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The Breeders Bulletin - Sheep Genetics

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<strong>The</strong> <strong>Breeders</strong> <strong>Bulletin</strong><br />

Spring 2011<br />

www.sheepgenetics.org.au


<strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> Organisational Setup<br />

MLA/AWI<br />

Executive Committee<br />

Dr Rob Banks (MLA)<br />

Dr Alex Ball (MLA)<br />

Ms Jane LittleJohn (AWI)<br />

Mr Geoff Lindon (AWI)<br />

Advisory Committee<br />

Philip Attard (Chair)<br />

Murray Long - 230324<br />

Pendarra White Suffolks, NSW<br />

Mark Mortimer - 601250<br />

Centre Plus Merinos, NSW<br />

Andrew Mosely - 470044<br />

Etiwanda White Dorpers, NSW<br />

Don Pegler - 150022<br />

Oaklea Coopworths, SA<br />

Dale Price - 161886<br />

Majardah Poll Dorsets, SA<br />

Warren Russell - 501704<br />

Melrose Merinos, VIC<br />

Tom Silcock - 504572<br />

<strong>The</strong> Mountain Dam Merinos, VIC<br />

<strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong><br />

Manager<br />

Sam Gill<br />

Hamish Chandler<br />

Stephen Field<br />

Fiona McLoughlin<br />

David Rubie<br />

Luke Stephen<br />

Nicole Williams<br />

Jaime Carey<br />

Technical Committee<br />

Dr Rob Banks (Chair)<br />

Dr Hans Graser - AGBU<br />

Dr Daniel Brown - AGBU<br />

Dr Andrew Swan - AGBU<br />

Dr Kim Bunter - AGBU<br />

Mr Geoff Lindon - AWI<br />

Dr Jen Smith - CSIRO<br />

Dr Troy Fischer - Industry Rep.<br />

Dr Alex Ball - MLA<br />

Dr Kevin Atkins - NSW I & I<br />

Mr Allan Casey - NSW I & I<br />

Dr Julius Van Der Werf - UNE<br />

Mr Sam Gill - <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong><br />

<strong>The</strong> <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> Manager or Staff should always be the<br />

initial contact point for all communication.<br />

<strong>The</strong> <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> Executive is a joint MLA and AWI management group responsible for the operations of <strong>Sheep</strong><br />

<strong>Genetics</strong>.<br />

<strong>The</strong> <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> Advisory Committee has been established to assist in communication and representing to MLA<br />

and AWI the views and requirements of current and potential clients and the wider sheep industry. <strong>The</strong> Committee<br />

has an active role in business planning and annual review of the operational performance of <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong>.<br />

<strong>The</strong> <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> Technical Committee comprises representatives from MLA, AWI, AGBU, UNE, NSW DPI,<br />

industry and <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong>. <strong>The</strong> role of the <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> Technical Committee is to guide and lead the<br />

development of the <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> analytical engine, OVIS, to continually refine the analysis procedures and<br />

develop new ASBVs to meet industry demand.<br />

Meat & Livestock Australia and Australian Wool Innovation acknowledges the<br />

matching funds provided by the Australian Government to support the research<br />

and development detailed in this publication.<br />

Spring 2011 www.sheepgenetics.org.au 2


Newsletter Contents<br />

Team News 3<br />

Out-and-about 4<br />

Breeder Profile - MPM 4<br />

Research - Meating the Challenge 6<br />

Data Quality 8<br />

Marketing Tips 9<br />

Scoring Visual Traits 10<br />

Genes to Improve Muscle 11<br />

Satisfaction Survey Results 12<br />

Website - Mating Predictor 15<br />

<strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> Team News<br />

We would like to welcome Nicole back to<br />

the team, after being away for 4 months<br />

for the birth of her baby girl. Rhali Mia<br />

Williams was born on the 16th May and is<br />

doing well.<br />

Over this period we have been assisted by<br />

Jaime Carey whom many of you will have<br />

talked to on the phone. Jaime has very<br />

capably taken on the project<br />

administrators role and will be missed<br />

when she finishes up mid October for a<br />

short break before the arrival of her baby.<br />

Luke is busily preparing for a trip to New Zealand for the Rugby World Cup, as a<br />

great fan of rugby he is very excited at the prospect. This will probably be his last<br />

holiday before his honeymoon in January.<br />

Sam and Mel are expecting another baby that is due in January, I am sure that<br />

the whole Gill family is eagerly awaiting the arrival of a new family member.<br />

