à¤¯à¤¹- à¤¹à¥ (Yeh- Hai) sentences - I Speak Hindi

यह- है (Yeh- Hai) sentences 

October 1, 2009 

20091001-YahSentences.mp3 

All sentences starting with यह (Yeh) ends in है (hai) in present tense. 

English Hindi Transliteration 

This is a book. यह कताब है। Yeh kitaab hai 

This is a flower. यह फू ल है। Yeh phool hai 

This is a house. यह घर है। Yeh ghar hai 

This is a pen. यह कलम है। Yeh kalam hai 

This is a child. यह बचा है। Yeh bachcha hai 

वह- है (Vah- Hai) sentences 

In present tense, all the sentences starting with वह (Vah) ends in है (hai). 


That is a book. वह कताब है। Vah kitaab hai 

That is a flower. वह फू ल है। Vah phool hai 

That is a house. वह घर है। Vah ghar hai 

That is a pen. वह कलम है। Vah kalam hai 

That is a school. वह कू ल है। Vah school hai 

ये - ह (Ye - Haim) sentences 

In present tense, all the sentences starting with ये (Yeh) ends in ह (haim).


These are books. ये कताब ह। Ye kitaabem haim 

These are windows. ये खड़कयाँ ह। Ye khidkiyam haim 

These are boys. ये लड़के ह। Ye ladke haim 

These are girls ये लड़कयाँ ह। Ye ladkiyam haim 

These are fruits. ये फल ह। Ye phal haim 

वे – ह (Ve – Haim) sentences 

In present tense, all the sentences starting with वे (Ve) ends in ह (haim). 


Those are books. वे कताब ह। Ve kitaabem haim 

Those are boys. वे लड़के ह। Ve ladke haim 

Those are girls. वे लड़कयाँ ह। Ve ladkiyam haim 

Those are teachers. वे अयापक ह। Ve adhyapak haim 

Those are fruits. वे फल ह। Ve phal haim

Myself 


20091002-Myself.mp3 


Who are you तुम कौन हो Tum kaun ho 

I am a girl/boy. म एक लड़क/लड़का हूँ। Mein ek ladki/ladka hoon 

What is your name आपका नाम या है Aapka naam kya hai 

My name is Geetha. मेरा नाम गीता है। Mera naam Geetha hai 

My name is Dr.John. मेरा नाम .जॉन है। Mera naam Dr.John hai 

How old are you आपक या उ है Aapki kya umr hai 

I am five years old. म पाँच साल का हूँ। Mein paanch saal ka hoon 

I am 35 years old. म पतीस साल क हूँ। Mein painteesh saal ki hoon 

Do you go to school या तुम कू ल जाते हो Kya tum school jate ho 

Yes, I go to school. हा, म कू ल जाता हूँ। Ha, mein school jata hoon. 

What do you do तुम या करते हो Tum kya karte ho 

I go to college. म कॅ लेज जाता हूँ। Mein college jata hoon. 

In which class do you 

study 

तुम कौन से का म पढ़ते 

हो 

Tum kaun se kaksha mein 

padte ho 

I study in 4 th standard. म चौथी का म पढ़ता हूँ। Mein chauthi kaksha mein 

padta hoon 

Where do you live तुम कहाँ रहते हो Tum kahan rahte ho 

I live in ........ म ....... म रहता हूँ। Main .......mein rahata hoon 

What is your father’s name तुहारे पता का नाम या 

है 

My father’s name is .......... मेरे पता का नाम ी........... 

है। 

Tumhare pita ka naam kya 

hai 

Mere pita ka naam 

shree........... hai. 

What is your mother’s आप क माँ का नाम या है Aap ki maa ka naam kya hai 

name 

My mother’s name is ........ मेर माँ का नाम ीमती Meri maa ka naam Sreemati 

........ hai 

........ है।

Do you have any brothers 

and sisters 

No, I don’t have any 

brothers and sisters. 

Yes, I do have brothers and 

sisters. 

How many brothers and 

sisters do you have 

I have 1 brother and 2 

sisters. 

Who is in your house 

I have my grandparents, 

parents and a sister in my 

house. 

आपके कोई भाई बहन है 

नहं, मेरे कोई भाई बहन नहं 

है। 

हाँ, मेरे भाई बहन है। 

आपके कतने भाई बहन है 

मेरे एक भाई और दो बहन 

है। 

Aapke koi bhai bahan hai 

Nahin, mere koi bhai bahan 

nahin hai 

Haam, mere bhai bahan hai 

Aapke kitane bhai bahan hai 

Mere ek bhai aur do bahanem 

hai 

आपके घर म कौन कौन है Aapke ghar mein kaun kaun 

hai 

मेरे घर म अपने दादा-दाद, Mere ghar mein apne dadadadi, 

mata-pita, aur ek bahan 

माता-पता, और एक बहन है। hai

IMPERATIVE – वध (vidhi) 


20091003-Imperatives.mp3 

An imperative is a verb that expresses command or a request. This is derived from the stem of 

the Verb. 

• आओ(aao), जाओ(jaao), करो(karo), etc are used in addressing equals or inferiors. 

• आइये(Aayiye), बैठए (baithiye), किजए (keejiye),etc are used in addressing elders and 

persons whom we respect. 

• All the respectful forms presuppose the use of आप or some similar title of respect. 

• For the negative imperative, मत (math) is used. With the respectful forms,न (na) is the 

correct word, though मत is occasionally found. 

• The Infinitive is also used as a gentle Imperative. 

egs.:- 


Stop! ठहरो ! Thaharo 

You go! तू जा। Tu jaa 

You study! तू पढ़। Tu padh 

You also come! तू भी चल। Tu bhi chal 

Come here! यहाँ आओ ! Yahan aao 

Don’t go there! वहाँ मत जाओ ! Vahan math jaao 

You don’t take this pen! तुम यह कलम मत लेना ! Tum yeh kalam math lena 

Hurry up! जद करो ! Jaldi karo 

Don’t touch! छू ना मत ! Chuna math 

You go there! तुम वहाँ जाओ ! Tum vahan jaao 

Bring a cup of milk! एक याला दूध लाओ। Ek pyala doodh laao 

Please come. (आप) आइये। (Aap) Aayiye

Please sit here. यहाँ बैठए। Yahan baithiye 

Please do this work. यह काम किजए। Yeh kaam keejiye 

Please don’t do this work 

आप यह काम न/मत किजए। 

Please do not sell this watch. आप यह घड़ी मत बेचना। 

Aap yeh kaam na/math keejiye 

Aap yeh ghadi math bechna

Hindi Terms for Body Parts 


20091004-BodyParts.mp3 


Head सर Sir 

Hair बाल Bal 

Body शरर Shareer 

Eye आँख Aankh 

Ear कान Kaan 

Nose नाक Naak 

Face चेहरा Chehra 

Mouth मुँह Muh 

Cheek गाल Gal 

Chin थोड़ी Thodi 

Hand हाथ Haath 

Leg पैर Pair 

Toe अंगुल पैर क Anguli pair ki 

Finger अंगुल हाथ क Anguli haath ki 

Thumb अंगूठा Angutha 

Index Finger तजनी Tarjani 

Middle Finger मयमा Madhyama 

Ring Finger अनामका Anamika 

Little Finger कनी अंगुल Kani Anguli 

Wrist कलाई Kalai 

Arm बाँह Banh 

Palm हथेल Hatheli 

Fist मुी Mutthi 

Lip हठ Honth

Heel एडी Edi 

Shoulder कं धा Kandha 

Neck गदन Gardan 

Throat गला Gala 

Waist कमर Kamar 

Elbow कु हनी Kuhani 

Knee गुटाना Gutana 

Skin चमड़ी Chamadi 

Chest छाती Chathi 

Tongue जीब Jeeb 

Joint जोरहा Jorha 

Beard दाढ़ Dadhi 

Moustache मूँछ Moonch 

Tooth दाँत Danth 

Brain दमाग़ Dimaag 

Nail नाख़ून Nakhun 

Vein नस Nas 

Back पीठ Peeth 

Belly, Stomach पेट Pet 

Muscle मांसपेशी Manspeshi 

Forehead माथा Matha 

Blood खून Khoon 

Bone हडी Haddi 

Heart दय Hriday 

Eyebrow भह Bhaunh 

Skull खोपर Khopri

Adjectives - वशेषण (Visheshan) 


20091005-Adjectives-part1.mp3 

Adjectives - वशेषण (Visheshan) 

An adjective is often defined as a word which describes or gives more information about a noun 

or pronoun. Adjectives describe nouns in terms of such qualities as size, color, number, and 

kind. 

