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Green Diode-Pumped Solid-State Laser Systems (Hardware)

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Operator’s Manual for<br />

<strong>Green</strong> <strong>Diode</strong>-<strong>Pumped</strong> <strong>Solid</strong>-<strong>State</strong><br />

<strong>Laser</strong> <strong>Systems</strong> (<strong>Hardware</strong>)<br />

This manual covers the following lasers and laser systems:<br />

58 GLS 201 58 GSS 201<br />

58 GLS 301 58 GSS 301<br />

58 GLS 305 58 GSS 305<br />

58 GLS 309 58 GSS 309<br />

Manufactured by<br />

1<br />

Melles Griot <strong>Laser</strong> and Electro-Optics Group<br />

2051 Palomar Airport Road, 200 ■ Carlsbad, California ■ 92009 ■ USA<br />

Tel: (760) 438-2131 ■ Fax: (760) 438-5208<br />

E-mail: sales@carlsbad.mellesgriot.com<br />

www.mellesgriot.com<br />

DCR:M1309 L10705-1 (A) 010309 Copyright Melles Griot, April 2001


Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those<br />

specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure.<br />

Wenn andere als die hier angebenen Kontrollfunktionen oder Einstellungen<br />

oder die Ausführung von Abläufen erfolgen, kann zu einer Aussetzung von<br />

gefährlicher Strahlung führen.<br />

The 58GES, GLS, and GSS microlaser systems are protected under the following United <strong>State</strong>s<br />

Patents and other Patents Pending: #4,809,291, #5,574,740, #5,751,751, #5,761,227, and<br />

#5,771,324.


NOTICE: This manual contains specifications, descriptions, and drawings for diode-pumped<br />

solid-state lasers manufactured by Melles Griot.<br />

Product specifications contained in this manual are subject to change by Melles Griot <strong>Laser</strong><br />

Group without prior notice. Melles Griot will not be responsible for errors or omissions in this<br />

manual, or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing or use of<br />

this information.<br />

The information contained in this manual is the property of Melles Griot <strong>Laser</strong> Group. This<br />

document may not be photocopied, duplicated, or reproduced by any means without the prior<br />

written consent of Melles Griot <strong>Laser</strong> Group.<br />

Comments or suggestions regarding this manual are appreciated and should be sent to the<br />

following address:<br />

Publication date: April 2001<br />

© 2001 Melles Griot<br />

Melles Griot <strong>Laser</strong> Group<br />

2051 Palomar Airport Road, 200<br />

Carlsbad, California 92009, USA<br />

Attention: Customer Service<br />

Phone (760) 438-2131<br />

Fax (760) 438-5208<br />

E-mail: sales@carlsbad.mellesgriot.com<br />

www.mellesgriot.com<br />

1 i


Table of Contents<br />

Table of Contents .............................................................iii<br />

Introduction .......................................................................1<br />

About This Manual........................................................................................................ 1<br />

For Your Safety ..................................................................5<br />

1.1 Safety Features ..................................................................................................... 5<br />

1.2 Electrical Safety ..................................................................................................... 5<br />

1.3 <strong>Laser</strong> Safety........................................................................................................... 6<br />

Initial Installation ..............................................................9<br />

2.1 Unpacking Your System ........................................................................................ 9<br />

2.2 Identifying Components ........................................................................................10<br />

2.3 Connecting the Components ................................................................................11<br />

System Description .........................................................13<br />

3.1 <strong>Laser</strong> Properties ...................................................................................................13<br />

3.2 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors....................................................................15<br />

Operating Your System....................................................19<br />

4.1 Turning On the <strong>Laser</strong> System ...............................................................................19<br />

4.2 Turning Off the <strong>Laser</strong> System ...............................................................................20<br />

4.3 Pulsing the <strong>Laser</strong> System .....................................................................................21<br />

4.4 Operating the System Using the External Interface Connector.............................21<br />

Preventive Maintenance..................................................23<br />

5.1 Aperture Window Cleaning Procedure..................................................................23<br />

5.2 Heat-Sink Fins Cleaning Procedure......................................................................24<br />

5.3 In Case of Difficulty...............................................................................................25<br />

Specifications ..................................................................27<br />

