Rocks Rule! The Rock Cycle.pdf

The Rock Cycle
http://ags.ou.edu/~msoreg/G1104/rock_cycle/rock_cycle.html

• While the rock cycle
has no beginning and
no end, it does contain
three main types of
rocks: Igneous,
Sedimentary, and
Metamorphic. These
rock types can turn
into each other by
several natural
processes on Earth.
http://www.teachnet-lab.org/ps101/bglasgold/rocks/
EFCycleP2.gif

• Magma is molten
rock found deep in
the Earth. It rises
to Earth’s surface
through openings like
those at the top of a
volcano. It gives rise
to IGNEOUS ROCK.
• http://www.volcanogallery.com/
volcano_videoclips.htm
Click
on the
picture
to see
the
lava
flow.

• Magma is molten rock that flows under Earth’s surface. It
can cool slowly in pockets deep underground (granite). Lava is
molten rock that flows out of the Earth. Lava cools and
crystallizes quickly (pumice). Either way, IGNEOUS ROCK is
formed.
CLICK LINK
http://www.fi.edu/fellows/fellow1/
rocks/create/igneous.htm
Pegmatite
http://facstaff.gpc.edu/~pgore/gore.htm
Click on this link:
http://geology.com/rocks/
igneous-rocks.shtml

• Basalt (igneous rock) is
the most common type of
rock on Earth. It forms
most of the ocean floor.
It is igneous rock that
forms from quickly
cooling lava. It can be
broken into smaller pieces
by the pounding of ocean
waves. This process is
called weathering.
This picture shows A'a' flowing over
pahoehoe on Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii
http://martianchronicles.wordpress.com/2008/08/25/hot-lava-typesof-lava/
http://www.cerritos.edu/esci/images/
ESCI_110_Lecture_notes_images/basalt.jpg

• Igneous Rock also undergoes
erosion (gradual wearing away
of rock by wind and water) and
turns into fine particles called
sediment. Sand is a type of
sediment.
• Click on this web site for more
information on sand collecting:
• http://www.paccd.cc.ca.us/
instadmn/physcidv/geol_dp/
dndougla/SAND/SANDHP.htm

For thousands, even millions of
years, little pieces of our earth have
been eroded--broken down and worn
away by wind and water. These little
bits of our earth are washed
downstream where they settle to the
bottom of the rivers, lakes, and
oceans. Layer after layer of eroded
earth is deposited on top of each.
These layers are pressed down
more and more through time, until
the bottom layers slowly turn into
SEDIMENTARY ROCK. One example
is sandstone.
References:
http://www.fi.edu/fellows/fellow1/oct98/create/sediment.htm
http://movingtoward.com/images/sed%20rock.jpg

• As sediments fall to the
bottom of a lake, they
may cover a dead fish.
Over time this fish
becomes a fossil
trapped in time while
the sediments compact
and cement together to
form Sedimentary Rock.
http://lovingthebigisland.files.wordpress.com/2009/06/fossil-fish-1.jpg

• METAMORPHIC ROCKS are
rocks that have "morphed" into
another kind of rock. These
rocks were once igneous or
sedimentary rocks. How do
sedimentary and igneous rocks
change The rocks are under
tons and tons of pressure,
which fosters heat build up, and
this causes them to change. If
you exam metamorphic rock
samples closely, you'll discover
how flattened some of the
grains in the rock are. One
example is Gneiss.
• Reference:
• http://www.fi.edu/fellows/fellow1/oct98/
expert/gneiss.htm

http://mitchell.needham.k12.ma.us/technology/lessons/rocks/image/rock_cycle.jpg

This is a great example of weathering.
Click on the link below:
http://www.franconianotchstatepark.com/oldman.html

• http://www.classzone.com/books/
earth_science/terc/content/investigations/
es0602/es0602page02.cfm
• Answer the questions from part 3 of the
animation in your notebook.

• How can Metamorphic Rock
change into Igneous Rock

• How can Sedimentary Rock
change into Igneous Rock

• How can Igneous Rock turn
into Metamorphic Rock

• Why do we use the term Rock
Cycle when describing how one
rock type changes into another