0104 June 1997.pdf - Friends of Nigeria
0104 June 1997.pdf - Friends of Nigeria
0104 June 1997.pdf - Friends of Nigeria
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<strong>Friends</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Nigeria</strong><br />
by<br />
Vol. 1. NO.4 Editor: Catherine Zastrow Onyemelukwe<br />
Ton." Hodgin<br />
The Hausa proverb "life is an onion<br />
which one peels crying" seems to apply<br />
to <strong>Nigeria</strong> more and more these days,<br />
and each successi ve slice brings a new<br />
sadness, at least for me. Since 1994<br />
President-elect Chief Moshood Abiola<br />
has languished in prison. As many <strong>of</strong> you<br />
know, Kudirat Abiola, senior wife <strong>of</strong> the<br />
President, was murdered in Lagos last<br />
<strong>June</strong> in what some commentators regard<br />
as an execution style slaying. The most<br />
recent U.S. State Department Human<br />
Rights report runs to eighteen pages, this<br />
for arguably the most promising democracy<br />
in Africa at independence. I take no<br />
pleasure in reciting these facts. But the<br />
Hausa have it right.<br />
Achebe provided the reader<br />
with a timely warning<br />
about how easily<br />
a bit <strong>of</strong> "dash"<br />
could escalate<br />
to graft and corruption,<br />
These past few weeks I've been teaching<br />
a wonderful little bpok by Chinua<br />
Achebe, No Longer At Ease, which<br />
some <strong>of</strong> you may have used in <strong>Nigeria</strong>n<br />
classrooms. The book engages a number<br />
<strong>of</strong> themes, among them the difficulty <strong>of</strong><br />
retaining what is good in traditional<br />
African culture in the face <strong>of</strong> assault by<br />
western values. commerce and technology!<br />
Achebe provided the reader with a<br />
timely warning about how easily a bit <strong>of</strong><br />
"dash" could escalate to graft and corruption,<br />
and bring down even the most<br />
well meaning <strong>Nigeria</strong>n civil servant. The<br />
stakes are much higher than even Achebe<br />
may have realized.<br />
Slices <strong>of</strong> Sadness for <strong>Nigeria</strong><br />
When Shell struck oil in the Rivers<br />
State in 1958 <strong>Nigeria</strong> came into some<br />
serious money. Yet not only has the pr<strong>of</strong>it<br />
from this huge asset evaporated over<br />
the years, but many international groups<br />
express concern over the environmental<br />
degradation caused by the pollution and<br />
contamination <strong>of</strong> this industry. <strong>Nigeria</strong>n<br />
author Ken Saro- Wiwa led attempts to<br />
protect the rights <strong>of</strong> the Ogoni in the area<br />
beginning in 1992, founding the Movement<br />
for the Survival <strong>of</strong> the Ogoni<br />
People (MOSOP). You guessed it.<br />
Another slice <strong>of</strong> onion fell when Saro<br />
Wiwa was arrested in October 1995 and<br />
shortly thereafter hanged at Port Harcourt<br />
for involvement in the murder <strong>of</strong><br />
four Ogoni leaders. He does not appear<br />
to have been in Ogoni land when the<br />
crime for which he was charged<br />
occurred.<br />
And then, last month I received a<br />
message on the H-NET for African history<br />
that treason charges had been lodged<br />
by the Abacha regime against Nobel<br />
Prize author Wole Soyinka, Chief<br />
Anthony Enahoro, and ten others. Some<br />
<strong>of</strong> you may, as in the case <strong>of</strong> Achebe,<br />
have taught or at least read Soyinka's<br />
works while in <strong>Nigeria</strong>. It is somewhat<br />
difficult to understand how this prize<br />
winning dramatist, who has been in selfimposed<br />
exile in the west since 1994,<br />
could be responsible for bomb explosions<br />
which destroyed military vehicles<br />
in Lagos. I suppose it's not important to<br />
wonder about such things. The treason<br />
charges have been lodged, and Soyinka<br />
will not be returning to his beloved country<br />
soon.<br />
Returned Peace Corps Volunteers<br />
have the highest regard for the <strong>Nigeria</strong>n<br />
people, for their traditions, for their arts<br />
and letters, for their culture and for their<br />
