Tomato Yellowleaf Curl Virus
Tomato Yellowleaf Curl Virus
Tomato Yellowleaf Curl Virus
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COMMERCIAL FIELD EVALUATION OF TYLC<br />
VIRUS-RESISTANT VARIETIES UP-DATE IN<br />
CENTRAL FLORIDA<br />
Monica Ozores-Hampton, Crystal Snodgrass<br />
and Eugene McAvoy,
Why a Variety Testing Program?<br />
• Choosing which varieties to plant<br />
each year is a cornerstone of a<br />
successful vegetable industry.<br />
• This variety testing program<br />
provides unbiased information<br />
about the adaptability and<br />
performance of varieties in<br />
Florida’s diverse environments,<br />
thereby allowing growers to make<br />
informed decisions.
Objectives<br />
<br />
<br />
To evaluate the<br />
horticultural performance of<br />
the TYLCV in South Florida<br />
conditions<br />
Yield and fruit qualities,<br />
disease incidence and postharvest<br />
characteristics
Facts: <strong>Tomato</strong> Yellow Leaf <strong>Curl</strong><br />
<strong>Virus</strong> (TYLCV)<br />
<br />
Is the worst tomato disease,<br />
because can have tremendous<br />
impact in yields.<br />
<br />
The disease is induced by a<br />
number of begomoviruses,<br />
transmitted by the whitefly<br />
Bemisia tabaci.<br />
<br />
Leaf symptoms include chlorotic<br />
margins, small leaves which are<br />
cupped, thick and rubbery. The<br />
majority (up to 90%) of flowers<br />
abscise after infection.
In order to lessen the incidence of the TYLCV<br />
(There are no wild species as reservoir for<br />
TYLCV during the summer):<br />
1. <strong>Tomato</strong> Free Periods<br />
2. Eradication of volunteer<br />
3. Peppers whitefly control<br />
Now, if the virus become more<br />
strong another tool is “resistant<br />
varieties”.
Breeding<br />
lines and<br />
Variety<br />
Source<br />
Breeding<br />
lines and<br />
Variety<br />
Source<br />
Breeding<br />
lines and<br />
Variety<br />
Source<br />
2009 (C and O) 2010 (C and O) 2011 (2 Loc.)<br />
BHN 765 BHN Seed Charger Sakata Charger Sakata<br />
UF 8577 UF Katana Takii RFT 80773 Syngenta<br />
UF 8578 UF Security 28 Harris Moran SVR 200 Seminis<br />
HA 3075 Hazera SVR 200 Seminis Tycoon Hazera<br />
HA 3095 Hazera Tygress Seminis Tygress Seminis<br />
HA 3096 Hazera Tycoon Hazera 833/Ty H BHN<br />
HM 8845 Harris Moran XTM 5467 Sakata 833/Ty L BHN<br />
Sak 5230 Sakata UF 8784 UF<br />
Sak 5443 Sakata UF 8785 UF<br />
SVR 200 Seminis<br />
Tycoon Hazera<br />
Tygress Seminis<br />
FL 47 Seminis FL 47 Seminis FL 47 Seminis<br />
Sebring Syngenta Sebring Syngenta
Spring 2012<br />
10 varieties<br />
Duette, Six’L Farm<br />
Breeding lines<br />
and Variety<br />
Source<br />
B53<br />
Enza Zaden<br />
K55<br />
Enza Zaden<br />
SVR 200<br />
Seminis<br />
RFT 80775<br />
Syngenta<br />
SevenTY III Syngenta<br />
Tygress<br />
Seminis<br />
XTM 9106<br />
Sakata<br />
XTM 0211<br />
