and the Homebuilders Association, and he is sure the governor is going to sign that bill 

into State law. The other bill of interest says that Local Economic Development Act projects may permit 

money to be spent on projects for attracting retail businesses. We were instrumental in getting the definition 

of “rural” changed so that if you are a municipality of 10,000 or less, even though you are in a standard 

metropolitan area, you could still qualify. The Mayor did not know what the Governor’s own economic 

development people are advising her and he is apprehensive about the LEDA bill’s chances. 

Mr. Appel stated, as some of the Council maybe aware, in the closing seconds of the Legislature a bill 

was approved which basically takes away the hold harmless payments for municipalities and counties which 

date back to the discontinuance of gross receipts tax on food and medicine in 2004. Hold harmless supposedly 

makes local governments “whole” for the revenue from revenue they lost. The revenue gained from phasing 

out hold harmless payments will pay for tax breaks to corporations and businesses sought by Governor 

Martinez.. That bill was introduced in the last few hours in the Senate, never seen by any committee, and 

adopted about two minutes before close of session in the House of Representatives. It is almost certainly going 

to be signed by the governor. Frank Coppler was fmally able to get a copy of the text today; a key element that 

might matter to the Village of Corrales is that the phase out of the hold harmless payments does not apply to 

villages or towns with less than 10,000 population. 

XIV. ADJOURNMENT: 

Motion: Move to adjourn. Action: Approve, Moved by Councilor Fahey, Seconded by: Councilor 

Alsobrook. Vote: Motion carried by unanimous vote (summary: Yes: 6). Yes: Councilor Garcia-Miera, 


BEING NO 

BUSINESS TO COME BEFORE THE GOVERNING BODY, 

THE MEETING ADJOURNED AT 8:21 PM. 

FURThER 

APPROVED TIllS 9th DAY OF APRIL, 2013. 

AIIyso. Smithi(PutY Clerk

Administrator’s Report 

Tuesday, March 26, 2013 

Announcements 

Corrales Masters Trail Team meeting is scheduled for April 16 

th 

6:00-7:OOpm in Chambers 

The San Ysidro fire safety line completion is Friday of this week, according to Project Manager. 

The Village has posted for YCC applicants for approximately 24 part time/temporary slots for 

Crew and Leaders on two Village projects; the Farmland and Firefighting projects. The program 

is scheduled to start April 15 and run through September 14 with work done in various locations 

within the Bosque and Village facilities. Many previous crew have begun to apply. 

We have received communication regarding a recent enforcement issue that promises to 

complicate and increase costs to resolve. Care for the animals abandoned at 85 Ida Court. now 

available for adoption continue to impact the budget at over $12,000.00 to date. Attached 

Instead of having a Work Study for last Corrales Main Street Quarterly Report it is included here 

this time for Council Review. Corrales Main Street continues to participate with staff to facilitate 

events and will meet with Staff for feedback on Doing Business in Corrales Guide. Attached 

Verizon draft contract for generator lease will be coming before Council soon. Attached 

The EPA timeline for filing a permit and conducting public meetings will be tight in the last 

stages of the producing a Regional Watershed Permit. It looks like it will be May 14, 15 & 16 

when the EPA will conduct public meetings. It looks like Los Ranchos will be one location and 

the other locations are TBD. Attached 

Items 

Budget requests have been few and the Administration has received some recommendations 

regarding the budget and will continue to do so this week in preparation for the Work Study next 

week April 2 at 6:30. Some concerns regard limiting use of investment funds in formulating the 

budget, the effect of SB27 PERA increased costs to entities and individuals, impact of 

requirement of SB249 to local entities in costs and potential loss of revenues. Attached 

Ordinance NO.12-002 was adopted May 8, 2012 amending Ordinance NO. 09-008 to require at 

the time of listing a permit fee for sale of real property within the Village of Corrales. 

Information on progress of the ordinance indicates that 98 properties at an average price of 

$420,290 were sold in Corrales in 2012. Village records show were 36 permits issued in this 

same period. Attached

March 20, 2013 

PHONE 505.797.4000 • F.aX 505.243.4005 • TOLL FREE 866-797-4008 • ROSSPERKAL@AOL.COM 

708 MARQUETTE N.W. • ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICo 87t02 

LAWYER 

Owner and Owner’s Agent (by hand) 

xc: John L. Appel, Esq. (via email) 

Ross 8 Perkal 

Respctfully,/ 

/‘ / 

undersigned and do NOT contact either Owner nor Owner’s Agent at any future time. 

in further response to Resolution No. 13-010 passed on February 26, 2013 (Resolution), you are hereby 

If you have any questions about these Objections and Request for Hearing please contact the 

son and Agent for Owner Kathleen B. Warren (Agent), both of whom are represented by this office, and 

Resolution and Owner and Agent’s objections, all in accordance with Section 3-1805(D), NMSA (1978). 

Hearing before the Governing Body (as those terms are defined in the Resolution) to reconsider the 

lack of capacity and ill health, and hereby demands and requests that the Village proceed to provide a 

(Letter) addressed to Kathleen 8. Warren, Owner of8S Ida Court (Owner), and to Mark C. Warren, her 

Agent, on behalf of Owner s now, within ten (10) days following service of the Resolution upon Owner 

and Owner’s Agent objecting to such Resolution and to all provisions thereof on the basis of Owner’s 

advised and notified that Owner objects to the Resolution and to all provisions thereof, and Owner’s 

In response to that certain letter from Village General Counsel John L. Appel, Esq., dated March 11, 2013 

Village Clerk Juan Reyes: 

Re: Village Resolution No. 13-010/85 Ida Court/Kathleen Warren—Mark C. Warren, Agent 

Corrales, New Mexico 87048 

Village of Corrales 

Juan Reyes, Village Clerk 

John 1. Appel, Esq. Counsel for Village of Corrales at jappel@coppIer.com I 

[Sent Via USPS, Regular Mail, Faxed to 897-7217, Emailed to ireyes@corrales-nm.org and copied to 

4234 Corrales Road 

DEMANDS A HEARING BEFORE THE GOVERNING BODY TO CONSIDER THE RESOLUTION AND THE 

OWNER’S OBJECTIONS TO IT. IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 3-18-5(D), NMSA (1978). 

NOTICE To VILLAGE CLERK OF VILLAGE OF CORRALES THAT AGENT OF OWNER OF REAL PROPERTY 

OBJECTS TO VILLAGE OF CORRALES RESOLUTION NO. 13-010 PASSED FEBRUARY 26. 2013 AND 

Ross B. PERKAL.

Middle Rio Grcinde M54 ( Anita Steed Water Resources Planner 

USEPA braft Permit Bernalillo County Public Works 

Review Meeting 3-20-13 ASteed@Berncogov Phone: 505-224-2122 

USEPA Permit Timeline 

Slightly Longer Version 

• Publication in Federal Register: April 15 

• Begins 90 Day Comment period 

• Public Meetings/Hearing May 14-16 

• End of Comment Period: July 15 

• Approval of Permit: September 1 

(presuming EPA must meet their deadline) 

• Each agency must allow time for local comment on 

their SWMP—this must be included in the submission 

• Deadline for Submission of NOl & SWMP: November 1 

• Implementation deadlines vary by item 

/4

Senate Bill 249/aSFI#1/aSFI#2/aSFI#3— Page 2 

Synopsis of Original Bill 

Senate Bill 249 amends Construction Industries Licensing Act as it relates to inspector 

certifications creating statewide inspectors certificates, establishes inspector qualifications, 

establishes Certified Building Officials, allows for the utilization of MOU’ s for shared inspection 

resources between municipalities and counties, and repeals section 60-13-43 NMSA 1978 

(BEING LAWS 1967, CHAPTER 199, SECTION 51, AS AMENDED), Qualification of 

municipal and county inspectors. (1989) 

FISCAL IMPLICATIONS 

No fiscal implications identified. 

SIGNIFICANT ISSUES 

The RED comments: 

This bill provides much needed clarity to multiple trade certifications establishing that 

inspectors can be certified in more than one discipline. Multiple certified inspectors 

serve to significantly improve inspection times. The bill also clearly establishes that, for 

the purposes of this act, jurisdictions and trade jurisdictions are the general, mechanical, 

electrical and petroleum gas. 