A1 Optical Specifications ............................................................................................27<br />

A2 Electrical Specifications.........................................................................................28<br />

A3 Environmental Specifications ................................................................................28<br />

A4 Dimensions............................................................................................................29<br />

Mounting and OEM Considerations .................................31<br />

B1 Mounting Considerations.......................................................................................31<br />

B2 Cooling Considerations .........................................................................................31<br />

B3 Compliance Considerations...................................................................................31<br />

Technology Notes............................................................33<br />

1 iii


C1 Slope Efficiency.....................................................................................................33<br />

C2 The V/I Curve ........................................................................................................34<br />

C3 External Interface ..................................................................................................35<br />

C4 RS-232 Interface Connector..................................................................................37<br />

C5 Thermistor Characteristics ....................................................................................38<br />

Compliance Information ..................................................39<br />

D1 Radio-Frequency Emission Compliance ...............................................................39<br />

D2 <strong>Laser</strong> Emission Compliance..................................................................................39<br />

D3 <strong>Laser</strong> Emissions and Fusing .................................................................................39<br />

D4 <strong>Laser</strong> Safety Warnings..........................................................................................40<br />

Service, Support, and Warranty.......................................43<br />

E1 Sales and Service Offices .....................................................................................43<br />

E2 Warranty................................................................................................................45<br />

iv


58 Series green<br />

diode-pumped<br />

solid-state laser<br />

head<br />

Introduction<br />

Congratulations on your purchase of a Melles Griot Series 58 Series green,<br />

diode-pumped solid-state (DPSS) laser system. These laser systems<br />

represent the state of the art in DPSS laser design, providing high output<br />

power, low noise, and long life in a compact unit. These systems are<br />

available in both OEM and laboratory configurations, with power ranging<br />

from two to three watts.<br />

Four families of product constitute the 58 Series of green DPSS lasers:<br />

The 58 GLS XXX lasers have a single low-noise (


Introduction<br />

to the system or accidental injury to the operator. Please read Chapters 1<br />

through 4 completely before attempting to operate the laser system, and<br />

carefully heed all cautionary notes. If you have any questions or<br />

comments about this manual or the laser system itself, please call your<br />

local sales or service office (see Appendix E), or contact the factory at<br />

(760) 438-2131 and ask for Customer Service.<br />

The structure of this manual<br />

Chapter 1, For Your Safety, discusses the safety issues involved with laser<br />

devices in general and CDRH Class IV (IEC Class 4) visible lasers in<br />

particular. Chapter 2, Initial Installation, describes the steps needed to<br />

safely unpack, inspect, and set up the system. Chapter 3, System<br />

Description, presents an overall view of how the system operates, and<br />

describes the function of each accessible control, indicator, and connector.<br />

Chapter 4, Operating Your System, contains a detailed, step-by-step<br />

procedure for operating the system to achieve the best possible results.<br />

Chapter 5, Preventive Maintenance describes how to care for your system<br />

and how to report difficulties.<br />

This manual also contains several appendixes. Appendix A details the<br />

specifications of the 58 Series green DPSS laser systems, including outline<br />

and mounting drawings. Appendix B discusses mounting and compliance<br />

considerations of importance to OEM customers. Appendix C provides<br />

technical information regarding components within your laser system.<br />

Appendix D describes the compliance criteria met by the laser system and<br />

shows facsimiles of various required logotypes and labels. Finally,<br />

Appendix E describes the comprehensive Melles Griot warranty and gives<br />

the contact information for our worldwide service and support<br />

organization.<br />

Conventions used in this manual<br />

Throughout this manual you will find information about potentially<br />

dangerous or hazardous conditions and useful notes vital for your safety.<br />

The significance of the notations is explained below.<br />

DPSS lasers are high-voltage devices. Improper use can expose the<br />

operator or others to potentially lethal voltages. The “Hazard” icon,<br />

represented by a triangle with a lightning bolt, identifies precautions<br />

needed to avoid electrical injury or damage to the equipment.<br />

The 58 Series green DPSS lasers are Class IV (Class 4) devices (as<br />

determined by the Center for Devices and Radiological Health of the<br />

Federal Drug Administration and the International Electrotechnical<br />

Commission respectively), and the skin and eyes will be damaged if<br />

exposed to the direct or scattered laser beam. The “Danger” icon,<br />

2


epresented by a triangle with laser burst, identifies precautions needed to<br />