Spring 2011 www.sheepgenetics.org.au 3


Out-and-about<br />

Recently Sam, Hamish and Luke have been busy on the road at a series of “Its Ewe Time”<br />

forums. <strong>The</strong> forums were held in<br />

WA at Katanning, Northam, Dandaragan<br />

NSW at Tamworth and Cooma<br />

QLD at Longreach<br />

VIC at Bairnsdale<br />

SA at Wundinna and Lameroo.<br />

<strong>The</strong> forums were a popular event and a great chance for the team to catch up with current clients<br />

as well as many other producers.<br />

<strong>Sheep</strong>vention at Hamilton and Bendigo <strong>Sheep</strong> and Wool show have both taken place for another<br />

year. <strong>The</strong>se two major events on the sheep producers calendar saw LAMBPLAN and<br />

MERINOSELECT clients achieve good results in the show and sale ring, and our congratulations<br />

go out to all on the results.<br />

Sam has jetted out to the US, to meet with the National <strong>Sheep</strong> Improvement Program (NSIP)<br />

team. <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> has been working with US producers for the last couple of years to<br />

strengthen the industry links between Australia and the US . An initiative that is working well with<br />

the US clients very happy with the service provided by LAMBPLAN.<br />

Breeder Profile: Multi Purpose Merinos Dwain Duxson<br />

<strong>The</strong> Multi Purpose Merino (MPM) group consists of 9 ram<br />

breeders and around 150 commercial breeders spread around<br />

every state of Australia. <strong>The</strong> group was formed in 2000 with the<br />

view to breeding a consistent type of merino that was first and<br />

foremost, a wrinkle free merino.<br />

<strong>The</strong> MPM ewe flock currently totals around 350,000, with a<br />

larger number under the MPM banner in South America.<br />

<strong>Breeders</strong> here in the Eastern part of Australia are building<br />

numbers post drought. Most WA breeders have maintained their<br />

core breeding flocks as they look to come out of drought in<br />

2011.<br />

<strong>The</strong> MPM group places great importance on being involved in<br />

the MERINOSELECT program. It‟s been a great tool to advance<br />

the stock for growth rates, muscle percentages and fat levels.<br />

Some breeders have been involved with MERINOSELECT since<br />

its inception.<br />

<strong>Breeders</strong> are from high rainfall areas, wheat sheep zones or station country and no matter where you go MPM<br />

sheep always look the same. An MPM sheep:<br />

Is a wrinkle free merino<br />

Has been bred by rams and from ewes that have been measured under the MERINOSELECT<br />

program with the focus on growth, muscle and fat levels<br />

Flocks have improved their weaning rates by an average of 20% over the last 5 years (flock<br />

average is around 100% weaning and rising). This compares to the merino average of 77%<br />

Spring 2011 www.sheepgenetics.org.au 4


Grows wool at a faster rate, 60%<br />

of breeders shear earlier than a<br />

traditional 12 month period<br />

(some at 7 to 8 months).<br />

Has an average adult micron of<br />

19, with some flocks finer in the<br />

higher rainfall areas.<br />

<strong>The</strong> majority of breeders sell<br />

their wethers as lambs, which<br />

would have been the minority 5<br />

years ago<br />

Approximately 70% of breeders<br />

do not mules anymore<br />

Have plain rumps but not<br />

necessarily bare breech‟s<br />

Is less susceptible to body strike<br />

due to its non wrinkled skin.<br />

Moojepin Ewe lambs at 11 months of age, both<br />

scanned in lamb with twins<br />

Glendemar MPM Yearling Weights since 1999<br />

Glendemar MPM Yearling Eye Muscle Depths<br />

since 1999<br />

MPM ram breeder‟s are conscious of breeding a sheep that is of a particular type, these breeder„s meet<br />

once a year and consult regularly in regards to any breeding changes so that commercial breeders get<br />

constant genetic upgrading for all the traits that in turn leads to a profitable sheep business, with many<br />

MPM breeders receiving premium prices for their surplus stock in recent times.<br />

