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288 Faria et al. and removal. [9] Another common name for LT2 is bility, or degradation of fitness condition over time. the ‘onset of blood lactate accumulation’. [10] An A rightward shift of the lactate-velocity curve readditional approach of determining LT2 is lactate flects training-induced gains. Dmax. This method provides a means of estimating ‘Gross efficiency’ is the ratio of work done durpower output corresponding to a rate of glycogen ing cycling to the total energy expended and is utilisation that can be maintained for 1 hour. The expressed as a percentage. [14] It is important to re- Dmax method involves calculating the point on the member that measurement of gross efficiency is regression curve that yields the maximal perpendic- limited to intensities that elicit a respiratory exular distance from a curve representing work and change ratio of
The Science of Cycling: Part 1 289 Table I. Commonly applied aerobic bicycle ergometer test protocols Study Initial work-load Work-load increase Stage duration Pedal cadence Termination (W) (W) (min) Bentley et al. [16] 100 30 1 Self-select Exhaustion Bishop et al. [17] 50 25 3 Self-select Exhaustion Fernández-García et 100 50 4 Self-select Exhaustion al. [18] Harnish et al. [19] 200 50 2 min for first 6 min, 80 rpm Exhaustion 1 min thereafter 25 Heil et al. [20] 80 30 (men), 25 (women) 1 80 rpm Exhaustion Laursen and Jenkins [21] 100 15 30 sec Self-select Exhaustion Lepers et al. [22] 150 25 2 Self-select Exhaustion Lindsay et al. [23] 3.3 W/kg 25–50 2.5 80–90 rpm Exhaustion Lucía et al. [24] 0 25 1 70–90 rpm
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