Download Report - European Business and Technology Centre

The Water Management Sector in India : an overview of research and activity 

INDEX 

ABOUT THIS PUBLICATION ........................................................................................................................................ 2 

AKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................................................... 2 

PREFACE .................................................................................................................................................................... 3 

1. The Water Management Sector in India .................................................................................................... 4 

1. OVERALL SCENARIO ..................................................................................................................................... 4 

2. Direction for Research and Technological Development ............................................................. 6 

1. NATIONAL WATER MISSION ................................................................................................................... 6 

2. NATIONAL DRINKING WATER MISSION .................................................................................................. 8 

3. WASTEWATER TREATMENT .......................................................................................................................... 9 

2. COMPANIES AND RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS IN THE INDIAN WATER MANAGEMENT SECTOR ..................... 10 

1. OVERVIEW OF THE REPORT ....................................................................................................................... 10 

2. Organizations in water supply and sanitation ............................................................................... 12 

1. Arghyam ............................................................................................................................................... 12 

2. State Water and Sanitation Mission, Rural Water Supply Department, Govt. of Andhra Pradesh ........... 13 

3. Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation .......................................................................................... 13 

4. Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, IIT Bombay ......................................................... 15 

5. Water and Environment Sanitation India (WES-NET) .......................................................................... 16 

3. Organizations in Wastewater Treatment ........................................................................................ 17 

1. Pallavaram Tanners Industrial Effluent Treatment Company, Ltd. ....................................................... 17 

2. Central Leather Research Institute ...................................................................................................... 17 

3. Ambika Projects India Ltd. ................................................................................................................... 18 

4. Nuchem Ltd. ........................................................................................................................................ 19 

5. UEM Group .......................................................................................................................................... 19 

6. Southern Cogen Systems Pvt. Ltd. ....................................................................................................... 20 

7. National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) ........................................................ 21 

4. Organizations in Wastewater Conservation & Recycling ............................................................ 23 

1. Akar Impex ........................................................................................................................................... 23 

2. Linear technologies .............................................................................................................................. 23 

3. Auroville Centre for Scientific Research ............................................................................................... 24 

4. Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Madras ....................................................................................... 25 

5. Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd. ................................................................................................................ 26 

6. WABAG ................................................................................................................................................ 26 

3. APPENDIX ......................................................................................................................................................... 28 

1


ABOUT THIS PUBLICATION 

This publication is presented to you as a companion to the EU – India Greentech Matchmaking Event 2011, an event 

organized by the European Business and Technology Centre (EBTC) and its partners, the Indo-Italian Chamber of 

Commerce and Industry (IICCI), the Chamber of Commerce of Milan, Innovhub and CEIPIEMONTE. 

Within the framework of the first edition of the Indo-Italian Business Conference (IIBC), this event aims to create 

connections and foster an exchange of technologies, patents and knowledge between European and Indian 

companies in the energy, environment and sustainable transport sectors. 

On 27th and 29th September 2011, a European and Indian delegation of companies and research organizations 

is meeting in two Indian cities, Mumbai and Bengaluru. Their agenda is rich with business-to-business partnering 

sessions, panel and round table discussions with key government officials and top players of the Indian industry, 

networking events and site visits. 

This publication aims to offer you an overview of the five sectors that are relevant to the event: environmental 

biotech, renewable energy, sustainable transport, water management, and solid waste management. In order 

to introduce you to these fields, each volume offers a summary of relevant research, as well as a representative 

collection of organizations active in this space. 

We hope this will be a valuable tool in the productive exchange of knowledge and experience, and the creation of 

business opportunities during the event. 

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 

We are grateful to Mr. Sauro Mezzetti of EUTECNE for coordinating the efforts that made it possible to publish this 

paper. We also give thanks to Energy Alternatives India for contributing their research. 

For any queries related to this paper, please contact Mr. Gianpaolo Sarolli at the Chamber of Commerce 

Milan - Innovhub.(gianpaolo.sarolli@mi.camcom.it) 

2


PREFACE 

Water can be defined as the most critical resource for India’s society from many points of view: availability, supply, 

sanitation needs, pollution and discharge. It is the most basic and primary need, but it is still out of reach for a large 

section of the population, either in terms of supply or in terms of adequacy to health and sanitation needs. It is also 

a major area of environmental impact, due to the low diffusion of efficient practices of wastewater treatment. 

This report deals mainly with certain aspects of water issues related to supply, conservation and wastewater 

treatment that are among the priorities of the national water policy. The areas in which the demand of technology 

is directed are also highlighted. 

The Indian market for water and the development of utilities are still not very organized and need to undergo 

strong development, both in the public and the private sectors. At the same time, water is a subject widely studied 

since Independence due to its critical socio-economic relevance. In India there is a huge number of institutions, 

agencies, universities, NGOs and social initiatives dealing with water at different levels. 

To offer a complete overview of the organizations in this field would be a huge task. We have however tried to 

present a meaningful sample of key agencies operating in the water sector. India is a large country with many public 

and private institutions and many local decentralized initiatives. Many activities in this field are also originating by 

community-based actions and we did not aim to give a full extensive presentation. Our purpose is mainly to give 

an indication to European companies, organizations, and research institutions about new field of opportunities for 

Transfer of Technology and to make a small step in the direction to widen the knowledge for scope of cooperation 

between Europe and India. 

3


1. The Water Management Sector in India 

1. OVERALL SCENARIO 

The water sectors in India is characterized by several key issues: 

• Access to adequacy of safe water 

• Institutional challenges 

• Service provisions 

• Over-extraction of groundwater and quality problems 

• Financial and management constraints 

• Water conflicts 

The per capita water availability at national level has been declining over the years. Water quality is also deteriorating 

due to pollution and seasonal shortages. In rural areas water has to be fetched from distant sources and urban 

areas are chronically short of water. In metros like Delhi, Bangalore or Chennai people do not have direct control 

over water sources and are dependent from distant sources outside the control of the local municipal bodies (even 

beyond 200 km). 

The management of existing infrastructure and of water resources itself is one of the most serious challenges. 

The provision of formal irrigation and water supply services in India is made mainly by government agencies, 

while market competition is absent. There are however important cases of partnership between public and private 

entities, which have enhanced the technical expertise for infrastructure projects. 

The over-extraction of groundwater is another critical issue. High extraction rates, fluctuating water tables, 

groundwater pollution, saline intrusions are affecting the entire water supply spectrum: drinking water, irrigation, 

industrial needs. Access to groundwater wells is unhindered; there are no legal and financial checks to ensure a 

sustainable use of water. 

The water sector is suffering also from a severe financial distress which is affecting not only the development of 

infrastructure but also its maintenance and management. Operational costs are under-financed, cost recovery is 

inadequate, and there is a lack of direct linkages between revenue and expenditure. 

In India therefore there is an urgent need to operate at the level of governance to be combined with appropriate 

technologies to address these issues. 