Sakata<br />
25687 Enza Zaden<br />
25765 Enza Zaden<br />
FL 47 (Control) Seminis
Field history<br />
Location<br />
Duette, FL.<br />
Experimental design<br />
RCBD (4 replications)<br />
Irrigation<br />
Drip<br />
Plot size<br />
37 ft<br />
Harvest unit<br />
16.7 ft (10 plants)<br />
Plastic laying and fertilization 3 Jan. 2012<br />
Planting date 8 Feb. 2012<br />
Fumigation<br />
Methyl bromide (100 lb/acre)<br />
Plastic mulch<br />
Black<br />
Linear ft per acre 7,260<br />
Bed height<br />
9 inches<br />
Bed width<br />
36 inches<br />
Bed spacing (center to center) 6 ft<br />
Plant spacing<br />
20 inches<br />
Row run<br />
North - South<br />
Plant population 4,373<br />
Harvest date<br />
1st 2 May, 2012<br />
2 nd 16 May, 2012<br />
Planting to 2nd harvest<br />
14 weeks
Three Harvest<br />
Extra-large (5/6), Large (6/6),<br />
Medium (6/7) and un-marketable
Pruning of TYLCV-resistant tomato<br />
Varieties or breeding lines Number of suckers pruned<br />
B53<br />
NO<br />
K55<br />
NO<br />
SVR 200 3<br />
RFT 80775 3<br />
SevenTY III 3<br />
Tygress 3<br />
XTM 9106 3<br />
XTM 0211 3<br />
25687 NO<br />
25765 NO<br />
FL 47 3
First Marketable Harvest<br />
TYLCV 2012<br />
Dry and warm<br />
Rainfall 3.8”<br />
Min. 54 o F<br />
Max. 82 o F<br />
TYLCV: 2.5 % FL 47<br />
Variety<br />
---------------Marketable yield------------ Unmarketable<br />
5/6 6/6 6/7 Total<br />
----------------------- (25-lb boxes/acre) --------------------------<br />
B53 1,733abc 359 136ab 2,228 462abc<br />
K55 1,577bc 351 196a 2,124 598a<br />
SVR 200 1,897ab 371 137ab 2,404 411abcd<br />
RFT 80775 1,547c 368 158ab 2,073 297bcd<br />
SevenTY III 1,501c 375 138ab 2,014 301bcd<br />
Tygress 1,823abc 387 149ab 2,358 221cd<br />
XTM 0211 1,751abc 259 105b 2,115 521ab<br />
XTM 9106 1,892ab 427 104b 2,424 339bcd<br />
25687 1,994a 318 87b 2,400 367abcd<br />
25765 1,712abc 437 191a 2,340 491ab<br />
FL 47 1,728abc 387 113b 2,228 171d<br />
P value 0.03 0.18 0.02 0.06 0.01<br />
Sig. * ns * ns **
Total Marketable Harvest<br />
TYLCV 2012<br />
Variety<br />
Marketable yield<br />
Unmarketable<br />
5/6 6/6 6/7 Total<br />
------------------------------------- (25-lb boxes/acre) -------------------------------------<br />
B53 2,162bcd 830ab 566a 3,558a 563ab<br />
K55 2,115d 681bcd 455b 3,252a 734a<br />
SVR 200 2,548ab 593de 285cd 3,426a 600ab<br />
RFT 80775 2,055d 785ab 408b 3,247a 402bc<br />
SevenTY III 2,233abcd 794ab 393b 3,421a 392bc<br />
Tygress 2,327abcd 767abc 379bc 3,473a 276c<br />
XTM 0211 2,123d 492e 246d 2,861b 654ab<br />
XTM 9106 2,318abcd 826ab 420b 3,564a 434bc<br />
25687 2,603a 516de 197d 3,316a 449bc<br />
25765 2,138cd 901a 610a 3,648a 574ab<br />
FL 47 2,526abc 604cde 239d 3,369a 263c<br />
P value 0.02 0.0001 0.0001 0.007 0.002<br />
Significance * ** ** ** **
Post-Harvest Evaluation TYLCV 2012<br />
Fruit Firmness and Color<br />
12 Days after<br />
