CIGR2010-book-abstra..

DRAINAGE OF IRRIGATED LANDS
C. B. DANDEKAR 1 , B. A. CHOUGULE 2
1
C. B. DANDEKAR, Executive Director, Rex Polyextrusion Ltd, Kumar’s Plaza, North Shivajinagar, Sangli, India, cbdandekar@rediffmail.com. 2
B. A. CHOUGULE, Ex. Officer In-charge, Agricultural Research Station Kasabe Digraj, Maharashtra, India; currently Rex Polyextrusion Ltd,
Kumar’s Plaza, North Shivajinagar, Sangli, India, ssdproj@rexpoly.co.in.
CSBE100037 – Salinity affects millions of hectares of once productive land in many countries.
Besides economic losses, rapid salinization of land and water resources is inflicting environmental
damage, particularly in irrigated areas where salinity increase has charted a parallel path with
irrigation development. However, irrigated land use as such is not responsible for salinization, but
it is the faulty irrigation practices, inadequate provision of drainage and lopsided economic
incentives that play a major role. Different measures including surface, subsurface and biodrainage
systems have been adopted to prevent/mitigate and reclaim the affected areas. Large scale
adoption of mechanized subsurface drainage (SSD) systems is at its inception stage. Experiences
from large scale SSD installations in the northern states of Haryana, Rajasthan and Maharashtra
have evidenced that the technology can be successfully adopted in reclaiming saline and
waterlogged lands while surface drainage and bio-drainage have limitations and do not show
improvement in soil and crop productivity. Two large scale SSD projects were installed on 2165
ha at Dudhgaon and Kasabe Digraj in Sangli district of Maharashtra (India) in the year 2005 to
2008. There is good improvement in the soil properties of affected lands within one year due to
SSD installation in the fields. The pH decreased from 8.11 to 7.63, the soil conductivity EC from
8.11 to 4.60 dS/m, SAR from 7.10 to 3.94 and ESP from 9.31 to 4.60; which shows improvement
in salt affected soils. Yield of sugarcane increased from 75 T/ha to 172 T/ha within a year.
MONITORING OF GRAIN QUALITY AND SEGREGATION OF GRAIN ACCORDING
TO PROTEIN CONCENTRATION THRESHOLD LEVEL ON AN OPERATING
COMBINE HARVESTER
HILKE RISIUS 1 , JUERGEN HAHN 1 , HUBERT KORTE 2
1 H. Risius, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Germany, Biosystems Engineering Division, hilke.risius@agrar.hu-berlin.de,
j.hahn@agrar.hu-berlin.de. , 2 H. Korte, CLAAS SE GmbH, Germany, hubert.korte@claas.com.
1 J. Hahn,
CSBE100043 – Quality has become an essential attribute of agricultural products and production
processes in particular as a result of European Commission Regulations. Moreover, sorting of grain
based on protein concentration could enable growers to realise price premiums in value-added
markets. The variability of soils, topography and fertility are known to influence grain yield and
quality. Interdependency of these factors has also been considered as limitation for site-specific
nitrogen management strategies. The aim of this collaborative research project is to monitor protein
concentration variability and to segregate grain into quantities of high or low protein content on a
combine harvester. Near-infrared spectrometry (NIRS) was used to determine protein
concentration of winter wheat and spring barley in both diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission
in field trials in Brandenburg and Thuringia. Performance characteristics were obtained during the
2008 and 2009 field trials, a total of 300 ha of wheat and 60 ha of barley were harvested. Protein
predictions correlated well with reference measurements (Barley: R2 = 0.94, SEP = 0.31 %;
Wheat: R2 = 0.96, SEP = 0.33 %). Deviations of NIRS analysis results beyond the calibration error
were logged constantly and helped to ensure correct grain tank filling. Process data were also
classified using principal component analysis (PCA), the prediction range of protein values, their
standard deviation as well as the hotelling T2-statistics. Segregation results are accurate and
promising for implementation as a tool to improve grain marketing. […].
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XVII th World Congress of the International Commission of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering (CIGR) – Québec City, Canada – June 13-17, 2010