history. And, I dare say, RPCVs likewise<br />
wish for <strong>Nigeria</strong>'s long term economic<br />
<strong>June</strong> 1997<br />
prosperity and political stability. But<br />
when Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, Chief<br />
Akintola and Sir Ahmadu Bello were<br />
gunned down on a single January night<br />
in 1966, the military dramatically<br />
changed the course <strong>of</strong> <strong>Nigeria</strong>n democracy<br />
to this very day. I'm sure there is an<br />
appropriate Yoruba proverb to conclude<br />
this brief article, but I've been away too<br />
long to remember.<br />
(Ton)' Hodgin, <strong>Nigeria</strong> IV, taught at the<br />
Federal Advanced Teachers College in<br />
Yaha. He currently teaches history at<br />
Choate School in Wallingford, CT and<br />
can he reached at Ton)'_Hodgin@fc.<br />
choateoeduo)<br />
San Diego Meeting<br />
<strong>Friends</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Nigeria</strong><br />
will have its<br />
ANNUAL MEETING<br />
at the<br />
San Diego NPCA Conference<br />
July 10 :'13<br />
A <strong>Nigeria</strong> RPCV reunion dinner is<br />
scheduled for Thursday night. Look<br />
for details in the registration area: We<br />
will also have reserved tables at the<br />
Friday night Africa theme dinner. For<br />
registration materials, contact: NPCA,<br />
1900 L Street, NoW., Suite 205,<br />
Washington. DC 20036-5002;<br />
202-293-7728; rpcvpres@aol.com.<br />
Inside<br />
Page<br />
Letters to the Editor 2-4<br />
"Lost" Volunteers 4<br />
Ways <strong>Nigeria</strong> Changed My Life. 4<br />
Find FON on the Web 4<br />
Short News Items from <strong>Nigeria</strong> . 5<br />
Board <strong>of</strong> Directors 5<br />
Nomination Form 5
Letters to the Editor<br />
Wondering<br />
To the Editor:<br />
I was delighted to have this newsletter<br />
when I came home today. I have <strong>of</strong>ten<br />
wondered about those with whom I<br />
served from 1964-66. I've tried to write<br />
to Nancy Amidei in Washington, but the<br />
letters came back. Sam Abbott is rector<br />
<strong>of</strong> Grace Episcopal Church in NYC on<br />
Broadway and 10th. He was famous for<br />
being able to say the Gettysburg Address<br />
backwards, making everyone think he<br />
was speaking Russian.<br />
My roommate and dear, dear friend in<br />
Ughelli was Judy Olmstead Gary who<br />
was killed in a wreck in Cairo in 1981.<br />
What a loss she was to all <strong>of</strong> her friends<br />
and to the field <strong>of</strong> education. I wish I<br />
could come to San Diego in July, but I<br />
will be teaching summer school; it's hard<br />
to shake loose from that. However, I'll<br />
look forward to receiving this very fine<br />
newsletter; perhaps I can make another<br />
get together.<br />
Natoma (Nash) Noble,<br />
<strong>Nigeria</strong> '64-66<br />
noblenn@okra.millsaps.edu<br />
Lost is Found<br />
To the Editor:<br />
You have found another "lost"<br />
<strong>Nigeria</strong>n RPCV. In your March edition<br />
you listed Kathryn C. Wetherell as lost <br />
which made me smile. I am still Kathie<br />
Wetherell when I talk to myself but on<br />
paper I am Kathryn Wetherell Shack,<br />
having married Peter K Shack (PC<br />
Guatemala '68) in 1970. I met Peter in<br />
Guatemala while working on my master's<br />
degree in nutrition.<br />
Peter and I traveled to <strong>Nigeria</strong> in 1972<br />
and found it about the same as when I<br />
was a volunteer. We visited myoId site,<br />
Keffi Government College and the market<br />
in Keffi town. Peter agreed that<br />
Keffi had one <strong>of</strong> the best markets he had<br />
ever seen. I also was in <strong>Nigeria</strong> in 1978<br />
when I worked for Meals for Millions.<br />
Now it sounds like things have drastically<br />
changed for the worse. How very sad<br />
and undeserved by such wonderful people.<br />
Since then I have stayed r.gther close<br />
to home in California, working for the<br />
Department <strong>of</strong> Health Services, Office <strong>of</strong><br />
Family Planning, and raising our 9 1/2<br />
year old son.<br />
Greetings to all myoId PC friends, we<br />
certainly have happy memories.<br />
