Butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera: Macrolepidoptera) of Mesta ...

Historia naturalis bulgarica, 

18: 95-126, 2007 

Butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera: Macrolepidoptera) of Mesta Valley... 95 

Butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera: Macrolepidoptera) 

of Mesta Valley in SW Bulgaria 

Boyan ZLATKOV 

ZLATKOV B. 2007. Butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera: Macrolepidoptera) of Mesta 

Valley in SW Bulgaria. – Historia naturalis bulgarica, 18: 95-126. 

Abstract. Data about 483 species of Macrolepidoptera from the Mesta Valley (SW 

Bulgaria) are presented. Some of the established species – Cilix asiatica (O. Bang-Haas, 

1907), Trichiura verenae Witt, 1981, Tephronia sepiaria (Hufnagel, 1767) – are rare and locally 

distributed in Bulgaria. Herein Cilix asiatica is reported from Bulgaria for only the third time. 

Genitalia of Saturnia pavoniella, Noctua janthina and N. tertia are illustrated. 

Keywords: Lepidoptera, Macrolepidoptera, Mesta Valley, distribution 

Introduction 

The Macrolepidoptera are comparatively well studied in Bulgaria, and about 1600 species 

have been reported (Beshkov & Langourov, 2004). Although Mesta Valley (Fig. 1) 

is a distinct zoogeographical region (Hubenov, 1997) it has not previously been the focus 

of any special research. Moreover, the region is situated between two high mountains (Pirin 

and Rhodopes) and is subjected to a Mediterranean climatic influence. However, existing data 

about the group of Macrolepidoptera in the region of Mesta Valley were extremely poor prior 

to this study, with only 27 species (21 of which are butterflies) having been reported, mostly 

after 1964. Only a single species (Pontia edusa) had been reported before 1964 (Buresch & 

Tuleschkow, 1929). Gogov & Loukov (1964) reported 3 species and Karisch 

(1985) reported one species of moth, as well as 4 butterfly species. The remaining butterfly 

records were mentioned in Abadjiev (2001). 

Material and methods 

The present study was carried out during a period of 27 days and nights from March to 

November 2003 and from April to October 2004. Data for May and June 2003 and September 

2004 are lacking due to bad weather conditions at those times. Most of the material has been 

gathered from two localities – Gospodintsi Village and in the vicinity of Hadzhidimovo. Some

96 Boyan Zlatkov 

Fig. 1. Map of the region. The two main localities surveyed are marked by large black spots, 

whilst the smaller spots indicate other localities visited 

additional localities mentioned below were also visited. The butterflies and day-active moths 

were sampled using an entomological net. Most moths were collected by means of two methods 

– light trapping and sugaring. The first method involved the use of a 160 W HWL (MBTF) 

lamp and lasted up to 5 hours per night on average. The low budget of our project did not allow 

the use of a generator, hence the trap was usually situated near settlements in order to access 

a power supply by means of a 120 metre electric cable. For the sugaring method, a mixture of


red wine and sugar of equal volumes was prepared and used to moisten a 100 meter length of 

woollen thread. The latter was hung over the shrubby vegetation at a height of one metre. 

During the present study about 1400 specimens were collected and many others were observed. 

The extracted genitalia were embedded in glycerin or saturated saccharose solution 

and put in plastic containers attached to each specimen. For some specimens, investigation of 

everted vesica was necessary. The vesicae were prepared following the technique described by 

Fibiger (1997). After eversion the vesicae were transferred into glycerol or saturated saccharose 

solution. All collected specimens are preserved in the collection of Sofia University, 

Faculty of Biology. 

The systematics follows Karsholt & Razowski, 1996, with some modifications. 

In the text and in Table 1 localities are marked by numbers. 

Localities: 

1 – Mesta Village, N 41°45,7’ E 23°40,3’, 650 m 

2 – Gospodintsi Village, N 41°39,4’ E 23°43,6’, 600 m 

3 – Banichan Village, N 41°36,8’ E 23°44,2’, 560 m 

4 – Gotse Delchev Town, N 41°34,4’ E 23°43,1’, 600 m 

5 – Sveta Bogoroditsa Convent near Gotse Delchev Town, N 41°33,8’ E 23°42,4’, 700 m 

6 – Blatska Village, N 41°32,0’ E 23°52,6’, 580 m 

7 – Hadzhidimovo Town, N 41°30,6’, E 23°51,7’, 500 m 

8 – Hadzhidimovo Town, Sveti Georgi Monastery, N 41°30,6’ E 23° 51,0’, 560 m 

9 – Sveti Dimitar Chapel near Hadzhidimovo Town, N 41°30,5’ E 23°52,9’, 520 m 

10 – Petrelik Village, N 41°29,0’ E 23°52,1’, 560 m 

Results and discussion 

Species determined during the research are presented in Table 1. 

Notes to Table 1. 

1. Reported from Dobrinishte (ABADJIEV, 2001). 

2. Reported from Dobrinishte (Karisch, 1985). 

3. Reported from Gospodintsi Village (ABADJIEV, 2001). 

4. Reported from a cave near Gospodintsi Village (Beshkov, 1995). 

5. Reported from Gotse Delchev Town (ABADJIEV, 2001). 

6. Reported from Gotse Delchev Town (BURESH & TULESHKOV, 1929). 

7. Reported from Gotse Delchev Town (GOGOV & LOUKOV, 1964). 

8. Reported from Koprivlen Village (ABADJIEV, 2001). 

9. The specimen was found dead. 

10. Imago was not found. Many larvae were observed on Euphorbia sp. and two of them were 

preserved in alcohol. 

11. Observed caterpillar nests on Pinus nigra Arn. (marked by “L”). 

12. Det. S. Beshkov. 

Conservation status: 

13. IUCN: LR


14. IUCN: EN 

15. CORINE 

16. ESC Red List 

17. Bern Convention 

18. Habitats Directive 92/43 

19. Bulgarian Biodiversity Law 

20. Trichiura verenae Witt, 1981 

Material: (2), 29.09.2003, 1 ♂ at a lamp. 