The creation of the Certified Building Official (CBO) or municipalities and counties with 

inspection services establishes an arm of oversight for code compliance at the local level 

when the state is not performing inspections. This ensures standards, and helps create 

uniformity and consistency in inspections and code interpretations. A grandfather clause 

for five (5) years has been established for individuals employed as chief building officials 

at the time of passage of this bill. 

MOU’s for adjacent areas, and areas within a one hundred (100) mile radius, are 

established. This allows remote areas to share certified building official and inspection 

resources. This is especially beneficial for smaller municipalities and counties with no 

certified building official in its employ as it allows them to maintain inspection services 

while sharing a CBO with an adjacent county or municipality, or is within a one hundred 

(100) mile radius. It helps the localities sharing resources to identify who is inspecting 

where. And since the Construction Industries Licensing Act mandates the state has 

jurisdiction over code compliance statewide, regardless of the permitting municipality or 

county, it offers the state the same information for compliance investigations. 

A statewide inspectors certificate is established, renewable every three years on the 

national certifying code organization’s CEU cycle, listing the trades in which the 

inspector is certified. This bill clearly establishes the inspector certificate requires 

renewal just like all other practicing professionals in the state. Adding CEU requirements, 

as set forth by the nationally certifying code organization, creates standards for inspectors 

to ensure all inspectors are current on code cycle changes and that they are qualified to 

perform inspections. So just like contractors performing the work must test and prove 

qualifications, so should those inspecting it for life safety. 

MW/svb:blm

121 

Paradise East 306 $222,389 

256 

112 

120 

434 

$177,183 418 $165,101 

$212,224 256 $194,335 

291 

Paradise West 446 $183,897 

396 

$164,679 

$200,116 

Canoncito 0 N/A 

0 

NIA 0 NIA 

2 $60,500 

111 

5 otl2 

690-760 

210-293 

170 

162 

161 

160 

152 

151 

1 50 

1 80 

141 

140 

130 

Phone: (505) 842-1433 I Fax: (505) 842-0448 

Greater Albuquerque Association of REALTORSe 

Based on data from the Southwest Multiple Lisng Service. Data is deemed reliable not guaranteed. 

© 2013 Greater Albuquerque Association of REALT0RS 

Valencia County 435 $158,844 

381 

$161,502 372 $135,929 

411 

$142,011 

East Mountain Area 312 $243,905 

281 

$250,694 287 $229,747 

336 

$241,607 

Placitas 58 $462,551 

67 

$432,706 64 $434,715 

79 

$388,714 

Bernalifio/Algodones 42 $238,054 

70 

$250,756 89 $211,805 

94 

$244,841 

Rio Rancho Northwes 2 $145,450 

0 

N/A I $1 00,000 

C 

N/A 

Rio Rancho Central 249 $151,390 

243 

$148,637 208 $136,554 

236 

$134,860 

Rio Rancho North 176 $215,743 

173 

$204,513 173 $191,926 

159 

$202,538 

Rio Rancho Mid-West 23 $130,578 

24 

$125,602 35 $124,011 33 

$110,092 

Rio Raricho Mid-North 201 $254,143 

175 

$238,063 166 $226,157 

177 

$223,529 

Rio Rancho Mid 404 $180,147 381 

$169,496 449 $167,546 

430 

$168,264 

Rio Rancho Southwes 2 $139,700 

6 

$165,435 I $145,000 

3 

$121,843 

Rio Raricho South 170 $219,958 

180 

$215,533 184 $195353 

224 

$210,259 

Corrales 70 $466,260 

75 

$460211 84 $430,598 

98 

$420,290 

Ladera Heights 376 $164,565 

301 $154,522 308 $144,347 384 

$141,114

toad/Street Parcel Address Date Sold Applicant Name Mailing Address CityState Zip Company Name 

‘lariquita Rd Christopher Sandoval 3831 Singer Blvd Suite C Albuquerque, NM 87109 The Source Realty LLC 

amino De Lucia Shireen Jacobs 6240 Riverside Plaza Ste Albuquerque, NM 87120 Keller Williams 

orrales Rd Joe R. Romero 8814 Horizon Blvd NE Aibuquerque,NM 8713 Canvels & Stove Realty 

aminoDe Lucia Robert B. Vigil 6767 Academy Rd NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 CoIdwell Banker Company 

eclining acres Sandy Rasmussen 10300 Cottonwood Park Albuquerque, NM 87114 CoIdwell Banker Legacy 

aBe de Bias Robert Boverie 6767 Academy Rd. Albuquerque, NM 87109 Coldweli Banker Legacy 

amino de Ia Paloma Robert Boverie 6767 Academy Rd. Albuquerque, NM 87109 CoIdweil Banker Legacy 

aseo de Corrales Sean Remington 6240 Riverside Properties, Albuquerque, NM 87120 Remington Properties LLC 

enorio Rd Jeanne Kuriyan 6240 Riverside Plaza Dr Albuquerque, NM 87120 Keller Williams 

arghatta Road Robin Riegor 10400 Academy Rd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87111 Colclwell Banker Legacy 

io Oreodo Robin Riegor 10400 Academy Rd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87111 Coldweil Banker Legacy 

aldillo Lane Robin Riegor 10400 Academy Rd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87111 Coldwell Banker Legacy 

lest Meadowlark Robin Riegor 10400 Academy Rd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87111 Coldwell Banker Legacy 

pplewood Robin Riegor 10400 Academy Rd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87111 Coldwell Banker Legacy 

nya Robin Riegor 10400 Academy Rd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87111 Coldwell Banker Legacy 

abezon Robin Riegor 10400 Academy Rd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87111 Coldwell Banker Legacy 

Id Church Road Robin Riegor 10400 Academy Rd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87111 Coldwell Banker Legacy 

Jemez Trail Robin Riegor 10400 Academy Rd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87111 Coldweil Banker Legacy 

Jobles Lane Robin Riegor 10400 Academy Rd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87111 Coldwell Banker Legacy 

Iikaela Road Robin Riegor 10400 Academy Rd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87111 Coidwell Banker Legacy 

lission Ridge Robin Riegor 10400 Academy Rd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87111 Colciwell Banker Legacy 

st La Entrada Robin Riegor 10400 Academy Rd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87111 Coldwell Banker Legacy 

(hitehorse Lane Robin Riegor 10400 Academy Rd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87111 Coldwell Banker Legacy 

nya Robin Riegor 10400 Academy Rd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87111 CoIdweli Banker Legacy 

:elo Azul Mary Blunier 6240 Riverside Plaza In Albuquerque, NM 87120 Keller Williams Realty 

obles Lane Dana McGuire 10300 Cottonwood PK. Albuquerque, NM 87114 Coldwell Banker Legacy 

rey Road Sean Remington 6240 Riverside Plaza Lane Albuquerque, NM 87120 Remington Properties 

lorning Sun Trail Eric Harris 8200 Carmel NE Albuquerque, NM 87122 Coldwell banker Legacy 

Entrada Linda Joyce 8300 Carmel Ave NE Albuquerque, NM 87122 Remax Elite 

Id Church Road Dismas Desloge 3916 Juan Tabo NE Suite Albuquerque, NM 87111 Equity NM 

. La 

mino Arco iris ,qi Sandy Rasmussen 6719 Academy Road Albuquerque, NM 87109 Coldwell Banker Legacy 

Meadowlark Lone Guthrie 6240 Riverside Plaza Ln. Albuquerque, NM 87120 Keller Williams Realty 

in Andres Shireen Jacob 6240 Riverside Plaza In Albuquerque, NM 87120 Keller Williams Realty 

d School House Rd Jeanne Kuriyan 6240 Riverside Plaza Ln Albuquerque, NM 87120 Keller Williams 

bino Janie Gilmore-Daniels 6703 Academy Rd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 Keller Williams Realty 

aquin Court Sean Remington 6240 Riverside Plaza Lane Albuquerque,NM 87120 Keller Williams Realty

FISCAL IMPACT REPORT 

Building North. 