<strong>The</strong> MPM group also has a list of sheep classers that help individual breeders get the most out of their<br />

sheep operations, for a list of MPM Ram <strong>Breeders</strong>, MPM <strong>Sheep</strong> Classers and other info go to<br />

www.multipurposemerinos.com.au<br />

Breeder Profile<br />

If you would like to submit a breeder profile<br />

for the upcoming <strong>Breeders</strong> <strong>Bulletin</strong>s please<br />

contact the office.<br />

For more information contact Ben Duxson 03 53592292<br />

or glendemar@aussiebroadband.com.au<br />

Profiles include information such as:<br />

Location<br />

Size of operation<br />

Breeding objectives<br />

How LAMBPLAN/MERINOSELECT<br />

helps you achieve goals.<br />

Spring 2011 www.sheepgenetics.org.au 5


Meating the Challenge Kelly Pearce and David Pethick<br />

Background<br />

Genetic selection for traits important to both<br />

consumers and producers will be the key profit<br />

drivers of productivity and profitability gains for<br />

your sheepmeat enterprise into the future.<br />

Important traits include, lean meat yield, dressing<br />

percentage, tenderness, intramuscular fat and<br />

retail colour. Understanding the inheritance<br />

(heritability) of these traits and their<br />

interrelationships will better enable sheep breeders<br />

to select for improved lamb production into the<br />

future.<br />

Exciting new work by the <strong>Sheep</strong> CRC meat<br />

program has shown that a variety of new traits are<br />

moderately to highly heritable (Table 1). <strong>The</strong>se<br />

include lean meat yield, dressing percentage,<br />

intramuscular fat and shear force (tenderness).<br />

<strong>The</strong>se traits can‟t be visually selected for in a live<br />

animal so prototype Australian <strong>Sheep</strong> Breeding<br />

Values ASBV‟s are being developed to allow for<br />

their selection in a breeding program to improve<br />

the performance of future generations, <strong>The</strong> new<br />

suite of prototype ASBV‟s include lean meat yield,<br />

intramuscular fat and shear force that will become<br />

available from <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong>. In addition the INF<br />

flocks are also assisting in increasing the accuracy<br />

of existing ASBVS.<br />

<strong>The</strong> Information Nucleus Flock provides a unique<br />

opportunity for examination of genetic factors<br />

influencing carcass and eating quality, across a<br />

range of environments.<br />

So far- a total 6595 lambs from the <strong>Sheep</strong> CRC<br />

information Nucleus program (INF) have had<br />

carcass and meat quality records following<br />

slaughter. Such as: carcass weight; dressing<br />

percentage; lean meat yield; a range of fresh meat<br />

and retail display colour measurements;<br />

tenderness as measured by shear force; iron, zinc<br />

and omega-3 fatty acid contents of the meat;<br />

This article will give you the background behind<br />

these traits and how they are linked and how the<br />

prototype ASBV‟s will contribute.<br />

1. Nutritional value of lamb<br />

Iron and Zinc<br />

Iron is a strong selling point for red meat,<br />

particularly for women of reproductive age. <strong>The</strong><br />

redness of meat is largely driven by the iron<br />

containing pigment myoglobin within muscle. This<br />

pigment delivers oxygen to the working muscle<br />

cells. Dieticians have described the iron levels<br />

required to underpin a claim of „source‟ or „good<br />

source‟. <strong>The</strong> level of iron in lamb is at, or just<br />

under, a good source claim meaning as an<br />

industry we would not want the values to fall any<br />

lower. A key driver of iron levels is the age of the<br />

lamb and as we increase growth genetics the<br />

potential for reduced iron content is very real. <strong>The</strong><br />

heritability of total muscle iron content is quite low<br />

(Table 1) but the red pigment myoglobin has a<br />

higher genetic component. <strong>The</strong> iron within<br />

myoglobin is the most powerful nutritional source<br />

for humans as it is highly available for digestion.<br />

<strong>The</strong> levels of zinc in lamb muscle are sufficient to<br />

claim lamb as a good source of zinc. However our<br />

initial analyses suggest a weak but significant<br />

unfavorable relationship with the PEMD ASBV<br />

indicating we as an industry should consider<br />

balanced genetic management of zinc levels to<br />

prevent any decrease into the future. Levels of iron<br />

and zinc in the INF lambs were 2.05 mg/100g and<br />

2.31 mg/100g iron and zinc respectively (Iron-<br />

Standard deviation (SD) of 0.44 and range from<br />

0.81-4.51mg/100g and Zinc- SD of 0.39 and range<br />

from 1.18-4.49 mg/100g).<br />

Omega 3<br />

Australians are being encouraged to increase their<br />

intake of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated omega-3<br />

fatty acids to reduce their risk of chronic diseases.<br />

<strong>The</strong>se fatty acids include eicosapentaenoic acid<br />

(EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). <strong>The</strong><br />

