Capturing building inventory data for earthquake risk assessment
Capturing building inventory data for earthquake risk assessment
Capturing building inventory data for earthquake risk assessment
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Risk Global Component<br />
Inventory Data Capture Tools<br />
<strong>Capturing</strong> <strong>building</strong> <strong>inventory</strong> <strong>data</strong><br />
<strong>for</strong> <strong>earthquake</strong> <strong>risk</strong> <strong>assessment</strong>:<br />
The GEM perspective<br />
NCEO/CEOI Joint Science<br />
Conference,<br />
Nottingham<br />
20/09/2012<br />
John Bevington, ImageCat<br />
Project Manager | Inventory Data Capture Tools
ImageCat<br />
US (Long Beach, CA.) & UK (Guild<strong>for</strong>d) offices<br />
R&D and Consultancy<br />
• Application of EO and GIS <strong>data</strong> and tools <strong>for</strong><br />
disaster <strong>risk</strong> management<br />
– Post-disaster response<br />
– Exposure development<br />
– Recovery monitoring<br />
– Cat model development<br />
Commercial arm:<br />
• Exposure <strong>data</strong> development and enhancement<br />
• Post-disaster response – damage and loss <strong>assessment</strong>
ImageCat Collaborative Partners WORLDWIDE<br />
NORTH AMERICA<br />
EUROPE<br />
ASIA-PACIFIC
THE GLOBAL<br />
EARTHQUAKE MODEL<br />
Risk Global Component:<br />
Inventory Data Capture Tools
Catastrophe modelling<br />
Risk modelling helps answer:<br />
• Where can events occur<br />
• How big will they be<br />
• What is the potential damage,<br />
economic and human losses<br />
• What are the financial<br />
consequences<br />
Exposure<br />
Vulnerability<br />
Hazard<br />
Financial
Aims of IDCT<br />
Inventory Data Capture Tools<br />
• Open source suite of tools <strong>for</strong> <strong>inventory</strong><br />
generation<br />
– Remote sensing<br />
– Field observations<br />
• Provide supplementary training and user<br />
guides<br />
• Tailored <strong>for</strong> a variety of skill levels<br />
• Per-<strong>building</strong> to city-wide scale<br />
Spatial Tiers<br />
Level 3 Building<br />
Neighborhood<br />
Level 2<br />
City<br />
Province<br />
Level 1<br />
Country<br />
Region<br />
Level 0<br />
Global
IDCT Project Team<br />
Advisory Committee<br />
Chair: Prof. Fumio Yamazaki<br />
1. ImageCat (Lead)<br />
2. British Geological Survey<br />
3. CAR Ltd.<br />
4. German Aerospace Centre (DLR)<br />
5. German Research Centre <strong>for</strong> Geosciences (GFZ)<br />
6. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)<br />
7. OpenGeo<br />
8. SPA Risk LLC<br />
9. Stan<strong>for</strong>d University<br />
10. University of Pavia<br />
11. University of Nottingham<br />
12. World Agency of Planetary Monitoring and<br />
Earthquake Risk Reduction (WAPMERR)
GEM Risk Global Consortia<br />
GEM Users &<br />
Beneficiaries<br />
(GEM Report 2009/2010)
IDCT Workflow - Basic
Task 1. Remote Sensing<br />
Goals<br />
• Extraction of <strong>inventory</strong> boundary <strong>data</strong> from satellite or aerial imagery<br />
– Multi-scale: from <strong>building</strong> footprints to urban/rural boundaries<br />
• Generation of attributes:<br />
– Per-<strong>building</strong>: including <strong>building</strong> height; roof type; <strong>building</strong> regularity<br />
– Per-region: urban/rural; homogenous zones (e.g. land use, occupancy type,<br />
lateral load resisting system)<br />