Reported from a few localities in Bulgaria. Rare species. 

21. Saturnia pavoniella Scopoli, 1763 

Material: (4), 29.03.2003, 1 ♂ in the daytime; (9), 28.04.2003, 1 ♂ in the daytime and 1 ♀ at 

a lamp; (9), 17.04.2004, 1 ♀ at a lamp. 

For the Bulgarian fauna S. pavonia as well as S. ligurica Weismann, 1876 have been recorded 

but the latter is a junior synonym of S. pavoniella (Huemer & Nässig, 2003). These species 

can be differentiated with certainty by examination of the genitalia. In the investigated area 

only specimens of S. pavoniella were found (Fig. 2). Probably S. pavoniella is widely distributed in 

Bulgaria (all Bulgarian specimens I have seen belong to S. pavoniella – unpublished data), and S. 

pavonia does not occur in our country. This problem needs a special investigation. 

22. Mesta Valley is the third locality of this species in Bulgaria. Until now it was known from 

Svishtov (ZOLOTUHIN, 1999) and E Rhodopes Mt. (Beshkov & Langourov, 2004). 

Probably it is not so rare, but C. asiatica is similar to C. glaucata and misidentification is a possible 

reason for absence of more data. 

23. Rare species for the Bulgarian fauna, distributed along the Black Sea coast (Varna, Nesebar, 

Arkoutino), in Strandzha Mt., SW Bulgaria (Zemen Gorge, Pirin Mt., Kozhuh Hill, Belasitsa 

Mt.) (NESTOROVA, 1998). 

24. Protorhoe corollaria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1848) 

Material: (9), 16.05.2004, 1 ♂ at a lamp. 

Protorhoe corollaria is reported from very few localities in Bulgaria. This fact could be 

partially explained by the possibility of confusion with the similar P. unicata (Beshkov & 

Langourov, 2004), which is more common. Both species are very similar and for their 

correct identification genitalia examination is necessary. 

25. Abrostola agnorista Dufay, 1956 

Material: (2), 06.06.2004, 1 ♂ at a lamp (det. S. Beshkov). 

The species inhabits the warmest regions of the country – Strouma Valley, S Pirin Mt., Rhodopes 

Mts., Black Sea coast (Beshkov, 2000). 

26. Known from a few localities in S Bulgaria, Iskar Gorge and Reselets Vill. (BESHKOV, 

2000). Relatively rare.


T a b l e 1 

List of species 

Species 

Localities by months 

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov 

Hepialidae 

Triodia sylvina (Linnaeus, 1761) 2,9 

Psychidae 

Eochorica balcanica (Rebel, 1919) 2 

Rebelia perlucidella (Bruand, 1853) 8 2 12 

Limacodidae 

Apoda limacodes (Hufnagel, 1766) 2,9 9 

Zygaenidae 

Rhagades subsolana (Staudinger, 1862) 9 

Zygaena punctum Ochsenheimer, 1808 9 2 

Zygaena purpuralis (Brünnich, 1763) 2 

Zygaena carniolica (Scopoli, 1763) 2 

Zygaena ephialtes (Linnaeus, 1767) 7 

Zygaena filipendulae (Linnaeus, 1758) 2,9 7 

Sesiidae 

Chamaesphecia leucopsiformis (Esper, 1800) 9 

Cossidae 

Cossus cossus (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 2 

Dyspessa ulula (Borkhausen, 1790) 9 2 

Zeuzera pyrina (Linnaeus, 1761) 2 

Lasiocampidae 

Trichiura crataegi (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 9 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Trichiura verenae Witt, 1981 2 20 

Eriogaster lanestris (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 

Eriogaster rimicola ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Malacosoma neustria (Linnaeus, 1758) 2,9 

Lasiocampa trifolii ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2,9 

Macrothylacia rubi (Linnaeus, 1758) 6,8 10 

Dendrolimus pini (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 

Phyllodesma tremulifolia (Hübner, [1810]) 9 2,9 2 

Gastropacha quercifolia (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 9 

Odonestis pruni (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 2 

Saturniidae 

Saturnia pyri ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 10 14, 16 

Saturnia pavoniella Scopoli, 1763 4 9 21 

Saturnia spini ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 8 

Perisomena caecigena (Kupido, 1825) 2 2,9 18, 19 

Lemoniidae 

Lemonia balcanica (Herrich-Schäffer, 1847) 9 9 

Sphingidae 

Marumba quercus ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9,10 2 2 

Mimas tiliae (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 2 9 

Smerinthus ocellata (Linnaeus, 1758) 6 2 9 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Laothoe populi (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 2 2 

Agrius convolvuli (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 9 

Hyloicus pinastri (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 

Macroglossum stellatarum (Linnaeus, 1758) 2,9 1,2 

Hyles euphorbiae (Linnaeus, 1758) 7 9,10 9,2 9 2,9 

Deilephila porcellus (Linnaeus, 1758) 8 9 2,9 9 9 

Hesperiidae 

Erynnis tages (Linnaeus, 1758) 6,8 10 9 

Pyrgus sidae (Esper, [1784]) 2 

Pyrgus malvae (Linnaeus, 1758) 10 9 

Pyrgus cinarae (Rambur, [1839]) 8 

Pyrgus armoricanus (Oberthür, 1910) 8 

Hesperia comma (Linnaeus, 1758) 8 

Papilionidae 

Zerynthia cerisy (Godart, 1824) 2,9 

Iphiclides podalirius (Linnaeus, 1758) 6,9 10 9 9 2 

Pieridae 

Leptidea sinapis (Linnaeus, 1758) 6,9 7,9 7 9 

Leptidea duponcheli (Staudinger, 1871) 7 

Anthocharis cardamines (Linnaeus, 1758) 6 2 3 

Anthocharis gruneri Herrich-Schäffer, 1851 8 3 

Euchloe ausonia (Hübner, [1804]) 8 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Aporia crataegi (Linnaeus, 1758) 2,7 2 

Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758) 8 7 2,7 

Pieris rapae (Linnaeus, 1758) 6 2,7 2,7 2,7 2,7,9 2 

Pieris ergane (Geyer, [1828]) 9 15 

Pieris napi (Linnaeus, 1758) 2,4 8 9 7 2 1, 3 

Pontia edusa (Fabricius, 1777) (= daplidice auct.) 9 6 

Colias erate (Esper, 1805) 2,9 12 

Colias croceus (Fourcroy, 1785) 6,8,9 9 9 2,9 9 2,9 9 2 

Colias alfacariensis Ribbe, 1905 9 

Gonepteryx rhamni (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 8 

Lycaenidae 

Lycaena phlaeas (Linnaeus, 1761) 6,9 9,10 9 2 9 9 2,9 9 

Lycaena dispar ([Haworth], 1803) 9 

Lycaena tityrus (Poda, 1761) 8 9 9 9 

Lycaena alciphron (Rottemburg, 1775) 2 

Thecla betulae (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 2 

Neozephyrus quercus (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 2 

Callophrys rubi (Linnaeus, 1758) 6,7 2 3 

Satyrium spini ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 

Satyrium ilicis (Esper, [1779]) 9 

Satyrium acaciae (Fabricius, 1787) 2,9 

Leptotes pirithous (Linnaeus, 1767) 2 

Notes 

13, 

15-18


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Cupido minimus (Fuessly, 1775) 8 

Cupido argiades (Pallas, 1771) 9 

Celastrina argiolus (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 2 

Glaucopsyche alexis (Poda, 1761) 6 10 

Plebeius argus (Linnaeus, 1758) 10 2,9 7 

Plebeius idas (Linnaeus, 1761) 9 

Aricia agestis ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 6 9 9 2 

Polyommatus escheri (Hübner, [1823]) 8 

Polyommatus amandus (Schneider, 1792) 2 8 

Polyommatus thersites (Cantener, [1835]) 8 

Polyommatus icarus (Rottemburg, 1775) 6 10 2 9 9 2,9 2,9 

Polyommatus daphnis ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 9 

Polyommatus bellargus (Rottemburg, 1775) 9 9 9 

Polyommatus coridon (Poda, 1761) 7 2 

Nymphalidae 

Lybithea celtis (Laicharting, 1782) 2 9 2 

Argynnis paphia (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 2,9 15 

Issoria lathonia (Linnaeus, 1758) 4,8 9 

Brenthis daphne ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2,9 

Boloria dia (Linnaeus, 1767) 8 

Vanessa cardui (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 9 2,9 2 

Inachs io (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 9 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Polygonia c-album (Linnaeus, 1758) 4 2,9 9 

Araschnia levana (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 9 

Nymphalis polychloros (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 9 9 

Melitaea phoebe ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 

Melitaea trivia ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2,9 9 9 15 

Melitaea didyma (Esper, [1778]) 9 

Limenitis reducta Staudinger, 1901 2 2 

Apatura metis Freyer, 1829 2,9 15-18 

Pararge aegeria (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 2,9 2,9 2,9 

Lasiommata megera (Linnaeus, 1767) 6 2,9 2 2 9 

Lasiommata maera (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 2 1 

Coenonympha arcania (Linnaeus, 1761) 9 

Coenonympha pamphilus (Linnaeus, 1758) 6,9 10 2,9 9 2,9 9 9 

Pyronia tithonus (Linnaeus, 1767) 9 2 

Aphantopus hyperantus (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 

Maniola jurtina (Linnaeus, 1758) 2,9 2,9 9 9 

Hyponephele lycaon (Rottemburg, 1775) 1 

Melanargia galathea (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 1 1,5 

Hipparchia syriaca (Staudinger, 1871) 9 2 9 2 

Hipparchia semele (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 

Hipparchia statilinus (Hufnagel, 1766) 2,9 9 

Hipparchia fatua Freyer, [1844] 2 2 2 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Arethusana arethusa ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 2,9 1 

Brintesia circe (Fabricius, 1775) 9 

Drepanidae 

Thyatira batis (Linnaeus, 1758) 9,10 9 2,9 

Habrosyne pyritoides (Hufnagel, 1766) 6 9,10 2,9 2,9 1,2,9 9 

Tethea ocularis (Linnaeus, 1767) 2 

Cymatophorima diluta ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 2,9 

Polyploca ridens (Fabricius, 1787) 2 2 

Asphalia ruficollis ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2,5 9 

Watsonalla binaria (Hufnagel, 1767) 2,9 

Cilix glaucata (Scopoli, 1763) 8 9 2 

Cilix asiatica (O. Bang-Haas, 1907) 9 22 

Geometridae 

Archiearis notha (Hübner, 1803) 2 

Ligdia adustata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 10 

Heliomata glarearia ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 6 9 2,9 2 2,9 

Macaria alternata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 

Macaria artesiaria ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 7 

Chiasmia clathrata (Linnaeus, 1758) 2,9 2 

Opisthograptis luteolata (Linnaeus, 1758) 10 2 

Pseudopanthera macularia (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 

Ennomos erosaria ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2,9 2 2 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Selenia lunularia (Hübner, 1788) 6 9 9 2,9 

Crocallis elinguaria (Linnaeus, 1758) 1,9 9 

Colotois pennaria (Linnaeus, 1761) 2,9 

Apocheima hispidaria ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Apocheima pilosaria ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Lycia graecarius (Staudinger, 1861) 1 

Biston strataria (Hufnagel, 1767) 1,2,5 

Biston betularia (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 

Agriopis bajaria ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Agriopis aurantiaria (Hübner, 1799) 2 

Agriopis marginaria (Fabricius, 1776) 1,2,5 

Erannis defoliaria (Clerck, 1759) 9 

Synopsia sociaria (Hübner, [1799]) 2,9 

Peribatodes rhomboidaria ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2,9 2 2 2,9 