Previously issued FIRs and attachments may be obtained from the LFC in Suite 101 of the State Capitol 

(www.nmlegis.gov). Adobe PDF versions include all attachments, whereas HTML versions may not. 

Current FIRs (in HTML & Adobe PDF formats) are available on the NM Legislative Website 

if they are used for other purposes. 

• Delays COLA eligibility from 2 to 7 full years, subject to a 4-year phase-in period. 

• Reduces the COLA from 3 percent to 2 percent for most retirees. 

Cost of Living Adjustment (COLA) 

The Senate Finance Committee Substitute for Senate Bill 27 amends the Public Employees 

Retirement Act and incorporates most aspects of the original Public Employees Retirement 

Association (PERA) Board’s proposal endorsed by the Investments and Pensions Oversight 

Committee. The bill affects all current members and retirees, and adds a new tier of benefit 

structure for new members on or after July 1, 2013. 

The substitute bill implements the following changes: 

Synopsis of Original Bill 

and language in the body of the substitute bill. 

The Senate Finance Committee amendment to Senate Bill 27 makes minor changes to the title 

Synopsis of SFC Amendment 

SUMMARY 

LFC Files 

SOURCES OF INFORMATION 

ESTIMATED ADDITIONAL OPERATING BUDGET IMPACT (dollars in thousands) 

(Parenthesis ( ) Indicate Revenue Decreases) 

(Parenthesis ( ) Indicate Expenditure Decreases) 

FY13 FY14 FY15 

$30,722.8 $38,915.6 Recurring PERA 

or Nonrecurring Affected 

Estimated Revenue Recurring Fund 

REVENUE (dollars in thousands) 

ANALYST Hanika-Ortiz 

SHORT TITLE Public Employee Retirement Changes SB CS/27/aSFC 

SPONSOR SFC 

LAST UPDATED 03/09/13 HB 

ORIGINAL DATE 01/29/13 

committees of the NM Legislature. The LFC does not assume responsibility for the accuracy of these reports 

Fiscal impact reports (FIRS) are prepared by the Legislative Finance Committee (LFC) for standing finance

Senate Bill CS/27/aSFC — Page 2 

• Provides a 2.5 percent COLA for members retired 25 or more years and disabilityretired 

members, whose annual pensions are $20,000 or less. 

• Suspends the COLA for return-to-work retirees during reemployment with 

Educational Retirement Board (ERB) or PERA-affiliated employers. 

Employee and Employer Contribution Rates and Other 

• Increases the statutory employee contribution rate 1.5 percent for employees that earn 

$20,000 or more in annual salary. 

• Increases the statutory employer contribution rate 0.4 percent beginning FY15. 

• Increases the pension maximum from 80 percent to 90 percent of final average salary. 

• Provides municipal employers participating in an employee contribution “pick-up” 

relief from the employee contribution increase. 

• Adjusts proportionately the earned service credit under different PERA plans for a 

“blended” pension benefit. 

New Benefit Structure after July 1. 2013 

• Increases age and service requirements: 

o General employees: Rule of 85 

o Public safety employees: 25 years and out 

• Lengthens the final average salary from 3 years to 5 years. 

• Increases the vesting period from 5 years to 8 years for state general and from 5 years 

to 6 years for public safety members. 

• Lowers the annual service credit by 0.5 percent for most plans. 

FISCAL IMPLICATIONS 

The table above reflects new revenues from increasing the employee contribution 1.5 percent 

beginning FY14 and increasing the employer contribution 0.4 percent beginning FY15. 

The proposed changes in the substitute bill are in response to the PERA’s increasing unfunded 

liability and deteriorating funded status. Last year, the PERA’s unfunded liability increased from 

$4.9 billion to $6.2 billion and its funded status decreased from 70.5 percent to 65.3 percent. 

These dramatic changes were due to the recognition of investment losses since 2008, 

contributions for some that do not support the generous benefit, a compounded 3 percent COLA 

awarded annually no matter the rate of inflation and the lack of a minimum retirement age. 

The PERA COLA accounts for about 30 percent of the plan’s liabilities. Reducing the COLA 

from 3 percent to 2 percent will immediately reduce the PERA’s unfunded liability by more than 

$1 billion. As most of the benefit reductions are limited to new employees, the proposed changes 

will slow the growth in liabilities going forward but have little impact on the existing liability. 

The PERk estimates the plan will reach a funded ratio of about 90 percent by 2042 under the 

substitute bill, assuming the Legislature funds the 0.4 percent employer contribution rate increase 

and the plan earns 7.75 percent on investments long-term. If neither is realized, the other 

changes proposed in the bill may not go far enough to ensure long-term solvency.

Senate Bill CS/27/aSFC — Page 3 

SIGNIFICANT ISSUES 

The Legislative Finance Committee (LFC) has noted concerns in the past that the assumptions 

used in the valuations may overstate the positive impact of any proposed changes. In future 

years, it is likely that further legislation may be necessary to achieve solvency. 

The PERA reports that the contribution increase for employees would be accomplished by 

removing the sunset on the 1.5 percent contribution swap scheduled to end June 30, 2013. 

However, the House Appropriation and Finance Committee Substitute for House Bill 2 for the 

2013 legislative session provides an appropriation for personal services and employee benefits 

that would allow the contribution swap to sunset per law. The net effect would be that as 

expected, take home pay increases for some employees would not be realized. 

The bill increases the pension maximum to 90 percent which may create an incentive to work 

longer and decrease the time the employee is collecting a pension. A key criticism of employerpaid 

retirement benefits is the liability long after an employee has left the organization. 

All service credit earned on or after July 1, 2013 will be subject to a “blended” pension benefit. 

Currently, if a PERA member earns service credit under one or more PERA member coverage 

plans, his or her pension is calculated under the coverage plan providing the highest benefit. 

About 1,100 grandfathered-in reemployed retirees with the PERA, as well as the PERA retirees 

employed by ERB-covered employers, will have their COLA suspended effective July 1, 2013 

for the duration of their reemployment. 

PERFORMANCE IMPLICATIONS 

Article XX, Section 22 of the New Mexico Constitution, (D) reads: “Upon meeting the minimum 

service requirements.. .a member of a plan shall acquire a vested property right with due process 

protections under the applicable provisions of the New Mexico and United States constitutions.” 

However, Subsection E reads: “Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit 

modifications to retirement plans that ... preserve the actuarial soundness of an affected trust 

fund or individual retirement plan.” The PERA believes this test has been met because actuarial 

studies show the changes are necessary to maintain the actuarial soundness of the plans. 

ADMINISTRATIVE IMPLICATIONS 

The PERA will be required to modify its pension administration system to administer the 

proposed pension reforms. 

OTHER SUBSTANTIVE ISSUES 

The substitute bill includes a phase-in period to lessen the impact of a spike in retirement on 

public employers: 

• retirees on or before June 30, 2014, 2 full calendar years 

• retirees between July 1, 2014 and June 30, 2015, 3 full calendar years 

• retirees between July 1, 2015 and June 30, 2016, 4 full calendar years 

• retirees on or after July 1, 2016, 7 full calendar years

Senate Bill C5127/aSFC — Page 4 

The bill makes no change to the one calendar year eligibility period for retirees that are age 65 or 

older or that retired under disability. 

CONFLICT, DUPLICATION, COMPANIONSHiP, RELATIONSHIP 

SB 26 authorizes the PERA Board to change contribution rates and cost-of-living adjustments. 

SB 121 allows retirees to be reemployed as undersheriffs and chiefs-of-police and requires 

employer and employee contributions. 

SB 168 allows retirees to be reemployed as state police, adult correctional and municipal police 

officers and requires employer and employee contributions. 

SB 86 amends the PERA Act’s calculation of FAS for determining pension benefits. 

SB 25 changes the age and service credit requirements in the Judicial and Magistrate Retirement 

Acts. 

HB 95 amends the Judicial and Magistrate Retirement Acts by delaying and reducing the COLA, 

decreasing the pension multiplier July 1, 2013 and increasing age and service requirements. 

