The Negro trail blazers of California [microform] : a ... - Homestead

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CHAPTER II Beginning op the Discovery of California with Friar Marco, and the Negro Guide Estevancio, together with Coronado and the Negro Priest and the Final Discovery by Cortez, the Ex-Viceroy of Mexico, in 1535 The reader in the preceding chapter has been given the tracing of the discovery of the name ''California" to a Spanish novel published in 1510, while California was not discovered by Cortez until 1535. Nine years previous to its discovery there started from Spain an exploring expedition "under the direction of Governor Panfilo de Narvaez, who departed from the port of San Lucar de Barameda with authorities and orders from your majesties to conquer and govern the provinces that extend from the river of the Palms to the cape of the Floridas, these provinces being on the mainland. The fleet he took with him consisted of five vessels in which went six hundred souls." (From the translation by Fanny Bandelier of the Journey of Alva Nuez Cabeza de Vaca, and his companions). This translation further states that "The expedition met with many hardships. Several ships were destroyed by a West Indian hurricane and hostile Indians killed a large number of the remaining members of the party; and at one time the party was so reduced that it seemed they were all doomed. It was then a thought occurred to Cabeza de Vaca, who in the beginning of the expedition acted as treasurer of the company; he decided to act as leader in an effort to save the lives of the remaining members of the party, turned 'Medicine Man,' saying the 'Eosary' and making the 'Sign of the Cross' on the sick Indians." This pleased the Indians, who afterward passed the party in safety from one tribe to another. "Nevertheless the party grew smaller every year until at the end of nine years, when they reached Culiacan, out of six hundred souls there were only a party of three Spaniards and one Negro remaining." This translation also gives a graphic account of the niae years of exploring by Cabeza de Vaca and his companions before they reached Culiacan, and how they would pass tents which showed that civilized men had spent the previous night. Cabeza de Vaca said that, "Having positive traces of Christians and becoming satisfied they were very near, we gave thanks to God our Lord for redeeming us from our sad and gloomy condition***That night I entreated one of my companions to go after the Christians who were moving through that part of the country.'***Seeing their reluctance in the morning, I took vrith me the Negro and eleven Indians, and, following the trail, went in search of the Christians. ' He then tells how he and the Negro were the first to meet Diego de Alcaraza, who was an officer of Nueno de Guzman, and that he asked for a "certified statement of the year, month, and day when he met them, also the condition in which he came. ' ' To which request this officer complied. Cabeza de Vaca then tells how that, afterward, he sent the Negro as guide with a party of horsemen and fifty Indians after Dorantes and Castillo, who were the remaining members of the party. He stated that "Five days afterward they joined him, returning in company with the Negro and those sent after them." Cabeza de Vaca then decides that it will be well to give the names ol those who after nine years of exploring should be fortunate in reaching the Pacific Coast and said, "And now that I have given an account of the ship, it may be well to record also who those are and where from, whom it pleased God to rescue from all those dangers and hardships. The first is: Alonzo de Castillo Maldonado, a native of Salamanca, a son of Dr. Castillo Maldonado, and Dona Alonza Maldonado. The second is Andrew Dorantes, son of Pablo Dorantes, born at Benjar, but a resident of Gilraleon. The third is Alvar Nuez Cabeza de Vaca, son of Frances de Vera and grandson of Pedro de Vera, who conquered the Canary Islands. His mother was called Dona Teresa Cabeza de Vaca and she was a native of Xerez de la Frontera. The fourth is Estevanico, an Arab Negro from Azamore on the Atlantic Coast of Morocco." The writer has quoted the four names to show that the Negro was in the original party when they started from Spain, and that he came from Azamore on the Atlantic Coast of Morocco. Through this translation the reader is given the knowledge that the first two persons to reach the west coast of Mexico in an exploring overland expedition from Florida to the Pacific Coast were one Spaniard and a Negro, and that in five days afterward they were joined by two other Spaniards and a number of Indians. In another translation by the same author of the "Eeport of Father Marco of Nissa and his expedition to Cibolia in which Estevanico, the Negro, acted as guide and perished.