Supply of sweet water is undergoing severe stress. After the independence, in 1951, the per capita availability was 

5,177 mc that were down to 1,820 mc in 2001 and are expected to reduce further to a minimum of 1,240 mc. Per 

capita consumption (89 liters) is still quite low compared to European standards, but it is expected to double by 

the mid of the century due the growth of the economy, urbanization, industrial development and a very water 

intensive agriculture. The corresponding growth of the population (expected to be 1.66 billion) might create an 

acute water shortage in the country. 

The bulk of water consumption in India is constituted by agriculture, with a share that ranges - according to various 

estimates - between 80 and 90%. 

4


Water consumption in the agricultural sector has increased after the Green Revolution with the introduction of 

new varieties of crops with better yields but higher demand for water. 

Irrigation is one of the major factors leading to over-exploitation of groundwater sources, which is causing 

depletion of water tables in many districts in the country (at least 60% of them according to the Central Ground 

Water Board) and inland salinity. 

Industrial consumption can be estimated to be minimum 6% of the total, though there are no reliable and 

organized statistics. Especially for the non-government and non-corporate sector the share of water supply to 

the industry is much higher. The industrial consumption is expected to increase four times by the mid of the 

century, to reach a total share of 18%. Sectors that are very critical for the growth like energy and steel are 

highly water intensive. About 75% of the total planned power capacity is generated by thermal power plants 

that are highly water-consuming. India has become the fifth producer of steel in the world and if all projects 

that are in pipeline are implemented it will become the second largest producer by 2015. Water in industry is 

used in a very inefficient way. A comparison in the steel sector suggests that in India there is need to consume 

10-80 mc of water to produce one MT of steel, whereas in US the consumption of water for the same 5-10 mc. 

Approximately 80% of the water used in steel plants is discharged as effluent and not recycled. According to a 

study by the World Bank, the productivity of water usage in Indian industry (USD generated per mc of water 

used) is one of the lowest in the world. 1 

The share of domestic consumption is about 5% but it is expected to grow by three times and take a share of 

11% in 2050. The growth of urbanization is creating higher demand at a time when many cities already face 

severe shortages. Moreover the changing pattern of urban consumption is registering an increase of products 

with higher water footprint. 2 

Procurement of drinking water is not only a problem of quantity but of quality, due to water pollution and lack 

of infrastructure for supply of safe and healthy water. 

Municipalities and civic corporations in India are still weak and low organized bodies, in spite of the 73 rd and 

74 th amendments of the constitution the are empowering the local bodies. Therefore they lack the finance and 

technical capacity for the creation of effective infrastructure and utility services. Development of the expertise 

for PPP is still to take place notwithstanding few efforts. 

Governance issues need to deal also with the fact that competences in the water sector are widely attributed 

to different specialized agencies. In central government, for example there is a ministry of water resources, a 

ministry of drinking water & sanitation, irrigation is combined with the ministry for agriculture and there are 

technical organizations like the Central Water Committee (CWC) and Central Groundwater Board (CGWC) etc. 

The same structure is more or less reflected at the regional level. 

1 

http://www.cseindia.org/dte-supplement/industry20040215/misuse.htm 

2 

Data for this section are mainly drawn from www.grailresearch.com; http://governancenow.com/views/think-tanks/report-warnshuge-capita-water-decline-india 

and Www.dae.gov.in 

5


2. DIRECTIONS FOR RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT 

In India there is a large number of initiatives and institutions dealing with water issues, ranging from public bodies, 

research centers, universities, corporate entities and NGOs. 

The actions undertaken are concerning several fields; here we will focus on water supply and sanitation, water 

conservation and wastewater treatment. 

2.1 NATIONAL WATER MISSION 

The national water policy of the Ministry of Water Resources identifies the following priorities for each of these areas: 

WATER SUPPLY 

• Promote Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) to coordinate all water issues by location (surface, 

ground), by users (rural, urban, peri-urban), or by use (domestic, irrigation, industrial and institutional) 

• Promote seawater desalinization through big plants and tackle the problem of saline intrusions in the aquifers 

WATER CONSERVATION 

• Promotion of technology and systems to scale and rehabilitate community based tanks (there are more 

than 580,000) 

• Promotion of technology and systems for rain water harvesting 

• Water technologies to reclaim water 

• Alternative technology for irrigation 

India receives abundant rainfall although it is concentrated only in certain periods of the year due to the monsoonal 

climate. 3 Rainwater Harvesting (RWH) is an important source of water supply that can help reduce the pressure 

on groundwater and conventional surface water. As rainfall is concentrated in periods of 3-5 months, according 

to the region, it is important to develop technologies for water storage that can allow the use of water at least for 

non-drinking purposes over a longer period. Rainwater harvesting can be made with the purpose of recharging 

the aquifer or direct consumption for drinking and other uses. In the first case it can have an impact if done at a 

relatively large scale or a system approach of several collection ponds or collection system over an extensive area. 

This concept is being progressively included in the building norms. In ten states in India it has been made mandatory 

to place RWH systems on roofs of all new buildings. This can allow direct reuse for the building or a large network 

of water recharge system if the groundwater situation is suitable. RWH at urban level is now practiced in few cities 

like Bangalore, Chennai and Delhi. Water can also be harvested in urban areas from paved zones where there is 

a high level of run-off and stored in water bodies that can be integrated in the landscape. Options for RWH can 

change according to local geological and climate conditions. If there is a short gap between the raining periods or 

the conditions of the aquifer are not favorable or the saline intrusions are too high, then storage for consumption 

is the most adopted solutions. If the gap between raining periods is long and the soil conditions allow infiltration, 

then groundwater recharge is more commonly adopted. 

Collection of rainwater has been the traditional system in the villages for most of rural India. Large storage tanks 

3 

It can be assumed an average above 1000 mm per year for most part of the country, but there are dry are with lower precipitation in the 

West and North-West and the highest rainy area in the world in the North East (more than 11,000 mm) 

6


are part of the landscape. However, most of these have fallen in disuse over the time or become inefficient. For the 

last few years there have been several programs, also conducted with international collaborations, for water tank 

rehabilitation in rural areas that is becoming one of the milestones for improving water supply in non-urban areas. 

Beyond traditional approaches, water conservation is aided by technological innovation. For example, microirrigation 

systems are now being actively promoted in the most important agricultural states. Digital water 

management systems that can help to identify leakages, losses and pollution points can be useful to increase the 

efficiency of water distribution and preserve water resources. 

In order to promote a technological approach to water management, the Ministry of Water Resources is introducing 

a Decision Support System (DSS) to support planning and allow real time decision-making. The DSS aims to integrate 

surface water and groundwater management and monitoring of water quality, drought and integrated operation of 

reservoirs. The National Institute of Hydrology (NIH) is the nodal agency for the development of this program. 

The NIH is located in Rourkee, in North India and undertakes R&D activities in the field of dam break flood studies, 

conservation storage of reservoirs, regulations of spillway gates, flood control regulations and forecasting, snow 

and glacier studies, water quality, groundwater assessment, remote sensing and GIS application. The institute is 

also developing software for reservoirs analysis, frequency analysis and estimation of large catchments areas, flood 

and seepage from canals. 

