NIKHIL GHOSH (1919-1995) Aneesh Pradhan

NIKHIL GHOSH (1919-1995)
by
Aneesh Pradhan
In-depth training and a rich repertoire are two of the many essential
prerequisites that are demanded of a serious practitioner of Hindustani music.
Tabla maestro Nikhil Ghosh had the distinction of being a recipient of both, thus
making him a repository of traditional tabla solo compositions from the Delhi,
Ajrada, Lucknow, Farrukhabad and Punjab gharanas. This inheritance was
largely because of his tutelage under three gurus, namely, Gyan Prakash Ghosh,
Amir Hussein Khan and Ahmed Jan Thirakwa. Among the three, Gyan Prakash
Ghosh had studied under Maseet Khan and Feroze Khan, Amir Hussein Khan
had learnt from his maternal uncle Munir Khan, and Ahmed Jan Thirakwa had
been a disciple of Munir Khan, though he had also learnt from his uncles. To go
further into the past, Munir Khan was said to have learnt from twenty-four
gurus following the major styles of tabla playing. This legacy was handed down
to Nikhil Ghosh by his gurus over several years of training.
Nikhil Ghosh did not come from a family of musicians, but his father and
grandfather had studied music. It was however his elder brother Pannalal
Ghosh, who first took up music as a professional pursuit. Known for his
contribution to bringing the bansuri (bamboo flute) to centrestage in Hindustani
music, Pannalal Ghosh was accompanied in several concerts and recordings by
Nikhil Ghosh. Having had an exposure to raag music since as early age, Nikhil
Ghosh also learnt vocal music. This passion for the melodic aspect of Hindustani
music remained with him forever more, leading him to befriend vocalists and
instrumentalists and to acquire traditional vocal compositions from leading
senior vocalists.
However, it was the tabla that he focused on and went on to accompany a host of
vocalists and instrumentalists. His solos were marked by an emphasis on
traditional compositions and an adherence to the spirit and structural framework
of the taal. For him, mathematics played a secondary role, as he laid greater
stress on the language of the instrument presented through various
compositions. He freely employed dynamics in his solos and accompaniment,
often lending a dramatic element to the performance. He was equally open to
experimenting with presentation, as is evident from his handling of the
repertoire or even the manner of producing melody from the bayan (bass drum).
Nikhil Ghosh also had a brief stint as Assistant Music Director for Hindi feature
films and had composed songs for non-film commercial recordings.

His tabla solo was released by His Master’s Voice and his accompaniment to
vocal and instrumental music was also featured on some commercial recordings.
He was also a regular broadcaster on All India Radio
Parallel to his professional commitment, Nikhil Ghosh was also an educationist.
In fact, he focused more on this aspect in the later years of his life. He
established a school for music and dance called Sangit Mahabharati, where
music was notated as per a system devised by him. This system addressed in
particular the specific needs of instrumental music and is explained in his book
entitled Fundamentals of Raga and Tala with a New System of Notation.
Nikhil Ghosh was awarded the Padma Bhushan by the Government of India for
his contribution to the field of Hindustani music.
Among his disciples are his children Nayan Ghosh, Dhruba Ghosh, Tulika
Ghosh and others like Eknath Pimple, Datta Yande, Karodilal Bhatt, Aneesh
Pradhan, Gert Wegner and Keith Manning.