average level of EPA plus DHA in lamb meat was<br />

23.5 mg/100 g (SD of 9.32 and range from 4.58-<br />

56.0 mg/100g), which is higher than the level<br />

required to claim that lamb is a „source‟ of omega-<br />

3. Omega 3 levels are heritable, however<br />

differences in the finishing diet also have a<br />

significant effect on omega-3 concentrations in the<br />

muscle.<br />

2. Eating quality<br />

Shear force<br />

Shear force is a laboratory based measure of<br />

tenderness and is based on the kg of force<br />

required to pass a blade through a piece of cooked<br />

lamb. Shear force tenderness of the loin is under<br />

significant genetic control and should be less than<br />

Spring 2011 www.sheepgenetics.org.au 6


about 27 Newtons to be perceived as adequately<br />

tender by the consumer. Average shear force of<br />

the INF lambs 5 days post slaughter was 23.6 N<br />

(SD of 8.2 and range from 10.7-75.6 N). Other<br />

factors such as processing conditions and meat pH<br />

also effect shear force and this trait requires a<br />

whole of supply chain approach to optimally<br />

mange the best outcome (MSA lamb).<br />

Intramuscular fat<br />

Intramuscular fat (IMF) is measured chemically as<br />

the total fat content of the lamb loin. Ideally IMF<br />

should be 4-6% to ensure adequate flavour and<br />

juiciness for a consumer. This level of IMF is low<br />

from a human nutritional perspective and still<br />

allows lean lamb to receive the heart tick (


Data Quality<br />

With most flocks in <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> awaiting the arrival of their Spring drop lambs it is important to also<br />

plan your <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> recording schedule. This is important as recording traits at the incorrect time<br />

can not only see the data excluded from the MERINOSELECT and LAMBPLAN analyses, but may cost<br />

you the breeder the time and expense of having to record the traits again. This document will help outline<br />

the major quality assurance requirements for recording the traits for <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong>. Full details on<br />

recording traits can be found in the <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> Quality Assurance manual.<br />

Fleece<br />

<strong>The</strong>re are three major quality assurances required when recording fleece traits for MERINOSELECT &<br />

LAMBPLAN.<br />

1. Animals must be a minimum ten months old when the data is recorded. Animals need to be ten<br />

months old or older as to reduce the maternal differences in fleece characteristics.<br />

2. Animals have to have minimum wool growth for recording fleece quality (Fibre diameter) and fleece<br />

quantity (fleece weight & staple length). <strong>The</strong> minimum time period is to allow animals time to<br />

express genetic differences in wool growth. For recording fleece quality this time period is 5 months,<br />

for fleece quantity this is 6 months.<br />

3. Fibre testing needs to be carried out by an accredited OFFM operator. A list of these operators can<br />

be found on the AWI website.<br />

Carcase<br />

When getting ultrasound carcase measurements on your animals there are three major quality assurance<br />

requirements:<br />

1. <strong>The</strong> carcase scanner must be accredited with <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong>. A updated list is available on the<br />

<strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> website under the service provider tab.<br />

2. Animals must be a minimum 30 kg live weight. Animals under this weight do not express adequate<br />

genetic differences in fat.<br />

3. <strong>The</strong> average age of the management group must be 100 days old.<br />

Visual traits<br />

Visual traits can be scored by you the breeder on your own property. When scoring breech wrinkle, body<br />

wrinkle, breech cover and dags there are a number of quality assurance guidelines that must be met:<br />

1. Breech wrinkle, breech cover and dags must all be scored in un-mulesed animals. Body wrinkle<br />

may be scored on animals that have been mulesed.<br />

2. Unless scored in the marking cradle. Breech wrinkle, breech cover and body wrinkle must be scored<br />

in animals off shears. This is to get a accurate indication of wrinkle or cover.<br />

3. Dag must be scored prior to crutching after the season break. Dag must be scored in animals<br />

following a worm burden, two months after the season break. <strong>The</strong>re must be adequate variation in<br />

the scores.<br />

Worm Egg counts<br />

When scoring worm egg count the major quality assurance requirement is that the group average must be<br />

280 eggs per gram or higher. If the group average is under 290 the records for the entire group are<br />

excluded from the analysis as there is not enough quality data to give accurate expression of genetics<br />

differences between animal. A good rule of thumb is to measure a portion of the animals first to ensure<br />

that there is an adequate worm burden before measuring the entire group.<br />

A list of the labs currently accredited to record worm egg counts under the service provider tab on the<br />

<strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> website.<br />

Spring 2011 www.sheepgenetics.org.au 8


Weights<br />

<strong>The</strong>re are not the major quality assurance guidelines when recording live body weights as the other traits<br />

to measure. However it is important that you consistently check your scales to ensure that they are<br />

accurately measuring. Weights should be recorded to the nearest 0.1 kg.<br />

Summary<br />

Trait Age that can be recorded Requirements<br />

Fleece weight Yearling-Adult 10 months or older, 6 months<br />

wool growth<br />

Fibre tests Yearling-Adult 10 months or older, 5 months<br />

wool growth<br />

Carcase Scanning Early Post weaning-Hoggett Group average age older than<br />

100 days, heavier than 30 kgs<br />

liveweight<br />

Worm Egg Counts Weaning-Hogett Group average to be higher<br />

than 280 eggs per gram<br />

Visual traits (breech cover,<br />

Breech Wrinkle, body wrinkle)<br />

Marking-adult<br />

Animals unmulesed and in<br />

short wool<br />

Dag Marking-Adult In umulesed animals prior to<br />

crutching following the season<br />

break<br />

Table 1. Summary of suitable times and quality assurance procedures for measuring traits in <strong>Sheep</strong><br />

<strong>Genetics</strong>.<br />

If you have any questions regarding the planning of your measurement program please do not hesitate to<br />

contact the office on 02 6773 2948 or info@sheepgenetics.org.au.<br />

MERINOSELECT & LAMBPLAN Branding<br />

Marketing Your Business<br />

With ram sale season quickly approaching it is time to consider how to get<br />

the most out of your advertising and marketing approach.<br />

As members of <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> the use of MERINOSELECT or<br />

LAMBPLAN logos is key in the promotion of your business. <strong>The</strong> use of<br />

these logos signal your commitment to genetic technology that is accurate<br />

and quality assured. It also signals that your business is a part of the worlds<br />

largest and most powerful sheep genetics database.<br />

Displaying your logo in conjunction with MERINOSELECT or LAMBPLAN<br />

logos gives you the strength and brand recognition associated with genetic<br />

excellence.<br />

Below are the two logos that you will be able to implement into your<br />

marketing strategy, promoting your business in alliance with <strong>Sheep</strong><br />

<strong>Genetics</strong>.<br />

For an electronic copy of these files for your own use or to be used by a commercial printing<br />

company please contact the office on 02 6773 2948 or email through your request to<br />

info@sheepgenetics.org.au<br />

Spring 2011 www.sheepgenetics.org.au 9


How to Score Visual Traits for MERINOSELECT<br />

MERINOSELECT have launched ASBVs for Early Breech Cover and Late Dag. <strong>The</strong> aim of this document<br />

is to help you score the traits now included in the MERINOSELECT analysis. <strong>The</strong> scoring system is from<br />

the visual scores guide. To obtain a copy of the visual scores guide please contact the <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong><br />

office on 02 6773 2948 or email info@sheepgenetics.org.au<br />

Dag<br />

Dag is on a 1-5 scale and refers to the quantity of faecal material adhering to the wool surrounding the<br />

breech and extending down the hind legs. A score of 1 is a animal that has no dags on the legs or<br />

breech. A score of 5 is a animal that has extensive dags not only remaining in the breech area, but<br />

extending right down the hind legs to the pasterns.<br />

Animals must be a minimum 4 months old. Animals must also be scored prior to crutching and<br />

approximately 2 months after the season break. Animals should only be dag scored if they have<br />

not been mulesed.<br />

Figure 1.1 visual<br />

scores guide for<br />

scoring Dag in sheep<br />

Breech Cover<br />

Breech Cover is scored on a 1-5 scan and refers to the amount of natural bare skin around the perineum<br />

and breech area. A score of 1 refers to an animal that has a natural bare area that extends outwards<br />

around the anus and vulva. An animal that is a score 5 for breech cover has no bare area at all in this<br />

area.<br />

Animals can be either scored in the cradle or in the race to have breech cover scores accepted. Animals<br />

ideally should be scored be at marking in the cradle<br />

Figure 1.2 Visual<br />

scores guides for<br />

scoring breech cover<br />

in lambs<br />

Spring 2011 www.sheepgenetics.org.au 10


Breech Wrinkle<br />

Breech Wrinkle is scored on a 1-5 scan and refers to the degree of wrinkle at the tail set and down the<br />