Peribatodes umbraria (Hübner, [1809]) 2 

Cleora cinctaria ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 

Hypomecis punctinalis (Scopoli, 1763) 9 2,9 

Ematurga atomaria (Linnaeus, 1758) 4 6 9,10 9 

Tephronia sepiaria (Hufnagel, 1767) 2 23 

Bupalus piniaria (Linnaeus, 1758) 2,9 

Cabera pusaria (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 

Cabera exanthemata (Scopoli, 1763) 9 9 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Theria rupicapraria ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Campaea margaritata (Linnaeus, 1767) 2 

Charissa obscurata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 16 

Charissa onustaria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1852) 9 2 

Charissa variegata (Duponchel, 1830) 2 

Siona lineata (Scopoli, 1763) 2 

Semiaspilates ochrearia (Rossi, 1794) 6 10 9 

Dyscia sicanaria (Oberthür, 1923) 9 9 

Perconia strigillaria (Hübner, 1787) 2 

Alsophila aescularia ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Pseudoterpna pruinata (Hufnagel, 1767) 9 

Comibaena bajularia ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2,9 

Antonechloris smaragdaria (Fabricius, 1787) 9,10 2,9 9 2,9 2 

Chlorissa viridata (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 2 2 

Chlorissa cloraria (Hübner, [1813]) 9 2,9 1,2,9 

Thalera fimbrialis (Scopoli, 1763) 2 

Hemistola chrysoprasaria (Esper, 1795) 9 

Eucrostes indigenata (Villers, 1789) 2,9 

Cyclophora annularia (Fabricius, 1775) 9 

Cyclophora puppillaria (Hübner, [1799]) 2 2 2 

Cyclophora ruficiliaria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855) 9 9 

Cyclophora porata (Linnaeus, 1767) 9 9 9 9 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Cyclophora punctaria (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 9 

Cyclophora suppunctaria (Zeller, 1847) 9 

Cyclophora linearia (Hübner, [1799]) 9 

Timandra comai A. Schmidt, 1931 2,9 1 

Scopula ornata (Scopoli, 1763) 9 9 2,10 

Scopula submutata (Treitschke, 1828) 2 

Scopula decorata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 2,9 2 2 2 

Scopula rubiginata (Hufnagel, 1767) 9 2 9 9 

Scopula marginepunctata (Goeze, 1781) 10 2 2 2,9 2 

Idaea rusticata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Idaea filicata (Hübner, [1799]) 9,10 2 

Idaea aversata (Linnaeus, 1758) 2,9 2 

Idaea degeneraria (Hübner, [1799]) 2 2 9 2,9 

Idaea straminata (Borkhausen, 1794) 2 2 9 

Idaea deversaria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1847) 2 

Rhodostrophia vibicaria (Clerck, 1759) 2 

Rhodostrophia tabidaria (Zeller, 1847) 2 

Rhodometra sacraria (Linnaeus, 1767) 9 

Lythria cruentaria (Hufnagel, 1767) 2 

Cataclysme riguata (Hübner, 1813) 8 9 2 

Scotopteryx vicinaria (Duponchel, 1830) 2 9 2,9 2 

Xanthorhoe ferrugata (Clerck, 1759) 8 10 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Xanthorhoe fluctuata (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 2 

Epirrhoe tristata (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 

Epirrhoe alternata (Müller, 1764) 6 1,2 2 

Epirrhoe galiata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Protorhoe unicata (Guenée, 1857) 2 24 

Protorhoe corollaria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1848) 9 24 

Costaconvexa polygrammata (Borkhausen, 1794) 8 9 

Camptogramma bilineata (Linnaeus, 1758) 7 7 9 

Anticlea badiata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2,5 

Anticlea derivata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 6 

Cosmorhoe ocellata (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 2 9 

Nebula salicata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 2,9 9 9 2 

Ecliptopera silaceata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 1 

Chloroclysta siterata (Hufnagel, 1767) 2 2 

Thera firmata (Hübner, 1822) 9 

Thera juniperata (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 

Colostygia pectinataria (Knoch, 1781) 9,10 

Horisme vitalbata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 2 1,2,9 

Horisme corticata (Treitschke, 1835) 6,9 2 1,2 9 

Horisme tersata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Melanthia procellata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 1 

Euphyia biangulata (Haworth, 1809) 2 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Euphyia unangulata (Haworth, 1809) 2 

Euphyia frustata (Treitschke, 1828) 2 

Operophtera fagata (Scharfenberg, 1805) 2 

Perizoma bifaciata (Haworth, 1809) 1,2 

Eupithecia pyreneata Mabille, 1871 2 12 

Eupithecia insigniata (Hübner, 1790) 5 

Eupithecia extraversaria Herrich-Schäffer, 1852 9 12 

Eupithecia centaureata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 

Eupithecia graphata (Treitschke, 1828) 9 12 

Eupithecia indigata (Hübner, 1813) 8 

Eupithecia ochridata Schütze & Pinker, 1968 9 9 12 

Eupithecia ericeata (Rambur, 1833) 9 

Gymnoscelis rufifasciata (Haworth, 1809) 2 2,9 

Aplocera plagiata (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 2 2 2 

Asthena albulata (Hufnagel, 1767) 9 9 9 9 

Minoa murinata (Scopoli, 1763) 6 10 2 

Lobophora halterata (Hufnagel, 1767) 8 

Notodontidae 

Thaumetopoea processionea (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 

Thaumetopoea pityocampa ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 4L 2,9 2 11 

Furcula bifida (Brahm, 1787) 2 

Dicranura ulmi ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 8 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Notodonta tritophus ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 2 

Notodonta ziczac (Linnaeus, 1758) 6,9 

Drymonia ruficornis (Hufnagel, 1766) 2 2,9 

Drymonia querna ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 7 

Pheosia tremula (Clerck, 1759) 6 10 9 2,9 

Pterostoma palpina (Clerck, 1759) 6 10 2,9 9 

Ptilophora plumigera ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 

Phalera bucephaloides (Ochsenheimer, 1810) 9 2,9 

Peridea anceps (Goeze, 1781) 8,9 

Stauropus fagi (Linnaeus, 1758) 2,9 9 2 2 

Harpyia milhauseri (Fabricius, 1775) 9 2 

Spatalia argentina ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 6 9 2,9 2 