• Post-<strong>earthquake</strong> damage <strong>assessment</strong> tools<br />
• Set of training and application guidelines <strong>for</strong> all tools<br />
Tools<br />
• Open-source remote sensing toolkit – QGIS, GRASS, Google Earth, BREC4GEM<br />
• Open-source GIS functions <strong>for</strong> creating, cleaning & modifying <strong>data</strong><br />
• Crowdsourcing interface <strong>for</strong> damage <strong>assessment</strong>
Task 1. Remote Sensing<br />
Remote sensing & BREC testing – <strong>inventory</strong> generation<br />
Remotely-<br />
Sensed Data<br />
•Multispectral<br />
optical <strong>data</strong><br />
Classification<br />
•Supervised<br />
•Unsupervised<br />
Building<br />
Classification<br />
BREC tool<br />
Resulting<br />
Footprint
Thailand (Com/Ind)<br />
Chile (Mixed)<br />
Thailand (Res)<br />
Pakistan (Mixed)
Protocol Development<br />
Challenge – how to explain uncertainty to non-expert users<br />
Protocols<br />
• Step-by-step guide <strong>for</strong> using QGIS, GRASS, BREC, Google Earth<br />
includes pre-processing, extraction of urban/non-urban areas, land-use<br />
classification, BREC footprint extraction, regularisation & cleaning <strong>data</strong>
IDCT Workflow - Basic
Direct Observation field tools<br />
• Multi-plat<strong>for</strong>m – Windows and Android OSs<br />
• Standardized collection - GEM Taxonomy<br />
• Contextual menus<br />
• Geo-referenced collection. Support <strong>for</strong><br />
ancillary media – photos, video, voice
Direct Observation Tools – Windows OS
Direct Observation Tools – Android OS
IDCT Workflow - Basic
Mapping Schemes - SIDD<br />
Spatial Inventory and<br />
Damage Database Tool<br />
• Conduit between <strong>data</strong><br />
sets derived from both RS<br />
and DO<br />
• Data based on a<br />
combination of regional<br />
defaults, expert opinion,<br />
survey <strong>data</strong><br />
• Easy creation and<br />
application of mapping<br />
schemes<br />
• Iterative process to create<br />
<strong>inventory</strong> <strong>data</strong>
Real world application - Indonesia<br />
• Work commissioned by the Government of<br />
Indonesia, Department of Finance<br />
• Funded by AIFDR and GFDRR<br />
• Creation of an exposure <strong>data</strong>base <strong>for</strong> <strong>risk</strong><br />
modelling<br />
• ImageCat per<strong>for</strong>med study through IDCT –<br />
completed in May 2011<br />
• Participation by local Indonesian companies
Direct<br />
Observation<br />
Mapping<br />
Schemes<br />
Remote Sensing<br />
Real world application - Indonesia<br />
Delineate urban/rural<br />
Define homogenous areas<br />
Mataram, Lombok<br />
6.012356 105.572678<br />
Characterize development<br />
Calculation of structural<br />
attributes<br />
Floor Area<br />
Residential<br />
Commercial<br />
Industrial<br />
Other<br />
Occupancy Class<br />
2<br />
Masonry<br />
Mobile Home<br />
Steel<br />
Concrete<br />
0<br />
.<br />
3<br />
0<br />
0<br />
.<br />
2<br />
5<br />
0<br />
.<br />
2<br />
0<br />
0<br />
.<br />
1<br />
5<br />
0<br />
.<br />
1<br />
0<br />
0<br />
.<br />
0<br />
5<br />
0<br />
.<br />
0<br />
0<br />
0<br />
Wood<br />
Model Building Type
Task 3. Mapping Schemes - Indonesia Pilot<br />
Building Counts and Floor Area (Sq M) by Land Use, Number of Stories and Structural Type<br />
Zone Land Use Basic Structural Type Detailed Structural Type Stories # of Buildings Total Sq Meters<br />
Airport Rein<strong>for</strong>ced Concrete Frame 1 20 15,000<br />