hind legs. A score of 1 refers to an animal that has no wrinkle. A score 5 animal has extensive wrinkle at<br />

the tail set and extending down the hind legs to the hocks.<br />

Animals can be scored for breech wrinkle in the marking cradle of off shears. Breech wrinkle can only be<br />

scored on unmulesed animals.<br />

Figure 1.3 Visual<br />

scores guide for<br />

scoring breech<br />

wrinkle in lambs<br />

Using Genes to Improve Muscling in <strong>Sheep</strong> Fay Haynes<br />

Increased lean meat yield can be achieved by<br />

selecting meat sheep sires for known genes that<br />

have positive effects on meat traits along with the<br />

traditional breeding selection methods. Researchers<br />

have found a naturally occurring change in a gene<br />

that is known to increase muscle and decrease fat.<br />

<strong>The</strong> gene is myostatin, a suppressor of skeletal<br />

muscle growth and a change in the gene reduces the<br />

production of the myostatin protein resulting in<br />

increased muscling and reduced fat. Variation in<br />

myostatin have been identified in both sheep and<br />

cattle breeds.<br />

Preliminary research carried out <strong>Sheep</strong> CRC PhD<br />

student Fay Haynes from the University of New<br />

England has found that number of copies of altered<br />

myostatin gene influences muscling. <strong>Sheep</strong> with two<br />

copies of the myostatin change have at least a 17%<br />

increase in carcass size and those animals with one<br />

copy have approximately 9% increase, with both<br />

decreasing carcass fat by approximately 12%.<br />

Research on naturally occurring changes to the gene<br />

has been of international and local interest with<br />

studies carried out in Belgium, France, New Zealand,<br />

America and also Australia, and all have found an<br />

increase in skeletal muscle size in animals with a<br />

gene change that reduces myostatin protein.<br />

Following on from Fay‟s preliminary findings, her<br />

early research also recognised that nutrition affects<br />

the growth of lambs with only one copy of the altered<br />

myostatin gene. She found that lambs with a copy of<br />

the gene that were offered unrestricted access to<br />

feed had more muscle growth than those without a<br />

copy, but when offered restricted nutrition the lambs<br />

with one copy performed more poorly than their<br />

normal counterparts. Similar forms of the gene are<br />

also found in beef cattle breeds but the nutritional<br />

effect differs as cattle research colleagues have<br />

found that under unrestricted access to feed cattle<br />

with one copy performed better in converting feed to<br />

muscle growth and under low nutrition or restricted<br />

growth, the animals appear to perform as well if not<br />

better with this naturally occurring myostatin change.<br />

Further research is required to determine the effect of<br />

this gene on development and other performance<br />

traits such as lamb survival, reproduction, growth and<br />

efficiency characteristics. To this end, Fay has bred a<br />

flock of lambs that have none, one or two copies of<br />

the myostatin gene and she is currently assessing<br />

them for live animal traits such as birth, weaning and<br />

post-weaning weights. She will also look at the<br />

effects of the gene on growth, fat development,<br />

carcass and meat quality traits. Fay is pictured with a<br />

“one copy” ewe and her lamb.<br />

Australian sheep meat breeds known to carry this<br />

form of myostatin are the Texel sheep in which over<br />

95% of sheep within the breed are carriers, White<br />

Suffolks with around 10%, Poll Dorset with less than<br />

1% and Charollais sheep. <strong>The</strong> myostatin gene was<br />

originally discovered in 1997 in mice by scientists<br />

investigating the role of different proteins that affect<br />

growth.<br />

Further information:<br />

Fay Haynes<br />

02 67731992 or<br />

fhaynes@une.edu.au<br />

Spring 2011 www.sheepgenetics.org.au 11


<strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> Satisfaction Survey 2010<br />

A survey was sent to all current subscribers to <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong>. A total of 627 surveys were distributed with<br />

94 or 15% returned. A summary of the results of those returned are as follows and the full report can be<br />

viewed on our website. All comments and suggestions are included in the full report on the web.<br />

