Grundlagen der IBM Mainframe Architektur - Universität Duisburg ...
Grundlagen der IBM Mainframe Architektur - Universität Duisburg ...
Grundlagen der IBM Mainframe Architektur - Universität Duisburg ...
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NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
<strong>Grundlagen</strong> <strong>der</strong><br />
<strong>IBM</strong> <strong>Mainframe</strong> <strong>Architektur</strong><br />
Mai 2007<br />
Klaus-Dieter Müller<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Lab Böblingen<br />
kmuller@de.ibm.com<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
Trademarks<br />
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
The following are trademarks of the International Business Machines Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.<br />
APPN*<br />
CICS*<br />
DB2*<br />
DB2 Connect<br />
e-business on demand<br />
e-business logo*<br />
Enterprise Storage Server<br />
ESCON*<br />
FICON<br />
FICON Express<br />
GDPS*<br />
Geographically Dispersed Parallel<br />
Sysplex<br />
HiperSockets<br />
<strong>IBM</strong>*<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> eServer<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> logo<br />
IMS<br />
iSeries<br />
Multiprise*<br />
NetView*<br />
OS/2*<br />
OS/390*<br />
Parallel Sysplex*<br />
PR/SM<br />
Processor Resource/Systems<br />
Manager<br />
pSeries<br />
The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of other companies.<br />
Resource Link<br />
S/390*<br />
S/390 Parallel Enterprise Server<br />
Sysplex Timer*<br />
TotalStorage<br />
VM/ESA*<br />
VSE/ESA<br />
WebSphere*<br />
z/Architecture<br />
z/OS*<br />
z/VM*<br />
zSeries*<br />
* Registered trademarks of <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation<br />
Java and all Java-related trademarks and logos are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc., in the United States and other countries.<br />
UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries.<br />
Microsoft, Windows and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.<br />
SET and Secure Electronic Transaction are trademarks owned by SET Secure Electronic Transaction LLC.<br />
* All other products may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.<br />
Notes:<br />
Performance is in Internal Throughput Rate (ITR) ratio based on measurements and projections using standard <strong>IBM</strong> benchmarks in a controlled environment. The actual throughput<br />
that any user will experience will vary depending upon consi<strong>der</strong>ations such as the amount of multiprogramming in the user's job stream, the I/O configuration, the storage<br />
configuration, and the workload processed. Therefore, no assurance can be given that an individual user will achieve throughput improvements equivalent to the performance<br />
ratios stated here.<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> hardware products are manufactured from new parts, or new and serviceable used parts. Regardless, our warranty terms apply.<br />
All customer examples cited or described in this presentation are presented as illustrations of the manner in which some customers have used <strong>IBM</strong> products and the results they<br />
may have achieved. Actual environmental costs and performance characteristics will vary depending on individual customer configurations and conditions.<br />
This publication was produced in the United States. <strong>IBM</strong> may not offer the products, services or features discussed in this document in other countries, and the information may be<br />
subject to change without notice. Consult your local <strong>IBM</strong> business contact for information on the product or services available in your area.<br />
All statements regarding <strong>IBM</strong>'s future direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only.<br />
Information about non-<strong>IBM</strong> products is obtained from the manufacturers of those products or their published announcements. <strong>IBM</strong> has not tested those products and cannot confirm<br />
the performance, compatibility, or any other claims related to non-<strong>IBM</strong> products. Questions on the capabilities of non-<strong>IBM</strong> products should be addressed to the suppliers of those<br />
products.<br />
Prices subject to change without notice. Contact your <strong>IBM</strong> representative or Business Partner for the most current pricing in your geography.<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
Agenda<br />
NB<br />
T<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Einführung<br />
Entwicklung in <strong>der</strong> <strong>IBM</strong><br />
Die <strong>IBM</strong> Server Familien<br />
Vom System/360 zur z-<strong>Architektur</strong><br />
Überblick<br />
System z <strong>Architektur</strong><br />
Die aktuellen <strong>Mainframe</strong>s<br />
Strukturen - Funktionalität<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
Boul<strong>der</strong><br />
San Jose<br />
▲ Almaden<br />
Santa Teresa<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Forschungs- und Entwicklungszentren<br />
▲ Yorktown Heights<br />
Toronto<br />
Hursley<br />
Rochester<br />
Tucson<br />
▲Austin<br />
▲ Forschung<br />
Hardware Entwicklung<br />
Software Entwicklung<br />
Hardware und Software Entwicklung<br />
Dublin<br />
Paris<br />
▲ Zurich<br />
Burlington<br />
Endicott<br />
East Fishkill<br />
Poughkeepsie<br />
Raleigh<br />
Rom<br />
Greenock<br />
Boeblingen<br />
Krakow<br />
Moscow<br />
▲Haifa<br />