Kathryn W. Shack, <strong>Nigeria</strong> '65-67<br />
hw l.kshack@hwl.cahwnet.gov<br />
So Long Ago<br />
To the Editor:<br />
William Sklar is listed among the lost<br />
<strong>of</strong> 1965. Bill is living in Marquette,<br />
Michigan. His wife, Marge, who was<br />
also a volunteer in <strong>Nigeria</strong> when he was,<br />
teaches at Northern Michigan Univ.<br />
They have two sons who are about done<br />
with college.<br />
My time in <strong>Nigeria</strong> seems so long<br />
ago. In one <strong>of</strong> my collections <strong>of</strong> short<br />
stories (Hunting Hemingway's Trout,<br />
Atheneum, 1990) I included a novella<br />
titled "In a Hot Season." The novella is<br />
set in Maiduguri during the civil war. A<br />
couple <strong>of</strong> pr<strong>of</strong>essors have told me that it<br />
makes more sense out <strong>of</strong> the chaos <strong>of</strong> the<br />
Biafran tragedy than anything else<br />
they've read. I also wrote about <strong>Nigeria</strong><br />
briefly in my latest book, Children <strong>of</strong> the<br />
Kalevala, which will be published later<br />
this spring by North Star Press. This will<br />
be my fourth fiction book.<br />
I've lost all contact with everyone<br />
from <strong>Nigeria</strong> 17. Maybe you all will<br />
somehow get us back together again.<br />
Lauri Anderson, <strong>Nigeria</strong> XVII<br />
Chair, Dept. <strong>of</strong> Lang. & Lit.<br />
Suomi College,<br />
Hancock, MI 49930<br />
Flood <strong>of</strong> Memories<br />
To the Editor:<br />
I saw the FoN newsletter<br />
for the first<br />
time last night. I have not seen the first<br />
two, so I do not know if I am "lost" or<br />
not.<br />
I am George Benjamin. I served '63<br />
65 in Ibadan and Ijebu-Ode. In training,<br />
I was the tall, thin, clumsy one from<br />
Little Rock with black rim glasses who<br />
roomed with and hung out with Al Miles.<br />
I vaguely recollect the other names mentioned,<br />
... there were ISO <strong>of</strong> us in that<br />
group.<br />
But, oh, the memories came flooding<br />
in: Barnard Hall, Columbia Teachers,<br />
Riverside Park, Grants Tomb, 8 am to 8<br />
pm lectures, the West Side Bar and Grill,<br />
2<br />
visiting with Sargent Shriver in the cafeteria,<br />
Small's night club in Harlem with<br />
Wilt Chamberlain, Malcolm X's speech<br />
in the rain at Lennox Ave., the Columbia<br />
U. fountain where we sang: "We are<br />
marching to <strong>Nigeria</strong>," the "talent show,"<br />
and "Flexi-flexi-flexibility," Martin<br />
Luther King's "I Have a Dream" speech<br />
in Washington at our break before going<br />
overseas, the interminably long first meal<br />
when we arrived in Lagos, the infamous<br />
"Post Card incident" that could have<br />
wrecked the Peace Corps, 50 cc Hondas<br />
that would carry two and three people at<br />
a time, Hard Day's Night in Lagos and<br />
Beatlemania meets the Peace Corps, and<br />
still painful even now: JFK's assassination<br />
and the overflowing memorial service<br />
in Ibadan. And Elsie Clitheroe at 80<br />
some-odd years old. We were duplexmates<br />
in Ibadan. I think I flunked the<br />
Rorschach Test and she was given the<br />
assignment <strong>of</strong> keeping an eye on me.<br />
Those were heady times.<br />
I have my certificate on the wall <strong>of</strong><br />
one <strong>of</strong> my examining rooms and people<br />
ask me, "You were in the Peace Corps?"<br />
"Yes," I say, but sometimes to myself I<br />
ask, "Did I do that?" It has been nearly<br />
35 years. DID I do those things') If you<br />
have "found" me, I suppose I did.<br />
George H. Benjamin, M.D.,<br />
<strong>Nigeria</strong> '63-65<br />
451 S. Holly<br />
Siloam Springs, AR 72761<br />
Haba<br />
To the Editor:<br />
I just received my copy <strong>of</strong> <strong>Friends</strong> <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Nigeria</strong>-the March issue. You have<br />
done a great job and I am very grateful<br />
for all the hard work. I hope you continue<br />
to help us former Peace Corps<br />
Volunteers maintain some contact. Do<br />
you ever hear <strong>of</strong> any plans to have a<br />
"get-together" <strong>of</strong> all the RPCVs some<br />