Other institutions involved are the Central Water and Power Research Station (CWPRS), the Central Pollution 

Control Board (CPCB), the Central Water Commission (CWC), the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) and the 

Central Groundwater Board (CGWB). A total of nine States are participating to the program. 

Another priority area is the introduction of smart distributed water systems, which in the Indian context can help 

to promote decentralized water access, reduce energy consumption and increase water re-use. New forms of 

water control, processing, optimization and monitoring can also be achieved through automation, algorithms and 

neural networks, system accountability and remote monitoring. 

The National Water Policy identifies the following areas for research and technology development: 

• Hydro-meteorology 

• Snow and lake hydrology 

• Surface and ground water hydrology 

• River morphology and hydraulics 

• Assessment of water resources 

• Water harvesting and ground water recharge 

• Water quality 

• Water conservation 

• Evaporation and seepage losses 

• Recycling and re-use 

• Better water management practices and improvements in operational technology 

• Crops and cropping systems 

7


• Soils and material research 

• New construction materials and technology (with particular reference to roller compacted concrete, fiber 

reinforced concrete, new methodologies in tunneling technologies, instrumentation, advanced numerical 

analysis in structures and back analysis) 

• Seismology and seismic design of structures 

• Safety and longevity of water-related structures 

• Economical designs for water resource projects 

• Risk analysis and disaster management 

• Use of remote sensing techniques in development and management 

• Use of static ground water resource as a crisis management measure 

• Sedimentation of reservoirs 

• Use of sea water resources 

• Prevention of salinity ingress 

• Prevention of water logging and soil salinity 

• Reclamation of water logged and saline lands 

• Environmental impact 

• Regional equity 

2.2 NATIONAL DRINKING WATER MISSION 

Some important directives for R&D activities are also coming from the Ministry for drinking water and sanitation 

under the Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission (RGNDWM). This is one of the oldest research missions 

started in India. It was launched in the late 80s and it is the largest water supply program in the world, focusing mainly 

on the rural population and aiming at cost effective solutions for water recharge, water resources management with 

community participation, water treatment and water pollution control and supports R&D projects in this direction. 

The fields for R&D under the Drinking Water mission are the following: 

1. Design and implementation of environmentally friendly and self-sustaining sanitation systems - this may include 

design of improved leach pits, other technical options for IHHL, hygienic rural toilets, ecological sanitation, etc. 

2. Improved and more economical toilet design for children, differently-abled persons, Emergency Situations 

with suggested cost implications. 

3. Improved and more economical community or institutional sanitation systems, including for waste 

management. 

4. Effectiveness of sanitation models in various hydro-geological and geo-physical conditions. 

5. Methods of bringing about behavioral changes for sanitation and its use. 

6. Zero-discharge waste management system involving communities – this considers utilization of kitchen 

waste and methods of solid and liquid waste management. 

8


3. WASTEWATER TREATMENT 

Wastewater treatment is one of the major issues in India for health and environment. Large urban conglomeration 

does not have adequate facilities and the same happens in most of the industrial clusters in the country. It is 

estimated that less than 20% of domestic and 60% of industrial wastewater is treated. Metros and large cities 

(more than 100,000 inhabitants) are treating only 29.2% of their wastewater. At a lower scale the problem is even 

more acute. Smaller cities treat only 3.7% of their wastewater. 

The market for infrastructure in this sector is still very unorganized. Only 15% of the market is covered by imports 

of technological equipment, but the overall demand is still below the level of the actual need. Half of the market is 

covered by investment by the public sector. 

The National Water mission has identified water reuse as an important priority for wastewater management, 

especially for irrigation of non-food crops that can reduce demand from primary water sources. In India there are 

about 73,000 ha of land are irrigated with reused water. Advanced technology for ozonization and chlorination 

could be highly in demand. 

Industrial effluent represents the first target for market operation and transfer of technology. Industries in India 

are often located around sector clusters and there are several initiatives to develop infrastructure for treatment of 

chemicals, dyes for textile industry, leather and tannin. 

Decentralized water treatment systems (DEWATS) with aerobic treatment are an example of a European technology 

that is actively adopted in India and has a potential for a large-scale use. They are also supported by the Central 

Pollution Control Board. Due to the small-scale size of their plants, DEWATS can be successfully employed for the 

villages in rural area and community based projects. It is also a valid alternative at urban level, where only a minimal 

part of domestic wastewater is treated by central sewerage. Given the governance and financial constraints in 

infrastructure development it can be a viable alternative at the level of condominium or small residential areas that 

can be integrated also into the landscaping. 

At larger scale application there is a wide scope for utilization of Membrane Bioreactors (MBR) and transfer of 

technology from Europe as research in this segment are not so much developed in India. 

Research is also being conducted on applications of bio-technology on the treatment of industrial effluents – 

especially for paper and pulp industry, electroplating, distillery, tannery, dye and refineries – and bio-sensors for 

detection of pollutants, especially residues of pesticides and bio-diversity. 

9


2. COMPANIES AND RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS IN THE INDIAN 

WATER MANAGEMENT SECTOR 

1. Overview of the Report 

This document contains the profiles of Indian companies, research institutes and Non-Governmental Organizations 

(NGO) that are involved in: 

A) Water supply and sanitation 

B) Waste water treatment (Industrial waste water treatment) 

C) Waste water conservation & recycling 

EAI has identified the following prominent companies, research organizations and individual experts working 

in the following areas: 

• Water Supply and Sanitation (inclusive of Water Conservation): 5 

• Waste Water Treatment (Industrial waste water treatment): 7 

• Waste Water Conservation & Recycling: 6 

Research Methodology 

The table below lists out the companies/organizations/research academia carrying out research on various waste 

water resources. 

Company/Research Institute/ 

NGO 

Water Supply and Sanitation 

Main-line of activity 

Website 

Arghyam 

State Water and Sanitation 

Mission, Rural Water Supply 

Department, Govt. of Andhra 

Pradesh 

Ministry of Drinking Water and 

Sanitation 

Centre for Environmental 

Science and Engineering, IIT 

Bombay 

Water and Environment 

sanitation India (WES-NET) 

Water supply and 

sanitation 


sanitation 


sanitation 

Clean technology and 

water treatment 


sanitation 

www.arghyam.org 

aprwss.gov.in/html/swsm-mission.htm 

ddws.nic.in/rnd.htm 

www.cese.iitb.ac.in 

www.cese.iitb.ac.in/people/facinfo.phpid=dikshit 

www.wesnetindia.org 

10


Waste Water Treatment 

Pallavaram Tanners Industrial 

Effluent Treatment Company, 

Ltd. 

Environmental Technology 

division, CLRI 

Ambika Projects India Ltd 

Tannery and waste 

water treatment 

Sustainable processes 

for leather processing 

Wastewater treatment 

and sewage treatment 

www.clri.org 

Nuchem Ltd. Chemical engineering www.nuchem.com 

UEM Group Waste Water Treatment www.uemgroup.com 

Southern Cogen Systems Pvt. 

Ltd. 

National Environmental 

Engineering Research Institute 

Waste Water Conservation & Recycling 

Akar Impex 

Linear Technologies 

Auroville 

Department of Civil Engineering, 

IIT Madras 

Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd. 