OF CALIFORNIA 21 LIEUTENANT-COLONEL ALLEN ALLENSWORTH (deceased) DR. LEONARD STOVALL First Lieutenant Medical Reserve Corps. Served in National Army in France. JESSE KIMBROUGH LIEUT. 365th Infantry (The Buffaloes).
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Page 9 and 10: THE NEGRO TRAIL BLAZERS OF CALIFORN
Page 11: FOREWORD The author's reason for pr
Page 15 and 16: PREFACE In presenting to the public
Page 17 and 18: AUTHORITIES CONSULTED Afro-American
Page 19 and 20: CONTENTS Foreword—Charlotte A. Ba
Page 21 and 22: THE NEGRO TRAIL BLAZERS OF CALIFORN
Page 23: OF CALIFORNIA 19 and kisses roses i
Page 27 and 28: OF CALIFORNIA 2:3 is given an inter
Page 29 and 30: OF CALIFORNIA 25 Hackluyt's collect
Page 31 and 32: OF CALIFORNIA 27 of which and a Con
Page 33 and 34: OF CALIFORNIA 29 Galvaz had said to
Page 35 and 36: This CHAPTER IV Bear Flag Party Dur
Page 37 and 38: OF CALIFORNIA 33 the bear and the s
Page 39 and 40: OF CALIFORNIA 35 of his class, and
Page 41 and 42: OF CALIFORNIA 37 suance to adjournm
Page 43 and 44: OF CALIFORNIA 39. CAl'T. (.H'ARTKR-
Page 45 and 46: OF CALIFORNIA 41 The true reason th
Page 47 and 48: CHAPTER VI Admission of California
Page 49 and 50: OF CALIFORNIA 45 living, without ch
Page 51 and 52: OF CALIFORNIA 47 they came to Calif
Page 53 and 54: OF CALIFORNIA 49 mail from Stockton
Page 55 and 56: OF CALIFORNIA 51 "Springfield, HI.,
Page 57 and 58: OF CALIFORNIA 53 was killed, the fi
Page 59 and 60: OF CALIFORNIA 55 Peter Bell, MiflBi
Page 61 and 62: OF CALIFORNIA 57 CLALUns UALl.ARl)
Page 63 and 64: OF CALIFORNIA 59 The Negro was not
Page 65 and 66: OF CALIFORNIA 61 about all they wer
Page 67 and 68: OF CALIFORNIA 63 " 'Read the first
Page 69 and 70: OP CALIFORNIA 65 account of race, c
Page 71 and 72: OF CALIFORNIA 67 the sale of the ch
Page 73 and 74: OF CALIFORNIA 69 be friends of Cali
Page 75 and 76:
OF CALIFORNIA 71 Aged and Infirm Co
Page 77 and 78:
OF CALIFORNIA 73 note of in the Cal
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OF CALIFORNIA 75 HON. JAMES M. ALEX
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OF CALIFORNIA 77 the Territory of U
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OF CALIFORNIA 79 refused to deliver
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OF CALIFORNIA 81 rule for the first
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OF CALIFORNIA 83 After the final de
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OP CALIFORNIA 85 The description of
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OP CALIFORNIA 87 The following is q
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OF CALIFORNIA 89 of Negroesi and pe
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OF CALIFORNIA 91 was witnessed by A
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OF CALIFORNIA 95 ATTORNEY B. BURTON
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OF CALIFORNIA 95 Cases like the abo
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OP CALIFORNIA 97 way, aa he was rid
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OF CALIFORNIA 99 tomically there is
Page 105 and 106:
OP CALIFORNIA 101 the Cyan, killed
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OF CALIFORNIA 103 Carter, S. E. Cun
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OF CALIFORNIA 105 In after years th