ALTERNATIVES 

The legislature may want to consider a minimum retirement age and COLA tied to inflation. For 

instance, the COLA could be awarded closer to eligibility for Social Security and equal to 75 

percent of the change in CPI, with a ceiling of 1.5 percent and floor of 0.5 percent. That way, 

neither the retiree nor the taxpayer suffers too greatly from extremes. Some states are providing a 

COLA on the first $35,000 or $40,000 of benefits or only allowing it to compound after age 65. 

Another option to reduce spending is to decrease the multiplier to 2 percent for new hires. That 

would allow an employee working 30 or 35 years to retiree at 60 or 70 percent of their final 

average salary. That amount in concert with Social Security providing a replacement income of 

30 to 40 percent would provide a stable income at retirement approximating the income earned 

those final working years. There may be little support from the taxpayer for a public retirement 

system that eventually provides a public employee income greater than what was earned those 

final working years, when combined with social security and an automatic compounded COLA. 

The PERA plan does not include a minimum retirement age or age-based reductions which may 

discourage retirement before age 60 or age 65. Under a new tier, the ERB proposal includes a 

minimum retirement age of 55 and reduces the benefit 2.4 percent if the member retires before 

age 65 and reduces it 7.2 percent if the member retires before age 60. A minimum retirement age 

might also go a long way in helping preserve retiree health care benefits for future retirees. 

WHAT WILL BE THE CONSEQUENCES OF NOT ENACTING THIS BILL 

The credit ratings agencies could downgrade New Mexico because of its failure to improve 

pension plans fund balances which is important to credit analyses. 

AHO/blm:svb

1. Tasks and Services: 

October-December 2012 

considering starting and/or expanding in Corrales: 

(20) Awaiting response from Village staff. 

I) Develop and produce resource materials for Corrales businesses and individuals 

B. Economic Development 

(1Q) No activity 

Martinez/Perea Hall to maintain the historical nature of the building. 

(2Q) Worked with the Corrales Historical Society to re-mudd the historical 

v) Serve as advisor to Village on Historic Preservation issues/questions 

(1Q) Meeting scheduled for 11-7-12. 


iv) Work with the “Trails Team” and update Master Trails Plan: 

(1Q) Next step is to write a Strategic Plan 

“Other” Economic Development Strategic Plans are being reviewed. 

(2Q) First step is the development of an Economic Development Strategic Plan. 

iii) Complete process for Village LEDA certification 

(1Q) No activity. 


ii) Research potential sources for funds: 

completion of DOT survey. 

Group on completion of engineering and design work for the pathway. Awaiting 

(1Q) Proposals being sought for landscape planning. Discussions with Larkin 

project. 

Group continues to complete work on the design and engineering for the 

(2Q Landscape architect selected. Awaiting completion of DOT survey. Larkin 

i) Monitor and administer Grant for Pathway Project: 

A. Planning 

Corrales MainStreet Quarterly Report

(1Q) Draft materials provided to the Village staff. Awaiting feedback from the 

Village staff with regard to materials. 

ii) 

iii) 

Develop a program to encourage expansion of home based businesses in Corrales: 

(2Q) Home based business Fair scheduled for August 18, 2013. 

(10) No activity. 

Determine opportunities for and initiate a working relationship with Rio Rancho 

Economic Development, Inc. and Sandoval County Economic Development Dept. 

(2Q) Jim Covell met with Rio Ranch ED 


iv) 

Determine availability of resources & funding to update the BBER report & initiate if 

available 

(20) Contacted UNM — waiting reply 

(1Q) The State no longer has BBER on contract to update community profile 

due to budget cuts. Basic data available from ESRI and the Census Bureau 

but research needs to be done to find someone to do the charts. 

v) Task on Hold at the direction of Village of Corrales 

(2Q) On Hold 

(10) On Hold 

C. Promotion, Advertising, and Tourism 

i) Update, print and distribute promotional material: 

Ongoing 

ii) 

Produce and distribute media ads: 

(2Q) Purchased 1/3 page ad in New Mexico Vacation Guide. In addition to 

standard distribution via visitor requests and visitors centers, the vacation guide 

was included as a Sunday insert in the drive distance markets: Amarillo, 

Phoenix, Denver and El Paso. Ad was paid for in part through grant money 

obtained from New Mexico Tourism Department. 

Co-op ads with Corrales Historical Society for Jolly Holidays in the Albuquerque 

Journal, IQ and Alibi. 

(10) Procured 1/3 page ad in New Mexico Magazine highlighting Corrales 

Harvest Festival. Ad was co-op buy between Corrales MainStreet, Corrales 

Historical Society and Corrales Kiwanis.

(10) No activity 


November $248.92 

December $377.28 

used for advertising to potential visitors residing 75 miles or more from 

Corrales. 

(10) Awarded a $2,000 grant from the New Mexico Tourism Department to be 


(10) No Activity 


(20) MainStreet News distributed to 8000 

the 9500+ visitors to the Village. Planning has begun for the Starlight Parade 

Harvest Festival. Wine Fair had 675 visitors and both events were exposed to 

and activities associated with the parade. Parade date is December 1, 2012. 

(10) Scarecrow Festival and Wine Fair were held in conjunction with Corrales 

(10) Calendar updated. Event pictures and business added. 

(20) Calendar updated with numerous community activities and blog updated. 

groups and travel writers to Corrales: 

iii) Encourage & collaborate with ACVB & New Mexico Tourism Dept. to bring tour 

iv) Develop and refine website including updating community event calendar 

v) Continue annual community events to include 4th of July, Starlight Parade, Jolly 

Holidays, Sunday in Corrales and Scarecrow Showcase 

(2Q) Shop Corrales promotion was publicized and the Starlight Parade and St. 

Nick Nite went very well! 

D. MainStreet News 

(1Q) Main Street News distributed to 6500 

E. Corrales Artisans 

2. Goal Indicators: 

A. Grant Dollars 

B. L.odgers Tax 

(2Q) October $796.51

Sept $423.17 

3. See attached “Statistical” Matrix. 

(10.) In process 

(2Q) 40 members — 

(1Q) Approximately 742 businesses are registered. 

(2ojApproximately 746 businesses registered. 

D. Registered Business in Corrales 

(10.) Not available for this quarter yet. Reporting is delayed. 

(2Q)GRT for the period was 483,522.20 

C. Retail Sector GRT 

E. Increase MainStreet Membership 

new 

and renewals 

Aug $499.90 

(10.) July $566.99

Corrales MainStreet 2012-2013 

Reporting Matrix 

1st qtr 

2nd qtr 

3rd qtr 

4th qtr 

Event Attendance: (July-Sept) (Oct-Dec) (Jan-Mar) (Apr-June) Comments-Current Qtr. 

a) Garden Tour 

2011-2012 861 

2012-2013 

b) Business after 

Hours 

2011-2012 30 35 30 35 

2012-2013 35 

c)__Starry_Night 

2011-2012 125 

2012-2013 179 

d)__4th_of July_Parade 

2011-2012 X 


e)__Starlight_Parade 

2011-2012 X 

2012-2013 X 

f) Scarecrow Festival 

2011-2012 

2012-2013 X CHF attendance 9500+ 

g)__Wine_Fair 

2011-2012 

2012-2013 675 

h)_Jolly_Holidays 

2011-2012 

2012-2013 X 

I) Sunday in Corrales 

2011-2012 


j) Ribbon cuttings 

2011-2012 40 40 15 

2012-2013 40 Corrales Realty 

Economic_Development: 

a) Training 6 

b) Communication 0 

c) New business 1 

d) Closed business 1 

e) Business Contacts 40 

Prospects 

Existing 

businesses 

Volunteer Hours: 

a) Corrales 378.25 259 

b)_Qtrly_State_mtgs. 

c)__Regional/National

Promotion: 

a) Web site 

b) “Hits” 117,684 

c) “Page Views” 19,222 

d) Media 2 ads 5 ads 

e) MainStreet News 6500 8000

— 

— 

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REX 0. BAKER, Professor Emeritus, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, 

SOUTUERN CALIFORNIA 

IMPLEMENTED TO PREVENT OR REDUCE ATTACKS ON HUMANS AND PETS IN 

A REVIEW OF SUCCESSFUL URBAN COYOTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS 

I ê11 

382 

Prior to the tragic fatal coyote (CanEs 

latrans) attack in August 1981 on a 3-yearold 

girl, Kelley Keen, in Glendale, 

United States were primarily implemented 

towards protecting all wildlife; and pleas to 

California (Howell 1982, Baker and Timm 

protect pets and humans from coyotes had 

been resisted by most governmental 

INTRODUCTION 

in California urban areas leaned heavily 

to protect livestock and poultry. The attack 

was also a warning to the public that coyotes 

groups. The social and political atmosphere 

constant denial of numerous animal rights 

1998), coyote control programs in the 

do present a risk to human safety despite the 

agencies despite seven reported humaninjury 

attacks and numerous pet losses to 

Angeles (LA) County over the four 

preceding years (Howell 1982). There had 

other populated areas both day and night. 

looking through sliding glass doors and 

windows at their pets, laying on patio chaise 

Many residents even reported coyotes 

lounges, and chasing dogs through doggy 

political attitudes, and a plan for coyote 

abruptly changed the balance of social and 

bold coyotes in yards, parks, streets, and 

The tragic loss of a young child 

coyotes in nearby communities of Los 

also been concern for over a decade about 

doors, etc. (Howell 1982). 

