CIRCUMVENTION TOOLS - FLOSS Manuals

A private node is a Psiphon node working with authentication, which means that you have to
register before you can use it. Once registered, you will be able to send invitations to your
friends and relatives to use this specific node.
See also Psiphon node.
PUBLICLY ROUTABLE IP ADDRESS
Publicly routable IP addresses (sometimes called public IP addresses) are those reachable in the
normal way on the Internet, through a chain of routers. Some IP addresses are private, such
as the 192.168.x.x block, and many are unassigned.
REGULAR EXPRESSION
A regular expression (also called a regexp or RE) is a text pattern that specifies a set of text
strings in a particular regular expression implementation such as the UNIX grep utility. A text
string "matches" a regular expression if the string conforms to the pattern, as defined by the
regular expression syntax. In each RE syntax, some characters have special meanings, to allow
one pattern to match multiple other strings. For example, the regular expression lo+se matches
lose, loose, and looose.
REMAILER
An anonymous remailer is a service which allows users to send e-mails anonymously. T he
remailer receives messages via e-mail and forwards them to their intended recipient after
removing information that would identify the original sender. Some also provide an anonymous
return address that can be used to reply to the original sender without disclosing her identity.
Well-known Remailer services include Cypherpunk, Mixmaster and Nym.
ROUTER
A router is a computer that determines the route for forwarding packets. It uses address
information in the packet header and cached information on the server to match address
numbers with hardware connections.
ROOT NAME SERVER
A root name server or root server is any of thirteen server clusters run by IANA to direct
traffic to all of the TLDs, as the core of the DNS system.
RSS (REAL SIMPLE SYNDICATION)
RSS is a method and protocol for allowing Internet users to subscribe to content from a Web
page, and receive updates as soon as they are posted.
SCHEME
On the Web, a scheme is a mapping from a name to a protocol. T hus the HT T P scheme maps
URLs that begin with HT T P: to the Hypertext T ransfer Protocol. T he protocol determines the
interpretation of the rest of the URL, so that http://www.example.com/dir/content.html
identifies a Web site and a specific file in a specific directory, and mailto:user@somewhere.com
is an e-mail address of a specific person or group at a specific domain.
SHELL
A UNIX shell is the traditional command line user interface for the UNIX/Linux operating
systems. T he most common shells are sh and bash.
SOCKS
A SOCKS proxy is a special kind of proxy server. In the ISO/OSI model it operates between
the application layer and the transport layer. T he standard port for SOCKS proxies is 1080,
but they can also run on different ports. Many programs support a connection through a
SOCKS proxy. If not you can install a SOCKS client like FreeCap, ProxyCap or SocksCap which
can force programs to run through the Socks proxy using dynamic port forwarding. It is also
possible to use SSH tools such as OpenSSH as a SOCKS proxy server.
SCREENLOGGER
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