Adjectives agree with the nouns they qualify. Hindi adjectives are of two types: those that 

inflect (change their endings), and those that are invariable. Those which inflect, such as big- 

बड़ा (badaa), or good - अछा (acha) and small - छोटा (chota), end in आ (aa) in the masculine 

singular, ए(a) in masculine plural and ई (e) in the feminine singular and plural. The invariable 

adjectives, like clean- साफ (saaf), hot - गरम (garam), excellent – उतम (uttam), difficult – कठन 

(kathin), firm – ुध (drudh), monthly- मासक (masik), daily- दैनक (dainik), strong- बलवान 

(balvaan), etc never change. 

egs: 


Good Boy अछा लड़का Achcha ladka 

Good Girl अछ लड़क Achchi ladki 

Good Boys अछे लड़के Achche ladke 

Good Girls अछ लड़कयाँ Achchi ladkiyam 

Cold water ठंडा पानी Thanda paani 

Small house छोटा घर Chota ghar 

Small table छोट मेज़ Choti mez 

Small tables छोट मेज़ Choti mezen 

Small rooms छोटे कमरे Chote kamre 

Black cat काल बल Kaali billi 

Fat men मोटे आदमी Mote admi 

Sweet fruits मीठे फल Meethe phal

Hot milk गरम दूध Garam doodh 

This small girl is my sister. यह छोट लड़क मेर बहन है। Yeh choti ladki meri bahan hai 

He drinks hot tea. वह गरम चाइ पीता है। Vah garam chai peeta hai 

The elephant is a big animal. हाथी बड़ा जानवर है। Haathi bada janvar hai 

Based on the use, adjective is divided into the following categories: 

1. Adjective of Quality – गुणवाचक (gunavachak) 

2. Adjective of Number – संयावाचक (samkhyavachak) 

3. Adjective of Quantity – परमाणवाचक (parimanvachak) 

4. Demonstrative Adjective – संके तवाचक (sanketvachak)

Adjectives - Colors - रंग & Size - आकार 


20091006-Adjectives-colors-sizes.mp3 

Colors - रंग 


Black काला kaalaa 

Blue नीला neelaa 

Brown भूरा booraa 

Gray लेट/ अधेड़ sleytee/ adhed 

Green हरा Haraa 

Orange संतर santree 

Purple जामुनी/ बैगनी jamunee/baiganee 

Red/Carmine लाल Laal 

White सफ़े द Safed 

Yellow पीला peelaa 

Pink गुलाबी gulabi 

Golden सुनहरा/ चमकला sunehra/chamkeela 

Silver चाँद chaandi 

Buff बादामी baadami 

Size - आकार 

Big, large बड़ा badaa 

Deep गहरा geheraa 

Long लंबा / दघ lambaa/deerg 

Narrow पतला patlaa

Short छोटा chotaa 

Small, little छोटा chotaa 

Tall ऊं चा oonchaa 

Thick मोटा / गाढ़ा motaa/gaadha 

Thin दुबला /पतला dubala/patlaa 

Wide चौड़ा choudaa 

Heavy भार bhari 

Light हलका halka

Adjectives - Qualities - गुण 


20091007-Adjectives-qualities.mp3 

Ambitious अभलाषी abhilashi 

Bad बुरा buraa 

Clean साफ़ saaf 

Competent/ efficient नपुण/ कायम nipun/karyaksham 

Dark सांवला / गहरा saavlaa / gehraa 

Difficult मुिकल mushkil 

Dirty गंदा gandaa 

Dry सूखा sookaa 

Easy आसान aasaan 

Empty खाल kaalee 

Expensive महँगा mehengaa 

Evil/Sinful/criminal पापी papi 

Fast तेज़ tez 

Gentle/Innocent/Decent भला bhala 

Foreign वदेशी videshee 

Full पूरा / सारा pooraa / saaraa 

Good अछा achcha 

Gullible/bold सीधा seedha 

Hard (firm) सत sakt 

Heavy भार bharee 

Honest/faithful सचा sachcha 

Inexpensive सता sastaa 

Light (illumination) उजाला ujaala 

Light (weight) हलका halkaa

Local थानीय staaneeya 

Liar/insincere झूठा jhootha 

Mischievous/lewd दुट dusht 

New नया nayaa 

Noisy सशद sashabd 

Old (things) पुराना purana 

Old (people) बूढ़ा booda 

Powerful शितशाल shakteeshaalee 

Punctual पाबद/ समयनठ paaband/samay nishth 

Quiet चुप chup 

Right / Correct सह / ठक sahee / teek 

Slow धीरे dherey 

Soft नरम naram 

Very बहुत/ ख़ूब bahut/khoob 

Weak कमज़ोर kamzor 

Wet गीला geelaa 

Wrong / Incorrect गलत galat 

Young जवान javaan

Adjectives - वशेषण (Visheshan) - Part 2 



Based on the use, adjective is divided into the following categories: 

1. Adjective of Quality – गुणवाचक वशेषण (gunavachak visheshan) 

2. Adjective of Number – संयावाचक वशेषण (samkhyavachak visheshan) 

3. Adjective of Quantity – परमाणवाचक वशेषण (parimanvachak visheshan) 

4. Demonstrative Adjective – संके तवाचक वशेषण (sanketvachak visheshan) 

1. Adjectives of Quality - गुणवाचक वशेषण (gunavachak visheshan): Adjectives that 

describe the quality, colour, shape, condition, time, position or location of a noun or a 

ponoun are called Adjectives of Quality (गुणवाचक वशेषण). 

Examples: 

Tripti is an honest girl.- तृित ईमानदार लड़क है | 

Raipur is a large city. - रायपुर बड़ा शहर है | 

Foolish person do not get success. - मूख यित को सफलता नहं मलती | 

India is a great country. - भारत एक महान देश है | 

He is an American. - वह एक अमेरक है | 

She is very poor. - वह बहुत गरब है | 

He is a liar.- वह झूठा है | 

This river is broad and deep. यह नद चौड़ा और गहरा है | 

Roses are red, yellow and pink.- गुलाब लाल, पीले और गुलाबी रंग के ह

Adjectives - Part 3 



1. Adjective of Number – संयावाचक वशेषण (samkhyavachak visheshan) 

Adjectives denoting the number of a noun or a pronoun are called adjectives of number. 

Adjectives of number (संयावाचक वशेषण) are of following types:- 

a. Definite Numeral Adjectives - निचत संयावाचक वशेषण, which denote an 

exact number, such as: 

Cardinals like one, two, three, etc (ek, do teen,...) 

Ordinals like first, second, third, etc (pahala, doosra, teesra,....) 

half, quarter, three-forth, etc(adha, paun, paav, sava, teen chauthayee,....) 

numbers like both, scores, dozens, etc(donom, charom, dasom, hazarom, 

darjanom, ....) 

once, twice, thrice, four times, etc(duguna, tiguna, chauguna,.....) 

words that represent every person or thing of a group like each, every, etc 

(येक, त, हर एक, एक एक) 

once, twice, thrice, four times, etc(duguna, tiguna, chauguna,.....) 

words that represent every person or thing of a group like each, every, etc 

(येक, त, हर एक, एक एक) 

b. Indefinite Numeral Adjectives – अनिचत संयावाचक वशेषण – which denotes 

an indefinite number such as few-कु छ (kuch), many- अनेक (aneek), a lot-कई 

(kayee) 

Examples: 

All men must die.- सभी यितय क मृयु निचत है । 

Most people like to see film.- अधकतर लोग चलच देखना पसंद करते ह । 

There are fifteen students in the class.- का म पह वयाथ ह । 

I want to meet every member of the team.- म टम के येक सदय से मलना चाहता हूँ 

| 

I ate three bananas. - मने तीन के ले खाया |

The hand has five fingers. - हाथ म पांच उं गलयां है 

Few cats like cold water. - कु छ बिलय को ठंडा पानी पसंद है 

There are no pictures in this book - इस कताब म कोई च नहं है

Adjectives - Part 4 



3. Adjective of Quantity – परमाणवाचक वशेषण (parimanvachak visheshan): 

Words describing value, measurment, number etc are called Adjective of Number 

(परमाणवाचक वशेषण). परमाणवाचक वशेषण (parimanvachak visheshan) is divided 

into two categories:- 

Examples: 

a. निचत परमाणवाचक वशेषण (nishchit parimanvachak visheshan) –An 

adjective that denotes a definite value or measurement. 

Quarter pound wheat - सवा सेर गेहू 

Quarter gram sugar-पाव भर चीनी 

Examples: 

b. अनिचत परमाणवाचक वशेषण (anishchit parimanvachak visheshan) - An 

adjective that denotes an indefinite value or measurement. 