Arjo, D.H. Stalman, Eds). 2007 

Proceedings of the 12 

Management Conference (D.L. Nolte, W.M. 

th Wildlife Damage 

urban coyote, wildlife/human safety 

Key words: coyote, coyote behavior, coyote human attacks, coyote pet attacks, human safety, 

coyotes, public reaction, and the role of public relations including public education emphasizing 

programs to increase public safety. This presentation will focus on the success of numerous 

programs including: small neighborhoods, industrial sites, parks, large city and county-wide 

projects. Local environmental conditions attracting coyotes, specific problems caused by the 

reviewed. Trapping remains the most effective tool in removing problem coyotes and re 

California in 1981, government agencies have emphasized developing coyote management 

environmental management, will be discussed. Coyote population monitoring regarding 

behavior patterns, aversive conditioning, and coyote population reduction methods will be 

instilling the fear of humans in most cases; however, calling and shooting by well trained 

personnel are also a very important tool and sometimes the only option. However, factors in the 

environment influenced by human behavior must be changed to prevent re-occurrences of urban 

coyote conflicts with humans and pets. Wildlife must always be considered to be wild, not 

cuddly friends! 

Abstract Since the fatal coyote (Canis latrans) attack on a 3-year-old girl in Glendale, 

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management was developed despite protests 

and court action filed by rniim1 rights and 

animal welfare groups against some 

agencies and the parents of the child (Robert 

Howell, Deputy Agricultural Commissioner, 

Los Angeles County retired; Richard 

Wightman, Deputy Agriculture 

Commissioner, Los Angeles County retimd; 

and Capt. Michael S. Post; Glendale Police 

Dept., peTs. comm.). The program evolved 

over several years by local and Los Angeles 

County agencies has served as a model for 

development of other urban coyote 

management programs. 

TIlE 

FIRST SUCCESSFUL URBAN 

COYOTE PROGRAM 

Glendale, Los Angeles County, 1981 

Following the fatal coyote attack on 

the 3-year-old girl, an immediate evaluation 

of the attack site and surrounding suburban 

area was conducted by the Los Angeles 

County Agriculture Commissioner’s office 

and Glendale Humane Society personnel, 

with input from the state Department of Fish 

and Game. This action was requested by the 

Glendale City Police Department and the 

County Board of Supervisors (Howell 

1982). Coyote populations were found to be 

abnormally high. The diet was found to be 

high in anthropogenic items such as pet 

food, garbage, small pets, avocadoes and 

other fniit, vegetable gardens, and seeds and 

fruit from ornamental plants, as well as 

cottontail rabbits and small rodents (Howell 

1982, Wirtz et al. 1982, Shargo 1988, Baker 

and Timm 1998). It is also important to note 

that a neighbor of the Keen family had been 

asked by the parents to stop feeding coyotes 

and other wildlife due to the increased 

coyote activity (Robert Howell, Deputy Ag. 

Commissioner retired, pers. comm.). 

According to Howell, an immediate, 

large-scale public safety program, developed 

by the County Agriculture Commissioner 

and the Glendale Police Department, was 

initiated utilizing all local news media 

regarding coyote hazards, hazing techniques, 

how to protect children and pets, and to 

inform the public that traps were going to be 

set for coyotes. The program also had a 

coyote complaint and information phone 

line to help calm the public and to gather 

information on other potential problem 

areas. 

(0.8 km) from the attack site was defined as 

the specific target area. Padded, offset-jaw 

leghold traps were the primary method used; 

however, due to the extremely high coyote 

numbers and boldness of this population, 

shooting was also implemented in specific 

safe areas. Within 80 days, 55 coyotes had 

been trapped or shot within the target area 

(Howell 1982). The removal of these 

coyotes and the change of habitat brought 

about by the education program drastically 

reduced reports of pet attacks, and there was 

no report further human injury in 

Glendale for over 20 years (Lt. Todd Stokes, 

Glendale Police Department, pers. Comm.) 

Glendale Police Department 

assigned Captain Michael S. Post to 

coordinate this urban coyote management 

program in the city; he did so for nearly 20 

years. The coyote hotline continued, 

following the initial control period, as did 

other forms of monitoring coyote behavior, 

and public education. These programs were 

locally operated by the police department, 

which advised citizens on human and pet 

safety, prevention of attractive habitats, 

hazing methods, and other essential 

information. Coyote activity monitoring 

remains an integral part the program. This 

program is now under the direction of 

Lieutenant Todd Stokes, who now refers 

people to coyote web sites but continues to 

monitor calls related to coyote activity. 

Suspected coyote problem activity areas are 

referred to the Agriculture Commissioner’s 

Anareawitharariius ofhalfatnile 

of 

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biologists, who further evaluate the area and 

provide residents with more public 

education and/or implement a trapping 

program targeting the specific problem 

coyotes in the immediate areas. The 

biologists and trappers continue to evaluate 

the programs effectiveness by monitoring 

the coyote population to prevent future 

problems. 

According to Howell (1982), in 

addition to the Glendale program, a longrange 

plan to help protect the public from 

future attacks or damage from coyotes was 

initiated by the Los Angeles County Board 

of Supervisors, as the Agriculture 

Commissioner was directed to implement 

education and assist other city animal 

control agencies and unincorporated areas in 

the county with the management of coyotes. 

Current budgetary constraints make it 

necessary for incorporated cities and home 

owner associations (HOAs) to now contract 

with the commissioner or with private 

Nuisance Wildlife Control Operators 

(NWCOs) for these services (Jim Hartman, 

Acting Deputy Agricullure Commissioner, 

pers. comm.). The commissioner’s program 

continues to be veryeffective in educating 

the public on coyote issues and has active 

coyote management programs in numerous 

communities within Los Angeles County. 

However, some communities wait until the 

coyotes are too habituated to the urban 

habitat to easily change behavior by hazing 

or removal of one or two coyotes. In these 

situations, a larger number of coyotes may 

need to be removed in order to stop or 

prevent human injury. Some communities, 

including Calabasas (Conrad Burton, Los 

Angeles Agriculture Commissioner Office, 

pers. comm.) Hidden Hills (Troy Spiliman, 

Wildlife Management Professionals, 

personal communication), and Diamond Bar 

(William Taber, Inland Valley Humane 

Society, pers. comm.), have continued to 

educate the public and monitor coyote 

behavior change. They also contract with 

the Los Angeles County Agricultural 

Conirnissioner or private NWCOs to 

investigate, and when necessary, trap and 

euthanize coyotes in specific target areas to 

prevent them from becoming bold enough to 

cause human injury. An increase in pet 

losses or coyotes approaching humans is 

most often what initiates calls to the person 

monitoring coyote activity. These 

communities have not had reports of human 

injury by coyotes, and they report that pet 

losses are significantly lower than prior to 

program initiation. A more recent, proactive 

task the Los Angeles Agriculture 

Commissioner initiated in 2004 was the 

formation of the “Urban Wildlife 

Management Association,” which serves to 

pool resoijrces from numerous other 

agencies and wildlife management 

stakeholders, including universities and 

private industry that have an interest in 

“Safely Managing the Los Angeles County 

Biodiversity”. This forum has been used to 

discuss many human/wildlife conflict issues, 

and it has improved communication between 

participants on numerous sensitive issues 

regarding. the need for wildlife management 

in urban settings. 