Bangalore<br />
Pune<br />
▲Delhi<br />
Perth<br />
▲ Beijing<br />
Fujisawa<br />
▲ Tokio<br />
Yasu<br />
Yamato<br />
Shanghai<br />
Taipei<br />
Sydney<br />
Gold Coast<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Deutschland Entwicklung<br />
Mit mehr als 2.200 Mitarbeitern ist Böblingen eines <strong>der</strong><br />
größten <strong>IBM</strong> Entwicklungszentren außerhalb <strong>der</strong> USA.<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
System Hardware<br />
• System Platform<br />
Techn. & Strategy<br />
• Server / OEM<br />
Microprocessor<br />
• Server System HW<br />
• Embedded Service<br />
Controllers<br />
• Simulation of<br />
Systems<br />
• ASIC Design Center<br />
• Cell & Power Blades<br />
System z Firmware<br />
• Host Firmware<br />
• IO Firmware<br />
• System Control &<br />
Support<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Deutschland Entwicklung Portfolio<br />
On Demand Computing<br />
Support Center<br />
System Software<br />
• System z Linux &<br />
Virtualization<br />
• Linux Technology<br />
Center<br />
• Linux<br />
Systems<br />
Management<br />
• Linux on Cell<br />
• z/VSE<br />
• Storage Software<br />
• Technical<br />
Marketing<br />
Competence<br />
Center<br />
Engineering & Technology Services<br />
HPC Bluegene Cell<br />
Telematics<br />
EMEA Executive<br />
Briefing Center<br />
On Demand<br />
Operating<br />
Environment<br />
• VE / Systems<br />
Provisioning<br />
• <strong>IBM</strong> Dynamic<br />
Infrastructure<br />
• Systems Mgmt<br />
for z/OS<br />
• SAP on all<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems<br />
• Tivoli System<br />
Automation Suite<br />
• Tivoli Storage<br />
Mgr. Components<br />
Information<br />
Management<br />
• DB2 Tools<br />
- System z<br />
- distributed<br />
• DB2 for SAP<br />
• Information<br />
Integration<br />
- Search Technology<br />
• Content Mgmt.<br />
• Business<br />
Intelligence<br />
• ISV & SI Support<br />
Linux Center<br />
of Competence<br />
SWG Services<br />
WebSphere<br />
Solutions &<br />
Services<br />
• Portal Server<br />
• Business Process<br />
Solutions<br />
• BI for Financial<br />
Networks<br />
• Lab based<br />
Services<br />
• Pervasive<br />
Computing<br />
• Voice Technology<br />
• Sensors &<br />
Actuators (RFID)<br />
Grid Customer<br />
Support Center<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
System Hardware<br />
• System Platform<br />
Techn. & Strategy<br />
• Server / OEM<br />
Microprocessor<br />
• Server System HW<br />
• Embedded Service<br />
Controllers<br />
• Simulation of<br />
Systems<br />
<strong>IBM</strong><br />
Dynamic<br />
Infrastructure<br />
• ASIC Design Center<br />
• Cell & Power Blades<br />
• STI<br />
System z Firmware<br />
• Host Firmware<br />
• IO Firmware<br />
• System Control &<br />
Support<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Deutschland Entwicklung Portfolio<br />
On Demand Computing<br />
Support Center cell<br />
System Software<br />
• System z Linux &<br />
Virtualization<br />
WebSphere<br />
Portal<br />
• Linux Technology<br />
Center<br />
• Linux<br />
Systems<br />
Management<br />
• Linux on Cell<br />
• z/VSE<br />
• Storage Software<br />
• Technical<br />
Marketing<br />
Competence<br />
Center<br />
Engineering & Technology Services<br />
HPC Bluegene Cell<br />
Telematics Blades<br />
on p and<br />
EMEA Executive<br />
Briefing Center<br />
On Demand<br />
Operating<br />
Environment<br />
• VE / Systems<br />
Provisioning<br />
• <strong>IBM</strong> Dynamic<br />
Infrastructure<br />
• Tivoli System<br />
Automation Suite<br />
• Tivoli Storage<br />
Mgr. Components<br />
Information<br />
Management<br />
UIMA<br />
Search<br />
• DB2 Tools<br />
- System z<br />
- distributed<br />
• DB2 for SAP<br />
• Information<br />
Innovation<br />
• Systems Mgmt<br />
Integration<br />
for z/OS<br />
- Search Technology<br />
• SAP on all<br />
• Content Mgmt.<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems aus dem • Business<br />
Intelligence<br />
Böblingen Lab<br />
CELL<br />
WebSphere<br />
Process<br />
• ISV & SI Support<br />
CMOS<br />
Linux Center<br />
of Competence<br />
SWG Services<br />
WebSphere<br />
Solutions &<br />
Services<br />
• Portal Server<br />
• Business Process<br />
Solutions<br />
• BI for Financial<br />
Networks<br />
• Lab based<br />
Services<br />
Telematics<br />
• Pervasive<br />
Computing<br />
• Voice Technology<br />
• Sensors &<br />
Actuators (RFID)<br />
Linux<br />
on z<br />
Grid Customer<br />
Support Center<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
180<br />
160<br />
140<br />
120<br />
100<br />
80<br />
60<br />
40<br />
20<br />
0<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
75<br />
Innovation und Erfindungen in Böblingen<br />
0<br />
36<br />
67<br />
0<br />
43<br />
Invention Disclosures Filed Patents Externally tracked<br />
120<br />
0<br />
63<br />
157<br />
5<br />
181 182<br />
8<br />
9<br />
86 82 79<br />
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005<br />
118<br />
6<br />
61<br />
123<br />
40<br />
66<br />
114<br />
44<br />
47<br />
172<br />
75<br />
77<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
<strong>Universität</strong>sbeziehungen – Partner <strong>Universität</strong>en<br />
Humboldt-<strong>Universität</strong> zu Berlin<br />
<strong>Universität</strong> Stuttgart<br />
U N I V E R S I T Ä T<br />
H A M B U R G<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
M.S.<br />
41,1%<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Ausbildung<br />
