Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Piping Systems - NACE Calgary
Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Piping Systems - NACE Calgary
Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Piping Systems - NACE Calgary
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Fibreglass<strong>Reinforced</strong><strong>Plastic</strong>(<strong>FRP</strong>)<strong>Piping</strong><strong>Systems</strong>:<br />
ServiceSuitability,MaterialSelection,andFailure<br />
Modes/Prevention<br />
November25 th ,2011
Itisourgoaltoaddress<br />
concernsaboutperceived<br />
limitationsheadon,andto<br />
educateendusers,<br />
engineeringfirms,and<br />
contractorswithrespectto<br />
thebasicsofmaterial<br />
selection,design,testing,<br />
andinstallationofGRE<br />
pipingsystems.
Provenproductforover50years.<br />
Combinescorrosionresistanceofpolymerwithstrengthandcorrosionresistance<br />
ofglass.<br />
Outstandingstrengthtoweightratio.<br />
Testedattemperaturesfrom300to+300°F.<br />
Availablewithtemperatureratingsto135° C(275° F).<br />
Linepipeavailablewithpressureratingsashighas4000psig.<br />
Outstandingresistancetowatersolutions,solvents,hydrocarbons,acids,and<br />
caustics.<br />
Canbeprovidedwithcarbideorceramicliningsforabrasionresistant<br />
applications.<br />
CompositeconstructionallowsforGREtohandleextremetemperaturesand<br />
pressureswhencomparedtoothernonmetallics.
Hotwater<br />
Recyclewater<br />
Chilled/ potable/demineralizedwater<br />
Firewater<br />
Producedwater<br />
Hydrocarbons&vapours<br />
Fuels:Diesel,gasoline,andothers.<br />
Hydrochloricacid/caustic<br />
Strongsulphuric acid<br />
Oilfieldproduction,injection,&servicelines.<br />
Fluegasdesulphurization<br />
Oilfieldproduction,injection,&servicelines.<br />
Tailings,slurries,andashsystems.
HydrochloricAcid
CeramiclineGREpipe<br />
andfittingshavebeen<br />
aroundforover30<br />
years.<br />
Outperforms<br />
hardenedsteelby<br />
factorsasmuchas<br />
10:1inslurryservices.<br />
Usedinbottomash<br />
andtailingservicesfor<br />
decades.
DeterminingChemicalResistanceofGRE/GRP<strong>Piping</strong><strong>Systems</strong>
Thedesignofmetallicpipingsystems<br />
approachescorrosionbyhavingacorrosion<br />
“allowance”withthickerschedulesofcarbon<br />
steel,orbyalloys.<br />
Increasingthecorrosionbarrierof<strong>FRP</strong>willonly<br />
gosofartoincreasecorrosionresistance.<br />
Thecorrectmethodtoapproachcorrosion<br />
resistanceof<strong>FRP</strong>istofirstselecttheproper<br />
resin.<br />
Thepropertiesofthisresincanthenalsobe<br />
enhancedbyselectingthepropercuringagent.
Controlsampleandcrosssectionof<br />
pipeafter10yearsofcontinuous93%<br />
H 2 SO 4 (aq)service.
Polyester<br />
• Generalpurpose,lowtemperature,nonessentialservice<br />
piping.Temperaturelimitof66to80°C.<br />
Vinylester&EpoxyV/E<br />
• Chlorinesolutions,strongacids,andlowtemperature<br />
water.Subjecttohydrolysisathightemperature.<br />
Temperaturelimitedto93°C(ASMEB31.3).<br />
Epoxy<br />
• Acids,caustics,andhydrocarbons.Superiorhoopstress<br />
allowsforsignificantlyincreasedpressureratings.Excellent<br />
forhightemperaturewaterandchloridesifcuredwith<br />
aromaticamineagents.Temperaturelimitedto149°C<br />
(ASMEB31.3).Practicallimitaspressurepipeis135°C.
AnhydrideBased<br />
• Temperaturelimitof66to80°C.Typicallyusedforoilfield<br />
linepipeandtubing.Excellentresistancetohydrocarbons.<br />
NotsuitableforhighpressureCO 2.<br />
AliphaticAmine<br />
• Temperaturelimitof93°C.Typicallyusedforoilfieldline<br />
pipeandtubing.Excellentresistancetohydrocarbons,and<br />
CO 2 .<br />
AromaticAmine<br />
• Temperature limitof120°C.Usedforoilfieldlinepipeand<br />
tubing,andextensivelyforprocesspipeandfittings.<br />
Providesthebestcorrosionandtemperaturecapabilities.