OTBER SUCCESSFUL PROGRAMS 

A portion of this discussion will 

relate program initiation, effort, and success 

to observed changes in coyote behavior that 

indicate an increasing risk to human safety 

(see Timm et al. 2004). These stages of 

behavioral change are often predictable and 

occur in this sequence: 

1. An increase in observing coyotes on 

streets and in yards at night 

2. An increase in coyotes approaching 

adults and/or taking pets at night. 

3. Early morning and late afternoon 

daylight observance of coyotes on streets 

andinparks and yards. 

384 

._.c.11 ,,n,,ni-, nIF, *

coyotes chasing joggers, bicyclists, and 

leash or in close proximity to their owners; 

5. Coyotes attacking and taking pets on 

heavy jump suit but still suffered numerous 

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_4 1 1 

bold coyote activity. By late summer, 

or carrying cats (FelLs catus) and rabbits 

have been noted as a precursor to increased 

bold coyotes fed on what was left. In 

Rangers noted in early summer 1994, 

four months prior to the first human injury 

(SyMlagus spp.) in turf and picnic areas. 

1995 

attack, coyotes frequently being seen during 

early and late daylight hours in Griffith 

Remains of cats, skunks and rabbits were 

commonly found in these public use areas. 

were attacked and injured, and a 15-monthold 

girl was attacked and carried from a car 

seat on a picnic table for some distance 

before her mother was able to beat off the 

the leg or foot. In the following spring and 

The child had been partially protected by a 

visitors began reporting coyotes begging for 

or areas away from their picnic meals while 

October 1994, an adult male was bitten on 

Park. Coyotes were also often seen chasing 

food, followed by people retreating to cars 

summer days (noon to 5 pm), five adults 

coyote and rescue the child (Baker and 

Griffith Park Head Ranger, pers. comm.). 

Timm 1998; Capt. Hector Hernandez, 

This stage 3 and 4 coyote activity should 

Griffith Park, City of Los Angeles, July 

the higher the chances of success in 

lower the amount of resources needed and 

adults during mid-day. 

6. Coyotes seen in and around 

7. Coyotes acting aggressively toward 

other adults. 

children’s play areas, school grounds, and 

parks in mid-day. 

Generally, the earlier in the sequence the 

preventing attacks on humans. 

coyote management program is initiated, the 

chasing or taking pets. 

4. Daylight observance of coyotes 

385 

Los Angeles City Park Rangers and the City 

found in numerous trash cans and around 

contained food wrapping material, chicken 

habitat conditions noted included heavy 

bulk dumpsters, which had large holes in the 

evaluation. This was done by the author, 

who was brought in as a consultant to the 

Council, who were alarmed by a coyote 

attacking a child. Human food scraps were 

bottom and sides. Scat found on trails near 

two specific attack locations within the park 

same items, as well as with rabbit and cat 

remains (Baker and Timm 1998). Attractive 

bush and landscaping around grassy picnic 

and play areas, plentiful human food, feral 

and to provide handout information to all 

use areas whenever patrons were in the park. 

cats, rabbits, and unwary humans. 

As the second step, the city was 

bones, and skunk and cat hair. Bedding 

areas used by coyotes were littered with the 

advised to post coyote danger warning signs 

persons entering the park, askIng them to 

However, this coyote population had been 

remove coyotes in specific target areas until 

to aggressively haze the coyotes near public 

report coyote sightings to rangers, who were 

hazed using noise devices since the first bite 

The third step in the program was to 

and to remove the animal that attacked the 

hire a team of trained sharpshooters, due to 

the immediate threat to public safety, to 

incident; with little apparent change in 

coyote behavior. 

acceptable coyote behavior was observed, 

improvement, addressing thinning and skirt 

removal of shrubs, covering trash cans, 

replacing damaged dumpsters, enforcement 

documentation of coyote activity. The 

discouraging feral cat feeding, and 

ofthe wildlife feeding ban, public education, 

child. The fourth step was habitat 

puncture wounds to the thigh. 

The first step in developing an urban 

coyote program is a site inspection and

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attack sites and in an undeveloped 10-acre 

hillside and a 50-acre park about a quartermile 

north of the bite sites, but within 50 

yards of where the dinner party had been 

interrupted. Leghold traps were placed in 

trails leading from both areas, but not near 

the park due to the numerous walking trails. 

Traps were placed where trapped animals 

would most likely not be seen by the public. 

It appeared that two family coyote units 

were involved. Seven coyotes were trapped 

and euthanized. There were no reports of 

human attacks or incidents for the following 

7 years; coyotes were occasionally sighted at 

night, but they were very wary ofhumans. 

Forster Ranch Area, San Clemente, 

Orange County, May 1992 

A 5-year-old girl was bitten on her 

back while climbing a ladder on her swing 

set, frying to get away from a coyote that 

had jumped the rear wall of her yard from a 

heavily landscaped bank (Baker and Timm 

1998). The child’s mother heard her 

screams and chased the coyote away with a 

garden implement. The public and 

governmental agencies and the HOA reacted 

quicidy with safety and coyote prevention 

information. According to S an Clemente 

Animal Control Administrator Gene 

Begnell, there had been about a month of 

reported dog and cat attacks (8 in all), and 

coyotes were regularly seen day and night 

on the streets and in yards. There was stage 

3, 4, and 6 coyote activity reported prior to 

the attack. A licensed childcare facility had 

reported having a coyote in the rear yard 

play area every morning about 7:30 to 8:30. 

The coyote stalked the play area and laid in 

wait for some time before leaving. This 

activity was observed by the author and a 

NWCO employee. Attractive habitat 

conditions noted included heavily 

landscaped overgrown common area slopes, 

pet food, garbage, small pets, pet water, 

numerous landscape fruits, and rabbits and 

rodents around lawn and garden areas. 

Leghold traps were placed on several active 

trails in protected landscape areas and on 

several trails in adjacent bnishy and grass 

land areas, trapping five coyotes. Two 

coyotes were shot at night in an area heavily 

used by dog walkers in early morning, 

where traps could not be set. Following the 

program, coyotes were no longer seen in 

daylight hours, and when seen at night they 

shied away from humans. This development 

is surrounded on two sides by thousands of 

acres of native brush and grasslands and is 

in a canyon where two large drainage areas 

join from the mountains to the east. There is 

an abundant coyote population in this area, 

which has been closed to hunting for years. 


Orange County, October 2001 

Nine years after the first bite 

incident, several children were bitten by one 

coyote on a school playground. Wildlife 

Services shot two coyotes (Timm et al. 

2004; Terry Cox, USDA, Wildlife Services, 

pers. comm.) 


Orange County, August 2005 

A 4-year-old boy was bitten on the 

shoulder while in a park in Forster Ranch. 

Wildlife Services shot one coyote (Terry 

Cox, USDA, Wildlife Services, pers. 

comm., Swegles 2005) 

South San Clemente, Orange County, 

March 1997 

A 2-year-old girl was being boldly 

stalked by a coyote, while with her father 

and another man working in the back yard. 

The father noticed the coyote in a “freeze 

mode” a few feet away, locked onto the 

child as a prey item. The coyote was 

crouched for attack when the father grabbed 

the child and began shouting and slowly 

backing away and into the house. The 

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coyote slowly crept closer until the other 

man bit it several times with a 2x4 to break 

off the attack mode, and the coyote slowly 

moved a short distance away (Baker and 

Timm 1998). Fortunately, the child did not 

move before her father grabbed her, as the 

coyote would most likely have attacked, 

since movement of prey is often the key 

stimulus for attack (Lehner 1976). 

The coyote returned at the same lime 

every morning, coming all the way up to the 

same sliding glass door the father and child 

retreated. The coyote would then lay in wait 

behind low shrubs within 10 feet of where 

the child had been.’ This behavior continued 

until the coyote was trapped in the yard. 