time or some place? [Editor's Note: read<br />
about National Peace Corps Association<br />
(NPCA) Conference in San Diego on<br />
page one, and come']<br />
There were two letters from people<br />
who served at the same time as I, and I<br />
think Ed Gruberg and Bob Cohen and I<br />
were in the same group. I plan to write<br />
to Ed Gruberg and find out.<br />
If any additions are needed to the List<br />
<strong>of</strong> How <strong>Nigeria</strong> Has Changed Me, consider<br />
this: I still-after thirty some
years-catch myself saying "Haba" at<br />
times, when I am surprised or have done<br />
something unusual. It is a Hausa expression<br />
which is just about untranslatable.<br />
Earl L. (Buzz) Welker,<br />
<strong>Nigeria</strong> '62-65<br />
Mysk3@aol.com<br />
Congrats<br />
To the Editor:<br />
I just got my newsletter yesterday and<br />
wish to congratulate you on the great<br />
job! It's just so full <strong>of</strong> good personal<br />
stuff, I can't imagine that anyone who'd<br />
been a <strong>Nigeria</strong> PCV wouldn't find it<br />
worthy <strong>of</strong> reading and enjoying.<br />
Your piece about the Bishop <strong>of</strong> Lagos<br />
and his connection to the Azikiwe family<br />
was fascinating! [Editor's Note:<br />
Jonathan Onyemelukwe is the Bishop on<br />
the Niger - Onitsha.)<br />
Bob Cohen, <strong>Nigeria</strong> IV<br />
rdcollege@enter.net<br />
More on Zik<br />
To the Editor:<br />
Just a note to say that I enjoy getting<br />
the newsletter. I especially liked the articles,<br />
by you and Greg Zell, about "Zik"<br />
in the last issue; they reminded me <strong>of</strong><br />
several <strong>of</strong> my own fleeting encounters<br />
with the man whom Dame Margery<br />
Perham once described as "a strange,<br />
brilliant, protean character from the Igbo<br />
forests" .<br />
One <strong>of</strong> the stops on Zik's "burial trail"<br />
was Nsukka, the site <strong>of</strong> the house<br />
(Onuiyi Haven) where he lived much <strong>of</strong><br />
his later life. On rare occasions in 1963<br />
64, when he would visit the University <strong>of</strong><br />
Nsukka, faculty members would be invited<br />
down to government house for a<br />
reception. I would put on my one suit<br />
(light blue striped seersucker), hop on<br />
my motorcycle (BSA~bloody sore arse),<br />
and join the party. On one memorable<br />
occasion, I found myself, much to my<br />
embarrassment, alone in the middle <strong>of</strong> a<br />
field in front <strong>of</strong> the reviewing stand<br />
when the university band struck up<br />
"<strong>Nigeria</strong> We Hail Thee" as Zik came in.<br />
Zik had founded Nsukka University in<br />
1960, and was its Chancellor. The story<br />
was that Nsukka was Zik's mother's village,<br />
and that he had gotten the Eastern<br />
State parliament to establish a university<br />
at this remote spot by taking key parliamentarians<br />
there and plying them with<br />
palm wine.<br />
Zik had a swimming pool at Nsukka<br />
(the university did not), and when he was<br />
in residence the staff would fill the pool.<br />
This would lower the water pressure and<br />
the whole campus would be out <strong>of</strong> water<br />
for a day or two.<br />
Regarding Zik's never using his<br />
Christian name, the story told was that<br />
Zik dropped Benjamin in favor <strong>of</strong><br />
Nnamdi after being denied a place as an<br />
athletic competitor representing <strong>Nigeria</strong><br />
at the British Empire Games in 1934.<br />
In addition to the airport at Abuja, Zik<br />
has been honored by having a university<br />
named after him at Awka, Anambra<br />
State. Some critics would say that he<br />
does not deserve such honor. A case can<br />
be made that, by splitting the <strong>Nigeria</strong>n<br />
Youth Movement, compromising with<br />
the northern region on the post-independence<br />
political landscape, and engaging<br />
in a power struggle with Awolowo, he<br />
helped doom the south to northern dominance<br />
and <strong>Nigeria</strong> to the mess it is in<br />
today. His role in the Biafran war is also<br />
controversial.<br />
In my view, Zik's greatness cannot be<br />
measured by his political deeds alone.<br />