avoid injury from the laser beam to anyone in the area.<br />

The “Note” icon, represented by a triangle with an exclamation point,<br />

indicates information that is particularly important to the optimum<br />

performance of the laser system or information about the procedure or<br />

topic under discussion.<br />

The following acronyms are used in this manual:<br />

CDRH<br />

cw<br />

FCC<br />

IEC<br />

LED<br />

OEM<br />

Center for Devices and Radiological Health<br />

continuous wave<br />

Federal Communications Commission<br />

International Electrotechnical Commission<br />

light-emitting diode<br />

original equipment manufacturer<br />

The following abbreviations and symbols are used in this manual:<br />

" inch<br />

o C<br />

degrees celcius<br />

µrad<br />

microradian<br />

A<br />

amp (ampere)<br />

ac<br />

alternating current<br />

c<br />

speed of light<br />

cm<br />

centimeter<br />

dc<br />

direct current<br />

DVM digital voltmeter<br />

Hz<br />

Hertz (cycles per second)<br />

in.<br />

inch<br />

kg<br />

kilogram<br />

kHz<br />

kilohertz<br />

lb<br />

U.S. pound<br />

m<br />

meter<br />

MHz<br />

megahertz<br />

mm<br />

millimeter<br />

mrad<br />

milliradian<br />

mW<br />

milliwatt<br />

nm<br />

nanometer<br />

p-p<br />

peak-to-peak<br />

rms<br />

root-mean-squared<br />

V<br />

volt<br />

Vac<br />

volts ac<br />

Vdc<br />

volts dc<br />

W<br />

watt<br />

1 3


Introduction<br />

To designate the controls, indicators, and connectors in this manual, the<br />

following conventions are used:<br />

<strong>Hardware</strong> labels: These are written as they appear on the hardware (e.g., if<br />

a control is labeled “POWER” on the hardware, it will<br />

be called the POWER control in this manual; if it is<br />

labeled “Power” on the hardware, it will be referred to as<br />

the Power control).<br />

Item names: Controls, connectors, and other items that do not have<br />

labels will be referred to by initial capitals (e.g., <strong>Laser</strong><br />

Emission Indicator).<br />

4


Chapter 1<br />

For Your Safety<br />

Introduction<br />

Please read this chapter carefully before installing or operating your laser.<br />

It includes important safety information about your laser system.<br />

This chapter includes information about:<br />

•<br />

•<br />

•<br />

•<br />

1.1 Safety Features<br />

Safety features built into 58 Series green DPSS laser systems<br />

Safety instructions to follow to avoid accidental electrical shock<br />

Safety instructions to follow to avoid accidental beam exposure<br />

References on laser safety<br />

Because your safety is paramount, your new 58 Series green DPSS laser<br />

system has many built-in safety features to help ensure that the laser emits<br />

light only when you want it to and only when you have determined that<br />

conditions are safe for it to do so. A <strong>Laser</strong> Enable/Disable key switch<br />

prevents unauthorized access. <strong>Laser</strong> Emission Indicators on the power<br />

supply glow whenever laser emission is possible. To prevent accidental<br />

exposure to the laser beam, there is, at minimum, a 3-second delay<br />

between the time the <strong>Laser</strong> On button is pressed and laser emission occurs.<br />

A safety interlock system prevents the laser from operating unless all<br />

cables are properly connected, and remote interlock connections are<br />

provided that can be configured to shut the laser off if a laboratory door or<br />

an instrument access panel is inadvertently opened. Finally, a solid<br />

manual shutter is available that can block all laser radiation in an<br />

emergency.<br />

Please keep in mind, however, that these built-in features will not protect<br />

you or your equipment if you do not adhere to the specific precautions and<br />

instructions delineated in this manual.<br />

All maintenance or service requiring access to the interior of the laser or<br />

power supply must be performed by an authorized Melles Griot<br />

representative.<br />

1.2 Electrical Safety<br />

The 58 Series green DPSS lasers operate at potentially lethal voltages.<br />

These voltages are present in the power supply even when the unit is<br />

turned off. Consequently, all service requiring access to the interior of the<br />

