BIODIVERSITY OF CROATIA

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Leopard snake (Elaphe situla) lives in the coastal part of Croatia (photo: M. Mrakov~i}) Twenty species of amphibians, including 8 endemics, have been recorded in Croatia. When considering amphibian fauna, the western part of the Pannonian lowland is the richest area of the country. Nine amphibian species are listed in the Croatian Red List. Four are threatened at the national level, while the olm (Proteus Categories of threat of Reptiles Sharp-snouted Rock Lizard (Lacerta oxycephala) is an endemic species of the East Adriatic (photo: SINP) anguinus), an endemic species of Dinaric karst, is threatened at the global level. The most common cause of threat to amphibians is habitat degradation or fragmentation. All amphibian species are protected under the Nature Protection Act. Categories of threat of Amphibians Hermann’s tortoise (Testudo hermanni), although strictly protected, is threatened by collecting for illegal trade (photo: SINP) Common toad (Bufo bufo) hidden in the bog moss of the Blatu{a bog (photo: SINP) 13
FRESHWATER FISH With 151 freshwater fish species in the rivers and lakes, 18 of which are Croatian karst endemics, Croatia is one of the most diverse countries in Europe in terms of ichthyology. This species diversity is the result of the country’s geographic position, covering two drainage basins (Adriatic and Black Sea) and the presence of distinct karst habitats. The Black Sea (Danube) Basin (covering 62% of the territory) is inhabited by 81 fish species, while the number of species in the Adriatic Basin (covering only 38% of the territory) is as high as 88 species. Endemic Croatian freshwater fishes Visovac trout (Salmo visovacensis) Adriatic salmon (Salmothymus obtusirostris krkensis) Solin salmon (Salmothymus obtusirostris salonitana) Croatian dace (Telestes polylepis) Ukliva dace (Squalius ukliva) Zrmanja dace (Leuciscus zrmanjae) Dalmatian minnow (Phoxinellus dalmaticus) European mudminnow (Umbra krameri) is NATURA 2000 species; it lives in oxbows along the large lowland rivers (photo: P. Mustafi}) Share of individual threat categories in the total number of threatened taxa of freshwater fish Cave minnow (Phoxinellus fontinalis) Croatian minnow (Phoxinellus croaticus) Jadova Minnow (Phoxinellus jadovensis) Krbava Minnow (Phoxinellus krbavensis) Dalmatian spined loach (Cobitis dalmatina) Neretvan spined loach (Cobitis narentana) Vrgorac goby (Knipowitschia croatica) Mrakov~i}’s goby (Knipowitschia mrakovcici) Radovi}’s goby (Knipowitschia radovici) Dalamtian rudd (Scardinius dergle) Basak (Rutilus basak) Dalmatian minnow (Phoxinellus dalmaticus) - minnows inhabit underground watercourses (photo: P. Mustafi}) Mrakov~i}’s goby (Knipowitchia mrakovcici) is one of recently discovered species in Croatian rivers that is new for the science (photo: P. Mustafi}) 14
Page 1 and 2: STATE INSTITUTE FOR NATURE PROTECTI
Page 3 and 4: Biodiversity of Croatia Published b
Page 5 and 6: WILD & DOMESTICATED TAXA 4
Page 7 and 8: Total no. of known taxa No. of ende
Page 9 and 10: No. of endemic taxa in main groups
Page 11 and 12: ANIMALS MAMMALS With 101 mammal spe
Page 13: Unfortunately, almost half of the b
Page 17 and 18: INVERTEBRATES To date, 15,474 taxa
Page 19 and 20: INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES Like other E
Page 21 and 22: are more resistant to disease and o
Page 23 and 24: HABITATS
Page 25 and 26: National habitat classification of
Page 27 and 28: Wetland complexes Large wetland are
Page 29 and 30: BOG C. GRASSLANDS, BOGS, FENS AND T
Page 31 and 32: SCRUB HABITATS D. SCRUB HABITATS Th
Page 33 and 34: Almost all Croatian forest habitat
Page 35 and 36: HABITATS G. MARINE HABITATS These a
Page 37 and 38: IMPORTANT SITES
Page 39 and 40: National Park Northern Velebit (pho
Page 41 and 42: • all special reserves, existing
Page 43 and 44: NATURA 2000 habitat types represent

BIODIVERSITY OF CROATIA

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