WABAG 

Wastewater and solid 

waste management 

Environmental science 

and engineering 

for sustainable 

development 

Waste water treatment 

and recycling 

Waste Water Treatment 

& Recycling 

Renewable energy 

systems 

Clean technology 

(including water 

recycling) 

Infrastructure 

development and 

environmental 

management 

Water conservation, 

recycling, treatment 

www.ambikagroup.in/waste-water-treatment.htm 

www.scogen.in 

www.neeri.res.in 

www.akarimpex.com 

www.goo.gl/fcmwe 

www.auroville.org 

www.auroville.org/research/water_recycle.htm 

www.civil.iitm.ac.in 

www.ramkyenviroengineers.com/ 

waterwastewater.html 

www.wabag.com 

11


2. Organizations in water supply and sanitation 

1. Arghyam 

Headquarters: Bangalore 

Main Line of activity: Ecological sanitation, wastewater treatment technologies 

Profile/Overview: 

Arghyam is an Indian public charitable foundation set up with an endowment from Rohini Nilekani, working in the 

water and sanitation sector since 2005. Arghyam works primarily through partnerships – with Government, NGOs 

and various types of institutions – for impact and scale. They work through a combination of project grants to grass 

roots organizations, knowledge building and sharing through the India Water Portal, promoting new models of 

water science, technology and system design, participatory action research and advocacy. 

R&D 4 : A small Research and Development (R&D) team was set up in Arghyam in 2009 to support the research 

activities emerging in other Arghyam projects, as well as to serve the broader mandate of the organization. The 

current other main area of interest for research funding is appropriate wastewater. 

The Research and Development initiative at Arghyam envisages funding carefully picked areas where Arghyam 

feels that a focused research or product design/development effort would pay significant dividends by resulting 

in a product or technique that could benefit many people. Typically the research is in a water technique or 

technology, almost always with strong sustainability and low-cost aspects. These research areas were arrived at in 

close consonance with Arghyam’s Rural Grants and Urban Water and other initiatives at Arghyam and are meant to 

and respond to the felt needs and reflect field knowledge derived from these areas. 

Technology Employed: Soil Biotechnology 

Contact Details: 

#599, 12th Main, HAL 2nd Stage, Indiranagar, 

Bangalore, Karnataka 

India 

Pin-560008 

Phone: +91 (080) 41698941 / 42 

Fax: +91 (080) 41698943 

Email: info@arghyam.org, portal@arghyam.org 

Website: http://www.arghyam.org 

4 

More details: http://www.arghyam.org/sites/default/files/Arghyam_report%2011_9_8_2011.pdf 

12


2. State Water and Sanitation Mission, Rural Water Supply Department, Govt. of Andhra 

Pradesh 

Headquarters: Hyderabad 

Main Line of Activity: Water Supply and Sanitation 


The Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Department is nodal agency in the State for providing drinking water and 

Sanitation facilities in rural areas, established in the year 1997. The R&D division was established in 2008. The 

drinking water facilities are being provided by various types such as: 

• Spot Sources (Bore Wells fitted with hand pumps) 

• Protected Water Supply Schemes (for one habitation/village) 

• Comprehensive Protected Water Supply Schemes (for a group of habitations/villages) 

The autonomous body of SWSM was established as per the Government of India guidelines and the Department 

requirement, to accelerate all-round development of the rural population by providing connectivity and other 

infrastructure facilities. 

Reform initiates to create awareness among the Rural Population in implementation of schemes to provide Drinking 

Water and Sanitation facilities, the SWSM is undertaking programs Viz ARWSP, TSC, Swajaladhara etc. 

Technology Employed: Not Specified 


SRTGN Bhavan, 

Errumanzil Colony 

Hyderabad-500082 

Phone: 040-23396655 

Fax: 040-23319676 

Email: eic_rwss@ap.gov.in 

Website: http://aprwss.gov.in/html/swsm-mission.htm 

3. Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation 

Headquarters: New Delhi 

Main Line of Activity: Water Supply and Sanitation 


Research & Development in the field of Rural Water Supply and Sanitation programme is one of the support 

activities of the Department of DWS for which funding to research organizations including NGOs is given by the 

Central Government. For this activity, a Research Advisory Committee under the Chairpersonship of Secretary 

13


(DWS) has been constituted primarily to promote research and development activities for the Mission with the 

following objectives: 

• To generate new ideas for research & development and fix priority for R&D areas. 

• To identify field problems from the user departments and community organizations viz. NGOs, Voluntary 

agencies, etc. 

• To identify Institutions for specific R&D projects and invite them to submit proposals. 

• To provide technical monitoring of hydrological systems in various sensitive zones of the country. The 

quantitative & qualitative aspects of drinking water sources to be monitored. RAC would identify the 

institutions and organizations who will be involved into this technical monitoring. 

• To help the identified scientists to formulate inter-sectoral and multidisciplinary research projects relevant 

to the Mission. 

• To scrutinize and recommend individual research project proposals. 

• To review the progress of the ongoing projects and suggest midcourse correction, if any. 

• To evaluate the findings of the completed projects and suggest follow up actions. 

• To suggest norms to institute Mission sponsored “Water fellowships” and “Water chairs” in Universities and 

R&D organizations. 

• To help the Mission to organize regional, national and international workshops, annual R&D review sessions 

and National Water Congresses to be sponsored by the Mission. 

• To help the Mission to prepare specialized and emerging science and technology related documents of 

current interest. 

• To help and advice the Mission on all such matters which will help the Mission to promote, adopt, generate, 

modify any science & technology as well as research and developmental activities with specific reference to 

Rural Water Supply and Sanitation sectors. 

To strengthen the R&D facilities in the concerned Departments in various States, State Governments are encouraged 

to establish R&D cells with adequate manpower and infrastructure. R&D Cells are required to remain in touch with 

leading technical institutions within the State. The network of technical institutions may follow the guidelines 

issued by the Mission from time to time for effective implementation of the rural water supply program. R&D 

Cells are also required to be in constant touch with the Monitoring & Investigation divisions and the Monitoring & 

Evaluation Study Reports for initiating appropriate follow up action. The R&D Cell should keep in constant touch 

with the documentation and information centre of the Mission and visit at the Mission’s web site. The Mission will 

provide necessary assistance to the States. 

Technology employed 5 : 

• Water Supply & Conservation - Artificial recharge/ control of salinity ingress/ evaporation reduction 

techniques/ desalination 

• Water Treatment - clari-flocculators and improved methods of alum recovery 

5 

More info - http://ddws.nic.in/popups/R&D%20priorities%20areas.pdf, http://ddws.nic.in/popups/R&DCompendium.pdf 

14



Office of Joint Secretary (Water) 

Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation 

(Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission), 

Govt. of India, 9th Floor, Paryavarn Bhawan, CGO Complex, 

Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110003 

Phone: 011-24361043 

Fax: 011-24364113 

Email: jstm@nic.in 

Website: http://ddws.nic.in/rnd.htm 

4. Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, IIT Bombay 

Headquarters: Mumbai, India 

Professor: Dr. Anil Kumar Dikshit 

Main Line of Activity: Clean Technology and Water Treatment 


The Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering at IIT Bombay was established in 1985. Since inception, 

the Centre has established and maintained strong links with leading industries, institutions and national and 

international funding agencies. Research projects are currently funded by renowned agencies such CIAR (Centre for 

Indoor Air Research, USA),DST (Department of Science and Technology), AERB (Atomic Energy Regulatory Board) 

and MOEF (Ministry of Environment and Forests). 