Page 111 and 112:
CHAPTER XII Biographical Sketches o
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OF CALIFORNIA 109 Biddy Mason The s
Page 115 and 116:
OF CALIFORNIA 111 MRS. BIDDY MASON
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OF CALIFORNIA 113 "When the Frazier
Page 119 and 120:
OF CALIFORNIA 115 charge of collect
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OF CALIFORNIA 117 Mr. James H. Hubb
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OF CALIFORNIA 119 the trade of cabi
Page 125 and 126:
OF CALIFORNIA 121 to graduate from
Page 127 and 128:
OF CALIFORNIA 123 Eachel Seals, dau
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OF CALIFORNIA 125 large number of t
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OF CALIFORNIA 127 Shorey. 'Victoria
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OF CALIFORNIA 129 MRS. KATE BRADLEY
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OF CALIFORNIA 131 one daughter to w
Page 137 and 138:
OP CALIFORNIA 133 colored authors a
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OF CALIFORNIA 135 character gives a
Page 141 and 142:
OF CALIFORNIA 137 also owns his res
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OF CALIFORNIA 139 educated; instead
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OF CALIFORNIA 141 within less than
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OF CALIFORNIA 143 beautiful, until
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OF CALIFORNIA 145 that the Mission
Page 151 and 152:
OF CALIFORNIA 147 MRS. ELLEN HUDDEL
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OF CALIFORNIA 149 a great orator; A
Page 155 and 156:
OF CALIFORNIA 151 the pathless wood
Page 157 and 158:
OF CALIFORNIA 153 Lowe, who lives i
Page 159 and 160:
OF CALIFORNIA 155 County of Tulare,
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OF CALIFORNIA 157 and for seven yea
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OF CALIFORNIA 159 The A. M. E. Chur
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The OP CALIFORNIA 161 "September 14
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OF CALIFORNIA 163 a cost of one tho
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OF CALIFORNIA 165 :mrs. ardella c.
Page 171 and 172:
OF CALIFORNIA 167 Rev. Sanderson wa
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OF CALIFORNIA 169 "(3) We declare t
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OF CALIFORNIA 171 as steward. In 18
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OF CALIFORNIA 173 Wright Harlan, in
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OF CALIFORNIA 175 necessary for the
Page 181 and 182:
OF CALIFORNIA 177 Chieo colored sch
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OF CALIFORNIA 179 " 'Eesolved, That
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OF CALIFORNIA 181 Sacramento. Mr. B
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OF CALIFORNIA 183 MME. ELLA BRADLEY
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OP CALIFORNIA 185 Sara Sanderson wa
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OF CALIFORNIA 187 graduate in the S
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OF CALIFORNIA 189 the Legislature f
Page 195 and 196:
OP CALIFORNIA 191 tary, Mrs. H. E.
