CIGR2010-book-abstra..

STORAGE AND REUSE OF DRAINAGE WATER
INGRID WESSTRÖM 1 , ABRAHAM JOEL 1
1 I. WESSTRÖM, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Soil and Environment, Division of soil and water management,
SwedenIngrid.Wesstrom@mark.slu.se., 1 A. JOEL, Abraham.Joel@mark.slu.se.
CSBE100159 – The effects of drainage water storage in ponds on nutrient leaching and water
resource management were examined in a three-year (2006-2008) field experiment in a 163 km 2
study area in southern Sweden. The land use in the area is mainly intensive agriculture and
approximately 2.5 million m 3 of groundwater are used for irrigation every summer. In 2004, 27
small water storage ponds were constructed in the area. The total storage capacity of these ponds is
355 000 m 3 and if they were to be refilled e.g. 1.5 times per season, the groundwater use for
irrigation could be decreased by 20%. This study examined the effects of the ponds on nutrient
transport and water resource management and developed an index for risk assessment of drainage
water quality. Weather parameters and changes in water storage were recorded in the field and
samples of water entering and leaving the ponds were collected. Analyses of the water revealed
that the ponds acted as a trap for transported nitrogen and phosphorus within the catchment. Digital
data on land use, soil type, drainage network and slope gradients were used to identify watershed
boundaries and to evaluate the impact of watershed properties on water quality. The potential nonpoint
pollution indicator method (PNPPI) developed for assessing catchment potential as a
contributor of nitrogen and phosphorus leaching proved useful. However, the temporal variability
was not fully considered and a procedure for including point sources of pollution should be added.
THE ROLE OF CURLI AND CELLULOSE IN THE TRANSPORT AND SURVIVAL OF
ESCHERICHIA COLI ON A CENTRAL NEW YORK DAIRY FARM
ANTHONY E. SALVUCCI 1 , MARA ELTON 2 , JULIE D. SILER 2 , WEI ZHANG 1 , BRIAN K. RICHARDS 1 , LARRY
D. GEOHRING 1 , LORIN D. WARNICK 2 , ANTHONY G. HAY 3 , TAMMO S. STEENHUIS 1
1 Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, aes84@cornell.edu, 2 Department of
Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3 Department of Microbiology, Cornell University,
Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
CSBE100161 – Enterobacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli are persistently deposited in the
environment through the spreading of manure wastes onto agricultural soils, representing serious
water quality and human health concerns. In this experiment, E. coli isolates were collected from a
dairy farm in Central New York at three distinct locations: (i) cow housing, (ii) calf housing, and
(iii) field drain (tile) effluent. These environmental E. coli isolates were analyzed for the cell
surface components cellulose and curli, traits that have been linked to increased environmental
survival and transport through soil. Our results showed a high amount of diversity amongst E. coli
isolates at each spatial location. Isolates collected from cow housing and calf housing displayed
highly variable curli and cellulose-producing community profiles from one sampling week to
another. However, isolates collected from the drain tile effluent consistently displayed similar curli
and cellulose production communities over all sampling dates. These results indicate that the
subsurface soil and presence of drain tiles tend to select for a certain subset of E. coli strains,
perhaps better adapted for environmental survival and/or transport.
50
XVII th World Congress of the International Commission of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering (CIGR) – Québec City, Canada – June 13-17, 2010