General Information and Website<br />

What type of Breeder are you<br />

What is the size of your flock<br />

How often do you visit the <strong>Sheep</strong><br />

<strong>Genetics</strong> website<br />

Do you use the search section of<br />

the website<br />

Do you use the web catalogue to<br />

advertise sale animals<br />

Do you use the web catalogue to<br />

advertise semen sales<br />

Do you use the website as an<br />

information source<br />

Would you like to receive training<br />

via online workshops<br />

Would you like to participate with<br />

other breeders in online forums/<br />

blogs<br />

LAMBPLAN<br />

MERINOSELECT<br />

LAMBPLAN<br />

MERINOSELECT<br />

LAMBPLAN<br />

MERINOSELECT<br />

LAMBPLAN<br />

MERINOSELECT<br />

LAMBPLAN<br />

MERINOSELECT<br />

LAMBPLAN<br />

MERINOSELECT<br />

LAMBPLAN<br />

MERINOSELECT<br />

LAMBPLAN<br />

MERINOSELECT<br />

Terminal Maternal Merino Goat Other<br />

47% 23% 29% 0% 1%<br />

0-50 50-100<br />

100-<br />

300<br />

300-<br />

600<br />

600+<br />

11% 18% 26% 32% 13%<br />

0% 4% 15% 23% 58%<br />

Daily Weekly Monthly Quarterly Never<br />

8% 37% 32% 12% 11%<br />

4% 44% 36% 16% 0%<br />

Yes<br />

No<br />

84% 16%<br />

96% 4%<br />

Yes Maybe No<br />

14% 50% 36%<br />

4% 79% 17%<br />

Yes Maybe No<br />

18% 36% 46%<br />

16% 56% 28%<br />

Yes<br />

No<br />

89% 11%<br />

92% 8%<br />

Yes Maybe No<br />

36% 42% 22%<br />

36% 48% 16%<br />

Yes Maybe No<br />

20% 44% 36%<br />

16% 56% 28%<br />

Spring 2011 www.sheepgenetics.org.au 12


Products & Services<br />

Agree<br />

Neither<br />

Agree or<br />

Disagre<br />

e<br />

Disagree<br />

Staff members can be contacted easily<br />

Requests are dealt with in a timely<br />

manner<br />

<strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> reports can be easily<br />

interpreted<br />

ASBVs assist achieving breeding<br />

objectives<br />

ASBVs are an effective marketing tool<br />

ASBVs are used to assist in making<br />

joining decisions<br />

ASBVs are used routinely by my<br />

clients to purchase rams or ewes<br />

Do you find the Elite animal listing<br />

useful<br />

LAMBPLAN 22% 52% 24% 2% 0%<br />

MERINOSELECT 24% 40% 32% 0% 4%<br />

LAMBPLAN 18% 42% 25% 12% 3%<br />

MERINOSELECT 12% 28% 24% 24% 12%<br />

LAMBPLAN 23% 52% 14% 6% 5%<br />

MERINOSELECT 36% 40% 20% 4% 0%<br />

LAMBPLAN 40% 38% 14% 3% 5%<br />

MERINOSELECT 48% 36% 12% 0% 4%<br />

LAMBPLAN 31% 25% 36% 6% 2%<br />

MERINOSELECT 36% 24% 28% 8% 4%<br />

LAMBPLAN 43% 28% 20% 6% 3%<br />

MERINOSELECT 54% 25% 13% 4% 4%<br />

LAMBPLAN 9% 33% 27% 16% 16%<br />

MERINOSELECT 8% 25% 33% 21% 13%<br />

Yes Maybe No<br />

LAMBPLAN 59% 29% 13%<br />

MERINOSELECT 44% 32% 24%<br />

LAMBPLAN (You) 45% 15% 40%<br />

Do you (or your clients) find<br />

accuracies confusing<br />

MERINOSELECT<br />

(You)<br />

LAMBPLAN<br />

(Clients)<br />

MERINOSELECT<br />

(Clients)<br />

30% 17% 52%<br />

83% 17%<br />

100%<br />

Have you had the opportunity to attend<br />

a workshop in the past year<br />

LAMBPLAN 31% 6% 63%<br />

MERINOSELECT 46% 0% 54%<br />

Apart from material supplied by <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong>, from where else do you source genetic information<br />

<strong>The</strong>se answers were not prompted.<br />

26% Other <strong>Breeders</strong> 18% Only <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong><br />

10% Web 08% <strong>Sheep</strong> CRC<br />

07% MSS 05% Consultants<br />

05% Catalogues<br />

Continued over page...<br />

Spring 2011 www.sheepgenetics.org.au 13


Excellent<br />

<strong>The</strong> next section refers to the publications produced by <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong>.<br />