I ate some rice.- मैने कु छ चावल खाया। 

He showed much patience.- वह बहुत धैय दखाया। 

He has little intelligence.- वह थोड़ा खुफया है। 

We had enough exercise.- हमने बहुत अयास कया। 

He has lost all his wealth. - वह अपनी सार संपित खो दया है । 

4. Demonstrative Adjective – संके तवाचक वशेषण (sanketvachak visheshan): Adjectives 

which indicate toward some person or thing are called Demonstrative Adjectives.

Examples: 

This boy is more intelligent than Mohan.- यह लड़का मोहन से अधक बुमान है। 

These fruits are sweet.- ये फल मीठे ह। 

I like such things.- मुझे ऐसी चीज़ पसंद है। 

That boy is strong.- वह लड़का मजबूत है।

Case Endings – कारक (karak) - Part 1 


20091011-CaseEndings-part1 

The form of noun or pronoun that forms a direct connection with the verb is called case. 

The Cases are indicated by the addition of suffixes, वभित or postpositions, यय. Only for 

vocative case, the case endings are used as prefixes. For all other cases, the case endings are 

suffixes. 

There are eight cases in Hindi. 

1. Nominative – (the doer)- कता - ने 

2. Accusative –(action/deed, that which is done) - कम - को 

3. Instrumental - (producing, causing) करण - से, के साथ, के वारा 

4. Dative - (to whom, or for whom given) - संदान - के लए, को 

5. Ablative – (taking from/separation/detachment) - अपादान - से (पृथक) 

6. Genitive –( bound up with, related) - संबंध - का, के , क - The Genitive Case signifyies any 

relation or connection which may exist between two or more persons or things. 

7. Locative – (placing upon) अधकरण - म, पर - It has reference to place, time, and logical 

sequence. 

8. Vocative –(calling to, address) संबोधन - हे ! हरे ! - The Vocative is the Case used when a 

person or persons are directly addressed. 

This poem could help you to remember all the case endings: 

“कता ने अ कम को, करण रत से जान । 

संदान को, के लए, अपादान से मान ।। 

का, के , क, संबंध ह, अधकरणादक म मान । 

रे ! हे ! हो ! संबोधन, म धरहु यह यान ।। “ 

(Karta ne aru karm ko, karan reeti se jaan. 

Sampradaan ko,ke liye, apadaan se maan.

ka, ke, ki, sambhandh hai, adhikaranaadik mein maan. 

re! hey! ho! sambodhan, mitr dharahu yeh dhyan.)

Case Endings - Part 2 


20091012-CaseEndings-Part2.mp3 

1. कता कारक – denotes the doer of the verb or the deed or action. Though ने (ne) is the case 

ending for karta karak, sometimes it is used without any suffix. 


Rama killed Ravana. राम ने रावण को मारा । Ram ne Ravan ko mara 

Radha is dancing. राधा नाचती है। Radha nachti hai 

The boy read. लड़के ने पढ़ा। Ladke ne padha 

Father drank tea. पताजी ने चाय पी। Pitaji ne chai pi 

Rohit sang a song. रोहत ने गीत गाया। Rohit ne geet gaaya 

2. कम कारक – The person or thing on which an action or deed has an effect or business with is 

denoted by a karm karak. को is its case ending. 


Mohan called Ram. मोहन ने राम को बुलाया। Mohan ne Ram ko bulaaya 

Mother fed the child. माँ ने बचे को खलाया। Maa ne bachche ko khilaya 

I saw Rajan. मैने राजन को देखा। Maine Rajan ko dekha 

Give him a pen. उसको एक कलम दो। Usko ek kalam do 

Annabel likes fruits. आनबेल को फल पसंद है। Annabel ko phal pasand hai

3. करण कारक – denotes the medium or means or that is instrumental in the kriya – verb done by 

a noun or a pronoun. से, के साथ, के वारा are the case endings used. 


Boy writes with a pen. लड़का कलम से लखता है। ladka kalam se likhta hai 

Children are playing with ball. बालक गद से खेल रहे है। Baalak gend se khel rahe hai 

I live with Joseph. म जोसेफ के साथ रहता हूँ। Main Joseph ke saath rahta hoon 

I shall send the letter across my 

son. 

म खत बेटे के वारा बेचती हूँ। Main khat bete ke dwaara bechti 

hoon 

With whom are you going to 

town 

तुम कसके साथ शहर जा रह 

हो 

Tum kiske saath shahar jaa rahi ho 

4. संदान कारक – denotes to whom something is done, or for whom something is given. के लए, को 

are the case endings. 


Give milk to Ramu. रामू को दूध दो। Ramu ko doodh do 

Mary bought toys for her 

child. 

मेर ने बचे के लए खलौना 

खरदा। 

Mary ne bachche ke liye khilauna 

khareeda 

Pray to Sun for health. 

वाय के लए सूय को नमकार 

करो । 

Swaasthya ke liye surya ko namaskar 

karo 

Give fruits to Guruji. गुजी को फल दो। Aree dusht!

Case Endings - Part 3 


20091013-CaseEndings-part3.mp3 

अपादान कारक - a separation/detachment from the noun or the pronoun is denoted by से. 


Book fell from hand. हाथ से कताब गर गयी। Haath se kitaab gir gayi 

Boys are returning from school. लड़के कू ल से लौट रहे है। Ladke school se laut rahe hai 

Sangeetha feel from the horse. संगीता घोड़े से गर पड़ी। Sangeetha ghode se gir padi 

Child fell from roof-top. बचा छत से गर पड़ा। Bachcha chat se gir pada 

6. संबंध कारक - का, के , क signifies a relation or connection between two or more persons or 

things. 


This is Kamala’s cow. यह कमला क गाय है। Yeh Kamala ki gaay hai 

This is Radheshyam’s son. यह राधेयाम का बेटा है। Yeh Radheshyam ka beta hai 

These are Ram’s children. ये राम के बचे है। Ye Ram ke bachche hai 

This is my house. यह मेरा घर है। Yeh mera (main +ka) ghar hai 

This is Thomas’ book. यह थॉमस क कताब है। Yeh Thomas ki kitaab hai 

7. अधकरण कारक - It has reference to place, time, and logical sequence. म, पर are the case 

endings. 


Who stays in this house इस घर म कौन रहता है Is ghar mein kaun rahata hai 

Book is laid on the table. मेज़ पर कताब रखी है। Mez par kitaab rakhi hai

There is red ink in the pen. कलम म लाल याह है। Kalam mein lal syaahi hai 

Bees are hovering over the lowers. भँवरा फू ल पर मँडरा रहा है। Bhavraa phoolom par mandara raha hai 

T.V. is kept in the room. कमरे म ट.वी. रखा है। Kamre mein T.V. raha hai 

8. संबोधन कारक – is used for addressing a person or persons. हे ! हरे ! अरे ! हो ! are used. 


My goodness!/Jesus!/Oh God! हे भगवान ! Hey Bhagvaan 

Oh Brother! why are you crying अरे भैया ! य रो रहे हो Are bhaiyya! kyon ro rahe ho 

Hey Gopal! Come here. हे गोपाल ! यहाँ आओ। Hey Gopal! yaham aao 

Oh wicked! 

अरे दुट!

Examples of case-endings 


20091014-MoreExamplesOfCaseEndings.mp3 

घोड़ा शद 

Case Singular Plural 

कता घोड़े ने घोड़ ने 

कम घोड़े को घोड़ को 

करण घोड़े से घोड़ से 

संदान घोड़े के लए घोड़ के लए 

अपादान घोड़े से घोड़ से 

संबंध घोड़े का, घोड़े क, घोड़े के घोड़ का, घोड़ क, घोड़ के 

अधकरण घोड़े म, घोड़े पर घोड़ म, घोड़ पर 

संबोधन हे घोड़े हे घोड़ 

बालका शद 

Case Singular Plural 

कता बालका ने बालकाओं ने 

कम बालका को बालकाओं को 

करण बालका से बालकाओं से 

संदान बालका के लए बालकाओं के लए 

अपादान बालका से बालकाओं से 

संबंध बालका का, बालका क, बालका के बालकाओं का, बालकाओं क, बालकाओं के 

अधकरण बालका म, बालका पर 

बालकाओं म, बालकाओं पर 

संबोधन हे बालका हे बालकाओं

Adjectives - Shapes & Tastes 


20091015-Adjectives-ShapesTastes.mp3 

Adjectives 

Shapes 

Round गोल gol 

Straight सीधा seedha 

Square समकोण samakon 

Triangular भुज/कोण treebooj / treekorn 

Spherical गोलाकार golaakar 

Cone शंकु 

shanku 

Rectangle समकोण समानातर चतुभुज samakon samaantar chaturbhuj 

Pyramid सूची तंभ soochi stambh 

Cylinder बेलनाकार belanakaar 

Cube घन ghan 

Tastes 

Astringent कटु 

kattu 

Bitter कड़वा kadvaa 

Cool ठंडा thanda 

Delicious वादट swadishth 

Dry सूखा sookha 

Fresh ताज़ा taaza 

Pungent कडुआ kaduwa 

Hot ऊण/ तेज ushn/tej 

Salty नमकन namkeen

Sour खा khataa 

Spicy मसालेदार masaledaar 

Succulent रसभरा/ रसीला rasbhara/raseela 

Sweet मीठा meetha

The Use of चाहए (Chahiye) 


20091016-UseOfChahiye.mp3 

चाहए (Chahiye) means ought to, should, must. When चाहए (chahiye) is used, the subject always 

takes को. 