Attractive habitat conditions noted included 

adjacent heavy brush, a compost pile, a 

vegetable garden in the back yard, and a 

heavily-fruiting Ficus nitida tree in the front 

yard, neighbors’ pet food, house cats, rabbits 

and rodents, and a neighbor’s coy pond, all 

of which appeared to be sources of food and 

water. 

Observed coyote activity that was 

reported to the HOA and San Clemente 

Animal Regulation covered stages 1 through 

S prior to this incident. Two coyotes were 

leghold-.trapped in the yard, an adult male 

and female, and another two were trapped 

within 200 yards, on canyon trails entering 

the neighboring streets. Three others were 

taken about one mile away, where a coyote 

had been frequenting a rear yard in the 

daytime, frightening the resident One week 

into the 10-day trapping project all signs of 

coyote tracks on trails leaLiing into the HOA 

from the south and east canyons stopped. 

The .HOA began a heavy skirt pruning 

project and continued distributing 

instructions in newsletters to residents 

regarding how to avoid attracting coyotes 

and other wildlife. As of November 2001, 

there had been no more human/coyote 

encounters or heavy pet losses reported in 

this immediate area. 

San Juan Capistrano, Orange County, 

January 1997 

Eleven adult employees were 

attacked or harassed in the employee 

parking lot and on sidewalks of the Nichols 

Corning Institute, a 100-acre facility. This 

facility was surrounded by native chaparral 

to within about 20 yards of some buildings, 

and many native plants were planted in the 

landscaped areas to maintain a natural 

environment theme. There was also a large 

pond surrounded by lawn areas, giving a 

serene meadow look. For years, coyotes 

were only observed from a great distance 

occasionally, but for about two years prior to 

1996, observed behavior advanced to stage 

1. In summer 1996, about 9 months prior to 

the attacks, it increased to stages 2 and 3. 

By late fall 1996, stage 4 activity was noted, 

as coyotes were observed chasing rabbits 

and raccoons (Procyon lotor), and coyotes 

were also observed begging food from 

employees at lunch time. Some employees 

were reportedly observed feeding the noon 

time beggars. By December, the author was 

contacted by the health and safety officer to 

ask about the behavior and what they could 

do to change it. They were advised to 

inform employees of the dangers of coyotes 

that had lost fear of man, and they were 

given advice on hazing methods, as Institute 

management did not want to harm the 

coyotes. Guards and shuttle drivers began to 

harass the coyotes with horns and chasing. 

In late December, coyotes began entering 

the employee patio at noon when it was 

crowded, sending everyone back into the 

buildings. Employees were told not to take 

food outside or to put food items in outside 

trash cans. Outside trash cans were removed 

or tightly covered. 

Employee reaction varied greatly 

among the 1,000 employees. Some were 

scared to go outside for lunch, while a few 

nature lovers liked to get close to and feed 

388 

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or watch the intruders. When word spread 

that some coyotes might be trapped in order 

to re-instill fear of man into the bold ones, 

People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals 

(PETA) and other animal rights groups 

contacted Institute management with 

threatening letters from their national 

headquarters, warning Nichols Corning not 

to harm the coyotes. In early January, 

coyote behavior increased to stage 7, when a 

total of five female and two male employees 

were attacked and another four were stalked 

and chased by very aggressive coyotes but 

avoided physical contact Coyotes were 

primarily attacking people and taking 

purses, lunch pails, and bags, most likely 

looking for food that they had been getting 

from begging and out of trash cans. One 

woman was bit twice on the ankle and 

pulled to the ground while she and another 

woman beat the coyote off and began 

yelling for help. She retreated to her car and 

went to the hospital, and subsequently began 

rabies treatment One man was bitten on the 

shoe, and another man wearing a backpack 

was jumped on from behind. Most purses 

and other items taken by coyotes did not 

have any food in them. Attractive habitat 

conditions noted at the location included 

human food scraps from trash and some 

handouts, rabbits, raccoons, skunks, coy 

fish, and water. 

Shooting was recommended, as 

coyotes were coming from two fenced 

private properties. It was reported to 

management by the woman taking the rabies 

treatment that PETA would no longer 

interfere: it seems a coyote bit a PETA 

contact who quickly had to face the reality 

of the hazard of feeding coyotes. The 

shooting was done at night when fewer 

employees were on site, and in two specific 

safe zones. Calling to these areas and 

shooting produced two adult coyotes the 

first night A break of several days was 

taken to see if these were the only bold 

animals, but control was resumed aller two 

more men were attacked. Three more 

coyotes were taken in one night. Sign was 

then read on coyote trails, and shooting was 

ceased and no traps were placed, due to lack 

of coyote activity. 

All employees attended a mandatory 

wildlife safety class, and a brochure on 

wildlife was published by the employer. 

Plantings were thinned and a lot of brush 

cleared, and trash tightly secured. 

According to the Health and Safety Officer, 

Bill Maxfield (pers. comm., February 2007), 

there has been no signs of bold coyotes day 

or night for over 10 years. 

Arcadia, Los Angeles County, November 

2004 

The city of Arcadia only had 

occasional use of a coyote management 

program, when coyotes were reported 

spooking race horses at Santa Anita Race 

Track or patrons at the Los Angeles 

Arboretum. However, after November 

2004, when a woman received a bite on her 

leg while standing next to her dog, they 

began a year-round program. They now 

closely monitor all calls and contract with a 

NWCO or the Los Angeles County 

Agriculture Commissioner for investigation 

and direct coyote control, whenever they get 

pet attack calls (Linda Garcia, City of 

Arcadia, pers. comm.). The city had been 

getting complaint calls of observed coyote 

behavior changes encompassing stages 1 to 

5 before the 2004 attack, but now they only 

get reports of stage 1 or 2 behavior. 

AVERSIVE CONDITIONING AND 

COYOTE POPuLATION REDUCTION 

METHODS 

In observed coyote behavior at 

stages 1 and 2, a fair level of success was 

often obtained by use of various hazing or 

aversive conditioning methods, when 

practiced consistently every time coyotes 

389 

_.41 1 • r1 F. I’% n I • I —‘ A

- ,.c 

even years. However, in stages 3 and 

beyond, any changes in coyote behavior due 

The effect could last for several months or 

were observed in close proximity to humans. 

steel-jawed traps padded with several layers 

ofburlap were used, and later rubber-padded 

the balance of the coyote population. The 

coyotes was trapped or shot Trapping and 

lasting a few weeks or months (depending 

on the methods used), unless one or more 

effective at re-instilling the fear of man into 

following hazing and aversive conditioning 

methods have been found to be at least 

removal of several coyotes was most 

Human behavior: Yelling, waving 

populated areas. However, be safe and 

Motion activated devices: 

with these methods. 

used to take and euthanize the animal, it 

male and/or female are taken. Originally, 

partially effective: 

never corner a coyote or approach one with 

arms, and act threatening towards coyotes in 

young nearby. 

Sound devices: Firing starter pistols 

water spriniders (Scare Crowj, are most 

pans, fire crackers, whistles, or playing loud 

to hazing was usually temporary, only 

or .22 caliber blanks, air horns, banging 

scare): Paintball guns, BB guns, and pellet 

radios (news or talk shows). 

Spotlights, strobe lights, motion-activated 

effective when sound is also incorporated 

Projectiles: Throwing or using a 

slingshot to lob rocks, golf balls, or marbles 

Non-lethal firearms (shooting to 

at coyotes. 

coyotes, has been attempted, but it only 

seems to develop trap-wise (trap-shy) 

animals. However, when leghold traps are 

works well to extinguish bold behaviors 

rifles seem to be used most effectively; 

however, local and state laws often restrict 

some of these uses. 

Trapping: Capture with leghold 

traps and subsequent release, as a method to 

re-instill fear of humans into problem 

within the population, especially if the alpha 

VliCrosot’c Word - 12TABLE OF CONTENTS.doc - 382 Baker.pdf http://www.coyotebytes.org/docs/382 Baker.p 

1 1 

390 

Reducing the risk of future coyote 

regulation, and park management must take 

seriously in urban, suburban, and rural areas. 