PhD<br />
9,7%<br />
Junior High School<br />
10,8%<br />
B.S.<br />
34,7%<br />
General<br />
Engineering<br />
3,7%<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Computer Science<br />
40%<br />
Profession<br />
Mathematics<br />
7%<br />
Physics<br />
6%<br />
Misc<br />
18%<br />
Engineering<br />
29%<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Software-<br />
Developer 57,0 %<br />
Jobs<br />
Manager<br />
8,5 % Personal, Finance<br />
+ Controlling<br />
3,1 %<br />
Technician<br />
2,3 %<br />
Hardware-&<br />
Firmware-<br />
Developer<br />
29,1 %<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
400<br />
350<br />
300<br />
250<br />
200<br />
150<br />
100<br />
50<br />
0<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
43<br />
197<br />
Studenten @ <strong>IBM</strong> Lab Böblingen<br />
65<br />
208<br />
71<br />
245<br />
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005<br />
63<br />
212<br />
45<br />
259<br />
49<br />
307<br />
Frauen<br />
Männer<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Die <strong>IBM</strong> ServerFamilien<br />
System z<br />
S/390 (Zero-Downtime)<br />
System p<br />
RS/6000 (Performance)<br />
System i<br />
AS/400 (Integration)<br />
System x<br />
Intel-Server (Enterprise X-Architecture)<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Blades<br />
ƒintel-basierend (HS21)<br />
ƒAMD-basierend (LS21)<br />
ƒPPC970 basierend (JS21)<br />
ƒCell basierend (QS20)<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Von 'System/360' (S/360) zu ESA/390 und z/-<strong>Architektur</strong><br />
� 1964 S/360<br />
– CISC, 24bit Adressierung, 'Real Storage', Uniprozessoren<br />
– Amdahl, G.M., Blaauw, G.A., and Brooks, F.P.: Architecture of the <strong>IBM</strong> System/360<br />
� 1971 S/370<br />
– 'Virtual Storage', Multiprozessor-Unterstützung, ...<br />
� 1981 S/370 XA (Extended Architecture)<br />
– 31bit Adressierung (2GB), 'Expanded Storage' (>2GB), 'Channel Subsystem'<br />
– 'Interpretive Execution': Basis für Logische Partitionierung ('LPAR')<br />
� 1988 ESA/370<br />
– ESA = Enterprise Systems Architecture, Logische Partitionierung<br />
– Ausbau <strong>der</strong> Speicher-Zugriffsmethoden: Mehr als ein 'address space‘<br />
� 1990 ESA/390<br />
– 'ESCON' (Enterprise Systems Connection Architecture) Glasfasertechnologie ...<br />
– Datenkompression, Kryptographie, LPAR Erweiterungen<br />
� 1994 Parallel Sysplex, Übergang von Bipolar zu CMOS Technologie<br />
– 'Coupling Facility', Cluster von bis zu 32 x 16-way MultiProzessoren<br />
– 'FICON' (Fiber Channel Connectivity), Ausbau <strong>der</strong> Glasfasertechnologie<br />
� 2000 z/-<strong>Architektur</strong> (64-bit), z900, z800, z990(2003), z890(2004),z9 EC(2005), z9 BC(2006)<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Warum System z?<br />
'Klassische' S/390 (System z) Funktionalitäten<br />
�RAS (Reliability, Availability, Serviceability): HW & SW, 99.999%<br />
�Robustheit gegenüber unterschiedlichsten Lasten<br />
ƒViele verschiedene Anwendungen (‘Mixed workloads‘) bei sehr hoher Auslastung (90+% )<br />
ƒOhne 'Einbrüche' <strong>der</strong> Antwortzeit<br />
�Flexibilität<br />
ƒLogische Partitionierung mit sehr weitreichen<strong>der</strong> dynamischer Rekonfigurierbarkeit<br />
(Prozessoren, Eingabe/Ausgabe, Speicher...)<br />
ƒ'Capacity on Demand', ..., 'Intelligent Resource Director'...<br />
�Skalierbarkeit: Symmetrische MultiProzessoren & Cluster (Parallel Sysplex)<br />
ƒSehr effiziente 1 – 54 way HW-SMP-Strukturen<br />
Sehr effiziente System-SW<br />
ƒParallel Sys(tem) (Com)plex: bis zu 32 Systeme<br />
Verbunden durch Coupling Technology:<br />
ƒCoupling Facility, Coupling Links, Sysplex Timer, S(erver) T(ime) P(rotocol)<br />
�Last not least: ‘Nachhaltigkeit’<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
<strong>Mainframe</strong> / System z Server Characteristika …<br />
� Prozessoren, Speicher und Geräte werden von vielen virtuellen<br />
Servern gemeinsam benutzt (‘shared’)<br />
� Auf System z Servern laufen typischerweise vielfältige,<br />
unterschiedliche Anwendungen<br />
– gleichzeitig o<strong>der</strong> zu verschiedenen Zeiten: ‘on demand’<br />
� Prozessor-Taktfrequenz ist oft geringer als die von ‘Stand-Alone’<br />
Prozessoren<br />
– 1,4 GHz …1,7 GHz im Vergleich zu 2 ... 3 ... GHz<br />
� Durchschnittliche Prozessor Auslastung kann sehr hoch sein:<br />
...80% ...90+ %<br />
– Ausgezeichnete Möglichkeit, Anwendungen zu<br />
konsolidieren, die auf schwach genutzten ‘Stand-Alone’<br />
Servern laufen<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
… <strong>Mainframe</strong> / System z Server Characteristika<br />
� Zur Durchsatzoptimierung nutzt <strong>der</strong> Instruktions-Prozessor an<strong>der</strong>e<br />
Prozessoren zur Abarbeitung spezieller Aufgaben<br />
– System Assist Prozessoren (SAP) für I/O Operationen<br />
– Kryptographische Hardware (PU-Funktionen, Adapterkarten)<br />
für Daten-Ver-(Ent-)schlüsselung<br />
� Programme und Daten können gemeinsam von virtuellen Servern<br />
genutzt werden (‘sharing’)<br />
� Kommunikation zwischen virtuellen Servern mit internen Methoden<br />
– HiperSockets, VM Guest LAN, Virtual Channel to Channel,...<br />
Ressourcen (Prozessoren, Speicher, I/O) können im laufenden<br />
Betrieb dem tatsächlichen Bedarf angepasst werden<br />
� Kapazität kann im laufenden Betrieb durch den Kunden hinzugefügt<br />
werden:<br />
– ‘On Demand‘ Infrastruktur<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Dedizierte Prozessoren für spezielle Aufgaben:<br />