Indeed, they shouldn't be, because Zik<br />
never held a strong hand. His ethnic<br />
regional power base wasn't big enough,<br />
and his national <strong>of</strong>fices, governor-general<br />
<strong>of</strong> the federation and then president <strong>of</strong><br />
the republic, were figurehead ones. But<br />
his life encompassed the social history <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Nigeria</strong> in the 20th century. As a successful<br />
"been-to", he overcame humble<br />
origins and prejudice to found an influential<br />
newspaper, a major political party,<br />
and a university. As the Great Owelle,<br />
he embodied the Igbo spirit <strong>of</strong> thriving<br />
and openness. He deserves a serious<br />
biography.<br />
A final note: I was pleased last year<br />
when, as acting charge <strong>of</strong> the U.S.<br />
Embassy in Venezuela, I was asked to<br />
sign Zik's condolence book at the<br />
<strong>Nigeria</strong>n Embassy in Caracas on behalf<br />
<strong>of</strong> the United States Government.<br />
Charles Ahlgren, <strong>Nigeria</strong> '62-64<br />
chahlgren@maxl.au.af.mil<br />
A Memorable<br />
To the Editor:<br />
Evening<br />
The NPCA's winter Board meeting,<br />
1996, was in South Florida, and we<br />
(RPCVs <strong>of</strong> South Florida) had dinner at<br />
3<br />
an old, wonderfully restored house with a<br />
garden which has been featured in the<br />
papers. I trolled around the premises<br />
looking for African countries on name<br />
tags. The others may be nice, and I do<br />
talk to them, but they can't compare to<br />
Africa hands.<br />
I spotted "Uganda" on the name tag <strong>of</strong><br />
Doane Perry, an NPCA Director. Here<br />
was my chance to ask about a part <strong>of</strong><br />
Africa I have only fead about. Before I<br />
could say much, he read my name tag.<br />
"<strong>Nigeria</strong>. What years were you there?<br />
Who was your Country Director? When<br />
was the last time you spoke to your CD's<br />
widow?" I didn't know he had died, but<br />
I answered, "Lagos, late 1964." Well,<br />
you really should give her a call. She's<br />
very active in the Boston area group."<br />
He sent me her address and phone<br />
number with a note: "She'd like to hear<br />
from you." After some telephone tag, I<br />
got: "Hi, this is Kathie Moore, ah,<br />
Saltonstall. Well, I'm Kathie Moore<br />
now." She told me <strong>of</strong> Dr. Saltonstall's<br />
very lengthy illness. Afterwards she<br />
married the close friend and physician<br />
who helped her through this trying period.<br />
I told her that she sure sounded as<br />
vigorous as when we first heard <strong>of</strong><br />
"vigah" from the Kennedys. I had a<br />
flashback to the time every PCV in sight<br />
was invited to the Rep's house for slides<br />
<strong>of</strong> them sailing <strong>of</strong>f New England. The<br />
Saltonstalls, lean and slightly weathered,<br />
looked like they had been sent over from<br />
Central Casting. She said she is quite<br />
well and happy in her 80's, traveling a<br />
lot, meshing two families and the houses<br />
from each.<br />
"Have you read my book?" she asked.<br />
Of course, I hadn't, since it was privately<br />
published. She wrote it after reflecting<br />
about a dozen years. No one had ever<br />
written about the experiences <strong>of</strong> the wife<br />
<strong>of</strong> the Peace Corps Rep (today: Country<br />
Director). This was the era when wives<br />
<strong>of</strong> U.S. <strong>of</strong>ficials could not have an <strong>of</strong>ficial<br />
job, and hers was the story around<br />
this. A few days later a paperback book<br />
arrived. Oh, my God! In the first chapter,<br />
there I was. Well, not by name. But<br />
then, neither were the other Volunteers at<br />
my school, our Principal, the Chairman<br />
<strong>of</strong> our Board <strong>of</strong> Trustees and their wives<br />
who were at the Saltonstalls for dinner<br />
that night. Bill and Kathie had been incountry<br />
3 or 4 months and were getting<br />
(Letters. continued on page 4)
Letters<br />
(Letters, continued/rom page 3)<br />
to know PCVs and their hosts.<br />
It was a<br />