The methods have been well tested and 

proven over the last 25 years, and they are 

listed here in order ofimportance: 

attacks onhutnans and pets is possible. It is 

safety, wildlife management, animal 

a responsibility those in charge of public 

DISCUSSION 

Collarum does seem to further reduce the 

1 trap is the most humane leghold 

Catch’ 

of nontargef animals. Leg or foot injuries 

that have been proven to be useful in urban 

CatehL leghold traps, they allow the release 

to resolve a threat to human safety by 

settings; however, they are more laborintensive 

and can’t be as easily placed as the 

have never been much of a problem, in my 

traps to be used when officially authorized 

trap, especially for nontarget animals. The 

coyotes. There are several effective leg 

snares, as well as the Collarum” neck snare, 

areas, they are checked twice daily. Traps 

the American Veterinarian Medical 

Soft Catch’ 

experience, due to use of a short chain, 

double swivels, and shock springs. The Soft 

chance of injury over leg snares, but is only 

designed to be used in a cubby set so the 

caliber short or CB carhidge, or they are put 

down with other methods recommended by 

target animal can only reach the baited 

Association. When traps are used in urban 

shooting at putting the fear of man back into 

coyote populations. 

trigger from the front. 

Target animals are often euthanized 

by shooting them in the brain area with a .22 

have proved to be more effective than 

TM trap. Like the offset and Soft 

However, a trap ban passed in California in 

November 1998 allows only padded leghold 

Soft Catch’ traps were employed.

4lcrosoft Word - 12TABLE 

OF CONTENTS.doc - 382 Baker.pdf 

http://www.coyotebytes.org/docsl382 Baker.p 

Programs to Prevent Coyotes from 

Losing Fear of Humans 

1. Public education to inform citizens 

about wildlife, what habitat components 

attract animals, and effective hazing 

methods. 

2. Development of statutes to prohibit 

feeding wildlife and regulate refuse 

handling. 

3. Develop coyote behavior monitoring 

regarding daytime activity, boldness to 

humans, pet losses, and human conflicts. 

4. Initiate coyote population reduction 

when needed. 

Programs for Existing Bold Coyote 

Problems 

1. Public education to warn about 

safety for humans and pets. 

2. Initiate monitoring of coyote 

behavior to pinpoint and evaluate potential 

problems and specific target areas. 

3. If necessary, and when feasible, start 

trapping or shooting in specific target areas. 

4. Continue to monitor behavior, as 

trapping of one or two coyotes may re 

introduce fear into the target coyote family 

group. 

5. Public education to eliminate 

components of attractive habitats, such as 

food, water, shelter, and friendly humans. 

The following statement is, in my 

opinion, still accurate: “Once coyotes have 

begun acting boldly or aggressively around 

humans, it is unlikely that any attempts at 

hazing can be applied with sufficient 

consistency or intensity to reverse the coyote 

habituation. In these circumstances, 

removal ofthe offending animals isprobably 

the only effective strategy” (Timm et al. 

2004). Public education is the key to getting 

citizens to have a good understanding of the 

problem and its causes, so that effective 

urban coyote management programs can be 

implemented with enough public support to 

reduce future attacks on humans and pets. 

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 

The author would like to thank the 

following persons for contributing to local 

urban coyote management program updates, 

data, and personal experience with aversion 

and control methods: Gene Begnell, Troy 

Boswell, Wendell Bowers, Conrad Burton, 

Terry Cox, Leo Fisher, Linda Garcia, Jim 

Hartman, Robert Howell, Doug Kilpatrick, 

Bill Maxfield, Michael S. Post, Greg 

Randall, Todd Stokes, William Tuber, and 

Richard Wighiman. I would also like to 

thank my wife, Mary Ann, and other family 

members whose support over the last 30 

years allowed me to be so actively involved 

in urban wildlife conflict issues. 

LITERATURE CrEED 

BAKER, R.O., AND R.M. TIMM. 1998., 

Management of conflicts between urban 

coyotes and humans in southern 

California. Proceedings of the 

Vertebrate Pest Conference 18:103-111. 

HOWELL, R.G. 1982. The urban coyote 

problem in Los Angeles County. 

Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest 

Conference 10:20-23. 

L1NaR, PJST. 1976. Coyote behavior: 

implications for management. Wildlife 

Society Bulletin 4:120-126. 

SHA:Roo, E.S. 1988. Home range, movement, 

and activity patterns of coyotes (Canis 

latrans) in Los Angeles suburbs. Ph.D. 

Dissertation, University of California, 

Los Angeles, CA. 76 pp. 

SWEGLES, F. 2005. Coyote shot in aftermath of 

bite incident. Orange County Register. 

San Clemente, CA, August 30, 2005. 

TEMM, R.M., R.O. BAKER, J.R. BENNEJT, AND 

C.C. C0oLAEAN. 2004. Coyote 

attacks: an increasing suburban problem. 

Transactions ot the North American 

Wildlife and Natural Resources 

Conference 69:67-88. 

391

YliCrosofi Word - 12TABLB OF CONTENTS.doc - 382 Baker.pdf 

http://www.coyotebytes.org/docs/382 Baker.i° 

Wiwiz, W.O., MA. KELLm AND W.G. 

MEIKLE. 1982. Urban coyotes in 

southern California: a progress report. 

62 Armual Meeting, American Society 

Mammalogy. Snowbird, UT. 13 pp. 

392 

ii ,cii

Mr. Knight: 

Date: Tuesday, March 12, 2013 6:41 PM 

Subject: RE: coyotebytes website 

To: “Al Knight” 

From: “Robert Tinim” 

Al Knight 

Ph: (505) 264-1656 

www.acequiawinery.com 

Al Knight 

Al Knight 

like coyote bytes but it seems to have stopped before it started. Can you help? 

houses, so now it is about as urban/rural as you can get. One acre minimum lot size, the whole village 

balance between the coyote population and the human one. There are strong feelings on both sides. I 

is only 10 sq. miles. We have a coyote problem and are trying to come up with a plan to create a 

Rancho on the Rio Grande River. Although people still try to farm, most of the land was given over to 

I live in Corrales New Mexico which is an old farming village located between Albuquerque and Rio 

Sent: Tuesday, March 12, 2013 8:38 AM 

Subject: coyotes 

To: Robert Timm 

From: Al Knight [al@acequiawinery.com) 

Hopland Research & Extension Center 

Center Director and Extension Wildlife Specialist 

4070 University Rd., Hopland, CA 95449 

(707) 744-1424 x103; fax (707) 744-1040 

Robert M Timm 

“Bob 11mm 

If you have specific questions I can try to answer, let me know. 

the coyotebytes website. 

Coyote Symposium was held in 2007. I trust you’ve been able to see that information, for which links appears on 

That being said, there’s not a lot of new information on urban/suburban coyote management since the Urban 

need to be doing. I’m hoping to revitalize the website sometime within the coming year. 

California has been impacted by the state’s financial situation and lack of staff to maintain many things that we 

it’s fallen into neglect, not because this is not still an issue in many places, but because the University of 

Thanks for your inquiry. I apologize that we’ve not been able to keep the website www.coyotebytes.org updated; 

Page 1 of 1

to get up before daylight to guard our property also we have a small dog that we have to keep indoors becouse of 

From: 

Date: Monday, March 11, 2013 8:18 AM 

Subject: coyotes 

To: 

Al Knight 

Coyotes are becoming a big problem around my house my son is trying to raise free range chickens we now have 

(505) 991-1522 

(505) 898-8817 FAX 

All Around Plumbing and Heating, Inc. 

Joe Bob Nunez 

decimating my livestock any more i will declare war. Ask these people if they would like to come to my house 

generations. If we are going to have a “farming community”we need to keep coyotes in check. People need to 

understand that this is the reality of the situation .1 dont know if a coyote would ever eat a child but do i know that 

as brazen as they are becoming if they are hungry enough it may become reality. I do know that if they start 

eggs.Thanks and have a good day 

the coyotes. Contrary to what people think coyotes and livestock do not co-exist this has been an ongoing war for 

before sun-rise to guard my chickens ,goats & dog i would be happy to give them some free-range chicken 

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