Noctuidae 

Moma alpium (Osbeck, 1778) 2 

Acronicta psi (Linnaeus, 1758) 10 9 2 

Acronicta aceris (Linnaeus, 1758) 2,9 2 

Acronicta megacephala ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Acronicta euphorbiae ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 2 

Acronicta rumicis (Linnaeus, 1758) 5 2,8,9 9 

Craniophora ligustri ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 1,2 

Simyra nervosa ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 6 9 2 

Simyra dentinosa Freyer, 1839 9L 10 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Cryphia algae (Fabricius, 1775) 2 2,9 

Cryphia raptricula ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 

Cryphia amasina (Draudt, 1931) 9 

Idia calvaria ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 2 

Paracolax tristalis (Fabricius, 1794) 9 2 1 

Herminia tarsicrinalis (Knoch, 1782) 9 

Zanclognatha lunalis (Scopoli, 1763) 9 

Zanclognatha zelleralis (Wocke, 1850) 2 

Schrankia taenialis (Hübner, [1800-1809]) 2 

Catocala nupta (Linnaeus, 1767) 2,9 

Catocala elocata (Esper, [1787]) 2 

Catocala promissa ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 

Catocala nymphagoga (Esper, [1787]) 9 

Catocala hymenaea ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Catocala nymphaea (Esper, [1787]) 9 

Catocala eutychea (Treitschke, 1835) 9 

Minucia lunaris ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 9 

Dysgonia algira (Linnaeus, 1767) 2,9 2 2,9 

Prodotis stolida (Fabricius, 1775) 2,9 2,9 

Lygephila craccae ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 9 9 

Lygephila procax (Hübner, [1813]) 2 9 

Autophila dilucida (Hübner, [1808]) 1 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Autophila ligaminosa (Eversmann, 1851) 4 

Catephia alchymista ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 

Aedia leucomelas (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 

Euclidia glyphica (Linnaeus, 1758) 6,9 10 2,9 2 2 

Scoliopteryx libatrix (Linnaeus, 1758) 4 9 

Zekelita antiqualis (Hübner, [1813]) 9 2,9 2,9 2 9 

Hypena proboscidalis (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 9 9 

Hypena rostralis (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 2 2 

Phytometra viridaria (Clerck, 1759) 9 9 

Rivula sericealis (Scopoli, 1763) 10 2,9 9 2 

Eutelia adulatrix (Hübner, [1813]) 9 

Diachrysia chrysitis (Linnaeus, 1758) 10 2 2 1 2 

Diachrysia stenochrysis (Warren, 1913) 10 2 12 

Macdunnoughia confusa (Stephens, 1850) 2 9 9 9 

Autographa gamma (Linnaeus, 1758) 2,9 2 1,2 9 2 

Autographa jota (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 

Chrysodeixis chalcites (Esper, [1789]) 2 

Abrostola tripartita (Hufnagel, 1766) (= triplasia auct.) 2 2 2 

Abrostola triplasia (Linnaeus, 1758) (= trigemina auct.) 2 

Abrostola agnorista Dufay, 1956 2 12, 25 

Emmelia trabealis (Scopoli, 1763) 8 10 2,9 2,9 

Acontia lucida (Hufnagel, 1766) 9 2 2 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Protodeltote pygarga (Hufnagel, 1766) 9 

Calymma communimacula ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 9 

Eublemma amoena (Hübner, 1803) 9 

Eublemma purpurina ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Cucullia umbratica (Linnaeus, 1758) 9,10 9 2 

Cucullia tanaceti ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 12 

Shargacucullia blattariae (Esper, [1790]) 9 

Shargacucullia lanceolata (Villers, 1789) 2,9 12 

Shargacucullia lychnitis (Rambur, 1833) 9 

Shargacucullia verbasci (Linnaeus, 1758) 6,9 9 

Calocucullia celsiae (Herrich-Schäffer, 1850) 9 26 

Teinoptera olivina (Herrich-Schäffer, 1852) 9 2 

Amphipyra pyramidea (Linnaeus, 1758) 2,9 9 2 9 

Amphipyra livida ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 2 

Asteroscopus sphinx (Hufnagel, 1766) 9 

Lamprosticta culta ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Heliothis viriplaca (Hufnagel, 1766) 10 2,9 

Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner, [1808]) 9 9 9 

Pyrrhia umbra (Hufnagel, 1766) 9 9 

Chazaria incarnata (Freyer, 1838) 2 

Caradrina aspersa (Rambur, 1834) 9 2,9 12 

Caradrina clavipalpis (Scopoli, 1763) 2 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Hoplodrina blanda ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Hoplodrina ambigua ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 10 2,9 2 2 

Charanyca trigrammica (Hufnagel, 1766) 9,10 2 

Dypterygia scabriuscula (Linnaeus, 1758) 9,10 9 1,9 

Anthracia eriopoda (Herrich-Schäffer, [1851]) 9 

Polyphaenis viridis (Villers, 1789) 9 

Polyphaenis subsericata Herrich-Schäffer, [1861] 2,9 12 

Trachea atriplicis (Linnaeus, 1758) 8 10 2,9 2 9 

Phlogophora meticulosa (Linnaeus, 1758) 2,6 2 9 

Phlogophora scita (Hübner, 1790) 7 

Chloantha hyperici ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2,8,9 9,10 2 9 

Callopistria juventina (Stoll, 1782) 9 2,9 2 

Mesogona acetosellae ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 2,9 

Mesogona oxalina (Hübner, [1803]) 2 

Dicycla oo (Linnaeus, 1758) 2,9 

Cosmia diffinis (Linnaeus, 1767) 2 

Cosmia affinis (Linnaeus, 1767) 9 

Cosmia trapezina (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 9 

Xanthia aurago ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Xanthia sulphurago ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2,9 9 