Commercial Masonry Confined masonry 1 861 173,413<br />
Commercial Masonry Confined masonry 2 270 173,616<br />
Commercial Masonry Rein<strong>for</strong>ced masonry 1 175 37,352<br />
Commercial Masonry Unrein<strong>for</strong>ced clay brick 1 2151 303,389<br />
Commercial Masonry Unrein<strong>for</strong>ced clay brick 2 97 35,452<br />
Commercial Masonry Unrein<strong>for</strong>ced, with rein<strong>for</strong>ced concrete floors 2 97 41,191<br />
Commercial Rein<strong>for</strong>ced Concrete Frame 1 451 105,211<br />
Commercial Rein<strong>for</strong>ced Concrete Frame 2 296 387,201<br />
Commercial Rein<strong>for</strong>ced Concrete Shear wall 1 77 12,214<br />
Commercial Rein<strong>for</strong>ced Concrete Shear wall 2 146 57,050<br />
Commercial Timber/Wood Open frame at grade 1 886 118,346<br />
Commercial Other Other 171 173,692<br />
Industrial Masonry Confined masonry 1 849 171,021<br />
Industrial Masonry Rein<strong>for</strong>ced masonry 1 849 181,263<br />
Industrial Rein<strong>for</strong>ced Concrete Frame 2 562 735,185<br />
Industrial Steel Braced frame 1 280 134,875<br />
Industrial Steel Braced frame 7 1 8,784<br />
Industrial Steel Light frame (transverse-frame; longitudinal-steel rod tension-only bracing) 1 562 762,777<br />
Industrial Steel Moment frame 1 280 58,204<br />
Industrial Steel Moment frame 2 280 48,667<br />
Mataram Commercial Masonry Confined masonry 1 4250 856,158<br />
Mataram Commercial Masonry Confined masonry 2 3612 2,322,726<br />
Mataram Commercial Masonry Confined masonry 3 195 461,887<br />
Mataram Commercial Masonry Unrein<strong>for</strong>ced clay brick 1 939 132,445<br />
Mataram Commercial Other Other 273 56,991<br />
Mataram Residential Masonry Confined masonry 1 25059 5,048,226<br />
Mataram Residential Masonry Confined masonry 2 9889 6,359,222<br />
Mataram Residential Masonry Confined masonry 3 1140 2,700,305<br />
Mataram Residential Masonry Unrein<strong>for</strong>ced clay brick 1 19807 2,793,956<br />
Mataram Residential Timber/Wood Shear Wall at Grade 1 845 72,913<br />
Mataram Residential Other Other 1087 490,425<br />
Port Masonry Confined masonry 1 31 6,244
Testing<br />
Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan<br />
ISTANBUL<br />
Pylos, Greece<br />
Port-au-Prince, Haiti<br />
Pisco, Peru<br />
Padang, Indonesia<br />
South Pacific<br />
Christchurch,<br />
New Zealand<br />
1&2: Tool Development & Beta testing (Inventory <strong>data</strong>): Bishkek; Padang; Pisco; Pylos;<br />
South Pacific.<br />
3. Beta testing (Damage <strong>data</strong>): Christchurch; Port-au-Prince.<br />
4. Demonstration: Istanbul
Key design concept – Crowdsourcing
Summary<br />
• EO <strong>data</strong> is a core resource <strong>for</strong> <strong>inventory</strong> capture<br />
– Calculation of total <strong>building</strong> area and total number of <strong>building</strong>s<br />
– Land use classification <strong>for</strong> mapping schemes<br />
• EO not in isolation - harnesses local knowledge, field surveys<br />
and engineering in<strong>for</strong>mation<br />
• GEM provides a standardized, open-source toolkit <strong>for</strong> seismic<br />
<strong>risk</strong> <strong>assessment</strong> worldwide<br />
• Tools available in January 2013 – Watch this space!
Thank You<br />
For more in<strong>for</strong>mation on IDCT, please contact:<br />
John Bevington: jb@imagecatinc.com
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