Annotated Bibliography of Housing Mobility Research 2006-2010

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Books, Articles, and Reports on Housing Mobility Abt Associates Inc. et al., “Effects of Housing Vouchers on Welfare Families,” prepared for U.S. Department of Housing & Urban Development (September 2006). Available at: http://www.huduser.org/portal/publications/commdevl/hsgvouchers.html Abstract: Presents the final analysis of a study conducted over several years to measure the impacts of Housing Choice Vouchers on the housing mobility of lowincome families, the characteristics of their neighborhoods, the composition of their households, their employment, earnings, participation in education and training, their receipt of public assistance, their poverty and material hardship, and the wellbeing of their children. The analysis, based on a sixsite research sample of 8,731 families, uses an experimental design and makes use of outcome measures derived from tractlevel Census data, personlevel administrative data, and a followup survey. The impact estimates in this report encompass a followup period that is sixteen quarters in duration for all sites, and longer for some sites. Augmenting the experimental findings are insights from intensive interviews with a sample of 141 families. This research was undertaken to evaluate the Welfare to Work Voucher (WtWV) program, initiated in Fiscal Year 1999 when Congress appropriated $283 million for tenantbased rental assistance to help families to make the transition from welfare to work. This appropriation funded 50,000 new rental assistance vouchers (P.L. 105276). The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) awarded these vouchers to local and state housing agencies (HAs) that presented reasonable plans for matching up eligible families with the available housing assistance and for coordinating these efforts with existing welfare reform and welfaretowork efforts. AcevedoGarcia, Dolores, Theresa L. Osypuk, Nancy McArdle & David R. Williams, “Toward A PolicyRelevant Analysis Of Geographic And Racial/Ethnic Disparities In Child Health,” Health Affairs, 27(2): 321333 (2008). Abstract: Discusses the impact of residential segregation on child health outcomes. Argues that the fact that health disparities are rooted in social factors should not have a paralyzing effect on the public health community. Highlights the need to move beyond conventional public health and health care approaches to consider policies to improve access to opportunityrich neighborhoods through enhanced housing mobility, and to increase the opportunities for healthy living in disadvantaged neighborhoods. Proposed a policy framework for addressing unequal geography of opportunity in child health. Boston, Thomas D., “The Effects of MixedIncome Revitalization and Residential Mobility on Public Housing Residents: A Case Study of the Atlanta Housing Authority,” Journal of the American Planning Association 71(4): 119 (2005) Abstract: An empirical study of the effects of HOPE VI revitalization on public housing residents, this article uses administrative data to examine the longterm socioeconomic status of households that relocated from public housing projects in Atlanta as a result of mixedincome revitalization. Comparing residents who lived in three public housing projects that were revitalized to a control group of residents who lived in three projects that were not revitalized, the article shows that mixedincome revitalization greatly accelerated the residential mobility of public housing residents and that households displaced by revitalization did not experience a statistically significant loss of housing assistance. Households that relocated by using vouchers or by moving to mixedincome revitalized communities experienced significant improvements in their socioeconomic status, and 2
they moved to higher quality neighborhoods. Additionally, their longrun socioeconomic status was similar to the status of households who moved from housing projects voluntarily. Argues against the elimination of funding for HOPE VI (as called for in the president's budget for 2006). Boyd, Melody L., “The role of social networks in making housing choices: The experience of the Gautreaux Two residential mobility program,” Cityscape 10(1): 4163 (2008) Abstract: Explores the experiences of participants in the Gautreaux Two housing mobility program, which gave lowincome residents of Chicago public housing a special voucher to move to more advantaged neighborhoods, designated as neighborhoods in which at least 76.5% of households were nonpoor and 70% were nonAfrican American. Four waves of indepth, qualitative interviews were conducted by Northwestern University’s Institute for Policy Research (IPR) between 2002 and 2005 with a randomly chosen sample of 91 families. Within the 3year study window, qualitative analysis of the IPR data compares residents who made secondary moves with those who stayed at their Gautreaux placement addresses. Applies insight from feminist urbanism and a focus on social networks to a comparison of the reasons some residents moved while others stayed. Finds that secondary movers were motivated by several social network factors, including feelings of social isolation, distance from kin, and transportation difficulties. Conversely, strong social networks were crucial reasons why some families remained in their Gautreaux neighborhoods or moved on to other similarly advantaged neighborhoods. Explores policy implications for the success of mobility programs, including the need for continued program assistance to build and maintain strong social networks beyond the initial placement. Boyd, Melody L., Kathryn Edin, Susan ClampetLundquist & Greg J. Duncan, “The durability of gains from the Gautreaux Two residential mobility program: a qualitative analysis of who stays and who moves from lowpoverty neighborhoods,” Housing Policy Debate 20(1):119–46 (2010) Highlights: Abstract: · In sample, 53% of participants made secondary moves and 81% of secondary moves were to “nonopportunity areas” · Stayers were more likely to have lived outside of public housing during prior 5 years and to have held a job at some point during study, as compared to secondary movers · Substandard unit quality, hassles with landlords, and social isolation were primary factors motivating second moves into poorer and more racially segregated neighborhoods Examines mobility in the Gautreaux Two Housing Mobility Program, which attempted to alleviate poverty concentration by offering vouchers to residents of highly distressed Chicago public housing developments. The vouchers could only be used in census tracts with less than 23.9% poor and 30% black residents, but voucher holders were free to move after one year. In contrast to the original Gautreaux program, placement moves in Gautreaux Two have proven far less durable – most families quickly moved on from their placement neighborhoods to neighborhoods that were quite poor and very racially segregated. Based on indepth interviews with 58 Gautreaux Two participants and their children, we find that the primary factors motivating secondary moves included substandard unit quality and hassles with landlords. Other factors included feelings of social isolation due to poor integration into the new neighborhood, distance from kin, transportation difficulties, children’s negative reaction to the new neighborhood, and financial difficulties. Policy implications include the need for further pre and postmove housing counseling for families in mobility programs. Briggs, Xavier de Souza, Kadija Ferryman, Susan J. Popkin & Maria Rendon, “Why didn't the moving to opportunity experiment get children to better schools”, Housing Policy Debate 19: 5391 (2008) 3
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Annotated Bibliography of Housing Mobility Research 2006-2010

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