Technische Lösungen für ökonomische Herausfor<strong>der</strong>ungen<br />
� System Assist Prozessor (SAP)<br />
– Exklusiv für I/O: Standard auf allen CMOS-Prozessoren<br />
� Internal Coupling Facility (ICF - 1997)<br />
– Exklusiv für Parallel Sysplex (CFCC)<br />
� Integrated Facility for Linux (IFL - 2001)<br />
– Exklusiv für Linux<br />
� zSeries Application Assist Processor (zAAP - 2004)<br />
– Exklusiv für Java Workloads auf z/OS 1.6+<br />
� z9 Integrated Information Procesor (zIIP - 2006)<br />
– Exklusiv für ausgewählte DB2 Workloads auf z/OS 1.6+ / DB2 V8<br />
� Identische Hardware wie Standard-Prozessor<br />
� Niedrigerer Preis als für Standard Prozessor<br />
� Gehen nicht in die Berechnung traditioneller zSeries<br />
Software-Gebühren ein<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Geschwindigkeit?<br />
� Je nach Anwendung:<br />
– Wenn es vor allem auf ausgewogene Systemleistung aller Komponenten<br />
und nicht nur eine hohe CPU-’Drehzahl’ ankommt, kann <strong>der</strong> <strong>Mainframe</strong><br />
Server durchaus die Nase vorn haben<br />
CPU Busy I/O Busy<br />
CPU-Zeit Speicher-Zeit<br />
I/O-Zeit<br />
CPU Busy I/O Busy<br />
Speicher-<br />
CPU-Zeit I/O-Zeit<br />
Zeit<br />
Stand Alone<br />
<strong>Mainframe</strong><br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
z/-<strong>Architektur</strong>-Elemente<br />
Hauptspeicher<br />
�Byte-weise adressierbar<br />
�64bit Adressierbarkeit<br />
�'shared' von allen CPU'S<br />
I/O Anschlüsse<br />
�'alt': parallel (Kupferkabel),4.5MB/sec<br />
�1990': seriell (Glasfaser), 17MB/sec<br />
�1999: FiCON (Glasfaser),100+MB/sec<br />
�2006: FiCON Express 4, 500MB/sec<br />
ESCON & FiCON 'Directoren'<br />
�'Schalter', 'switches'<br />
Control Units (CU)<br />
�Steuereinheiten<br />
Endgeräte, 'Devices'<br />
�Festplatten(HD), Bandeinheiten<br />
(Tapes), Drucker (Printer), ...<br />
Netzwerk (GbE, ...)<br />
Sys<br />
HD<br />
Main Storage<br />
Hauptspeicher<br />
CU<br />
Channel Subsystem<br />
'E/A Kanäle'<br />
Switch Switch<br />
CU CU CU CU<br />
HD HD HD HD HD HD HD HD HD<br />
1…54<br />
CPU CPU<br />
GbE<br />
GbE<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Scalability: System-Structures optimized for data<br />
The key problem of current microprocessor-systems:<br />
Memory access does not scale with CPU-frequency!<br />
150..200x<br />
NB<br />
10..20x<br />
1x<br />
Memory<br />
(... GB)<br />
Daten<br />
Cache<br />
(... KB)<br />
Level 2<br />
Cache<br />
(.. MB)<br />
CPU<br />
Instr.<br />
Cache<br />
(... KB)<br />
...<br />
Memory<br />
Level 2<br />
Cache<br />
CPU<br />
...<br />
Memory<br />
Level 2<br />
Cache<br />
CPU<br />
Memory<br />
Level 2<br />
Cache<br />
CPU<br />
Communication between multiple processors ???<br />
...<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Multiprocessor Structures<br />
Hierarchy of distributed switches with NUMA (Non-Uniform-Memory-Access) characteristics :<br />
150..200x<br />
10..20x<br />
NB<br />
1x<br />
CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU<br />
Or a single central switch with concurrent access by all CPUs<br />
Shared Level 2 Cache<br />
CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU<br />
zSeries /System z: the system for data<br />
� Can be realized with<br />
off-the shelf standardcomponents<br />
� Typically CPU-centric<br />
� Limited ’Single Image’<br />
Scalability<br />
� Highly optimized special<br />
L2-design<br />
� Requires extremely dense<br />
packaging<br />
� Data centric<br />
� Highly scalable<br />
�Extremely flexible<br />
�Self-optimizing<br />
�Extremely high availability<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
z9-EC Systemstruktur:<br />
NB<br />
Speicher<br />
(bis zu 128 GB)<br />
Level 2 Cache (40 MB)<br />
PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU<br />
z9-EC ´Single Book´<br />
MBA STI<br />
STI<br />
MBA STI<br />
STI<br />
MBA STI<br />
STI<br />
MBA STI<br />
STI<br />
MBA STI<br />
STI<br />
MBA STI<br />
STI<br />
MBA STI<br />
STI<br />
MBA STI<br />
STI<br />
2 x 2.7 GB/s<br />
2 x 2.7 GB/s<br />
2 x 2.7 GB/s<br />
2 x 2.7 GB/s<br />
2 x 2.7 GB/s<br />
2 x 2.7 GB/s<br />
2 x 2.7 GB/s<br />
2 x 2.7 GB/s<br />
43.2 GB/s<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
z9-EC 12-way MCM<br />
� Advanced 95mm x 95mm MCM<br />
Unmatched Hardware availability<br />
–102 Glass Ceramic layers<br />
�‘Instruction –16 chip sites, retry’ 217 capacitors<br />
�Exclusive –0.545 km on of <strong>IBM</strong> internal zSeries wire/<br />
System z9<br />
MSC PU PU MSC<br />
PU<br />
PU<br />
CLK<br />
SD SD<br />
SD SD<br />
PU<br />
PU<br />
PU SC PU<br />
� CMOS 10K chip Technology<br />
– Copper interconnections, 10 copper layers<br />
– 8 PU chips/MCM<br />
•121 million transistors/chip<br />
•L1 cache/PU (256 KB I-cache,256 KB Dcache)<br />
•0.58 ns Cycle Time<br />
– 4 System Data (SD) cache chips/MCM<br />
•40 MB L2 cache per Book<br />
– 660 million transistors/chip<br />
– One Storage Control (SC) chip<br />
•162 million transistors<br />
•L2 cache crosspoint switch<br />
•L2 access rings to/from other MCMs<br />
– Two Memory Storage Control (MSC) chips<br />
•24 million transistors/chip<br />
•Memory cards (L3) interface to L2<br />
•L2 access to/from MBAs (off MCM)<br />
– One Clock (CLK) chip - CMOS 8S<br />
•Clock and ETR Receiver<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
Bis zu 8<br />
’hot pluggable’ MBA/STI<br />
Anschluss-Karten<br />
NB<br />
"F1" "D1" "D2"<br />
"D3"<br />
"D6"<br />
Front View<br />
"D4" "D5"<br />
