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ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development, 28(2), 2011 (without activated carbon), which indicated that the addition of activated carbon to the UASB reactor enhanced its treatability performance. The previous studies showed that anaerobic digestion, in combination with other treatment systems like aerobic, membrane filtration etc. is able to remove 40%–65% AOX (Lee et al. 1993; Hall et al. 1995; Francis et al. 1997; Tezel et al. 2001) but if it is used singlehandedly than only 42%–45% of AOX could be removed (Fitzsimons et al. 1990). Ferguson and Dalentoft (1991) reported 40%–65% AOX removal while observing the treatability efficiency of the bleaching effluent of pulp and paper mills under anaerobic conditions. Comparison between COD and AOX removal efficiencies of the UASB reactors based on similar studies is mentioned in the Table 2. The present study seemed to be more reliable and gave better treatment efficiency of COD and AOX. This was because the new strategy was modified to work under anaerobic conditions in an UASB reactor where methanol as the source of an easily biodegradable substance was added to the feeding solution and also the usage of Percentage AOX rem 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 0.2 0.8 1.5 1.8 2.4 3.0 3.5 3.8 4.4 4.6 5.0 5.5 OLR (kg-COD/m 3 -d) R-I R-II Figure 4. Effects of OLR on AOX removal. R-I R-II Percentage COD rem HRT (h) Figure 5. Effects of HRT on COD removal. 108
A. Arshad et al.: Usage of UASB Reactor to Assess Feasibility of Treatment of Paper Mill Effluent activated carbon with the digested sludge. The Figures 4–6 provide practical design aid for the UASB reactor to treat paper mill effluent employing the NSSC pulping process. Production of Biogas Initially small gas bubbles were observed during the starting period. Appropriate collection of the biogas was done at the end of second week. The gas collection system consisting of saturated NaCl solution was installed in the reactors R-I and R-II. The data obtained pertaining to the biogas generated during the course of the study period is illustrated in Figure 7. It was observed that the two design parameters i.e. OLR and HRT had important roles on the amount of biogas production under normal conditions of pH and temperature. The amount of biogas generated is directly related to the amount of feeding solution in the reactor, and the HRT plays a significant role in controlling the rate of biogas production. It was observed that there was a significant reduction in the amount of biogas production for both the R-I R-II Percentage AOX rem HRT (h) Figure 6. Effects of HRT on AOX removal. R-I R-II Biogas (l/g-COD rem ) No. of observations Figure 7. Amount of biogas production. 109
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