What do you want आपको या चाहए Aapko kya chahiye 

I want a good pen. मुझे एक अछ कलम चाहए। Mujhe ek achchi kalam chahiye 

Everybody should speak. सबको बोलना चाहए। Sabko bolna chahiye 

Ram should sing. राम को गाना चाहए। Ram ko gaana chahiye 

You must memorize your lesson. तुमको अपना सबक याद करना 

Tumko apna sabak yaad karna chahiye 

चाहए। 

You too must learn Hindi. 

आपको भी हद सीखना चाहए। Aapko bhi Hindi seekhna chahiye 

All must wear clean clothes. 

सबको सॉफ-सुधरे कपड़े पहनने 


Sabko saaf-sudhare kapade pahanne 

chahiye 

Children ought to play in the 

evening everyday. 

बच को रोज़ शाम को खेलना 


Bachchom ko roz shaam ko khelna 

chahiye 

She must do all her work on her 

own. 

Jenny, you must not play in the 

street! 

You should have taken some time 

off last week to get some rest. 

इसको अपना सब काम खुद करना 


जेनी, तुमको सड़क म नहं खेलना 


तुमको पछले हते कु छ समय 

नकाल कर आराम कर लेने चाहए 

Isko apna sab kaam khud karna 

chahiye 

Jenny, tumko sadak mein nahin khelna 

chahiye 

Tumko pichale hafte kuch samay nikal 

kar aaram kar lene chahiye the 

थे।

You shouldn't have drunk so 

much. 

You ought not worry so much. 

तुहे इतना पीना नहं चाहए। 

तुमको इतनी चंता नहं करनी 


Tumhe itna peena nahin chahiye 

Tumko itni chinta nahin karni chahiye 

This stock ought to increase in 

value. 

इस टॉक के मूय म वृ होनी 


Is stock ke moolya mein vrudhi honi 

chahiye

The Use of चुक (Chuk) 


20091017-UseOfChuk.mp3 

चुक (Chuk) means finished or over or cease or conclude. It is used with the verb-root. ने is not 

added to the subject when चुक is used. Variations occur to चुक according to the gender and 

number of the noun. 

Examples: 


Padma finished dancing. पा नाच चुक। Padma naach chuki 

He finished his work. वह अपना काम कर चुका। Vah apna kaam kar chuka 

We finished washing clothes. हम कपड़े धो चुके । Hum kapade dho chuke 

The girls finished running. लड़कयाँ दौड़ चुक। Ladkiyam daud chuki 

Gopal finished writing the homework 

before 6 o’clock. 

गोपाल छःबजे के पहले गृहकाया 

लख चुका। 

Gopal chah baje ke pahale 

grihakarya likh chuka 

I shall finish meeting him before you 

come. 

तुहारे आने के पहले म बोल 

चुका गा। 

Tumhare aane ke pahale main bol 

chuka hoonga 

They had finished their work. 

वे अपना काम पूरा कर चुके थे। Ve apna kaam poora kar chuke the 

Did you finish reading this book 

या तुम यह कताब पढ़ चुके Kya tum yeh kitaab pad chuke 

The teacher has finished teaching his 

lessons. 

अयापक पाठ सीखा चुके । 

Adhyapak padh sikha chuke 

We finished running two kilometers. हम दो कलोमीटर दौड़ चुके । 

Hum do kilometer daud chuke 

Is your sister’s marriage over 

तुहार बहन क शाद हो चुक Tumhari bahan ki shaadi ho chuki 

We have finished our bath. हम नहा चुके । Hum naha chuke

Girls finished eating all mangoes. लड़कयाँ सभी आम खा चुक। Ladkiyam sabhi aam kha chuki 

Since चुक (Chuk) denotes end or conclusion, it is known as समाित बोधक सहायक या 

(samaapti bodhak sahayak kriya).

The Use of सक (Sak) 


20091018-UseOfSak.mp3 

सक (sak) means can or could. It is used with the verb-root. ने is not added to the subject when 

सक is used. Variations to सक are applied according to the gender and number of the noun – 

सका, सक, सके , सक गे, सकते, सकती, सकता. Since सक (Sak) denotes the ability or capability or 

possibility to do something, it is known as शित बोधक सहायक या (shakti bodhak sahayak 

kriya). सक is also used for denoting permission (i.e. may). 

Examples: 


He can speak Tamil. वह तमल बोल सकता है। Vah Tamil bol sakta hai 

Peter can climb a tree पीटर पेड़ पर चढ़ सकता है। Peter ped par chadh sakta hai 

Neeraja can sing Hindi 

songs. 

नीरजा हद गीत गा सकती है। 

Neeraja Hindi geet gaa sakti hai 

Can you understand my 

talk 

या तुम मेर बात समज सकते हो 

Kya tum meri baat samaj sakte ho 

I don't know if I can lift 

this piano by myself. 

म नहं जानता क म अपने आप यह 

पयानो उठा सकता हूँ या नहं। 

Main nahin jaanta ki main apne aap yeh 

piano utha sakta hoon ya nahin 

Could you lend me your 

newspaper 

या आप मुझे आपके अख़बार उदार दे 

सकते है 

Kya aap mujhe aapke akhbaar udaar de 

sakte hai 

Can I go to the party या म पाट/ दावत म जा सहता हूँ Kya main party/daavat mein jaa sahta 

hoon 

Balu could not pass the 

examination. 

I could not meet you 

yesterday. 

बालू परा म उतीण नहं हो सका। 

कल म तुमसे नहं मल सका। 

Balu pareeksha mein uteern nahin ho 

saka 

Kal main tumse nahin mil saka 

Can you smoke outside 

please 

या आप बाहर धूपान कर सकते है Kya aap bahar dhoomrapaan kar sakte 

hai

You can go. तुम जा सकते हो। Tum jaa sakte ho 

Can he lift 150 kgs 

या वह एक सौ पचास कलो उठा 

सकता है 

Kya vah ek sau pachchas kilo otha saktha 

hai 

May I use your swimming 

pool this afternoon 

म इस दोपहर को आपके िविमंग 

पूल (तरणताल) का इतामाल कर 

सकता हूँ 

Main is dopahar ko aapke swimming pool 

(tarantaal) ka istamaal kar sakta hoon 

May I leave the table म टेबल/ मेज़ छोड़ सकता हूँ Main table/mez chod sakta hoon 

We shall not be able to 

catch the train today. 

हम आज रेलगाड़ी नहं पकड़ सक गे। 

Hum aaj relgaadi nahin pakad sakenge

Post- Positions - संबंध सूचक अयय (Sambandh soochak Avyay) 


20091019-Post-Positions-part1.mp3 

Post- Positions are elements that, combines syntactically with a phrase and indicates how that 

phrase should be interpreted in the surrounding context, and also establishes the grammatical 

relationship that links its complement phrase to another word or phrase in the context. 

Examples: 


They eat without salt. वे नमक के बना खाते है। Ve namak ke bina khate hai 

I stay with Lakshmi. म लमी के साथ रहती हूँ। Main Lakshmi ke saath rahti 

hoon 

He sings like Yesudas. 

यह येसुदास क तरह गाता है। Yah Yesudas ki tarah gaata hai 

My friend has much wealth. 

मेरे दोत के पास बहुत धन 

है। 

Mere dost ke pass bahut dhan 

hai 

Everyday Sarala comes after 5 o’clock. 

सरला रोज़ पाँच बजे के बाद 

आती है। 

Sarala roz paanch baje ke baad 

aati hai 

Why is Gomas going towards the sea 

गोमस समुा क तरफ य 

जा रहा है 

Gomas samudra ki taraf kyon jaa 

raha hai 

What do you know about Gandhiji 

तुम गाँधीजी के बारे म या 

जानते हो 

Tum Gandhiji ke bare mein kya 

jaante ho 

आप गाँधीजी के बारे म या 

जानते ह 

Aap Gandhiji ke bare mein kya 

jaante haim 

I have to go towards the school. 