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OF CALIFORNIA 193 tocratic resident
Page 199 and 200:
OF CALIFORNIA 195 The pioneer Negro
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OF CALIFORNIA 197 but he is also th
Page 203 and 204:
OF CALIFORNIA 199 United States and
Page 205 and 206:
OF CALIFORNIA 201 MRS. OWEXS-BYNUM
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OF CALIFORNIA 203 defense that Burr
Page 209 and 210:
OF CALIFORNIA 205 William Lenton St
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OF CALIFORNIA 207 The author then q
Page 213 and 214:
OF CALIFORNIA 209 Negro in the Unit
Page 215 and 216:
OF CALIFORNIA 211 "Ray Hastings "Or
Page 217 and 218:
OF CALIFORNIA 218 leading soprano o
Page 219 and 220:
OF CALIFORNIA 215 The charm of this
Page 221 and 222:
OF CALIFORNIA 217 lege education in
Page 223 and 224:
OF CALIFORNIA 219
Page 225 and 226:
OF CALIFORNIA 221 mother of his chi
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OF CALIFORNIA 223 Master Owen Troy
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OF CALIFORNIA 225 led to his reachi
Page 231 and 232:
OF CALIFORNIA 227 in other organiza
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OF CALIFORNIA 229 presented them to
Page 235 and 236:
OF CALIFORNIA 231 Mrs. Grasses is a
Page 237 and 238:
OF CALIFORNIA 233 deepest sympathy,
Page 239 and 240:
OF CALIFORNIA 235 own homes in resp
Page 241 and 242:
OF CAIJI-'OKMA ^'V MME. SUL-TE-WAN
Page 243 and 244:
OP CALIFORNIA 239 The writer in giv
Page 245 and 246:
OF CALIFORNIA 241 of being a thief
Page 247 and 248:
OF CALIFORNIA 24:3 daughter was edu
Page 249 and 250:
CHAPTER XIX Doctors and Dentists op
Page 251 and 252:
OF CALIFORNIA 247 Carolina, in 1914
Page 253 and 254:
OF CALIFORNIA 249 fessional educati
Page 255 and 256:
CHAPTER XX Literary Dep.uitment In
Page 257 and 258:
'OF CALIFORNIA 253 giving extracts
Page 259 and 260:
OF CALIFORNIA 254A REV. WM. T. CLEG
Page 261 and 262:
OF CALIFORNIA 255 Recognizing Mr. T
Page 263 and 264:
OF CALIFORNIA 257 "In war, warriors
Page 265 and 266:
OF CALIFORNIA 259 people. It was su
Page 267 and 268:
OF CALIFORNIA 261 Mr. Wilson was an
Page 269 and 270:
OF CALIFORNIA 263 the rarest evenin
Page 271 and 272:
OF CALIFORNIA 265 Our Nation's Fath
Page 273 and 274:
OP CALIFORNIA 267 WITHERED FLOWERS
Page 275 and 276:
OF CALIFORNIA 269 IT MATTERS MUCH B
Page 277 and 278:
OF CALIFORNIA 270A SERGT. CHARLES R
Page 279 and 280:
OF CALIFORNIA 271 But 'twas a might
Page 281 and 282:
OF CALIFORNIA 273 engage in anythin
Page 283 and 284:
OF CALIFORNIA 275 pleased to have w
Page 285 and 286:
OF CALIFORNIA 277 down and pity the
Page 287 and 288:
OF CALIFORNIA 279 crowded home to e
Page 289 and 290:
OF CALIFORNIA 281 aspirations. They
Page 291 and 292:
OF CALIFORNIA 283 In the great conf
Page 293 and 294:
OF CALIFORNIA 285 William Beck, son
Page 295 and 296:
OP^ CALII'oiiXIA 286A LIEUT. JOURXE
Page 297 and 298:
OF CALIFORNIA 287 "Captain Jones wa
Page 299 and 300:
OF CALIFORNIA 289 wounded after a d
Page 301 and 302:
OF CALIFORNIA 291 Mr. Benston was t
Page 303 and 304:
OF CALIFORNIA 293 Chaplain of the 9
Page 305 and 306:
OF CALIFORNIA 295 United States in
Page 307 and 308:
OP CALIFORNIA 297 Mr. Wall related
Page 309 and 310:
OP CALIFORNIA 299 quite a musical f
Page 311 and 312:
CHAPTER XXII History of the Negro a
Page 313 and 314:
OF CALIFORNIA 303 representing the
Page 315 and 316:
CHAPTER XXIII The End of the Trail
Page 317 and 318:
OF CALIFORNIA 307 Edward Carlisle,
Page 319 and 320:
OP CALIFORNIA 309 mention must be m
Page 321 and 322:
CHAPTER XXIV Notes on the Text ' "T
Page 323 and 324:
OF CALIFORNIA 313 defendant corpora
Page 325 and 326:
OF CALIFORNIA 315 From these papers
Page 327:
OP CALIFORNIA 317 Soldier, Negro.
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