Major ongoing research deals with contemporary topics like: (a) clean technologies and industrial pollution 

prevention, (b) integrated treatment and disposal of hazardous waste, (c) biomedical waste management (d) 

biodegradation of complex industrial wastewaters and wastewaters containing mixed substrates, (e) biodegradation 

of complex non-aqueous liquid pollutants, (f) development and pollutants, (g) development of novel bioreactors 

(RBC, UASB), (h) air pollution monitoring, modelling and health risk analysis, (i) aerosol and PAH emission factors, (j) 

environmental impact assessment of developmental projects, (k) in-situ and ex-situ remediation of contaminated 

groundwater and aquatic environments. 

The Centre offers wide professional expertise and actively pursues sponsored research, consultancy and technical 

services. CESE is also very active in manpower development and regularly organizes tailor-made workshops and 

training programs. 

Technology Employed: 

Anaerobic. Treatment Technologies like UASB, UAGSB, Biofilter, Hybrid reactors, Adsorption, Ion exchange, 

Membrane Processes 

15



Centre for Environmental Science & Engineering, 

Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, 

Powai, Mumbai - 400076 

Phone: +91-22-25767851 

Fax: +91-22-25786530 

Website: http://www.cese.iitb.ac.in/ 

5. Water and Environment Sanitation India (WES-NET) 

Headquarters: New Delhi 

Main Line of Activity: Water and Environmental Sanitation 


WES-Net India is a learning alliance of stakeholders in the Water and Environmental Sanitation sector, including 

NGOs, UN agencies, private sector, consultants, government departments and donors. 

WES-Net’s objective is to improve knowledge sharing and co-ordination within the water and sanitation sector - 

focused on achieving the Millennium Development Goals. The network aims to enhance horizontal and vertical 

exchange of information and experiences through continuous feedback from people who use it. 

WES-Net is also the Water and Sanitation Community of the UN’s Knowledge Management Partnership Initiative. 

The solution exchange platform (e-discussions) enables WES-Net members to participate by raising and addressing 

issues which are shaping the water and sanitation sector in India. As WES-Net develops, it will link up with other 

networks - regional, national and international to strengthen knowledge sharing and advocacy. 

Technology Employed: not specified 


WES-Net India 

25/1-A, Pankha Road, 

D- Block, Janakpuri, 

New Delhi- 110058 

Phone: 011-28525412, 011-28525452 

Email: desk@wesnetindia.org 

Website: www.wesnetindia.org 

16


3. Organizations in waste water treatment 

1. Pallavaram Tanners Industrial Effluent Treatment Company, Ltd. 

Headquarters: Chennai 

Main Line of Activity: Tannery waste water treatment 


M/s. Pallavaram Tanners Industrial Effluent Treatment Company (PTIETC), a company, established by the member 

tanners, is responsible for operation and maintenance of the CETP. It is managed by a Board of Directors comprised 

of elected member tanners. Mr. M.S. Pandian, a tanner of the area, is currently the Chairman of the company. 

One of the earliest CETPs in the leather sector to be established in the state, the PTIETC CETP was commissioned 

in the year 1995. UNIDO rendered technical assistance to this project and TNPCB was also closely involved at the 

stage of its implementation. Subsequently, it has been receiving continual technical assistance and support from 

CLRI, NEERI and UNIDO. This was the first CETP to have been set up with a mechanical sludge dewatering system 

(belt filter press), diffused aeration system and a mechanical fine screen. 

Technology Employed: Mechanical Sludge Dewatering System (Belt Filter Press), Diffused Aeration System and 

a Mechanical Fine Screen 


Old No 63 New No 105, 

Nagalgeni, Anna Salai, 

Chrompet, Chennai – 600044 

Phone: +(91)-(44)-22386227, 22416522, 29700054, 29700055 

Email: ptietc@yahoo.co.in 

2. Central Leather Research Institute 


Main Line of Activity: Sustainable processes for leather processing 


Established in 1948, CLRI has been working on tanneries effluent treatment for the last 20-25 years. They provide 

consulting to tanneries such as PTIET and many more. They have a team of 10 members who have specialized in 

various domains of waste water treatment. 

The technology involves biological and catalytic oxidations coupled in a single reactor. Biological oxidation of 

constituents of wastewater is accomplished by the immobilized aerobic and anaerobic bacteria (chemo autotrophs) 

in the meso pores of activated carbon and catalytic oxidation is carried out at the active sites of activated carbon. 

CLRI has also developed a packed bed reactor (CAACO Reactor) for the treatment of waste water. The CAACO 

technology has been implemented in more than 50 installations to test its efficacy on the treatment of wastewater 

discharged from different industries, software parks, residential colonies of varying capacities. 

17


Technology Employed 6 : Chemo Autotrophic Activated Carbon Oxidation (CAACO) 


Environmental Technology Division 

CLRI, Adyar, Chennai 600 020. 

Tamilnadu 

Phone : +91-44-24450234 

Website: http://www.clri.org 

3. Ambika Projects India Ltd. 


Main Line of Activity: Waste Water Treatment and Sewage Treatment. 


Ambika Projects India Private Ltd (APIPL) is an Engineering Procurement & Construction (EPC) company catering 

to water & waste water treatment. Since its inception in 2004, APIPL has been a multi diversified company with 

adherence to business ethics and commitment to highest standards of quality. Today, the company is engaged in an 

ongoing endeavour of conducting business both in Indian and International Market. APIPL’s key competencies’ which 

are based on many man hours of plant building experience lie in the planning, engineering, project implementation, 

commissioning and operation of water and wastewater treatment plants, water intake & distribution system for 

the commercial, municipal, industrial and large sized residential sectors. 

The company offers customized solutions for customer needs through a comprehensive range of services and 

innovative technologies. By offering single point responsibility during the course of the project, we offer turnkey 

solutions with guaranteed performance, fixed costs and time bounded execution. 