मुझे पाठशाला क और जाना 

है। 

Mujhe paathshaala ki aur jaana 

hai 

Post office is infront of the hotel. डाकघर होटेल के सामने है। Daak ghar hotel ke saamne hai

Cat is above the table. बल मेज़ के उपर है। Billi mez ke upar hai 

Dog is sleeping below the table. 

कु ता मेज़ के नीचे सो रहा 

है। 

Kutta mez ke neeche so raha hai 

Keep your shoes outside the temple. 

अपना जूता मंदर के बाहर 

रखए। 

Apna juta mandir ke baahar 

rakhiye 

My office is behind that house. 

Rachelle is going with Peter. 

मेरा दतर उस मखान के 

पीछे है। 

रेचेल पीटर के साथ जा रह 

है। 

Mera daftar us makhaan ke 

peeche hai 

Rachelle Peter ke saath jaa rahi 

hai 

Please meet me before 4 pm. 

कृ पया चार बजे के पहले 

मुझसे मल। 

Kripaya chaar baje ke pahale 

mujse milen 

Apart from/In addition to Hindi, which 

other language can you speak 

हद के अलावा तुम कौनसी 

भाषा बोल सकते हो 

Hindi ke alaava tum kaunsi 

bhasha bol sakte ho 

Mr.Milton is the new officer in the place 

of Mr.George. 

ी जॉज क जगह, ी 

मटन नये अफ़सर है। 

Shree George ki jagah, shree 

Milton naye afsar hai. 

Study well like Isabella. 

इसबेला क तरह अछ तरह Isabella ki tarah achi tarah padna 

पड़ना।

List of post-positions 


20091020-Post-Positions-part2.mp3 

List of post-positions: 


above के उपर ke upar 

below के नीचे ke neeche 

outside के बाहर ke baahar 

inside के अंदर ke andar 

with, in possession of के पास ke pass 

for के लए, के वाते ke liye, ke vaste 

behind के पीछे ke peeche 

with, in the company of के साथ ke saath 

without के बना ke binaa 

after के बाद ke baad 

in front of के सामने ke saamne 

before के पहले ke pahale 

at the place of के यहाँ ke yaham 

except के सवाय ke sivay 

apart from, in addition to के अलावा ke alaava 

about, regarding के बारे म ke bare mein 

towards क तरफ, क और ki taraf, ki aur 

like, in the manner of क तरह ki tarah 

in the place of क जगह ki jagah

Use of kar 


20091021-UseOfKar.mp3 

The Use of कर (Kar) - कर का उपयोग 

The word कर denotes do/to do/having done something. 


Narayan went home after नारायण रोट खाकर घर Narayan roti khakar ghar gaya 

eating bread. 

गया। 

Do it cautiously, or with 

great care. 

What did you see after 

going to Delhi 

सावधान होकर करो। 

तुम दल जाकर या 

देखा 

After leaving Mumbai, I म मुंबई से चलकर कल 

reached Chennai yesterday. 

चेनई पहुँचा। 

Saavdhaan hokar karo 

Tum dilli jaakar kya dekha 

Main Mumbai se chalkar kal 

Chennai pahuncha 

We eat after bath. हम नहाकर खाते ह। Hum nahakar khate haim 

I shall come after going म घर होकर आऊं गा। Main ghar hokar aaoonga 

home. 

On hearing this he got very यह सुनकर वह बहुत नाराज़ Yah sunkar vah bahut naraaz hua 

angry. 

हुआ। 

What did the doctor say 

after examining the 

patient 

Seeing the policeman, the 

thief ran away. 

Having taken the tiffin, 

they went to school. 

I will buy this book and 

read. 

Plane flew a short distance 

and landed down. 

रोगी क जांज करके डॉटर 

ने या कहा 

पोलस को देखकर चोर 

भाग गया। 

नाता करके वे कू ल गये। 

म यह कताब खरद कर 

पढ़ूंगा। 

हवाइ ज़हाज़ थोड़ी दूर 

उड़कर नीचे उतरा। 

You did bad meeting him. तुमने उनसे मलकर बह ुत 

Rogi ki janj karke dactor ne kya 

kaha 

Police ko dhekakr chor bhag gaya 

Nashta karke ve school gaye 

Main yah kitaab khareed kar 

padhoonga 

Hawai jahaz thodi door udkar 

neeche utara 

Tumne unse milkar bahut bura

How to maintain the 

computer 

How to use almond 

Having eaten and drunk, 

they went to 

बुरा कया। 

कयूटर का रख रखाव 

कै से कर 

बादाम का सेवन कै से कर 

खा पीकर वे सो गये। 

kiya 

Computer ka rakh rakhaav kaise 

karem 

Badam ka sevan kaise karem 

Kha peekar ve so gaye 

sleep. 

He did it knowingly or 

deliberately. 

There is no meaner 

occupation than begging. 

AIDS is an infectious 

disease that weakens the 

immunity of the infected 

person and victimize them 

to many other diseases and 

result in death. 

जान भूझ कर उसने ऐसा 

कया। 

माँगने से बढ़कर कोई अदम 

काम नहं है। 

एस एक ऐसा सांमक 

बीमार है जो पीड़त यित 

क रोग नरोधक शित को 

अयंतक कमज़ोर कर 

अय कई बीमारय का 

शकार बनाकर यु का 

कारण बनती है। 

Jaan bhujh kar usne aisa kiya 

Maangne se badkar koi adam 

kaam nahin hai 

Aids ek aisa saankramik bimari 

hai jo peedit vyakti ki rog 

nirodhak shakti ko athyanthik 

kamzor kar anya kayi bimariyom 

ka shikahar banakar mrytyu ka 

karan banti hai

Use of Chah 


20091022-UseOfChah.mp3 

The Use of चाह (Chah) 

The word चाह means love, liking, desire, demand, or requirement. The use of चाह is different 

from the use of चाहए (chahiye). 


What do you want तुम या चाहते हो Tum kya chahte ho 

I want some work. म कु छ काम चाहता हूँ। Main kuch kaam chahta hoon 

We want good Government. हम सुशासन चाहते ह। 

Hum sushaasan chahte haim 

We want leave today. हम आज छु ी चाहते ह। Hum aaj chutti chahte haim 

I wanted a cup of hot 

coffee. 

मैने एक याला गरम काफ़ Maine ek pyala garam kafi chahi 

चाह। 

What did he want उसने या चाहा Usne kya chaha 

I want your car for few 

hours. 

थोड़ी देर के लए म आपक 

गाड़ी चाहता हूँ। 

Do you want these books या तुम ये कताब चाहते 

My sister wants a picture 

like this. 

Do you want warm water or 

cold water 

I want to learn Hindi. 

Saran wants to read 

Sanskrit. 

When do you want to go to 

Madrid 

हो 

मेर बहन ऐसा एक च 

चाहती है। 

तुम गरम पानी चाहते हो 

या ठंडा पानी 

Thodi der ke liye main aapki 

gaadi chahta hoon 

Kya tum ye kitaabem chahte ho 

Meri bahan aisa ek chitr chahti 

hai 

Tum garam paani chahte ho ya 

thanda paani 

म हद सीखना चाहता हूँ। Main Hindi seekhna chahta hoon 

सरण संकृ त पढ़ना चाहता 

है। 

तुम कब मॅड जाना चाहते 

हो 

They wanted to help you. वे आपक सहायता करना 

Saran Sanskrit padhna chahta hai 

Tum kab Madrid jaana chahte 

ho 

Ve aapki sahaayata karna chahte

चाहते थे। 

Where do you want to stay आप कहाँ रहना चाहते ह 

the 

Aap kahan rahna chahte haim 

Do you want to see Hindi 

cinema 

Ravana wanted to marry 

Sita. 

She does not want to live in 

this house. 

या तुम हद सनेमा 

देखना चाहते हो 

रावण ने सीता से शाद 

करना चाहा। 

वह इस घर म रहना नहं 

चाहती। 

Kya tum Hindi cinema dekhna 

chahte ho 

Ravan ne Sita se shaadi karna 

chaha 

Vah is ghar mein rahna nahin 

chahti

Conjunctions - part 1 


20091023-Conjunctions-part1.mp3 

Conjunction – समुछय बोधक (Samuchaya bodhak) 

A conjunction is a word that connects other words or groups of words or sentences. There are 

two types of conjunctions in Hindi – समानाधकरण (Samaanaadhikaran) and यधकरण 

(vyadhikaran) 

I. समानाधकरण (Samaanaadhikaran) Conjunctions connects two grammatically equal 

words or word groups or sentences.The types of समानाधकरण (Samaanaadhikaran) 

Conjunctions are: 

• संयोजक - Samyojak (Additive) such as and-और (aur), and-व (va), and- तथा (tatha), एवं 

(evam). They are used to join grammatically equal single words or clauses or sentences. 