laser head or power supply must be performed by a qualified Melles Griot<br />

1 5


For Your Safety<br />

technician. There are no user-serviceable parts or controls inside the<br />

protective housings of the laser or power supply, and the laser system<br />

must never be operated with the covers removed.<br />

The laser power supply contains circuits that operate at high voltage.<br />

THESE VOLTAGES CAN BE LETHAL. Refer any service<br />

requiring access to the inside of the laser head or power supply to<br />

your nearest Melles Griot authorized representative.<br />

• DO NOT disconnect the protective ground terminal on the power<br />

supply ac line cord.<br />

• DO NOT use a grounding adapter to plug the power supply into a twowire<br />

outlet. Have a grounded three-wire outlet installed by a qualified<br />

electrician.<br />

• DO NOT attempt to defeat the interlocks (see <strong>Laser</strong> Emission Control<br />

Devices in Appendix D).<br />

• ALWAYS disconnect the power to the power supply before<br />

connecting or disconnecting the cables between the laser head and the<br />

power supply.<br />

1.3 <strong>Laser</strong> Safety<br />

<strong>Laser</strong> light can be hazardous if it comes in contact with the skin or the eye,<br />

causing burns, eye damage, and even blindness. The 58 Series laser<br />

systems described in this manual are designed solely for use by OEM<br />

manufacturers that are incorporating the lasers into equipment for resale.<br />

As such, they are not required to meet all of the safety and labeling<br />

requirements set forth in CDRH regulations 21 CFR 1040.10 and<br />

European norm EN 60825-1:1994. Nevertheless, all of the electrical<br />

requirements of these regulations (e.g., key switches, warning lights,<br />

interlocks, and time delays) are built into the systems and are easily<br />

accessible to the OEM manufacturer. Unless especially equipped, the<br />

lasers do not include the laser output shutter and compliance labels<br />

required of end-user Class IV (Class 4) laser systems.<br />

The 58 Series green DPSS lasers are classified as CDRH Class IV/IEC<br />

Class 4 devices, indicating that they are considered to be an acute hazard<br />

to the skin and eyes from direct and scattered radiation. This class of laser<br />

can also be a fire hazard if not used properly.<br />

Never look into the laser beam, with or without appropriate safety<br />

goggles. Permanent eye damage or blindness will result!<br />

Keep all parts of the body and reflective materials out of the beam path as<br />

well.<br />

6


Chapter 1<br />

The 58 Series green DPSS laser systems should not be operated unless all<br />

appropriate safety precautions are taken. These include, but are not<br />

limited to:<br />

• Providing enclosed paths for laser beams whenever possible.<br />

• Ensuring that the work space is well ventilated. Toxic or noxious<br />

airborne contaminants may be released when the laser beam strikes<br />

some materials.<br />

• Maintaining a high ambient light level in the laser operation area. This<br />

keeps the pupil of the eye contracted and may reduce the severity of<br />

damage from an inadvertent exposure.<br />

• Ensuring that no combustible material is near the laser head or in or<br />

near the beam path to constitute a fire hazard. Some fire-fighting<br />

equipment (e.g., a fire extinguisher) should be in the area.<br />

• Wearing appropriate approved laser safety glasses when working<br />

around a functioning laser device.<br />

• Wearing appropriate protective clothing made from a suitable flame<br />

and heat-resistant material. Do not wear rings, metallic watchbands,<br />

or other metallic and/or reflective objects.<br />

• Designating a controlled area specifically for laser operation. Access<br />

to this area should be limited to those individuals who have been<br />

instructed in the safe operation of lasers.<br />

• Posting warning signs in conspicuous locations near the laser area.<br />

• Setting up laser equipment so that the beam is not at eye level.<br />

• Setting up a target covered with flat black paint or other anti-reflective<br />