Technologies employed: 

Clarifiers, Clariflocculators, Thickeners, API separators, Dissolved Air Floatation Units (DAF), Plate / Tube / 

Lamella Separators, Bar screen & Grit removal mechanism, Oil skimmers / Oil separators, Aerators 


AMBIKA PROJECTS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED 

1167, TVS Colony, 

Annanagar west extension 

Chennai, Tamilnadu, 

India - 600101 

Phone: +91-44-4290 8200 - 50 

Fax: +91-44-2654 9004 

Email: contact@ambikagroup.in 

Website: http://www.ambikagroup.in/waste-water-treatment.htm 

6 More info - http://www.clri.org/Technologies.aspx#anc4 

18


4. Nuchem Ltd. 

Headquarters: Faridabad 

Main Line of Activity: Chemical Engineering 


Nuchem Limited is a technology driven chemical engineering Company that uses a variety of chemical processes to 

produce primary materials that go into the manufacture of numerous products consumed by other industries. Being 

a major player in the field of environment management and water, all its products conform to IS Standards and the 

corresponding British and American Standards. In 1976, Nuchem established the Environment Management Centre 

(EMC) as a business Division of the Company. The task enfolds: (1) To provide environmental services, basically the 

analytical and treatment solutions to the environmental problems faced by industrial enterprises, government 

bodies and other technical agencies; (2) To take up environment management projects: water treatment, waste 

water management, recycling of sanitary, urban and industrial waste and building capacity for effective water 

management and service delivery and (3) To conduct applied and application research for process upgradation, 

product improvement, innovating new techniques and products for Nuchem Ltd. and other sponsors. 

The projects done in the water management field involves: 

• To purify water for applications as varied as drinking water for homes, villages, residential complexes, 

institutions, industries, cooling towers, furnaces and packaged bottled water; and 

• To recover pure water from raw sewage for industrial applications. 

Technologies employed: 

• Micro Filtration (MF) 

• Ultra Filtration (UF) 

• Nano Filtration (NF) 

• Reverse Osmosis (RO) • Demineralization (DM) • Iron Removal Filters (IRF) 


20/6, Mathura Road, 

Faridabad -121 006 

Phone: +91-129-2304000~6; 4061040 / 41; 2304005 / 6 

Fax: +91-129-4061278 

Email: emc@nuchem.com 

Website: http://www.nuchem.com/ 

5. UEM Group 

Headquarters: Florida, USA 

Main Line of activity: Waste Water Treatment 


UEM Group provides complete, single source services ranging from engineering and design to construction and 

installation of water, wastewater and solid waste treatment facilities. 

19


UEM’s range of service includes all phases of project development from planning, feasibility studies, engineering 

design, equipment/systems supply, and construction/installation to startup and operations. UEM also provides 

avenues for financing for large and small projects through lease finance or on low interest long term debt financing 

based on counter guarantees for large municipal projects. 

UEM Group has designed and installed over 300 water and wastewater treatment plants of all sizes - large, medium, 

and small - throughout the world and is capable enough to undertake large multi-million dollar turnkey projects 

as well as implement medium or small projects with personalized service. UEM has implemented projects for 

many multinational companies (such as Coca-Cola, Procter and Gamble, Bristol Myers Squibb, Tietex Limited, Toray 

Nylon, Kuruwita Manchester, American & Efrid and Birmingham Steel among others) as well as projects funded by 

the World Bank, Asian Development Bank, Inter-American Development Bank, and Caribbean Development Bank. 

Technologies employed: Reverse Osmosis, Membrane Systems 


Windsor IT Park, Tower- B 

2nd & 3rd Floor, Sector-125, Noida 

Phone: 0120-3817000; 3817001; 3817002 

Fax: + 91-11-26239801 

Email: uemindia@uemgroup.com 

Website: http://www.uemgroup.com 

6. Southern Cogen Systems Pvt. Ltd. 

Headquarters: Karnataka, India 

Main Line of activity: wastewater and solid waste management 


Scogen aims to be the undisputed market leader for environmentally sustainable solutions in the wastewater and 

solid waste management industry. 

Scogen’s mission is to be a total solution provider for energy conservation and waste management in the industry. 

Scogen aims to provide products and services that are energy efficient and environmentally friendly at affordable 

prices. 

Technologies employed: WMU TM system 


Plot No.5, Phase II, Thandya Industrial Area, 

Chikkayyana Chatra, Nanjangud Taluk 571 301 

Mysore Dist., Karanataka, India. 

Phone: +91 8221 228 614, 228 627 

Fax: +91 8221 228 620. 

Email: scogen@scogenindia.com 

Website: http://www.scogen.in 

20


7. National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) 

Headquarters: Nagpur 

Main Line of Activity: Environmental Science and Engineering for Sustainable Development 

Profile: 

The National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur was established in 1958 as Central 

Public Health Engineering Research Institute (CPHERI), when environmental concerns were limited to human health 

with a focus on water supply/sewage disposal/communicable diseases and to some extent on industrial pollution 

and occupational diseases. National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur, is devoted to 

research and innovations in environmental science and engineering besides solving a range of problems posed by 

industry, government and public. It is a constituent of Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi, 

and has a nation-wide presence with its five zonal laboratories at Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Kolkata and Mumbai. 

NEERI’S focus areas are: 

• Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) – VOCs, Monitoring, Health Impacts, Public Awareness and Training. 

• Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) – Urban AQ data-bank, inventorization, source apportionment analysis, analytical 

techniques, cost effective control, conservation of monuments. 

• Drinking Water – WQ surveillance and assessment, water treatment, supply and distribution, training for rural 

sector. 

• Water Resources – EIA of river linking projects, artificial recharge of groundwater and aquifers, eco-restoration 

of lakes and reservoirs, ecological minimum flows, watershed planning, catchment areas treatment, salinity 

ingress in coastal areas. 

• Wastewater – Recycling for zero discharge, color and pathogen removal, treatability studies, and Design or 

revamping ETPs/STPs/CETPs through innovative solutions. 

• Industry – Waste minimization, Recovery and recycling of wastes, Environment and process audit, EIA, Carrying 

capacity, LCA, Global environmental policies. 

• Bio/Phyto Remediation – Reclamation and restoration of degraded lands (mine spoil dumps/tailings, saline 

soils, etc.), Carbon sequestration applications, Land application of treated sewage, nutrient dynamics. 

• Municipal Solid & Hazardous Wastes – Design of landfills and disposal systems, Composting and biomethanation, 

stabilization. 

• Energy security – Biogas systems, Enrichment of methane, Microbial production of hydrogen. 

• Health – Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) analysis for delineation of genetic disturbances due to 

exposures of air pollutants. 

Technologies Employed: 

• UV Photocatalysis 

• Scale-up of Wastewater Treatment Technologies 

• Detoxification & Biodegradation 

• Modeling of Wastewater Treatment Processes 

• Solar Photocatalysis 

• Removal of Dissolved Solids from Wastewater 

21


• Color removal 

• Removal of Nutrients from Wastewater 

• Electrochemical Methods 

• Monitoring & Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds 

• Electrooxidation 

• Natural Purification Systems for Wastewater Treatment 

• Electrocoagulation 

• Land Application of Treated Wastewater 

• Electrofloatation 

• Recovery of Chemicals from Wastewater and Value-addition 

• Electro-Fenton Process 

• Disinfection of Water, Sewage & Treated Effluents 

• Catalytic Wet Oxidation 

• Adsorbents for Heavy Metals Removal 

• Ozonation 

• Minimization of Turbulence Nutrient Removal 

• Solid-liquid Separation Through 

Modification in Design of Clarifiers 

• Hydraulic Energy Dissipation 


National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) 

Nehru Marg, 

Nagpur, 440020, India 

Phone: +91-712-2249885-88 & 2249970-72 

Fax: +91-712-2249900 

Email: t_nandy@neeri.res.in 

Website: www.neeri.res.in 

22


4. Organizations in wastewater conservation and recycling 

1. Akar Impex 

Headquarters: Noida 

Main Line of Activity: Waste Water Treatment & Recycling 


Akar Impex Pvt. Ltd. is committed to providing quality products and services to its clients at a competitive price. The 

company shall endeavour to engage in continuous research and development of its products and services and will do 

what is necessary to maintain high level of employee commitment and enthusiasm to provide its clients the most cost 

efficient solutions. 