Ram and Shyam राम और याम Ram aur Shyam 

Bob and Dan are friends. बॉब और दान दोत ह। Bob aur Dan dost hai 

Clouds came and it started 

raining. 

बादल आए और वषा होने 

लगी। 

Badal aye aur varsha hone 

lagi 

bid and offer price बोल एवं तावत कमत boli evam prasthavit keemath 

prospectus and rights ववरण प एवं अधकार प vivaran patr evam adhikaar 

patr 

printing and stationery supplies छपाई तथा लेखन सामी chapaayi tatha lekhan 

samagri 

complaint and suggestion book शकायत व सुझाव पुितका shikaayat va sukhaav pustika 

• Vibhajak (Disjoint) such as or -या (ya), and/or -वा (va), or -अथवा (athva), कं वा (kinwa), 

क (ki), या-या (ya-ya), whether...or - चाहे-चाहे (chahe-chahe), either...or/what -या-या

(kya-kya), neither...nor -ना-ना (na-na), etc. It shows a prohibition of one and acceptance 

or recognition of another clause or word. 


Ram or Shyam राम या याम Ram ya Shyam 

Take a knife or a dagger. चाकू या छु र ले लो। chaku ya churee le lo 

Whether you read today or 

tomorrow... 

Either it will rain or there will be a 

storm 

He neither hears nor speaks. 

चाहे आज पढ़ो चाहे कल 

पढ़ो 

वषा होगी अथवा आँधी 

आएगी। 

वह न सुनता है न बोलता 

है। 

Chahe aaj padho chahe kal 

padho 

Varsha hogi athava aandhi 

ayegi 

Vah na sunta hai na bolta hai 

• वरोध दशक (Virodh darshak): This conjuction denotes a contradiction or a conflict or 

aversion between the two words or clauses or sentences. परतु (parantu), कतु (kintu), 

वरना (varna), लेकन (lekin), etc are the Virodh darshak conjuctions. 


I went to his house but he म उसके घर गया परतु 

Main uske ghar gaya parantu vah 

did not meet. 

nahin mila 

वह नहं मला। 

He is a wise guy, but is 

naughty. 

Not merely for two days, I 

will remain for two years. 

I like to study but he likes 

to play. 

He is small, yet he is very 

strong. 

लड़का बुमान है, पर 

नटखट है। 

न के वल दो दन वरना दो 

साल तक रहूँगा। 

मुझे पढ़ना पसंद है, लेकन 

वह खेलना पसंद करता है। 

वह छोटा है, तो भी बड़ा 

बलवान है। 

Ladka budhimaan hai, par natkhat 

hai 

Na keval do din varna do saal tak 

rahoonga 

Mujhe padna pasand hai, lekin 

vah khelna pasand karta hai 

Vah chota hai, to bhi bada balvaan 

hai

Conjunction - part 2 



conjunctions contd.......... 

• परणाम दशक (Parinaam darshak) (Shows Result) : Introducing what will result, if 

certain conditions be fulfilled. इस वाते (is vaaste), इस कारण (is kaaran), लहाजा 

(lihaaja), because-यक (kyomki), जो क (jo ki), so that - ताक (taaki), etc are the 

Parinaam darshak conjuctions. 


I worked hard hence I म मेहनत कया इसलए म Main mehnat kiya isliye main 

became successful. 

safal hua 

सफल हुआ। 

Today is Sunday, so school 

does not work. 

I shall not go to school today 

because it a holiday. 

So that the best of the car are 

designed ... 

We have such procedures 

which give access to your 

personal information only to 

such employees ... 

आज रववार है इसलए 

कू ल काम नहं करता। 

आज म कू ल नहं 

जाऊँ गा, यक आज छु ी 

है। 

ताक कार का डज़ाइन हो 

बेट... 

हमारे पास ऐसी याएं 

ह जो आपक यितगत 

जानकार क पहुंच ऐसे 

कमचारय तक ... 

Aaj ravivaar hai isliye school 

kaam nahin karta 

Aaj main school nahin jaaoonga, 

kyonki aaj chutti hai 

Taaki car ka design ho best... 

Hamare pass aisi prakriyam 

haim jo aapki vyaktigat jaankari 

ki pahunch aise karmchaariyon 

tak... 

I. यधकरण (vyadhikaran) Conjunctions helps in joining the dependent clause to the main 

clause or sentence. The types of यधकरण (vyadhikaran) Conjunctions are:

• कारण वाचक (Kaaran vaachak): Shows the reason of a sentence is implicit in another 

sentence. because/since - यक(kyonki), since-इसलए(isliye), whereas/seeing-चू ँक 

(chunki), so that-ताक (taaki), such as-जैसे क (jaise ki). 


I will not sleep because there म नह सोउँगा यक Main nahni so unga kyonki 

are mosquitoes here. 

yehan par machhar hai 

यहाँ पर मछर है। 

I was sick, so I went to the 

hospital. 

Child cries because he is 

hungry. 

बीमार था इसलए 

अपताल गया। 

बचा रोता है यक वह 

भूखा है। 

Main bimar tha isliye aspataal 

gaya 

Bachcha rota hai kyonki vah 

bhookka hai 

• ऊेय वाचक (Uddeshya vaachak): the result or motive or cause of one clause is found in 

another clause. 


Walk fast so that we reach तेज चलो ताक हम टेशन Tej chalo taki hum station 

station in time. 

theek samay par pahunch 

ठक समय पर पहुँच जाए। jaye 

Teacher told that it is holiday 

tomorrow. 

Dyslexia is a mental disorder 

whereby difficulty in reading 

and writing is caused. 

I advised/explained her so that 

she is not rude again. 

अयापक ने कहा क कल 

छु ी है। 

डसलेसीया ऐसी मानसक 

वकार है िजससे पढ़ने 

लखने म कठनाई होती 

है। 

मैने उसे समझाया ताक वह 

फर गुताख़ी न करे। 

Adhyapak ne kaha ki kal 

chutti hai 

Dyslexia aisi manasik vikaar 

hai jisse padhne likhne mein 

katinayi hoti hai 

Maine use samjhaya taaki 

vah phir gustaakhi na kare

Conjunctions - part 3 



Conjunctions contd.......... 

• संके त वाचक (Sanket vaachak): is a conjuction where the hint or clue or a condition is 

present in one clause or sentence and its result is denoted in the other clause or sentence. 

ययप.... फर भी/तदाप (Yadyapi.... phir bhi/tadaapi), चाहे पर (chahe par), अगर तो 

(agar to), etc are Sanket vaachak conjuctions. 


I would be happy if they came. अगर वे आते तो म खुश Agar ve aate to main khush 

hota 

होता। 

Although/though/eventhough he 

studied well he still failed. 

Although it rained yesterday, yet the 

heat has not decreased. 

If you study well, you will pass the 

exam. 

Although TTL is trying to keep the 

website information correct, however, 

it takes no responsibility for its 

infallibility. 

ययप उसने अछ 

तरह पढ़ा फर भी वह हार 

गया। 

ययप कल पानी बरसा 

फर भी गम कम नहं 

हुई। 

अगर तुम अछ तरह 

पढ़ोगे तो परा म उतीण 

होगे। 

ययप टटएल क 

कोशश यह रहती है 

क वेबसाइट पर सह 

जानकार द जाए, 

तथाप यह इसक 

अचूकता के लए कोई 

िजमेदार नहं लेता है। 

Yadyapi usne achchi tarah 

padha phir bhi vah haar gaya 

Yadyapi kal paani barsa phir 

bhi garmi kam nahin huyi 

Agar tum achchi tarah 

padhoge to pareeksha mein 

uteern hoge 

Yadyapi TTL ki koshish 

yahi hai ki website par sahi 

jaankari dee jaye, tathapi 

yah iski achukta ke liye koyi 

jimmaedaari nahin leta hai

• वप वाचक (Swaroop vaachak): are conjunctions that denote the actual nature or 

character of one clause in the second clause or sentence. मानो (maano), namely - यानी 

(yaani), क (ki), meaning-अथात ्(arthath), etc. 


I advised him that he should मैने उसे समझाया क तुहे Maine use samjhaya ki tumhe 

not do such work. 

aisa kaam nahin karna chahiye 

ऐसा काम नहं करना 

Jodha means Hindi and Akbar 

means Urdu... 

The plastic money- credit 

cards or Plastic money viz 

credit cards 

Neelkanth means whose throat 

is blue. That means Shiva. 


जोधा यानी हद, अकबर 

यानी उदू .... 

े डट काड यानी लािटक 

मनी। 

नीलकं ठ, नीला है कं ठ 

िजसका अथात ् शव। 

Jodha yaani Hindi, Akbar yaani 

Urdu.... 