"D7" "D8"<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Note: 4 o<strong>der</strong> 8 steckbare Speicher Karten<br />
Jede MBA Anschlusskarte ist ‘hot-pluggable’ und hat 2 STIs<br />
z9-EC Prozessor Book Layout<br />
Speicher Karten<br />
Bis zu 128 GB<br />
MCM<br />
MSC<br />
MSC<br />
Hitachi CP<br />
SD SD<br />
SD<br />
SD<br />
CP CP<br />
Hitachi CP<br />
SC<br />
CP 2<br />
Seitenansicht<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
P<br />
r<br />
o<br />
c<br />
e<br />
s<br />
s<br />
o<br />
r<br />
C<br />
a<br />
r<br />
d<br />
MCM<br />
MBA<br />
Fanout<br />
Slot 1<br />
Book 3<br />
P<br />
r<br />
o<br />
c<br />
e<br />
s<br />
s<br />
o<br />
r<br />
C<br />
a<br />
r<br />
d<br />
Slot 2<br />
Book 0<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Z9 EC Model S38 – Communication Ring Structure<br />
Memory<br />
CEC Board backplane<br />
MCM P<br />
r<br />
o<br />
c<br />
e<br />
s<br />
s<br />
o<br />
r<br />
Memory<br />
MBA<br />
Fanout<br />
C<br />
a<br />
r<br />
d<br />
MCM P<br />
r<br />
o<br />
c<br />
e<br />
s<br />
Memory<br />
MBA<br />
Fanout<br />
Slot 3<br />
Book 1<br />
s<br />
o<br />
r<br />
C<br />
a<br />
r<br />
d<br />
MCM<br />
Slot 4<br />
Book 2<br />
Memory<br />
MBA<br />
Fanout<br />
Book 0<br />
Book 3<br />
Book 2<br />
Book 1<br />
� The ring structure consists of two rings (one running<br />
clockwise, the other counterclockwise)<br />
� In a two or three Book configuration, Jumper Book(s)<br />
(installed in the CEC cage) complete the ring<br />
– Jumper Books are not needed for a single-Book<br />
configuration<br />
� Books may be able to be inserted into or removed from<br />
the ring nondisruptively*<br />
– May allow Concurrent book add for model upgrade<br />
– Enhanced book availability to return a book after removal for<br />
upgrade or repair<br />
* Customer pre-planning required, may require acquisition of additional hardware resources<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Basissoftware (Betriebssysteme): VM 'Virtuelle Maschine'<br />
NB<br />
�ControlProgram ('CP') kontrolliert und verwaltet physische Ressourcen (CPU, Speicher, ...)<br />
�CMS: Ein vollständiges Single-User-S/390-System mit eigenen (virtuellen) Ressourcen<br />
�Nicht nur 'Single-User Gäste', son<strong>der</strong>n auch vollständige Betriebssystem-'Gäste'<br />
CMS<br />
'User'<br />
CMS<br />
'User'<br />
CMS<br />
'User'<br />
zVSE zVM zLINUX zOS<br />
Control Program, CP<br />
Hardware: Prozessoren, Speicher, 'Kanäle', Platten , ...<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
System z (S/390) Basissoftware :LPAR (Logical Partitioning) ...<br />
zVSE zVM zLINUX<br />
LINUX zSeries<br />
2.6.m<br />
OS/390<br />
Rel. R.Q<br />
Hypervisor (analog CP-Komponente in VM)<br />
Hardware: Prozessoren, Speicher, 'Kanäle', Platten , ...<br />
z/OS<br />
Rel. 1.6<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
IMS<br />
transactionaction<br />
CICS<br />
DL/I<br />
DB2<br />
<strong>Mainframe</strong> / System z Server Umgebungen<br />
ERP<br />
Appl.+DB<br />
Siebel<br />
z/OS<br />
transaction<br />
WebSphere<br />
e-commerce<br />
JVM<br />
PR/SM LPAR<br />
business<br />
appl.<br />
Java<br />
&<br />
EJB<br />
Appl*<br />
System z Plattform<br />
Linux<br />
Appl<br />
Linux<br />
Consolidate<br />
Cluster/Parallel<br />
File/Disk/Print<br />
L L L L L L L<br />
z/VM<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> S/390 1994..1999/2000: 'Die Aufholjagd'<br />
B2C<br />
Von Bipolar zu CMOS<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> System z:<br />
FW1<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Der Inbegriff klassischer <strong>Mainframe</strong> Stärken<br />
�Reliability, Availability, Serviceability<br />
�Sicherheit (kryptographische HW und mehr ...)<br />
�Skalierbarkeit<br />
�‘Scale up on demand’<br />
�‘Scale out on demand’<br />
Die Fundamente:<br />
ƒ<strong>Architektur</strong><br />
�64bit, QDIO, ...<br />
ƒTechnologie, Packaging<br />
�MultiChipModule, ...<br />
ƒImplementierung<br />
�Interne und externe Bandbreite<br />
�'Storage Hierarchy': L1, L1.5, L2,...<br />
ƒVirtualisierung: 'sharing physical resources'<br />
�CPU, Speicher, ...<br />
�I/O, Netzwerk, (LAN)<br />
�Die Konsolidierungs-Plattform<br />
ƒOn Demand Technologien<br />
�Redundante Ressourcen, ‘hot-pluggable’ IO, …, OOCoD<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
64bit: Von ESA/390 zur z/<strong>Architektur</strong><br />
�16 64bit General Purpose Register + 16 64bit Control Register<br />
�'Trimodale' Adressierung: 24-, 31- o<strong>der</strong> 64-bit<br />
ƒfestgelegt (HardWare) im Program Status Word<br />
�Implementiert durch 173 neue OpCodes (z/ und ESA/390)<br />
ƒNeue z/-Instruktionen 'analog' zu ESA/390-Instruktionen, Beispiel 'Load':<br />
Arch1<br />
–ESA/390 : 'L' lädt 32-bit-Operanden von 31-bit-Adresse in 32-bit-Register<br />
L '58' R1 X2 B2 D2<br />
0 8 12 16 20 31<br />
–zSeries: 'LG lädt 64-bit-Operanden von 64-bit-Adresse in 64-bit-Register<br />
LG 'E3' R1 X2 B2 D2 ///////////////////////// '04'<br />
0 8 12 16 20 32 40 47<br />
Ein großer ... aber ein evolutionärer Schritt !<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Queued Direct IO:die <strong>Architektur</strong> für High-Speed-Connectivity<br />
Extern (OSA-Express GbE, seit G5/G6 1998/99)<br />
� Erhebliche Reduktion von Protokoll 'Overhead' ('Handshake', Interrupts)<br />
� Implementiert neue IO-Instruktion 'SIGA' > 'Signal (μProcessor) Adapter'<br />
� Benutzt DMA Transfer Speicher - L2 - MBA - STI - Adapter)<br />
Intern (iQDIO, HiperSockets)<br />