The company shall take care to pay particular attention to clients’ specific needs and offer not merely the products 

or services but offer them practicable solutions. Along the water sector, they work on: 

• Equipment manufacturing and supply 

• Consultancy – Design and Engineering 

• Construction of treatment plants 

• Turnkey projects 

• Onsite project works 

• Training of staff and personnel of customers 

• Customer service 

• Operation and maintenance of treatment plants 

Technology Employed: Not Specified 


E-9, Sector-6, 

Noida-201301 

U.P.-India. 

Phone: +91-120-4526666, 4526638 

Email:akarimpex@hotmail.com, akarimpex@gmail.com, vaidyataral@gmail.com 

Website: www.akarimpex.com/ 

2. Linear technologies 

Headquarters: Mumbai 

Main Line of Activity: Water Recycling 

Profile: Established in 1996. 

Technology employed: Greywater Recycling 

23



206, Jagruti Ind Est., Mogul Lane, 

Mahim, Mumbai - 400016, 

Maharashtra, India 

Phone: +91-22-24300096-97 

Fax: +91-22-24300098 

Website: www.goo.gl/fcmwe 

3. Auroville Centre for Scientific Research 

Headquarters: Puducherry, India 

Main Line of Activity: Renewable Energy Systems 

Profile: 

Auroville Centre for Scientific Research (CSR) is an international voluntary organization working towards a sustainable 

future in the field of renewable energy systems (wind, solar, biomass), appropriate architecture & building technologies, 

waste water recycling and sanitation, and the transfer of these technologies through training programs. 

CSR was founded on January 6th, 1984. After the Indian Parliament passed the ‘Auroville Foundation Act’ in 1988, 

the assets of CSR were transferred to an autonomous institution, the Auroville Foundation. From April 1998 CSR was 

registered under two trusts, one for its research activities, Auroville Centre for Scientific Research, the other for its 

commercial activities, Aurore Trust. The Auroville community has been experimenting with small scale wastewater 

recycling systems for over fifteen years. During that time pilot systems were built, experience was gathered, and 

the operating skills with such plants improved. 

In the mid-eighties the first experiments with recycling of wastewater took place. Absence of specialised literature 

and proper guidance made the small household pioneer plants more of an exercise in trial and error learning. A 

dedicated group maintained the interest in the subject and relied for expert advice and information mainly on 

visiting experts from western countries. During the nineties the preferred choice for recycling domestic wastewater 

shifted towards treatment systems called planted filters. With such natural functioning systems one could obtain a 

high quality effluent. The large space requirement for this kind of system was not viewed as a disadvantage since 

the treatment systems can be beautifully landscaped into any environment, even urban. 

Technology employed: 

Horizontal Planted Filters, also called Constructed Wetlands or Root Zone Treatment System 


Unity Pavillon 

605101 Auroville 

T.N. INDIA 

Phone: +91 (0)413 2622 121 

Email: csr@auroville.org.in 

Website: http://www.auroville.org/research/csr/csr.htm 

24


4. Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Madras 

Headquarters: Chennai, India 

Main Line of activity: Clean technology (water recycling inclusive) 


The Department of Civil Engineering has been in existence since the inception of IIT Madras in 1959. The departmental 

activities embrace Planning, Design, Construction and Management. The academic programs, B. Tech., M. Tech., 

M.S. and Ph.D., of the Civil Engineering department at IIT Madras are some of the best in the country and the 

world. Many of the faculty members have received advanced degrees and/or training from reputed institutions in 

India, Germany, UK, USA, Canada, Japan and Netherlands. The activities of the department are carried out under 

five different divisions as follows: 

• Building Technology and Construction Management (BTCM) 

• Environmental and Water Resources Engineering (EWRE) 

• Geotechnical Engineering (GT) 

• Structural Engineering (ST) 

• Transportation Engineering (TR) 

The major research areas in Environmental Engineering are: air and water quality monitoring, modelling and 

management, indoor air pollution, water and wastewater treatment, solid and hazardous waste management, 

bioremediation of contaminated sites and subsurface contaminant transport studies. 

The major research areas in Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering are: soft computing in water resources, 

hydrologic modelling, stochastic and spatial hydrology, computational hydraulics, conjunctive use of surface and 

ground water, aquifer modelling and management, fracture-rock matrix interactions, water resources planning and 

management, urban water supply and GIS/remote sensing applications. 

Technologies employed 7 : 

Fluidized bed bioreactor, Membrane Bioreactors, Aerobic FBB 


Professor and Head 

Department of Civil Engineering 

IIT Madras, Chennai - 600 036. 

Tamil Nadu, INDIA 

E-mail: cehod@iitm.ac.in;ceoffice@iitm.ac.in 

Phone: +91 - 44 - 2257 4250 

Fax: +91 - 44 - 2257 4252 

Website: http://www.civil.iitm.ac.in/ 

7 

More info - http://www.civil.iitm.ac.in/new/q=gopal_rp 

25


5. Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd. 

Headquarters: Hyderabad, India 

Main Line of activity: Infrastructure Development and Environment Management 


Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited is the leading provider of comprehensive waste management and environmental 

services in India, serving customers in more than 17 States and Union Territories. The Company is committed to a 

foundation of professionalism, operating excellence and sustainable growth. 

The Company set up India’s first Integrated Hazardous waste management facility under the Public-Private- 

Partnership model at Hyderabad in the year 1998. The pioneering activity continued with the setting up of India’s 

first Biomedical Waste Management facility at Hyderabad in the year 2000. 

The Company has significant in-house skills and experience in water supply, waste water treatment, underground 

drainage systems and related areas. Ramky currently has a significant market share in the segment and has a major 

share of water related projects tendered by the Government. 

Ramky has several operational plants in water and waste water treatment. The Company has capabilities in 

membrane technology (MBR/UF/RO), high TDS effluent evaporation as well as sea water desalination. 

Ramky has now embarked on the mobile water business, where a fleet of water treatment equipment carrying 

trucks are always available. This fleet can produce pure water as and when and where it is needed. This can meet 

requirements arising out of seasonal or supplemental requirements, emergencies, delays in plant start-ups etc. 

Technologies employed: Membrane Technology (MBR/UF/RO), High TDS Effluent Evaporation as Well as Sea 

Water Desalination 


TSR Towers, 

Rajbhavan Road, Somajiguda, 

Hyderabad – 500 082, A.P. 