Credit card yaani plastic money 

Neelkanth,neela hai kanth jiska 

arthath Shiva 

Believe it or not,.... मानो या न मानो,.... Maano ya na maano, ...

Number – वचन (Vachan) - part 1 


20091026-Number-part1.mp3 

Number – वचन (Vachan) 

There are two Numbers in Hindi, Singular and Plural. A Noun denoting one person or thing is 

said to be in the Singular Number- एकवचन (ekvachan). A Noun denoting more than one person 

or thing is said to be in the Plural Number- बहुवचन (bahuvachan). 

Singular 

Plural 

English Hindi Transliteration English Hindi Transliteration 

Boy लड़का Ladka Boys लड़के Ladke 

Book पुतक Pustak Books पुतक Pustakem 

Road, राता Rasta 

Roads, राते Raste 

Passage 

Passages 

River नद Nadi Rivers नदयाँ Nadiyam 

Dog कु ता Kutta Dogs कु ते Kutte 

Cat बल Billi Cats बिलयाँ Billiyam 

Elephant हाथी Hathi Elephants हाथी Hathi 

The Plural is, however, frequently used as a polite and respectful form with reference to a single 

person also. 


Prime Minister will speak. धान मंी बोलगे। Pradhan manthri bolenge 

Mahatma Gandhi came. महामा गाँधी आए थे। Mahatma Gandhi aaye the 

The King has come. राजा आए ह। Raja aaye haim 

Father went. पताजी चले गये। Pitaji chale gaye

The Singular Number is inherent in the base-form of Noun, as in लड़का (ladka)- a boy, गाय 

(gaay)- a cow, आदत (aadat)- a habit, घोड़ा (ghoda)- a horse, etc. 

Many Hindi Nouns have the same base-form in the Plural Number as well as in एक घर (ek ghar) 

- one house, दो घर (do ghar) - two houses; while others are slightly modified as in एक लड़का (ek 

ladka) - one boy, दो लड़के (do ladke) - two boys; एक गाय (ek gaay) - one cow, दो गाएँ (do 

gaaye) - two cows, and so on. 

Some words are always used in plural. Such as आँसू (ansu) – tears, ाण (praan) –life, breath, 

लोग (log) – people, ओंठ (onth) – lips, दशन (darshan) – sight, view, and so on. 

Some words are always used in the singular form such as fear- भय (bhay), compassion - कणा 

(karuna), sympathy - दया (daya), joy/bliss - आनंद (anand), etc.

Number – वचन (Vachan) - part 2 



Number – वचन (Vachan) 

There are two Numbers in Hindi, Singular and Plural. A Noun denoting one person or thing is 

said to be in the Singular Number- एकवचन (ekvachan). A Noun denoting more than one person 

or thing is said to be in the Plural Number- बहुवचन (bahuvachan). 

Examples: 


This girl is small. यह लड़क छोट है। Yeh ladki choti hai 

These girls are small ये लड़कयाँ छोट ह। Ye ladkiyam choti haim 

These fruits are sweet. ये फल मीठे ह। Ye phal meethe haim 

That sweet fruit comes 

from Mumbai. 

वह मीठा फल मुंबई से आता 

है। 

Vah meetha phal mumbai se aata 

hai 

I have two pens. मेरे पास दो कलम ह। Mere pass do kalamem haim 

What are the names of your 

sons 

आपके लड़के का नाम या 

है 

What is written in these इन कताब म या लखा है 

books 

Where do you people live आप लोग कहाँ रहते ह 

Aapke ladke ka naam kya hai 

In kitaabom mein kya likha hai 

Aap log kaham rahate haim 

My uncles have come. मेरे चाचा आए ह। Mere chacha aaye haim 

What is the price of these 

cows 

इन गाय का दाम कतना है 

These watches are not 

good. 

ये घड़याँ अछ नहं है। 

Cats catch rats. 

बिलयाँ चूहे को पकड़ती ह। 

My sisters don’t eat bread. मेर बहन रोट नहं खातीं। 

In gaayom ka daam kitana hai 

Ye ghadiyam achchi nahin hai 

Billiyam chuhe ko pakadti haim 

Meri bahenem roti nahin khatim 

Ram has two horses. राम के पास दो घोड़े ह। Ram ke pass do ghode haim 

Elephant’s eyes are small हाथी क आँख छोट और Hathi ki aankhem choti aur kaan

and ears are big. कान बड़े होते ह। bade hote haim 

There are five rivers in 

Punjab. 

The roads in Madras are 

very broad. 

Women wear bangles in 

their hands. 

पंजाब म पाँच नदयाँ ह। 

मास क सड़क बहुत चौड़ी 

ह। 

ियाँ अपनी हाथ म चूड़याँ 

पहनती ह। 

Punjab mein paanch nadiyam haim 

Madras ki sadkem bahut choudi 

haim 

Sthriyam apni hathom mein 

choodiyam pahanti haim

Number part 3 



Rules for changing Singular Number - एकवचन (ekvachan) to Plural Number- बहुवचन 

(bahuvachan) - - without Case: 

1. Masculine nouns ending in ‘आ’ make their plural form by changing ‘आ’ to ‘ए’ 

egs. 

Singular 

Plural 


Son बेटा Beta Sons बेटे Bete 

Leaf पता Patta Leaves पते Patte 

Horse घोड़ा Ghoda Horses घोडे Ghode 

Cloth कपड़ा Kapada Clothes कपड़े Kapake 

Boy लड़का Ladka Boys लड़के Ladke 

Exceptions:- 

Some masculine nouns have the same form for plurals as in maternal uncle – मामा(mama), 

maternal grandfather – नाना (nana), paternal grandfather – दादा (dada), paternal uncle – चाचा 

(chacha), uncle – काका (kaka), father – पता (pita), warrior – योदा (yodha), a term of respect to 

the aged – बाबा (baba), leader – नेता (neta), companion – सखा (sakha), etc. 

2. Feminine Nouns ending in इ form their plural by changing ‘इ’ to ‘याँ’. 

Singular 

Plural 


Custom/method रत Reeti Customs / methods रतयाँ Reethiyam 

Night रा Raatri Nights रायाँ Raatriyam

Caste जात Jaati Castes जातयाँ Jaatiyam 

Amount राश Raasi Amounts राशयाँ Raasiyam 

Date तथ Tithi Dates तथयाँ Tithiyam 

3. Feminine Nouns ending in ई form their plural by changing ‘ई’ to ‘इ form’ and adding 

‘याँ’. 

Singular 

Plural 


Girl लड़क Ladki Girls लड़कयाँ Ladkiyam 

Lady/woman ी Stree Ladies/women ियाँ Sthriyam 

River नद Nadi Rivers नदयाँ Nadiyam 

Girl Friend सखी Sakhi Girl Friends सखयाँ Sakhiyam 

Story कहानी Kahani Stories कहानयाँ Kahaniyam 

4. Nouns ending in ‘इया’ generally form their plural by the simple addition of anunasik – 

चंबदु (◌ँ). 

Singular 

Plural 


Daughter बटया Bitiya Daughters बटयाँ Bitiyam 

Bird चड़या Chidiya Birds चड़याँ Chidiyaam 

Doll गुड़या Gudiya Dolls गुड़याँ Gudiyaam

5. Feminine nouns ending in ‘अ’ forms plural by changing अ to ‘एं ‘ . 

Singular 

Plural 


Night रात Raat Nights रात Raatem 

Matter/topic बात Baat Matters/topics बात Baatem 

Book कताब Kitaab Books कताब Kitaabem 

Eye आँख Aankh Eyes आँख Aankhem 

6. Feminine nouns ending in ‘आ’ forms plural by changing आ to ‘एँ ‘ 

Singular 

Plural 


Climber लता Latha Climbers लताएँ Lathayem 

Mother माता Maata Mothers माताएँ Maatayem 

Girl/Maiden कया Kanya Girls/Maidens कयाएँ Kanyayem 

Flow/trend धारा Dhaara Flows/trends धाराएँ Dhaarayem 

7. Except for the masculine nouns that end in ‘आ’, all others remain the same in the plural 

form. 


Teacher गु Guru 

Infant/child बालक Baalak 

House घर Ghar 

Animal पशु 

Pashu 

Dot/Point 

बंदु 

Bindu 

Holy person मुन Muni

Number - part 4 



Rules for changing Singular Number - एकवचन (ekvachan) to Plural Number- बहुवचन 

(bahuvachan) - - without Case: contd....... 