� Speicher-Speicher Transfer zwischen Partitionen,<br />
implementiert in LIC (Licensed Internal Code, 'microcode')<br />
� Bis zu 16 'Internal LANs', verfügbar für alle LPAR's<br />
� SW-'transparent': auf TCP/IP-Stack Ebene<br />
QDIO<br />
z/OS o<strong>der</strong><br />
Linux LPAR<br />
IP Protocol<br />
z/OS o<strong>der</strong><br />
Linux LPAR<br />
�Ersetzt externe physische LANs (Adapter,<br />
Kabel,...) durch internes 'Netzwerk im Server‘<br />
Network Virtualization<br />
z/OS o<strong>der</strong><br />
Linux LPAR<br />
IP Protokoll<br />
LPAR 1 LPAR 2<br />
z/OS o<strong>der</strong><br />
Linux LPAR<br />
PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Virtualisierung auf Systemebene<br />
Virtuelle Ressourcen<br />
Virtualisierungs-Schicht<br />
Hardware / Software<br />
Physische Ressourcen<br />
ƒ Von S/390-zSeries 'erfunden' (198x), Bestandteil <strong>der</strong> <strong>Architektur</strong><br />
� Physische Ressourcen: Prozessoren, Speicher, I/O;...<br />
� Virtualisierungsschicht: CP-Komponente von VM, PR/SM (Hypervisor)<br />
� Virtuelle Ressourcen: Virtuelle Server<br />
– Logische Partitionen, Gastbetriebssysteme, in höchster Granularität<br />
ƒ Neu: Ausdehnung auf an<strong>der</strong>e <strong>IBM</strong> Server Plattformen (p, i, ...)<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Neue Dimensionen: Selbst-steuernde Virtuelle Server<br />
ƒIntelligent Resource Director (IRD), 'atmende logische Partitionen'<br />
�LPAR CPU Management<br />
�Dynamic Channel Path Management<br />
�Channel Subsystem Priority Queuing<br />
DB2 CICS IMS Lx<br />
z800/900/890/990/9 Ressourcen<br />
(CPUs, Speicher, ...)<br />
ƒ...ein erster konkreter Schritt auf<br />
dem Weg zu<br />
'Autonomic Computing'<br />
DB2 CICS IMS Linux<br />
z800/900/890/990/9 Ressourcen<br />
(CPUs, Speicher, ...)<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Weit fortgeschrittene On Demand Technologien:<br />
Concurrent Upgrade - CBU, CIU, OOCoD<br />
� CBU – Capacity Backup - Vorübergehendes 'Notfall'-Upgrade<br />
ƒ Unterbrechungsfreies vorübergehendes Hinzufügen von CPs in einer Notfall-Situation<br />
(erfor<strong>der</strong>t entsprechenden Vertrag)<br />
ƒ Kunde (o<strong>der</strong> <strong>IBM</strong>) aktiviert Upgrade im Notfall o<strong>der</strong> zu Testzwecken<br />
ƒ Anschließend (nach Test o<strong>der</strong> Behebung des Notfalls): Unterbrechungsfreies Downgrade<br />
� CIU – Customer-Initiated Upgrade - Dauerhaftes Upgrade<br />
ƒ Möglichkeit <strong>der</strong> Bestellung und Installation eines dauerhaften Upgrades durch den Kunden<br />
via Resource Link (Web) and <strong>IBM</strong> Remote Support Facility (RSF)<br />
ƒOOCoD - On/Off Capacity on Demand - Temporary capacity upgrade<br />
ƒ Unterbrechungsfreies vorübergehendes Hinzufügen von CP’s o<strong>der</strong> IFL’s o<strong>der</strong> ICF’s o<strong>der</strong> zAAP’s<br />
nach Belieben (in je<strong>der</strong> Situation)<br />
ƒ Erfor<strong>der</strong>t OOCoD "right to use" Feature (0€ !)<br />
für OOCoD Vertrag und administrative Vorbereitung<br />
ƒ Bestellung und Installation durch den Kunden via<br />
Resource Link und <strong>IBM</strong> RSF (CIU)<br />
ƒ Bestellungen „auf Vorrat“ möglich<br />
ƒ Unterbrechungsfreie Entfernung <strong>der</strong> Zusatzkapazität<br />
wenn nicht mehr erfor<strong>der</strong>lich/gewünscht<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
� Built In Redundancy<br />
� Capacity Upgrade on<br />
Demand<br />
� Capacity Backup<br />
� Hot Pluggable I/O<br />
� Concurrent LIC updates<br />
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
System z Continuous Availability<br />
Single System Parallel Sysplex<br />
12<br />
11 1<br />
10<br />
2<br />
9<br />
3<br />
8<br />
4<br />
7 5<br />
6<br />
1 to 32 Systems<br />
� Addresses Planned/Unplanned<br />
HW/SW Outages<br />
� Flexible, Nondisruptive Growth<br />
– Capacity beyond largest CEC<br />
– Scales better than SMPs<br />
� Dynamic Workload/Resource<br />
Management<br />
Site 1<br />
11<br />
12<br />
1<br />
10<br />
2<br />
9<br />
3<br />
8<br />
4<br />
7<br />
6<br />
5<br />
GDPS<br />
12<br />
1 11<br />
2<br />
10<br />
3<br />
9<br />
4<br />
8<br />
5<br />
6<br />
7<br />
Site 2<br />
� Addresses Site<br />
Failure/Maintenance<br />
� Sync/Async Data Mirroring<br />
– Eliminates Tape/Disk SPOF<br />
– No/Some Data Loss<br />
� Application Independent<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> System z9 EC Überblick<br />
� Maschinen-Typ 2094<br />
� 5 Modelle: S08, S18, S28, S38 und S54<br />
� Processor Units (PUs)<br />
– 12 (16 für Model S54) PUs pro Book<br />
– 2 SAPs pro Book, standard<br />
– 2 Spares pro Server<br />
– 8, 18, 28, 38 o<strong>der</strong> 54 PUs verfügbar<br />
• Central Processors (CPs), Integrated Facility for Linux (IFLs),<br />
Internal Coupling Facility (ICFs), System z9 Application Assist<br />
Processors (zAAPs), optional zusätzliche System Assist<br />
Processors (SAPs)<br />
� Speicher<br />
– Minimum 16 GB<br />
– Bis zu 512 GB pro System, In 16 GB Schritten<br />
� I/O<br />
– Bis zu 16 STIs pro Book, jeweils @ 2.7 GB/s<br />
– Bis zu 4 Logical Channel Subsystems (LCSSs)<br />
• Bis zu 4 x 256 = 1024 Kanäle<br />
– Gesamt-System I/O Bandbreite 172.8 GB/s<br />
� Virtualisierung<br />
– Bis zu 60 LPARs<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Interne<br />
Batterien<br />
(optional)<br />
Strom<br />
Versorgung<br />
3x I/O<br />
Cages<br />
z9-EC Unter <strong>der</strong> Haube<br />
Frontansicht<br />
Hybrid<br />
Kühlung<br />
Prozessor Books<br />
und Speicher<br />
Support<br />