memorable evening. It was November<br />
22, 1963.<br />
Greg Zell, <strong>Nigeria</strong> VI<br />
2050 Coral Way, Suite 602,<br />
Miami, FL 33145<br />
[Editor's Note: The Saltonstal/s were at<br />
my wedding in Lagos, December 1964]<br />
Other Letters<br />
The editor also received correspondence<br />
from:<br />
• Lucy Boyd, <strong>Nigeria</strong> V, whq<br />
reported on the trial relating to the murder<br />
<strong>of</strong> Elaine and Gordon Rondeau's<br />
daughter in 1994. The Rondeaus were<br />
volunteers in '63-65, and their daughter<br />
was conceived before they left <strong>Nigeria</strong>.<br />
Their address is 2125 Dayron Circle,<br />
Marietta, GA 30062.<br />
• Greg Zell, (see also above) who<br />
read in the last newsletter <strong>of</strong> the untimely<br />
death <strong>of</strong> Cynthia Adams in the mid 80s.<br />
For a time Cynthia roomed with Mary<br />
Reed, a member <strong>of</strong> his group.<br />
Third Five <strong>of</strong> the Top<br />
Twenty Ways <strong>Nigeria</strong><br />
Changed My Life<br />
Here are the third five <strong>of</strong> the Top<br />
Twenty Ways <strong>Nigeria</strong> Changed My Life,<br />
compiled by Kim Rebar, '93-95, and Ken<br />
Krueger, '92-94 (the previous lists were<br />
in newsletters Vol. 1, Nos. 2 & 3).<br />
11. I refer to any man in a Mercedes<br />
as a "big man."<br />
12. When I have the flu, I keep checking<br />
for signs <strong>of</strong> a tropical disease,<br />
like malaria.<br />
13. I'm amazed by how patient I am<br />
waiting for public transportation.<br />
14. I arrive at 10:53 for a 9:00 meetmg.<br />
15. I never leave my house without a<br />
bottle <strong>of</strong> filtered water (water from<br />
Britta filters tastes better than<br />
those chalk filters).<br />
See You In San Diego<br />
Looking for "Lost" <strong>Nigeria</strong> Peace<br />
Corps Volunteers - Part III<br />
There are hundreds <strong>of</strong> <strong>Nigeria</strong> Peace<br />
Corps Volunteers for whom neither<br />
<strong>Friends</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Nigeria</strong> nor Peace Corps<br />
Washington has a current address. The<br />
Peace Corps Washington Web site indicates<br />
that 2523 Peace Corps Volunteers<br />
served in <strong>Nigeria</strong>, although it is believed<br />
that this number probably includes<br />
everyone who even started a training<br />
program. A more realistic figure is<br />
thought to be in the range <strong>of</strong> 1800-2000.<br />
The <strong>Friends</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Nigeria</strong> database<br />
includes 1050 names while the Peace<br />
Corps Washington database includes<br />
1750 names. However, neither <strong>Friends</strong><br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>Nigeria</strong> nor Peace Corps Washington<br />
has a current address for about 450<br />
<strong>Nigeria</strong> RPCVs.<br />
Listed below are the names <strong>of</strong> these<br />
"missing" volunteers whose service<br />
began in 1966 (similar lists for the 1961<br />
65 volunteers appeared in previous<br />
newsletters).<br />
If you have a current address and/or<br />
information about name changes or<br />
deaths among these former volunteers,<br />
please send this information to Peter<br />
Hansen, Membership Chair, <strong>Friends</strong> <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Nigeria</strong>, Box 256, Orange City, IA<br />
51041,712-737-2700,<br />
pjhansen@nwciowa.edu.<br />
Raymond A Atilano, Roland R Bailey,<br />
Sharon K Baker, David E Baldwin,<br />
Martha B Barizon, Patrick B Barry,<br />
Carolyn J Bassing, Laurence L Bolton,<br />
James C Borchelt, Janet P Brazier,<br />
Rosemary M Brown.<br />
Thomas L Cameron, Patricia R<br />
Campbell, Samuel W Carmalt, <strong>June</strong> M<br />
Catalano, Franklin S Chance, George A<br />
Cherry Jr, Adolf A Cieczkiewicz, John N<br />
Clemans Jr, Collie Coleman, John D<br />
Collis, Thomas J Comer, John E<br />
Crawford,<br />
Joseph D Crimi.<br />
Nancy Crockett, James Cunliffe,<br />
Karen L Currie, Angela L Cutuly. Betty<br />
C Davis, Steven G Denes, Graig W<br />
4<br />
Dible, Eleanor S Epner, Kenneth R<br />
Fetterman, Frank L Fox, Dorothy M<br />
Frazier, Beatrice G Freedman, Margaret<br />