Phone: +91-40-4442 2222 (60 - Lines) 

E-mail: info@ramky.com 

Web site: ww.ramky.com 

6. WABAG 

Headquarters: Chennai, India and Vienna, Austria 

Main Line of activity: Water Conservation, Recycling, Treatment 


WABAG is one of the world’s leading companies in the water treatment field. WABAG’s key competences, which 

are based on over 80 years of plant building experience, lie in the planning, completion and operation of drinking 

water and wastewater plants for both the municipal and industrial sectors. 

26


WABAG offers sustained solutions for special customer needs through a comprehensive range of services and 

innovative technologies. WABAG’s plants facilitate environmentally compatible wastewater disposal and secure 

access to clean drinking water for an increasing number of people. This allows us to make an important contribution 

to environmental protection and enhanced quality of life. 

Technologies employed 8 : Membrane Technology (MBR/UF/RO), Sea Water Desalination, biological highperformance 

systems, nitrate removal and sewage sludge reduction 


11, Murray’s Gate Road, Alwarpet, 

Chennai 600018. India 

Phone: +91 44 42232323 

Fax: +91 44 42232324 

Email: wabag@wabag.in 

Web site: http://www.wabag.com 

More info - hhtp://www.wabag.com/MainWabag/Wabag/English/Innovation.aspmenus_id=106 

8 More info - http://www.wabag.com/MainWabag/Wabag/English/Innovation.aspmenus_id=106 

27


3. APPENDIX 

1. GOVERNMENT OF INDIA R & D WATER PRIORITY 

Government of India 

Ministry of Rural Development 

Department of Drinking Water Supply 

Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission 

***** 

Priority areas for research and development (R&D) initiatives in rural drinking water and sanitation sector 

during 11 th Five Year Plan 

Department of Drinking Water Supply, Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India has identified the 

following priority areas for sponsoring research and development projects in rural drinking water and sanitation 

sector and seeks R&D proposals from well established R&D institutions, Universities, etc.: 

Priority area – I 

Water resources exploration, assessment & exploitation related technology development 

i.) 

ii.) 

iii.) 

iv.) 

v.) 

Specialized geo-physical interventions for problem areas; 

Remote sensing applications in specific areas (other than hydro-geo-morphological maps) including temporal 

changes in land use and interventions on creation of ground water sanctuaries; 

Improvement of traditional springs/ tanks/ ponds/ surangams including monitoring; 

Evaporation control in drinking water based surface water courses; and 

Dissemination of efficient technologies through universities and reputed organizations. 

Priority area – II 

Technology development for improvement in water extraction techniques 

i.) 

ii.) 

iii.) 

iv.) 

Improvements in hand pump/ attachments like dual pumps energy saving pumps/ windmill/ solar pumps/ 

hydraulic rams; 

Improving energy efficiency for reducing O&M costs for projects using conventional power; 

Improvement in tube-well efficiency (strainer, gravel pack); 

Improvement on rejuvenation techniques (caving of wells/ clogged strainers/ clogged infiltration gallery). 

Priority area – III 

Water scarcity reduction and related technology development 

i.) 

ii.) 

Artificial recharge/ control of salinity ingress/ evaporation reduction techniques/ desalination; 

Water saving irrigation/ industry/ reuse and recycling/ tap leakage detection and prevention improved 

storage and distribution inexpensive storage tanks (ferro-cement)/ distribution pipes (PVC, bamboo); 

28


iii.) Improvements in distribution network of water supply projects for reducing water losses including 

unaccounted losses; 

iv.) 

v.) 

Recovery of pure water from waste-water/ sludge generated from clari-flocculators and improved methods 

of alum recovery; 

Special interventions for providing safe drinking water in drought prone and flood-hit areas; and 

vi.) Cost optimization and improvements on types of materials, structure, storage, etc. For rain-water harvesting 

structures. 

Priority area – IV 

Technology for water quality enhancement for rural areas 

i.) 

ii.) 

iii.) 

iv.) 

v.) 

vi.) 

Development of water quality kit; 

Technologies for treatment of excess salinity/ sulphate/ nitrate/ arsenic/ fluoride/ iron, etc.; 

Bacteria/ virus and related micro-biological/ genetic engineering impacts with respect to unsafe drinking 

water quality; 

Development of water quality enhancement - tablets/ powders/ portable heaters/ traditional herbs and 

processes; 

Various methods of disinfection including newer technologies like ozonation, copper-silver ionization, etc.; 

Environment friendly sludge disposal methodologies from treatment plants; and 

vii.) Improving efficiency of RO plants and reduction of O&M cost through use of solar photo-voltaic (PV) cells. 

Priority area – V 

Watershed management to optimize drinking water supply 

i.) 

ii.) 

iii.) 

iv.) 

Delineation and resource inventory of the micro or mini watersheds; 

Maximization of water conservation and minimization of environmental degradation like erosion, 

sedimentation, etc..; 

Conjunctive use of water resources – development of effective models; and 

Pilot studies on convergence of various centrally sponsored schemes for achieving drinking water security. 

Priority area – VI 

Water-health interaction in the socio economic cultural set up 

i.) 

ii.) 

iii.) 

iv.) 

v.) 

vi.) 

Interface problems between engineers/ geologists/ medical scientists on water and sanitation issues; 

Correlation between water constraints and quality of life, especially for communication and social mobilization 

strategies; 

Nutritional intervention in Fluoride and Arsenic affected villages; 

Methods of bringing about behavioral changes w.r.t. sanitation, safe water use, etc.; 

Improving water and sanitation governance; 

R&D projects based on multi-centric studies; 

29


vii.) Governance and conflict resolutions in water and sanitation sector; and 

viii.) Change management of rural water supply sector Engineers/ Scientists. 

riority area – VII 

Development of appropriate rural sanitation technology 

i.) 

ii.) 

iii.) 

iv.) 

v.) 

vi.) 

Design of improved leach pit; 

Hygienic rural toilets; 

Utilization of kitchen waste; 

Protection of open wells/ ponds and improved methods of sanitary survey; 

Ecological sanitation and methods for enhancing fertilizer value of digested material; 

Improved methods of solid and liquid waste management; 

vii.) Solid waste management especially with regard to re-use/ recycle/ reduce use of plastics; and 

viii.) Women menstrual hygiene, baby friendly toilets, special toilets for disabled, infant sanitation, etc. 

LIST OF FIELDS FOR R&D PROPOSAL ON SANITATION 

1. Design & implementation of environment friendly self-sustaining sanitation system - this may include design of 

improved leach pits, other technical options for IHHL, hygienic rural toilets, ecological sanitation etc. 

2. Improved/economical toilet design for children, differently-abled persons, Emergency Situations with suggested 

cost implications. 

3. Improved/Economical Community/Institutional sanitation system including waste management. 

4. Effectiveness of models of sanitation in various hydro-geological & geo-physical conditions. 

5. Methods of bringing about behavioral changes for sanitation and its use. 

6. Zero discharge/waste management system involving communities – this considers utilization of kitchen waste 

and methods of solid & liquid waste management. 

7. Establishing linkages of sanitation with Water, Health, Agriculture and Power generation. 

Note: thrust will be given on technology development and demonstration and proving them in the field through 

trials and transfer of technology for large scale application. 

30

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