Agrochola lychnidis ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 

Agrochola macilenta (Hübner, [1809]) 9 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Agrochola macilenta (Hübner, [1809]) 2 2 

Agrochola nitida ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2,9 2,9 

Agrochola helvola (Linnaeus, 1758) 2,9 

Agrochola humilis ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 9 

Agrochola litura (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 2 

Agrochola laevis (Hübner, [1803]) 9 

Eupsilia transversa (Hufnagel, 1766) 1,5 2 

Jodia croceago ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Conistra vaccinii (Linnaeus, 1761) 2 2,9 2,9 

Conistra rubiginea ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 1,5 2,6,8,9 2 

Conistra erythrocephala ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 1 2 

Episema glaucina (Esper, 1789) 9 

Episema tersa ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Aporophyla lutulenta ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 9 

Lithophane ornitopus (Hufnagel, 1766) 1,2 2,8,9 9 2 

Scotochrosta pulla ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 

Meganephria bimaculosa (Linnaeus, 1767) 2,9 9 

Allophyes oxyacanthae (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 2 

Valeria oleagina ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 1,2,5 

Griposia wegneri Kobes & Fibiger, 2003 9 9 

Dichonia convergens ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Dichonia aeruginea (Hübner, [1808]) 2 2,9 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Dryobotodes eremita (Fabricius, 1775) 2,9 

Dryobotodes servadeii Parenzan, 1982 9 27 

Dryobotodes carbonis (Wagner, 1931) 2 

Dryobotodes tenebrosa (Esper, [1789]) 2 

Antitype chi (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 2 

Ammoconia caecimacula ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 2,9 

Ammoconia senex (Geyer, [1828]) 2,9 

Polymixis rufocincta (Geyer, [1828]) 2 9 18 

Apamea monoglypha (Hufnagel, 1766) 2 2 9 2 12 

Apamea crenata (Hufnagel, 1766) 2 

Apamea sordens (Hufnagel, 1766) 10 

Oligia strigilis (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 

Luperina rubella (Duponchel, 1835) 9 

Gortyna flavago ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Hadula trifolii (Hufnagel, 1766) 6,8 9 

Lacanobia w-latinum (Hufnagel, 1766) 9,10 2,9 

Lacanobia oleracea (Linnaeus, 1758) 6 10 9 9 1,2,9 

Lacanobia suasa ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 6,8 

Hada plebeja (Linnaeus, 1761) 2 

Hecatera dysodea ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 

Hecatera bicolorata (Hufnagel, 1766) 9 

Hadena capsincola ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 12 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Hadena compta ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Hadena confusa (Hufnagel, 1766) 9 

Hadena magnolii (Boisduval, 1829) 9 2 

Hadena perplexa ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 

Hadena silenes (Hübner, [1822]) 2 

Sideridis rivularis (Fabricius, 1775) 10 2 2 

Colonsideridis turbida (Esper, [1790]) 10 

Mamestra brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758) 6 2 1 

Polia nebulosa (Hufnagel, 1766) 9 2 

Polia sagittigera (Hufnagel, 1766) 2 

Mythimna turca (Linnaeus, 1761) 2 

Mythimna conigera ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 9 

Mythimna ferrago (Fabricius, 1787) 9 2,9 2,9 

Mythimna albipuncta ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 9,10 2,9 2,9 2 9 9 

Mythimna vitellina (Hübner, [1808]) 9 2,9 2,9 9 

Mythimna l-album (Linnaeus, 1767) 2 

Mythimna sicula (Treitschke, 1835) 9 9,10 2,9 9 2,9 9 

Orthosia incerta (Hufnagel, 1766) 1,2,5 2 

Orthosia gothica (Linnaeus, 1758) 1,2,5 9 

Orthosia cruda ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 1,2 9 

Orthosia cerasi (Fabricius, 1775) 1 6,9 

Tholera decimalis (Poda, 1761) 9 2 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Axylia putris (Linnaeus, 1761) 8 9,10 2,9 2 2,9 

Ochropleura plecta (Linnaeus, 1761) 8 9,10 2,9 2,9 2,9 

Noctua pronuba Linnaeus, 1758 9 9 9 9 2,9 

Noctua orbona (Hufnagel, 1766) 2,9 

Noctua interposita (Hübner, 1790) 9 2 

Noctua comes Hübner, [1813] 9 9 

Noctua fimbriata (Schreber, 1759) 9 2 2,9 9 

Noctua tirrenica Biebinger, Speidel & Hanigk, 1983 9 9 

Noctua janthina ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 28 

Noctua tertia von Mentzer, Moberg & Fibiger, 1991 9 2,9 2 29 

Rhyacia simulans (Hufnagel, 1766) 9 12 

Xestia c-nigrum (Linnaeus, 1758) 10 2,9 2 2,9 

Xestia rhomboidea (Esper, 1790) 9 2 

Xestia castanea (Esper, [1798]) 2 2,9 

Cerastis rubricosa ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2,5 

Euxoa distinguenda (Lederer, 1857) 9 

Euxoa temera (Hübner, [1808]) 9 

Euxoa obelisca ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Euxoa conspicua (Hübner, 1824) 2 12 

Yigoga nigrescens (Hofner, 1888) 2,9 2 

Agrotis crassa (Hübner, [1803]) 9 

Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel, 1766) 2 2 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Agrotis trux (Hübner, [1824]) 2 2 

Agrotis exclamationis (Linnaeus, 1758) 9,10 2,9 2,9 1,2,9 

Agrotis clavis (Hufnagel, 1766) 2 

Agrotis segetum ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Agrotis cinerea ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 2 

Colocasia coryli (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 2,6,8,9 9 9 2,9 