R Gekas, James C Goldsmith.<br />
Charles C Gray, Cherry E Gray,<br />
Elaine M Grendahl, Orie E Hargrove,<br />
Michael Harris, Michael E Hauben,<br />
Donald J Heider, Jay R Hessey, Gracia E<br />
Hobson, Ann M H<strong>of</strong>er, Giles W Hogya,<br />
Leslie R Hogya, Cynthia H Jachmich,<br />
Neal H Jacobs, Jerome A Johnson.<br />
Naomi Soyer Julian, Winifred F Karp,<br />
Anna C Kemp, Carol E Kirkley, Phyllis<br />
A Klafehn, Ivan Klein, Charles T<br />
Kollerer, Nancy M Korhonen, Diane M<br />
Leach, Michael R Levine, Gail S Lewin,<br />
Jane L Littleton, Stephen L Locke, Linda<br />
L Lodholm, Janet E Lott.<br />
Robert N MacGregor, Lois A Mader,<br />
Laverne S Majors, Doris A Manolescu,<br />
Robert A McDonald Jr, Frank Meyer,<br />
Peter M Miner, Barrett A Morf, Peter J<br />
Mueller, John J Mugavero Jr, Mary M<br />
Murray, Cordelin F O'Brien, M S<br />
O'Brien.<br />
Carol L Parfitt, Wanda P Partridge,<br />
Barbara M Pascotto, Rosalie A Peterson,<br />
Kathleen A Pfaff, Roger F Poe, Robert<br />
M Pugh, John P Quinlan, Maryann<br />
Quinlin, William R Roberts, Bernard J<br />
Robertson Jr, Thomas R Sharp, Carolyn<br />
D Shaw, John F Shaw, Laurence H<br />
Shoup, Kenneth E Silvey.<br />
Judith H Smith, Francis P Smolinski,<br />
Millicent R Sneed, Irving H Soloway,<br />
Frank A Stewart, Ruby C Stout,<br />
Douglas H Streuter, Donald J Thomas,<br />
Dorothy D Tilney, Carol J Tumy,<br />
William P Vick IV, Paul R Violi,<br />
Raymond M Wittenbrink Jr, Aubry J<br />
Womack.<br />
Find FON on the Web<br />
For those <strong>of</strong> you with Internet access,<br />
<strong>Friends</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Nigeria</strong> has a web site:<br />
http://www.ultrane1.com/-<br />
gregjonz/fonl<br />
Our thanks to Greg Jones and his sons<br />
for producing and maintaining this site.<br />
Beginning with Vol. I, NO.3, it is our<br />
intention to post our newsletters at this<br />
site.
Short News Items from <strong>Nigeria</strong><br />
March 15th Elections<br />
The United <strong>Nigeria</strong> Congress Party<br />
and the Democratic Party <strong>of</strong> <strong>Nigeria</strong><br />
were well ahead <strong>of</strong> the other three parties<br />
in the March 15th local elections according<br />
to exit poll forecasts. These two<br />
political parties want military ruler Gen.<br />
Sani Abacha as their candidate in the<br />
presidential elections scheduled for next<br />
year. (Reuter, 17-Mar-97)<br />
Only five parties, all with close links<br />
to Gen. Sani Abacha's military regime,<br />
were allowed to field candidates in<br />
<strong>Nigeria</strong>'s first multiparty ballot in four<br />
years. The elections were accompanied<br />
by charges <strong>of</strong> fraud and by scattered<br />
fighting. The Abacha regime hailed the<br />
large turnout as a sign that <strong>Nigeria</strong>ns had<br />
accepted his plan for a gradual return to<br />
democracy. (Associated Press, 2-Apr<br />
97)<br />
<strong>Nigeria</strong> Importing Oil<br />
As a result <strong>of</strong> a gasoline shortage,<br />
<strong>Nigeria</strong> - Africa's leading crude oil producer<br />
- has been forced to allow fuel<br />
imports. A 10-gallon can <strong>of</strong> gasoline<br />
was selling for $47, more than seven<br />
times the normal price. (Reuter, 8-Apr<br />
97)<br />
Protest Riots<br />
Three people were killed in protest<br />
riots in Warri. In Lagos, a Royal<br />
Dutch/Shell spokesman said the 88<br />
<strong>Nigeria</strong>n oil workers were being held<br />
hostage by villagers who occupied the<br />
Board Nominations<br />
Members are encouraged to nominate<br />
themselves or fellow members for<br />
open positions on the <strong>Friends</strong> <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Nigeria</strong> Board <strong>of</strong> Directors. For ease<br />
<strong>of</strong> communication, it is recommended<br />
that Board members have an e-mail<br />
account.<br />
Send or give nominations to Pres.<br />
Cathy Onyemelukwe. All nominations<br />
should be in writing and include:<br />
name, address, telephone, (e-mail<br />
address), special skills, and an indication<br />
that permission was granted by<br />
the nominee.<br />
