Gender-Based Violence: Challenging Impunity - ITVS

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Gender-Based Violence Glossary Defining Violence Against Women and Girls HALF THE SKY: GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE: CHALLENGING IMPUNITY The Declaration of the Elimination of Violence Against Women, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1993, defines violence against women as “any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual, or psychological harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion, or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or private life.” This includes: Domestic violence A pattern of abusive behavior in any relationship that is used by one partner to gain or maintain power and control over another intimate partner. This can be physical, sexual, emotional, economic, or psychological actions or threats. It also includes any behaviors that intimidate, isolate, frighten, threaten, blame, hurt, or wound. Economic violence Making or attempting to make an individual financially dependent by maintaining total control over financial resources, withholding an individual’s access to money, or forbidding an individual’s attendance at school or employment. Emotional abuse and psychological abuse Undermining an individual’s sense of self-worth or self-esteem is abusive. This may include constant criticism, name-calling, damaging a woman’s relationship with her children, causing fear by intimidation, and threatening physical harm. Female genital mutilation/cutting Female genital mutilation (also known as female circumcision or genital cutting) is the removal of part or all of the external female genitalia, and in its most severe form, a woman or girl has all of her genitalia removed and then the wound is stitched together, leaving a small opening for urination, intercourse, and menstruation. This practice has a direct effect on women and girls’ reproductive and maternal health and can have grave consequences during childbirth. Female genital mutilation is mostly carried out on young girls between infancy and age 15 and is motivated by a mix of cultural, religious, and social factors within families and communities. Honor killing Acts of vengeance, usually death, committed against female family members who are believed to have brought dishonor on the family. A woman can be targeted for a variety of reasons, including refusing to enter into an arranged marriage, being the victim of a sexual assault, seeking a divorce (even from an abusive husband), or allegedly committing adultery. Human trafficking A crime against humanity that involves an act of recruiting, transporting, transferring, harboring, or receiving a person through the use of force, coercion, or other means, for the purpose of exploiting them. Physical abuse Hitting, slapping, shoving, grabbing, pinching, biting, hair pulling, etc. are types of physical abuse. This type of abuse also includes denying medical care or forcing alcohol and/or drug use on the victim. Sexual abuse and rape Coercing or attempting to coerce any sexual contact or behavior without consent. Sexual abuse includes attacks on sexual parts of the body, marital rape, forcing sex after physical violence has occurred, or treating another person in a sexually demeaning manner. Sexual harassment and intimidation Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature.
HALF THE SKY: GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE: CHALLENGING IMPUNITY Gender-Based Violence Glossary Power and Control This chart uses a wheel to show the relationship of physical abuse to other forms of abuse. Each part shows a way to control or gain power. physical V I O COERCION AND THREATS: Making and/or carrying out threats to do something to hurt her. Threatening to leave her, commit suicide, or report her to welfare. Making her drop charges. Making her do illegal things. L E N C E INTIMIDATION: Making her afraid by using looks, actions, and gestures. Smashing things. Destroying her property. Abusing pets. Displaying weapons. sexual MALE PRIVILEGE: Treating her like a servant: making all the big decisions, acting like the “master of the castle,” being the one who decides men’s and women’s roles. ECONOMIC ABUSE: Preventing her from getting or keeping a job. Making her ask for money. Giving her an allowance. Taking her money. Not letting her know about or have access to family income. POWER & C ONTROL EMOTIONAL ABUSE: Putting her down. Making her feel bad about herself. Calling her names. Making her think she’s crazy. Playing mind games. Humiliating her. Making her feel guilty. ISOLATION: Controlling what she does, who she sees and talks to, what she reads, and where she goes. Limiting her outside involvement. Using jealousy to justify actions. physical USING CHILDREN: Making her feel guilty about children. Using children to relay messages. Using visitation to harass her. Threatening to take the children away. V I O MINIMIZING, DENY- ING, AND BLAMING: Making light of the abuse and not taking her concerns about it seriously. Saying the abuse didn’t happen. Shifting responsibility for abusive behavior. Saying she caused it. L E N C E sexual
Page 1 and 2: LESSON PLAN Gender-Based Violence:
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Page 29: Credits WRITER Allison Milewski ITV

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