ApplicationorCondition<br />
NonMetallic<strong>Piping</strong><br />
MaterialSelection<br />
Matrix<br />
Water(ambient)<br />
Water66°C<br />
Water80°C<br />
Water93°C<br />
Water135°C<br />
Solvent(100%xylene)<br />
Acid(20%HCl@93°C)<br />
Caustic(50%NaOH@93°C)<br />
ExposedtoUV<br />
PressureatHighTemperature<br />
LowTemperatureService(70°C)<br />
AboveGroundatHighT<br />
Conductive(carbonfibreadded)<br />
ExtremelyHighPressures<br />
LargeDiameter<br />
PVC(polyvinylchloride)<br />
CPVC(chlorinatedpolyvinylchloride)<br />
HDPE(highdensitypolyethylene)<br />
GRE(glassreinforcedepoxy)<br />
GRVE(glassreinforcedvinylester)<br />
PP(polypropylene)<br />
PVDF(polyvinylideneflouride)<br />
<strong>Plastic</strong>pipeinformationfromwww.plasticpipe.org ,andNRCCanadaCBD220“ThermoplasticPipe”
#5:IndustrynotawareofperformancecapabilitiesandavailabilityofGRE<br />
piping.<br />
#4:GREnotconsideredbecauseofknowncharacteristicsofnonreinforced<br />
polymerslikePVC,CPVC,HDPE(impactresistance,span,pressurederating,UV<br />
resistance,thermalexpansion/contraction).<br />
#3:Linesizingbasedoncarbonsteelinsidediametersandfrictionloss<br />
coefficients.<br />
#2:DesigningGRE“difficult”.Lackofresourcesregardingcertificationsand<br />
approvals,support/anchor/guidedesign,installationspecifications,lineclasses,<br />
andstressanalysisofGRE.Thisinformationisallreadilyavailable.<br />
#1:Carbonsteelsystemsareoftenoverdesignedtoprovideacorrosion<br />
allowancetoprovidelongevity.ThisleadstothespecificationofANSI150><br />
ANSI300>ANSI600>ANSI900>ANSI1500designsforsystemsthatoperate<br />
atamuch,muchlowerpressure.CopyingalineclassMOPcanbepunitiveto<br />
GREandothernonmetallics.Designshouldbebasedonactualoperating<br />
pressure,not“replacinginkind”.
ProbableDefects/DamagesLeadingtoFailure<br />
Occursat4Stages:<br />
Manufacturing<br />
Shipping&Handling<br />
Installation<br />
Operation
Manufacturing:porosity,taperangles,<br />
degreeofcure.<br />
EasilycontrolledthroughproperITPand<br />
monitoring.<br />
“Easy”tomakepipe.Hardertomake<br />
fittings(bends&tees)dueto<br />
configuration.<br />
Inplantmonitoringandtestingaspartof<br />
standardplantQA/QCimportant.<br />
StandardssuchasISO14692helpeducate<br />
endusersonpotentialpitfalls.
Impactdamage.<br />
Abrasion.<br />
Crushing.<br />
Enddamage.<br />
Controlledthroughproperpackingandloading<br />
inspections.Dittoforreceiving.<br />
Inspectioncriterianeedtobepassedontoreceivers<br />
andinstallers.
Handling.<br />
Endpreparation(tapersorbondingsurfaces).<br />
Contaminatedbondingsurfaces.<br />
Improperjoint(poorinsertion,improper<br />
adhesiveapplication).<br />
Improperadhesivecure.<br />
Controlledthroughtraining&certification<br />
(typicallyASMEB31.3).
Overpressurization.<br />
Overheating.<br />
Chemicalattack.<br />
Axialshear(i.e.duetosettlingofsoil)
Operationupset<br />
during<br />
commissioning,<br />
coupledwith<br />
largequantities<br />
ofaircaused<br />
thisjointtopull<br />
apart.150psig<br />
designsystem<br />
subjectedto<br />
surgeinexcess<br />
of1400psig.
Thispipe<br />
didnot<br />
leak.The<br />
conditionof<br />
theIDwas<br />
discovered<br />
after<br />
removinga<br />
failedvalve.
Material<br />
Selection<br />
(Resins/Curing<br />
Agents)<br />
Design<br />
(Supports/Risers/<br />
SafetyFactors)<br />
Manufacturing<br />
Controls<br />
(ISO9001/ISO<br />
14692/ITP/<br />
Qualification)<br />
Installation<br />
(Handling/<br />
Installation<br />
Training/<br />
Supervision)<br />
Operation<br />
(Commissioning/Temperature<br />
Controls/SystemExpansion)
BillGowland,President<br />
FibreglassSolutionsInc.<br />
Tel:8777513966<br />
Email:frp@frpsolutions.com<br />
WEB:www.frpsolutions.com<br />
Woodstock,Estevan,Regina,Edmonton,<strong>Calgary</strong><br />
www.frpsolutions.com
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