8. Feminine nouns ending in ‘उ’ & ‘ऊ’ form plurals by changing ‘उ’ & ‘ऊ’ to ‘एँ ‘ 

Singular 

Plural 


Thing वतु Vastu Things वतुएँ Vastuyem 

Cow गौ Gau Cows गौएँ Gauyem 

Daughter in Bahu Daughters in 

बहु बहुएँ Bahuyem 

law 

law 

Bride वधू 

Vadhu Brides वधुएँ Vadhuyem 

9. Except for the Feminine nouns that end in ‘ई’, most of the other feminine nouns can be 

changed to plural by adding ‘एँ 

Singular 

Plural 


Neck- माला Maala Neck-Chains 

Chain 

मालाएँ Maalayem 

Thing वतु Vastu Things वतुएँ Vastuyem 

10. For changing some nouns to their plural forms, collective words like गण–clan, लोगpeople/community, 

वृद-covey, जन-folks/tribe, and so on are added to the singular 

nouns.

Singular 

Plural 

Englisप Hindi Transliteration English Hindi Transliteration 

Student/reader पाठक Padhak Students/readers पाठकगण Padhakgan 

Teacher अयापक Adhyaapak Teachers अयापकवृ ंद 

Adhyaapakvrind 

Student/disciple वयाथ Vidyaarthi Students/disciples वयाथलोग Vidyaarthilog 

Sinner पापी Paapi Sinners पापीजन Paapijan 

Kin बधु 

Bandhu Kinsfolk बधु जन Bandhujan 

You आप Aap You आपलोग Aaplog 

Army/corp सेना Sena Army/corps सेनादल Senadal 

Rules for changing Singular Number – एकवचन to Plural Number- बहुवचन - with Case: 

1. All nouns ending in ‘अ’, ‘आ’, ‘उ’, ‘ऊ’, ‘ओ’ and ‘ए ’ could be changed to the plurals by 

changing the ending sound to ‘ओं ’. Possibly a few words do not conform to this rule. 

Singular 

Plural 


In the hand हाथ haath mein In the hands हाथ म haathom mein 

from the eye 

The dog 

म 

आँख 

से 

कु ते 

ने 

On the 

climber/creeper लता 

to the animal 

पर 

पशु 

को 

aankh se from the eyes आँख से aankhom se 

kutte ne The dogs कु त ने kuttom ne 

lata par 

On the 

climbers/creepers 

लाताओं पर 

lataom par 

pashu ko to the animals पशुओं को pashuom ko

2. All nouns ending in ‘इ’ & ‘ई’ could be changed to their plurals by changing the ‘इ’ & ‘ई’ 

to ‘य ‘. 

Singular 

Plural 


From saint मुन से muni se From saints मुनय से muniyom se 

In the river नद म nadi mein In the rivers नदय म nadiyom mein 

Accusative case - 

को 

वयाथ 

को 

vidyaarthi ko 

वयाथय 

को 

vidyaarthiyom 

ko 

The personal pronouns are as follows: 

Singular 

Plural 

First Person I म (main) We हम (ham) 

Second Person 

Intimate 

Second Person 

Familiar 

Second Person 

Respectful 

You तू (tu) -- 

You 

You 

तुम 

(tum) 

आप 

(aap) 

You 

You 

तुम (tum) 

आप/ आपलोग 

(aap/aaplog) 

Third Person Near He, She, It, 

This 

Third Person Far 

He, She, It, 

That 

यह (yah) They,These ये (ye) 

वह (vah) They, 

Those 

वे (ve)

The possessive pronouns: 

SINGULAR 

PLURAL 

English Hindi English Hindi 

My मेरा (mera) Our हमारा (hamara) 

Your तेरा (tera) Your आपका (aapka) 

Your 

तुहारा 

(tumhara) 

Their 

उनका (unka) 

His 

उसका (uska)

Interrogative sentences 


20091030-InterrogativeSentences.mp3 

Interrogative Sentences – शन वाचक (Prashna vachak) 


What is your name तुहारा नाम या है Tumhara naam kya hai 

What do you want तुम या चाहते हो Tum kya chahate ho 

Where do you live 

Do you know Simon 

Why are you learning 

Hindi 

When does the train depart 

from here 

How many hours do you 

sleep 

What type of a man is 

Gopal Rao 

Who washes your cloth 

तुम कहाँ रहते हो 

आप कहाँ रहते ह 

या तुम साइमन को 

जानते हो 

आप य हद सीख रहे 

है 

रेलगाड़ी यहाँ से कब रवाना 

होती है 

आप कतने घंटे सोते है 

गोपाल राव कै सा आदमी है 

तुहारे कपड़े कौन धोता है 

Tum kahan rahate ho 

Aap kahan rahate haim 

Kya tum Simon ko jaante ho 

Aap kyon Hindi seekh rahe hai 

Relgaadi yahan se kab ravaana 

hoti hai 

Aap kitane ghante sote hai 

Gopal Rao kaisa aadmi hai 

Tumhare kapade kaun dhota hai 

How much money do you तुहारे पास कतने पये है Tumhare pass kitane rupaye hai 

have 

What games do you know तुमको या-या खेल मालूम Tumko kya-kya khel maloom 

hai 

है 

In whose house do you live 

nowadays 

Who speaks Urdu in her 

house 

आजकल तुम कसके घर म 

रहते हो 

उसके घर म कौन-कौन उदू 

बोलते ह 

When does it rain in Ooty ऊट म पानी कब बरसता 

Aajkal tum kiske ghar mein 

rahate ho 

Uske ghar mein kaun-kaun Urdu 

bolte haim 

Ooty mein paani kab barsata hai

Where do these oranges 

come from 

How is his health today 

Who is the owner of your 

house 

है 

ये संतरे कहाँ से आते है 

आज उसक तबीयत कै सी 

है 

Ye santare kaham se aate hai 

Aaj uski tabiyat kaisi hai 

तुहारे घर का मलक कौन Tumhare ghar ka malik kaun hai 

है 

When does the stars shine तारे कब चमकती ह 

Taare kab chamakti haim 

Will he be here tomorrow या वह कल यहाँ रहेगा 

Kya vah kal yahan rahega 

Do you like tea or coffee तुमको चाय पसंद है या Tumko chay pasand hai ya kafi 

काफ़ 

Where is Taj Mahal ताज महल कहाँ है Taj Mahal kahan hai 

How can I do this work 

alone 

म अके ले यह काम कै से 

कर सकता हूँ 

Main akele yah kaam kaise kar 

sakta hoon

Describing people – लोग का वणन (Logon ka varnan) 



How tall is he वह कतना लंबा है Vah kitana lamba hai 

He is tall. वह लंबा है। Vah lamba hai 

He is very tall. वह बहुत लंबा है। Vah bahut lamba hai 

He is short. वह छोटा है। Vah chota hai 

He is quite short. वह काफ़ छोटा है। Vah kaafi chota hai 

He is medium height. वह मायम ऊं चाई का है। Vah madhyam oochayi ka hai 

He is thin. वह पतला है। Vah patala hai 

Is she slim या वह पतल है Kya vah patali hai 

No, She is fat/plump. नहं, वह मोट है। Nahin, vah moti hai 

Does she have long hair उसके लंबे बॉल है या Uske lambe baal hai kya 

She has long, black hair. उसके लंबे काले बाल है। Uske lambe kale baal hai 

She has short hair. उसके छोटे बाल है। Uske chote baal hai 

She has short, straight, 

brown hair. 

उसके छोटे, सीधे, भूरे रंग के 

बाल है। 

Uske chote, seedhe, bhure rang ke 

baal hai 

What colour hair does she उसके बाल के रंग या है Uske baalom ke rang kya hai 

have 

She has blonde hair. उसके सुनहरे बाल है। Uske sunhare baal hai 

He has no hair. उसके बाल नहं है। Uske baal nahin hai 

Does she wear glasses या वह चमा पहनती है Kya vah chashma pahanti hai 

Yes, She wears glasses हाँ, वह चमा पहनती है। Ham, vah chashma pahanti hai 

She has very pale skin. उसक वचा बहुत पील है। Uski tvacha bahut peeli hai 

Mary is a very beautiful 

woman. 

Jack is a very handsome 

man. 

मेर एक बहुत खूबसूरत 

औरत है। 

जैक एक बहुत सुंदर आदमी 

है। 

Mary ek bahut khoobsoorat aurat 

hai 

Jack ek bahut sundar aadmi hai 

Dona is a pretty girl. डोना एक सुंदर लड़क है। Dona ek sundar ladki hai

Quasimodo is quite ugly. क़ु आसमोड़ो काफ़ बदसूरत Quasimodo kafi badsoorat hai 

है। 

He has a very big nose. उसके बहुत बड़े नाक है। Uske bahut bade naak hai 

She has blue eyes. उसक नील आँख है। Uski neeli aankhem hai

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