first harvest<br />
Table-ripe or full<br />
color<br />
Very firm ≤ 0.7 mm<br />
Firm ≤ 1.4 mm<br />
Medium ≤ 2.1 mm<br />
Soft ≤ 2.8 mm<br />
Very soft > 2.8 mm.<br />
Breeding lines and<br />
variety<br />
Deformation (mm) Color (1-10)<br />
B53 2.27a 5.98ab<br />
K55 1.91cd 6.00a<br />
SVR 200 2.23a 5.75c<br />
RFT 80775 1.84d 5.38d<br />
SevenTY III 1.95bcd 5.83bc<br />
Tygress 2.27a 5.75c<br />
XTM 0211 2.33a 5.95ab<br />
XTM 9106 2.23a 5.95ab<br />
25687 1.87d 6.00a<br />
25765 2.14abc 5.98ab<br />
FL 47 2.19ab 5.50d<br />
P value 0.0001 0.0001<br />
Significance ** **
Bacterial Leaf Spot Assessment<br />
TYLCV 2012<br />
Second Harvest<br />
The rating did not<br />
distinguish between<br />
the bacterial spot<br />
caused by Xanthomonas<br />
perforans and bacterial<br />
speck caused by<br />
Pseudomonas syringae<br />
pv. tomato.<br />
Variety Disease severity rating (%)<br />
B53 11.7<br />
K55 10.0<br />
SVR 200 25.0<br />
RFT 80775 16.2<br />
SevenTY III 13.7<br />
Tygress 11.7<br />
XTM 0211 4.7<br />
XTM 9106 6.2<br />
25687 8.7<br />
25765 10.0<br />
FL 47 11.7<br />
P value 0.09<br />
Significance<br />
ns
2006<br />
Low <strong>Virus</strong><br />
Pressure<br />
2007<br />
High <strong>Virus</strong><br />
Pressure<br />
2008<br />
Low <strong>Virus</strong><br />
Pressure<br />
2009<br />
Low <strong>Virus</strong><br />
Pressure<br />
2010<br />
Low <strong>Virus</strong><br />
Pressure<br />
2011<br />
Low <strong>Virus</strong><br />
Pressure<br />
Best :<br />
HA 3075<br />
(Hazera), S-<br />
50257, VT-<br />
60774, & VT-<br />
60780 (Zeraim<br />
Gedera)<br />
Best:<br />
Hazera<br />
3078, 3074<br />
or Inbar &<br />
3075 or Ofri<br />
Roma:<br />
Shanty<br />
Best:<br />
Tygress<br />
(Seminis) & 3074<br />
or Inbar<br />
(Hazera)<br />
Roma: Sakata<br />
5808<br />
Best:<br />
Tygress & SVR<br />
200 (Seminis)<br />
Best:<br />
Security 2<br />
(Harris<br />
Moran) &<br />
Charger<br />
(Sakata)<br />
Best:<br />
Tygress &<br />
SVR 200<br />
(Seminis),<br />
Graft BHN<br />
833/Tygress<br />
(BHN/Seminis)<br />
Good:<br />
BHN 745<br />
(BHN Seed) &<br />
Tygress<br />
(Seminis)<br />
Good:<br />
Tygress<br />
(Seminis)<br />
Good:<br />
Security 28<br />
(Harris Moran),<br />
BHN 745 & 765,<br />
Hazera 3091 &<br />
3075 (Ofri), &<br />
Sakata 5443<br />
Good:<br />
BHN 765,<br />
Harris Moran<br />
8845<br />
Good:<br />
Katana (Takii)<br />
Tygress &<br />
SVR 200<br />
(Seminis)<br />
Good:<br />
Tycoon<br />
(Hazera), RFT<br />
80773<br />
(Syngenta)
http://www.imok.ufl.edu/vegetable_hort/variety_testing/tylcv/
Thanks….thanks…Thanks<br />
‣ Florida <strong>Tomato</strong> Committee.<br />
‣ BHN, Harris Moran, Hazera, Sakata,<br />
Seminis, Takii, Syngenta, UF.<br />
‣ Redi Plants and Six’L Farms.<br />
For providing monetary or in-kind support<br />
to this project.
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