Lymantriidae 

Lymantria dispar (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 2,9 2 

Ocneria rubea ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 

Calliteara pudibunda (Linnaeus, 1758) 9,10 

Euproctis chrysorrhoea (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 

Pentophera morio (Linnaeus, 1767) 9 

Leucoma salicis (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 1 

Arctornis l-nigrum (Müller, 1764) 9 2,9 

Nolidae 

Meganola strigula ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 12 

Meganola albula ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9 

Nola cicatricalis (Treitschke, 1835) 8,9 

Nola subchlamydula Staudinger, 1871 2 

Nola chlamitulalis (Hübner, [1813]) 2 

Nycteola revayana (Scopoli, 1772) 2 

Nycteola asiatica (Krulikovsky, 1904) 2 

Notes


T a b l e 1 

Continued 

Species 



Bena bicolorana (Fuessly, 1775) 9 2 

Arctiidae 

Miltochrista miniata (Forster, 1771) 9 2,9 1,2,9 

Pelosia muscerda (Hufnagel, 1766) 9 

Lithosia quadra (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 2 

Eilema complana (Linnaeus, 1758) 9 

Eilema pseudocomplana (Daniel, 1939) 2 

Eilema caniola (Hübner, [1808]) 2 9 2 

Eilema sororcula (Hufnagel, 1766) 8 9,10 2 

Syntomis phegea (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 

Syntomis kruegeri (Ragusa, 1904) 2 

Dysauxes ancilla (Linnaeus, 1767) 1 

Dysauxes famula (Freyer, 1836) 1,2 9 

Spiris striata (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 

Phragmatobia fuliginosa (Linnaeus, 1758) 8 8,9 2,9 2,9 

Phragmatobia luctifera ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) 9,10 

Spilosoma lutea (Hufnagel, 1766) 10 9 2,9 

Spilosoma lubricipeda (Linnaeus, 1758) 8 9,10 2,9 9 

Spilosoma urticae (Esper, 1789) 9 12 

Diacrisia sannio (Linnaeus, 1758) 3 

Arctia villica (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 9,10 2,9 

Euplagia quadripunctaria (Poda, 1761) 1,2,9 18 

Notes


27. Dryobotodes servadeii Parenzan, 

1982 

Material: (9), 28.09.2003, 2 ♂♂ at a 

lamp. 

This species has hitherto been positively 

identified from three localities in 

Bulgaria – Zemen and Kresna Gorges and 

S Pirin Mt. (Beshkov, 2000). Probably 

it is not so rare, but it is almost impossible 

to distinguish it from other species which 

are more common. 

Fig. 2. Male genitalia of Saturnia pavoniella, Blatska 

Village, 28.04.2003 

28. Noctua janthina ([Denis & 

Schiffermüller], 1775) 

Material: (2), 21.08.2004, 1 ♂ at a lamp (Fig. 3). 

Very similar to N. tertia. The specimen is in bad condition, so its taxonomic position is 

doubtful. Also the vesica was perforated and investigation of its structure was impossible. See 

also Note 29. 

29. Noctua tertia von Mentzer, Moberg & Fibiger, 1991 

Material: (2), 29.09.2003, 1 ♀; 22.07.2004, 1 ♀; (9), 19.06.2004, 1 ♀; 21.07.2004, 1 ♂, all at 

a lamp. 

This species is closely related to N. janthina. According to Mentzer et al. (1991) females 

of both species could be differentiated by some details in the structure of the bursa copulatrix, 

and the males by the same in the vesica. All of the structural details mentioned in the study of 

Mentzer et al. (1991) are actually highly dependent on the value of blowing with alcohol, 

i.e. they significantly vary. The authors Mentzer et al. (1991) also mention differences in the 

coloration between the two species. Considering the great variability in the coloration of the 

moths and especially the genus Noctua, as well as the unreliable differences in the genitalia of 

the two species, the correct identification of both N. tertia and N. janthina sometimes is problematic. 

The collected specimens correspond externally to N. tertia. However, the genitalia of one 

female specimen (Figs. 5, 10) are almost identical with the picture of female genitalia of N. 

janthina (in Mentzer et al. 1991, Fig. 17). The collected specimens and their genitalia are 

illustrated in Figs. 3-12. 

Conclusions 

As a result of the research conducted in the Mesta Valley, 483 species of Macrolepidoptera 

were determined. Of them 456 are new for the investigated area. Some species, which are 

rare and locally distributed in Bulgaria (Cilix asiatica, Apamea syriaca, Trichiura verenae, Tephronia 

sepiaria), were collected. Others, Dryobotodes servadeii and Protorhoe corollaria, are known from only 

a few localities in the country but they are probably not rare. Their misidentification is a possible 

reason for the inadequate data (Beshkov, 2000).


Figs. 3-7. Noctua spp. 3. N. () janthina ♂, Gospodintsi Village, 21.08.2004. 4-7. N. () tertia: 4. 

♂, Sveti Dimitar Chapel, 21.07.2004. 5. ♀, Gospodintsi Village, 22.07.2004. 6. ♀, Sveti Dimitar 

Chapel, 19.06.2004. 7. ♀, Gospodintsi Village, 29.09.2003 

Figs. 8-9. N. () tertia, everted vesica of specimen Fig. 4. 8. Dorsal view. 9. Ventral view 

Fig. 13 presents the species number recorded in each month. June and August were the 

months when the most species were recorded over the study period. Compared to other similar 

investigations (Beshkov, unpublished) this diagram shows some differences. Usually the 

greatest number of species is recorded in August followed by September and July. The wet 

weather as well as insufficient data could be possible reasons for this pattern of distribution 

during the year. 

Eleven of the recorded species are included in nature conservation documents. 