Publications<br />

Poor<br />

Good<br />

Please rate the <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong><br />

Breeder‟s <strong>Bulletin</strong><br />

LAMBPLAN 0% 6% 42% 40% 11%<br />

MERINOSELECT 4% 0% 48% 40% 8%<br />

Please rate the <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> Pen<br />

Cards<br />

LAMBPLAN 6% 11% 29% 49% 6%<br />

MERINOSELECT 17% 25% 17% 33% 8%<br />

Please rate the other publications<br />

and marketing material<br />

LAMBPLAN 0% 11% 39% 46% 4%<br />

MERINOSELECT 5% 0% 55% 35% 5%<br />

Is there enough commercial service available to assist with your breeding enterprise<br />

LAMBPLAN MERINOSELECT<br />

Yes 84% 89%<br />

No 16% 11%<br />

Would you like more information on Genomics<br />

LAMBPLAN MERINOSELECT<br />

Yes 80% 81%<br />

No 20% 18%<br />

At what price should the mate selection software be priced<br />

LAMBPLAN MERINOSELECT<br />

$100 39% 22%<br />

$250 39% 44%<br />

$500 23% 33%<br />

$1000 0% 0%<br />

* Only 46% answered this as most seemed confused about the mate selection software.<br />

Spring 2011 www.sheepgenetics.org.au 14


<strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> Website A Tool for Information and Marketing<br />

Mating Predictor<br />

If you are a regular visitor to the <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> web site, you may have noticed a new addition to the<br />

search page. <strong>The</strong> Mating Predictor facility has been introduced to help breeders predict the ASBVs for the<br />

progeny that would result from a range of matings between different sires and dams.<br />

<strong>The</strong> link to the Mating Predictor can be found by going to the sheep <strong>Genetics</strong> website<br />

(www.sheepgenetics.org.au) and selecting either the LAMBPLAN or MERINOSELECT Search link. <strong>The</strong><br />

new Mating Predictor can be found on the Search page, with the link located under the Basic Search and<br />

Advanced Search links.<br />

<strong>The</strong> Mating Predictor allows you to enter the ID for up to 50 rams and 50 ewes. <strong>The</strong> ewe IDs can be either<br />

manually entered, or imported in a text or excel file. Once the IDs of the males and females have been<br />

entered, clicking the “Show predicted ASBVs for progeny” button will calculate the mid-parent ASBVs for<br />

each of the possible combinations of matings for the listed rams and ewes. Only breeding values where<br />

the average accuracy of the ram and ewe‟s ASBVs is above the normal accuracy threshold will be<br />

reported.<br />

Please note that the breeding values calculated by the Mating Predictor are indicative values only, based<br />

on what we know from the given pedigree details. <strong>The</strong> actual ASBVs calculated for any progeny from the<br />

same joining would take into account recorded performance for that animal and its relatives. <strong>The</strong><br />

progeny‟s actual ASBVs may therefore vary from the predicted mid-parent values.<br />

All animals with publicly available ASBVs can be used by the Mating Predictor. If you do not publicly list<br />

your animals on the <strong>Sheep</strong> <strong>Genetics</strong> web site, you can still utilise the Mating Predictor through the secure<br />

Members Login area.<br />

Image 1: Example results using one terminal sire and two terminal dams.<br />

Spring 2011 www.sheepgenetics.org.au 15


PO Box U254<br />

UNE ARMIDALE NSW 2351<br />

Phone: 02 6773 2948<br />

Fax: 02 6773 2707<br />

Email: info@sheepgenetics.org.au<br />

Web: www.sheepgenetics.org.au<br />

Published by Meat & Livestock Australia Limited ABN 39 081 678 364 and Australian Wool<br />

Innovation Limited ABN 12 095 165 58, September 2011<br />

ISSN: 1448 790 X<br />

Care is taken to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, MLA<br />

cannot accept responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the information or opinions<br />

contained in the publication. You should make your own enquiries before making decisions<br />

concerning your interests. You may also contact MLA on 1800 023 100. MLA accepts no liability for<br />

any losses incurred if you rely solely on this publication.<br />

Reproduction in whole or part of this publication is prohibited without prior consent and<br />

acknowledgement of Meat & Livestock Australia or Australian Wool Innovation.<br />

Meat & Livestock Australia acknowledges the matching funds provided by the Australian<br />

Government to support the research and development detailed in this publication.<br />

© Meat & Livestock Australia and Australian Wool Innovation (2011)<br />

Spring 2011 www.sheepgenetics.org.au 16

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