Elemente<br />
CEC Cage<br />
STI Kabel<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
Bis zu 8<br />
’hot pluggable’ MBA/STI<br />
Anschluss-Karten<br />
NB<br />
"F1" "D1" "D2"<br />
"D3"<br />
"D6"<br />
Front View<br />
"D4" "D5"<br />
"D7" "D8"<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Note: 4 o<strong>der</strong> 8 steckbare Speicher Karten<br />
Jede MBA Anschlusskarte ist ‘hot-pluggable’ und hat 2 STIs<br />
z9-EC Prozessor Book Layout<br />
Speicher Karten<br />
Bis zu 128 GB<br />
MCM<br />
MSC<br />
MSC<br />
Hitachi CP<br />
SD SD<br />
SD<br />
SD<br />
CP CP<br />
Hitachi CP<br />
SC<br />
CP 2<br />
Seitenansicht<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
z9-EC ’Central Electronic Complex’: PUs, Speicher, IO-Anschlüsse...<br />
� Nimmt bis zu vier Prozessor Books auf<br />
‘Enhanced Book Availability‘<br />
3 0<br />
1<br />
2<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
z990 I/O Anbindung<br />
Book 3<br />
Book 0<br />
Book 1<br />
Book 2<br />
MBA MBA MBA<br />
MBA MBA MBA<br />
Slot 05<br />
Slot 01<br />
Slot 03<br />
Slot 06<br />
Slot 08<br />
Slot 02<br />
Slot 04<br />
Slot 07<br />
Slot 09<br />
? Mux 0 Mux 1<br />
Domain 0<br />
Domain 1<br />
I/O Cage<br />
z9-109: Redundante I/O Anbindung<br />
Book 0<br />
Book 3<br />
MBA<br />
Slot 05<br />
Slot 01<br />
Slot 03<br />
Slot 06<br />
Slot 08<br />
Slot 02<br />
Slot 04<br />
Slot 07<br />
Slot 09<br />
Book 1<br />
Domain 0<br />
Domain 1<br />
MBA<br />
?<br />
Book 2<br />
Mux 0 Mux 1<br />
I/O Cage<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
� 95mm x 95mm MCM<br />
–102 Lagen Glas-Keramik<br />
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Höchstverfügbarkeit in Hardware:<br />
MSC PU PU MSC<br />
PU<br />
PU<br />
CLK<br />
SD SD<br />
SD SD<br />
z9 EC Multi-Chip Module (MCM)<br />
�‘Instruction –16 Chip Plätze, retry’ 217 Kondensatoren<br />
�Exklusiv –0.476 km interne für <strong>IBM</strong> Verdrahtung<br />
zSeries & System z9<br />
PU<br />
PU<br />
PU SC PU<br />
� CMOS 10K Chip Technologie<br />
– PU, SC, SD und MSC Chips<br />
– 10 Lagen Kupfer Verdrahtung<br />
– 8 PU Chips/MCM<br />
• 15.78 mm x 11.84 mm<br />
• 121 Million Transistoren/Chip<br />
• L1 Cache/PU<br />
– 256 KB I-cache<br />
– 256 KB D-cache<br />
• 0.58 ns Cycle Time (1.7 Ghz)<br />
– 4 System Data (SD) Cache Chips/MCM<br />
• 15.66 mm x 15.40mm<br />
• L2 cache pro Book<br />
– 660 Millionen Transistoren/Chip<br />
– 40 MB<br />
– 1 Storage Control (SC) chip<br />
• 16.41mm x 16.41mm<br />
• 162 Millionen Transistoren<br />
• L2 Cache Crosspoint Switch<br />
• L2 Ring-Zugriff auf / von an<strong>der</strong>en MCMs<br />
– 2 Memory Storage Control (MSC) Chips<br />
• 14.31 mm x 14.31 mm<br />
• 24 Millionen Transistoren/Chip<br />
• Speicherkarten (L3) Interface zum L2<br />
• L2 Zugriff auf / von MBAs (off MCM)<br />
– 1 Clock (CLK) chip - CMOS 8S<br />
• Clock und ETR Receiver<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
� 95mm x 95mm MCM<br />
–102 Lagen Glas-Keramik<br />
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
–16 Chip Plätze, 217 Kondensatoren<br />
–0.545 km interne Verdrahtung<br />
MSC PU PU MSC<br />
PU<br />
PU<br />
CLK<br />
SD SD<br />
SD SD<br />
z9 EC Multi-Chip Module (MCM)<br />
PU<br />
PU<br />
PU SC PU<br />
� CMOS 10K Chip Technologie<br />
– PU, SC, SD und MSC Chips<br />
– 10 Lagen Kupfer Verdrahtung<br />
– 8 PU Chips/MCM<br />
• 15.78 mm x 11.84 mm<br />
• 121 Million Transistoren/Chip<br />
• L1 Cache/PU<br />
– 256 KB I-cache<br />
– 256 KB D-cache<br />
• 0.58 ns Cycle Time (1.7 Ghz)<br />
– 4 System Data (SD) Cache Chips/MCM<br />
• 15.66 mm x 15.40mm<br />
• L2 cache pro Book<br />
– 660 Millionen Transistoren/Chip<br />
– 40 MB<br />
– 1 Storage Control (SC) chip<br />
• 16.41mm x 16.41mm<br />
• 162 Millionen Transistoren<br />
• L2 Cache Crosspoint Switch<br />
• L2 Ring-Zugriff auf / von an<strong>der</strong>en MCMs<br />
– 2 Memory Storage Control (MSC) Chips<br />
• 14.31 mm x 14.31 mm<br />
• 24 Millionen Transistoren/Chip<br />
• Speicherkarten (L3) Interface zum L2<br />
• L2 Zugriff auf / von MBAs (off MCM)<br />
– 1 Clock (CLK) chip - CMOS 8S<br />
• Clock und ETR Receiver<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
z9 BC – Ein mo<strong>der</strong>ner <strong>Mainframe</strong> für mittlere Unternehmen<br />
� Basiert auf System z9 Enterprise Class (z9 EC) Technologie<br />
� Gebaut für große Flexibilität mit 2 Modellen<br />
� Mehr Engines für spezielle Arbeitslast<br />
– System z Application Assist Prozessor (zAAP), Integrated Facility<br />
for Linux (IFL), Internal Coupling Facility (ICF), Integrated Information<br />
Processor (zIIP)<br />
� On demand Erweiterungsmöglichkeiten<br />
– Aussergewöhnlich viele Erweiterungsstufen<br />
– On/Off Capacity on Demand (On/Off CoD) Möglichkeiten<br />
� Starke Netzwerk- und Verbindungsoptionen<br />
– FICON Express4<br />
– Niedrigere Einstiegskosten für FICON ® mit neuer 2-port FICON Karte<br />
� Mit allen System z9 krytographischen Funktionen<br />
� Operating System Unterstützung – wie bei z9 EC<br />
NB<br />
Niedrige Einstiegsinvestition mit vielen Optionen<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
z9 BC Model R07<br />
�Machine Type<br />
– 2096<br />
�Model<br />
– R07<br />
�Processor Units (PUs)<br />
– 8 PUs pro System<br />
– 1 SAP pro Book, Standard<br />
– Keine dedizierten Spares<br />
– 7 PUs sind verfügbar<br />
• 1 bis 3 Central Processors (CPs)<br />
• Integrated Facility for Linux (IFLs), Internal Coupling Facility (ICFs), System z<br />
