November 28, 2012 - Southern Nevada Health District

SNHD Pediatric Early Warning Sentinel Surveillance (PEWSS) Report: November 28, 2012
All Reporting Sites, Through the Week Ending November 24, 2012
The PEWSS reports are disseminated weekly by email, fax, and online at http://www.southernnevadahealthdistrict.org/statsreports/influenza.php.
For questions about PEWSS, please contact the SNHD Office of Epidemiology at 702.759.1300.
General Update
During the week ending November 24, 2012, the following viruses were identified through PEWSS with a moderate
volume of testing (Fig. 1): Adenovirus, Parainfluenza 2, Parainfluenza 3 and RSV.
Over the past five weeks (Tables 1 & 2), the following were identified in the community through PEWSS:
Parainfluenza 2 has been circulating at high levels.
Adenovirus, Parainfluenza 3 and RSV have been circulating at low levels.
Influenza A has been sporadically identified.
Influenza B, Human Metapneumovirus and Parainfluenza 1 have not been identified.
Table 1 ‐ Testing Results, Current Week and Previous Four Weeks
Week Ending
10/27 11/3 11/10 11/17 11/24
PCR Testing Results n % n % n % n % n %
All negative 14 64% 1 10% 4 33% 7 58% 7 50%
Influenza A Positive 0 0% 1 10% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
Influenza B Positive 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
Adenovirus Positive 1 5% 1 10% 2 17% 0 0% 1 7%
Human Metapneumovirus Positive 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
Parainfluenza 1 Positive 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
Parainfluenza 2 Positive 4 18% 2 20% 5 42% 2 17% 3 21%
Parainfluenza 3 Positive 2 9% 4 40% 1 8% 2 17% 2 14%
RSV Positive 1 5% 1 10% 0 0% 1 8% 1 7%
Co‐infections 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
Specimens Tested 22 ‐ 10 ‐ 12 ‐ 12 ‐ 14 ‐
Past 5 Weeks
Circulation
Levels
Sporadic
Not Detected
Low
Not Detected
Not Detected
High
Low
Low
Moderate Volume
Table 2 ‐ Influenza A Typing, Current Week and Previous Four Weeks
Influenza A Typing (% of influenza A) n % n % n % n % n % n %
Influenza A 2009 H1N1 0 ‐ 0 0% 0 ‐ 0 ‐ 0 ‐ 0 0%
Influenza A H1 0 ‐ 0 0% 0 ‐ 0 ‐ 0 ‐ 0 0%
Influenza A H3 0 ‐ 1 100% 0 ‐ 0 ‐ 0 ‐ 1 100%
Figure 1 ‐ Weekly Number of Specimens Tested
Specimens
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Southern Nevada Health District
Week Ending
10/27 11/3 11/10 11/17
11/24
5‐Week Totals
12/3 12/31 1/28 2/25 3/24 4/21 5/19 6/16 7/14 8/11 9/8 10/6 11/3
Week Ending (2011‐2012)
Negatives (n=400)
Positives (n=452)
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SNHD Pediatric Early Warning Sentinel Surveillance (PEWSS) Report: November 28, 2012
Figure 2. Weekly Positive Counts for Organisms Tested
20
Paraflu 3 Par raflu 2 Paraflu 1 HMPV Adeno Influenza B
Influenza A
10
0
20
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
20
A H3
A 2009 H1N1
RSV
10
0
12/3 12/31 1/28 2/25 3/24 4/21 5/19 6/16 7/14 8/11 9/8 10/6 11/3
Week Ending Date (2011‐2012)
Other News and Information
Human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) ‐2 continues to circulate at high levels in Southern Nevada (Table 1; Figure 2).
HPIVs are classified into five serotypes: HPIV‐1, HPIV‐2, HPIV‐3, HPIV‐4a, and HPIV‐4b. PEWSS provides year‐round
surveillance for HPIV‐1, ‐2, ‐3 but not for ‐4, as it is less often detected in patients and may cause less severe disease
than the other serotypes.
HPIVs are responsible for 30%‐40% of all acute respiratory tract infections in infants and children. Infections cause
conditions that may include common cold with fever, croup, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. HPIVs also cause
respiratory tract infections of variable severity in adults.
Southern Nevada Health District Page 2 of 2