The lepidopterous fauna of Mesta Valley is comparatively rich and complex. Many 

submediterranеan and pontomediterranеan species (Eochorica balcanica, Rhagades subsolana, Trichiura 

verenae, Pyrgus sidae, Anthocharis gruneri, Charissa onustaria, Cryphia amasina, Anthracia eriopoda, 

Dysauxes famula, etc.) were found. However, some typical mountainous representatives were 

recorded in the region (Hesperia comma, Colostygia pectinataria, Autographa jota, Phlogophora scita, 

Apamea crenata, Hada plebeja, etc.). A number of Submediterranean species (for example Erynnis 

marloyi (Boisduval, 1834), Tarucus balcanicus (Freyer, 1844), Pseudochazara anthelea (Hübner, 1824), 

Pyrrhia victorina (Sodoffsky, 1849), Janthinea friwaldskii (Duponchel, 1835), Agriopis beshkovi Ganev, 

1987, Peribatodes correptaria (Zeller, 1847) occurring in Strouma Valley were not found to exist 

here. This could be explained by the relatively cold climate and higher altitude of the Mesta


Figs. 10-12. N. () tertia, female genitalia of specimens figs. 5-7 

200 

196 

180 

160 

140 

132 

163 

120 

100 

80 

99 99 

92 

84 

60 

40 

20 

38 

19 

0 

Mar 

Apr 

May 

Jun 

Jul 

Aug 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Fig. 13. Distribution of species number in the year during the study period 

Valley region. Of course, the fauna of moths and butterflies is still insufficiently studied and 

the eventual discovery of other rare and faunistically interesting species is possible. An intensive 

research of Mesta Valley might increase the total number of Macrolepidoptera species to about 

520-550 or even more.


Acknowledgements 

I would like to thank to Dr. S. Beshkov for determining some Eupithecia and Cucullia species, 

as well as for the constructive advice on the manuscript, and to Prof. Wilfred Powel, UK for 

the linguistic corrections. 

References 

Abadjiev S. 2001. An Atlas of the Distribution of the Butterflies in Bulgaria (Lepidoptera: 

Hesperioidea & Papilionoidea. – Zoogeographica Balcanica, Pensoft, Sofia-Moscow, 1: 335 pp. 

Beshkov S. 1995. A contribution to the knowledge of the Bulgarian Lepidoptera fauna (Lepidoptera: 

Macrolepidoptera). – Phegea, 23 (4): 207. 

Beshkov S. 2000. An Annotated Systematic and Synonymic Check List of the Noctuidae of 

Bulgaria (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). – Neue Entomol. Nachr., 49: 300 pp. 

Beshkov S., Langourov M. 2004. Butterflies and Moths (Insecta: Lepidoptera) of the 

Bulgarian part of Eastern Rhodopes. – In: Beron P., Popov A. (eds). Biodiversity of Bulgaria. 

2. Biodiversity of Eastern Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece). Pensoft & Nat. Mus. Natur. Hist., 

Sofia, 525-676. 

Buresch I., Tuleschkow K. 1929. Die horizontale Verbreitung der Schmetterlinge 

(Lepidoptera) in Bulgarien. I. Rhopalocera. – Mitt. Kgl. Naturwiss. Inst. Sofia, 2: 145-250. (In 

Bulgarian). 

Fibiger M. 1997. Noctuinae III. – In: Noctuidae Europeae. Volume 3. Entomological Press, 

Sorø, 418 pp. 

Gogov D., Loukov H. 1964. Certain new and rare species of Butterflies (Lepidoptera) for the 

fauna of Bulgaria. – Bull. Inst. Zool. Mus., 16: 151-155. (In Bulgarian with English summary). 

HUBENOV Z. 1997. Possibilities for Using of a System from the Really Defined Natural Territories 

for the Faunistic Researches in Bulgaria. – Acta zool. bulg., 49: 5-9. 

Huemer P., Nässig W. 2003. Der Pfauenspinner Saturnia pavoniella (Scopoli, 1763) sp. rev. im 

Gebiet der Ostalpen (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). – Entomol. Ztschr., Stuttgart 113 (6): 180-190. 

Karrisch T. 1985. Ergebnisse einer ichthyologisch/entomologischen Sammelreise nach Südbulgarien. 

– Atalanta, 16 (1): 87-88. 

Karsholt O., Razowski J. (eds). 1996. The Lepidoptera of Europe. A Distributional Checklist, 

Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 380 pp. 

Mentzer E. von, Moberg A., Fibiger M. 1991. Noctua janthina ([Denis & Schiffermüller]) 

sensu auctorum a complex of three species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). – Nota lepid. 14 (1): 25-40. 

Nestorova E. 1998. Catalogus faunae bulgaricae 2. Lepidoptera, Geometridae. Pensoft publishers, 

Sofia – Moscow, 193 + VII pp. 

ZOLOTUHIN V. 1999. Cilix asiatica O. Bang-Haas, 1907 new for Europe. – Atalanta, 29 (1/4): 

285-287. 

Received: 15.01.2007


Boyan Zlatkov 

Sofia University 

Faculty of Biology 

Department of Zoology and Anthropology 

Dragan Tsankov Blvd. 8 

1164 Sofia, Bulgaria 

E-mail: bzlatkov@gmail.com 

Дневни и нощни пеперуди (Lepidoptera: Macrolepidoptera) 

на Местенската долина в Югозападна България 

Боян ЗЛАТКОВ 

( Р е з ю м е ) 

До момента на настоящото проучване данните за пеперудната фауна на Местенската 

долина бяха изключително оскъдни. Установените за района видове бяха едва 27, повечето 

от които (21 вида) дневни пеперуди. След провеждане на изследването броят им 

нарасна на 483, като 456 вида са нови за района. Събирането на материал е извършено 

по стандартните методи – сбор с ентомологичен сак, чрез светлинна ловилка и чрез 

хранителни примамки. Изолираните генитални арматури са включени в глицерол или 

наситен разтвор на захароза, поставени в пластмасов контейнер, и са прикрепени към 

съответния екземпляр. Дадени са илюстрации на генитални арматури на Saturnia pavoniella 

и Noctua tertia. При проучването бяха установени някои редки и интересни във фаунистично 

отношение видове – Cilix asiatica, Trichiura verenae, Tephronia sepiaria, Dryobotodes servadeii 

и Protorhoe corollaria, като за първия Местенската долина е трето находище в България. 

Единадесет от видовете са с консервационна значимост.

Butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera: Macrolepidoptera) of Mesta ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?