company's flow stations. The protests in<br />
Warri are over the relocation <strong>of</strong> a local<br />
government<br />
headquarters.<br />
A day later the workers were released.<br />
The action resulted from political grievances<br />
<strong>of</strong> the villagers against <strong>Nigeria</strong>'s<br />
military government regarding relocation<br />
<strong>of</strong> a local government headquarters.<br />
(Washington Post, 27128-Mar-97)<br />
Abacha Increases Grip<br />
Gen. Sani Abacha signed a decree in<br />
March granting himself greater control<br />
over local elections and <strong>of</strong>ficials. The<br />
action "infuriated opponents who accuse<br />
him <strong>of</strong> reneging on promises to restore<br />
democracy."<br />
The decree grants Abacha the power<br />
to dismiss elected municipal councils if<br />
he finds they are "compromising his<br />
political standing" or using public funds<br />
or property to "advance the cause <strong>of</strong> any<br />
political party." The decree also says<br />
election tribunals set up by the military<br />
government i).rethe only bodies with<br />
authority to decide lawsuits relating to<br />
election fraud. (Associated Press, 11<br />
Apr-97)<br />
Journalists In Jail<br />
Eight <strong>Nigeria</strong>n journalists are in<br />
prison. Included are four journalists convicted<br />
by a secret military tribunal for<br />
complicity in a coup plot who received<br />
15-year jail terms. The four are: Kunle<br />
Ajibade, editor <strong>of</strong> The News magazine;<br />
Christine Anyanwu, publisher <strong>of</strong> the<br />
Sunday Magazine; George Mbah <strong>of</strong> Tell<br />
magazine; and Ben Charles Obi, editor <strong>of</strong><br />
the weekly Classique. (Washington Post,<br />
22-Apr-97)<br />
Treason Trial<br />
A treason trial began in Lagos in which<br />
several dissidents could face the death<br />
penalty. Many <strong>of</strong> the defendants <br />
including exiled playwright Wole<br />
Soyinka - are not present for the trial,<br />
and journalists are not allowed in the<br />
courtroom. (Associated Press, 9-May<br />
97)<br />
Gadhati Visits <strong>Nigeria</strong><br />
Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi<br />
received an enthusiastic welcome in<br />
5<br />
northern <strong>Nigeria</strong>. Gadhafi was greeted<br />
by <strong>Nigeria</strong>n military leader Gen. Sani<br />
Abacha and by thousands <strong>of</strong> school children.<br />
The Associated Press further reported<br />
that the U.S. was accusing Libyan leader<br />
Moammar Gadhafi <strong>of</strong> violating United<br />
Nations sanctions and was asking<br />
<strong>Nigeria</strong> to detain the aircraft on which<br />
Gadhafi arrived. The sanctions are related<br />
to the bombing <strong>of</strong> Pan Am Flight 103<br />
over Lockerbie, Scotland, which killed<br />
270 people. (Washington Post, 10-May<br />
97)<br />
Foreign Exchange Rate<br />
One us dollar is worth 84.8 <strong>Nigeria</strong>n<br />
Naira. [For old <strong>Nigeria</strong> hands, the Naira<br />
is the equivalent <strong>of</strong> ten shillings.]<br />
(Washington Post, II-May-97)<br />
Board <strong>of</strong> Directors<br />
<strong>Friends</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Nigeria</strong><br />
Cathy Onyemelukwe, President &<br />
Editor<br />
1 Mansfield Place<br />
Westport, CT 06880<br />
203-222-0630<br />
ambermuse@ao1.com<br />
Peter J. Hansen, Vice President<br />
Orange City, IA<br />
H: 712-737-2700 W: 712-737-7018<br />
pjhansen@nwciowa.edu<br />
Robert D. Cohen<br />
Bethlehem, PA<br />
H: 610-867-5501 W: 610-867-1818<br />
rdcollege@enter.net<br />
Vincent J. Gar<strong>of</strong>alo<br />
Lowell, MI<br />
H: 616-897-7847 W: 616-459-8281<br />
John L. Romano<br />
St. Paul, MN<br />
H: 612-699-7587 W: 612-624-1099<br />
romanOO I @maroon.tc.umn.edu<br />
Marge (Shannon) Snoeren<br />
Gainesville, FL<br />
H: 352-379-7561<br />
msnoeren@mercury.net<br />
Nick Thiemann<br />
Westport, CT<br />
H: 203-227-1975 W: 203-255-2888
<strong>Friends</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Nigeria</strong><br />
NPCA.<br />
Box 256<br />
Orange City,<br />
IA 51041<br />
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