Price of Freedom: Americans at War - National Museum of American ...

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Section V: Cold War/Vietnam Title: Cuban Missile Crisis Grade Level: Advanced High School Objectives: Understand the Cuban missile crisis in October 1962. Understand how the United States and the Soviet Union came to the brink of nuclear war. National History Standards: Standard 1: Chronological Thinking; Standard 2: Historical Comprehension; Standard 3: Historical Analysis and Interpretation; Era 9:1B: Explain the causes and international and local consequences of major cold war crises like the Cuban missile crisis. Time: 90 minutes Background: Following World War II, an ideological, economic, and military rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union led to a global competition known as the cold war. In 1949, the cold war became a nuclear arms race when the Soviets detonated an atomic bomb. No longer was the United States the only nation in possession of nuclear weapons. In an understatement, a secret report prepared by the Pentagon noted: “The United States has lost its capability of making an effective atomic attack upon the war-making potential of the USSR without danger of retaliation in kind.” LESSON 12 In 1952, the United States exploded its first hydrogen bomb—a device 1,000 times more powerful than the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima; the Soviets followed in 1953. By the late 1950s, both the Soviet Union and the United States had targeted each other’s capitals and other major cities for nuclear attack. And both sides had developed rocket-launched nuclear warheads (ballistic missiles) that could not be intercepted and destroyed. As the two rivals raced to outmatch each other, their nuclear arsenals grew. In October of 1962, President John F. Kennedy learned that the Soviet Union was deploying nuclear missiles in Cuba, threatening the United States. He demanded that the missiles be withdrawn and indicated his willingness to risk nuclear war if they were not. U.S. ships blockaded Cuba. B-52 bombers loaded with nuclear weapons flew in holding patterns just beyond Soviet airspace, ready to attack. The United States and the Soviet Union stood on the brink of nuclear war. The crisis abated only when the Soviets agreed to remove the missiles and the United States quietly removed similar medium-range missiles from Turkey. The faceoff was a turning point in the cold war: the superpowers continued to develop nuclear weapons, but began to seek ways to avoid a nuclear exchange. 50 the price of freedom: americans at war cuban missile crisis
Missile site in Cuba Courtesy of John F. Kennedy Library “Within the past week, unmistakable evidence has established the fact that a series of offensive missile sites is now in preparation on that imprisoned island.” —President John F. Kennedy, address to the nation, October 22, 1962 cuban missile crisis the price of freedom: americans at war 51
Page 1: The Price of Freedom Americans at W
Page 4 and 5: Table of Contents Section I: War of
Page 6 and 7: Section I: War of Independence LESS
Page 8 and 9: LESSON 1 Materials: Illustrated map
Page 12 and 13: Who’s in Camp Militiamen were cit
Page 16 and 17: LESSON 3 George Washington’s camp
Page 18 and 19: Section II: Wars of Expansion LESSO
Page 20 and 21: Materials: DVD—first-person accou
Page 22 and 23: Section II: Wars of Expansion LESSO
Page 24 and 25: LESSON 5 “Look at me and look at
Page 26 and 27: Section III: Civil War Title: John
Page 28 and 29: LESSON 6 Slave family, about 1862 C
Page 30 and 31: Section III: Civil War Title: Women
Page 32 and 33: Women’s Role Vivandières (pronou
Page 34 and 35: Section III: Civil War Title: Compa
Page 36 and 37: Fiddle carried by Solomon Conn of t
Page 38 and 39: Section IV: World War II Title: Mob
Page 40 and 41: Materials: DVD—World War II Carto
Page 42 and 43: Section IV: World War II Title: Cha
Page 44 and 45: Materials: DVD—World War II Overv
Page 46 and 47: Section IV: World War II Title: Bat
Page 48 and 49: Materials: DVD—European Theater d
Page 52 and 53: Materials: Surveillance photographs
Page 54 and 55: Section V: Cold War/Vietnam Title:
Page 56 and 57: Materials: New York Times articles:
Page 58 and 59: Section V: Cold War/Vietnam Title:
Page 60 and 61: Materials: DVD first-person account
Page 62 and 63: Section VI: September 11 and Its Af
Page 64 and 65: Aftermath of the attack on the Pent
Page 66 and 67: Bibliography General Daso, Dik, ed.
Page 68: Department of Education and Public

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