Application Assist Processors (zAAPs), System z9 Integrated Information<br />
Processors (zIIPs), optional System Assist Processors (SAPs)<br />
– Bis zu 15 LPARs<br />
�Speicher<br />
– Minimum 8 GB<br />
– Bis zu 64 GB pro System<br />
• In 8 GB Schritten<br />
�I/O<br />
– Bis zu 16 STIs pro System jeweils @ 2.7 GB/s<br />
– System I/O Bandbreite 43.2 GB/s<br />
– Bis zu 2 Logical Channel Subsystem (LCSS)<br />
– Bis zu 4 I/O Domains<br />
• Bis zu 240 Kanälen – abhängig von Channel types<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
z9 BC Model S07<br />
�Machine Type<br />
– 2096<br />
�Model<br />
– S07<br />
�Processor Units (PUs)<br />
– 8 PUs pro System<br />
– 1 SAP pro Book, Standard<br />
– Keine dedizierten Spares<br />
– 7 PUs sind verfügbar<br />
• 0 bis 4 Central Processors (CPs)<br />
• Integrated Facility for Linux (IFLs), Internal Coupling Facility (ICFs), System z<br />
Application Assist Processors (zAAPs), System z9 Integrated Information<br />
Processor (zIIP), optional System Assist Processors (SAPs)<br />
• Reines IFL System ist möglich<br />
– Up to 30 LPARs<br />
�Speicher<br />
– Minimum 8 GB<br />
– Bis zu 64 GB pro System<br />
• In 8 GB Schritten<br />
�I/O<br />
– Bis zu 16 STIs pro System @ 2.7 GB/s<br />
– System I/O Bandbreite 43.2 GB<br />
– Bis zu 2 Logical Channel Subsystems (LCSSs)<br />
– Bis zu 7 I/O Domains<br />
• Bis zu 420 Kanälen – abhängig von Channel types<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
Fiber Quick<br />
Connect Feature<br />
(optional)<br />
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Interne<br />
Batterien<br />
(optional)<br />
Strom<br />
Versorgung<br />
I/O Cage<br />
z9 BC – Ein Blick unter die Haube<br />
A Frame<br />
Frontansicht<br />
Ein Book:<br />
Prozessoren und Speicher<br />
CEC Cage<br />
STI Kabel<br />
Support Elemente<br />
(Gate mit Laptops<br />
weggeklappt)<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
zAAP <strong>Architektur</strong> und Kontrollfluss:<br />
Java Ausführung unter <strong>IBM</strong> JVM Kontrolle<br />
� Auf zAAPs ausführbar:<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> JVM, Teile <strong>der</strong> LE Runtime<br />
und des z/OS Supervisors<br />
(soweit für JVM Ausführung<br />
erfor<strong>der</strong>lich),<br />
erfor<strong>der</strong>t z/OS 1.6,<br />
verfügbar seit 09/2004<br />
� <strong>IBM</strong> JVM benachrichtigt z/OS<br />
Dispatcher, wenn Java Code<br />
ausgeführt werden soll<br />
Standard Processor zAAP<br />
WebSphere<br />
Execute JAVA Code<br />
JVM<br />
Switch to zAAP<br />
z/OS Dispatcher<br />
Suspend JVM task on z/OS<br />
standard logical processor<br />
z/OS Dispatcher<br />
z/OS Dispatcher<br />
Dispatch JVM task on z/OS<br />
standard logical processor<br />
JVM<br />
JVM<br />
WebSphere<br />
z/OS Dispatcher<br />
z/OS Dispatcher<br />
Dispatch JVM task on z/OS<br />
zAAP logical processor<br />
logical processor<br />
JVM<br />
Java Application Code<br />
Executing on a zAAP<br />
logical processor<br />
Switch JVM to<br />
Switch to standard processor<br />
z/OS Dispatcher<br />
Suspend JVM task on z/OS<br />
standard logical processor<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Sicherheit<br />
� Common Criteria Security Certification<br />
- ISO Standard<br />
- Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL) 1..7,<br />
höher = besser<br />
- Evaluierung z.B. vom Bundesamt für Sicherheit in <strong>der</strong><br />
Informationstechnik<br />
USA: NSA für EAL >5<br />
� EAL5 Logical Partitioning Zertifizierung z900, z800, z990<br />
� EAL3+ Zertifizierung für z/OS 1.6 mit RACF Feature<br />
- beinhaltet Controlled Access Protection Profile (CAPP)<br />
EAL3+ und Labeled Security Protection Profile (LSPP)<br />
EAL 3+<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
System z9 and zSeries Cryptographic Technology<br />
�Continue to provide flexible Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) acceleration<br />
�Continue to provide competitive symmetric performance in a security-rich environment<br />
�Provides integration of Crypto features via ICSF<br />
�Focus on required certifications and open standards<br />
�Continue to improve performance<br />
– Each Crypto Express2 feature on a System z9, with both adapters configured as accelerators is designed to<br />
provide up to 6000* SSL handshakes per second<br />
z900/z800 – Dec. 2000/ May 2002<br />
2 Chips on CEC Board -<br />
CMOS7s+ PCICC/PCICA (10/01)<br />
G6 – June 1999<br />
2 Chips on Processor<br />
MCM - CMOS5x +<br />
PCICC (6/99)<br />
G5 – Sept. 1998<br />
2 Chips on Processor<br />
MCM - CMOS5x +<br />
PCICC (6/99)<br />
G4 – Sept. 1997<br />
SCMs on Planar<br />
Board - CMOS5x<br />
G3 – June 1997<br />
SCMs on Planar<br />
Board - CMOS5x<br />
*These measurements are examples of the maximum handshakes per second achieved in a laboratory<br />
environment with no other processing occurring and do not represent actual field measurements. Details are<br />
available upon request.<br />
z9 BC – May 2006<br />
Crypto Express2<br />
z9 EC – September 2005<br />
Crypto Express2<br />
z990/z890 – January 2005<br />
Crypto Express2<br />
z890 – May 2004<br />
PCIXCC/PCICA<br />
z990 - September 2003<br />
PCIXCC<br />
z990 - June 2003<br />
CPACF/PCICA<br />
z900/z800 – Dec. 2000/ May 2002<br />
2 Chips on CEC Board -<br />
CMOS7s+ PCICC/PCICA (10/01)<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
NB<br />
<strong>IBM</strong> Systems and Technology Group<br />
Any Questions?<br />
© 2007 <strong>IBM</strong> Corporation
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