coating and using shields as necessary to prevent strong reflections<br />

from going beyond the area where the laser is being used.<br />

Adjustments, use of controls, or performance of procedures other than<br />

those specified in this manual may result in exposure to hazardous laser<br />

radiation.<br />

For more information on laser safety, the following sources are available:<br />

• Safe Use of <strong>Laser</strong>s (Z136.1), published by:<br />

The American National Standards Institute (ANSI)<br />

11 West 42nd Street<br />

New York, NY 10036<br />

Tel: (212) 642-4900<br />

1 7


For Your Safety<br />

• A Guide for Control of <strong>Laser</strong> Hazards, published by:<br />

The American Conference of Governmental and Industrial Hygienists<br />

(ACGIH)<br />

1330 Kemper Meadow Drive<br />

Cincinnati, OH 45240<br />

Tel: (513) 742-2020<br />

• <strong>Laser</strong> Safety Guide*, published by:<br />

The <strong>Laser</strong> Institute of America<br />

12424 Research Parkway, Suite 125<br />

Orlando, FL 32826<br />

Tel: (407) 380-1553.<br />

*Also available from Melles Griot<br />

8


Chapter 2<br />

Initial Installation<br />

Introduction<br />

This chapter includes information about:<br />

•<br />

•<br />

•<br />

Unpacking the 58 Series green DPSS laser system<br />

Inspecting the system for damage and completeness<br />

Connecting the components of the system<br />

2.1 Unpacking Your System<br />

Retain the shipping container. If required, replacement shipping<br />

containers may be purchased from Melles Griot. Especially designed to<br />

protect the laser system during shipment, it should always be used to ship<br />

the system to Melles Griot for service.<br />

Save the original shipping container!<br />

Melles Griot cannot honor the warranty for equipment not returned in the<br />

original package.<br />

Immediately upon receipt of your Melles Griot 58 Series green DPSS<br />

laser, inspect the packaging for obvious signs of damage. The laser’s<br />

packaging is quite substantial and will protect the equipment from normal<br />

shipping stresses. If, however, the packing cartons are significantly<br />

damaged and you suspect damage has occurred to one of the components,<br />

file a claim with the shipper and have a representative from the shipper<br />

present when the unit is unpacked.<br />

When unpacking the laser system, observe the following steps:<br />

• Unpack the contents in a clean, dry, static-free environment.<br />

During removal of the contents from the shipping carton, the possibility<br />

exists for electrostatic discharge (ESD) that can damage the system. To<br />

minimize this risk, a shorting connector is attached to the power cable. Do<br />

not remove this connector until advised to do so in subsection 2.3.<br />

• Look for dents, scratches, broken switches, and other obvious signs of<br />

damage to the components. If any damage is evident, immediately file<br />

a claim with the shipper and contact your nearest Melles Griot<br />

representative. Do not attempt to repair any damaged items.<br />

Melles Griot will arrange for repair without waiting for the claim<br />

settlement.<br />

1 9


Initial Installation<br />

• Ensure that the shorting connector is firmly in place on the laser power<br />

connector.<br />

• Inspect all cables and connectors for bent or broken pins and broken<br />

wires.<br />

• Check packing list to ensure that all items are present.<br />

2.2 Identifying Components<br />

The following components, along with any options, should always be<br />

included in your shipment.<br />

1. 58 Series green DPSS laser head. There are several different models.<br />

Check the factory label on the laser head and the final test data sheet to<br />

determine that you have received the correct unit.<br />

2. Model 58 PSM 290 Power Supply. Check the setup label on the<br />

bottom of the unit to verify that you have the correct supply for the<br />

laser head.<br />

Power supplies are programmed for specific laser heads. Power supplies<br />

and laser heads are not interchangeable. Using the incorrect power supply<br />

with a laser head may cause severe and permanent damage to the laser.<br />

Such damage is not covered under the Melles Griot warranty.<br />

3. Power cable (permanently attached to the laser head).<br />

4. Signal cable (permanently attached to the laser head).<br />

5. Shorting connector. This connector is installed on the power cable<br />

(item 3) to prevent damage from electrostatic discharge (ESD). If this<br />

connector is not firmly in place when the system is unpacked, contact<br />

the factory immediately.<br />

6. Power cord (US shipments only).<br />

7. Final Inspection Data Sheet. This document shows the laser<br />

performance and quality checks at the factory, prior to shipment.<br />

8. Operator's manual.<br />

9. Keys (two). These are used to operate the power supply.<br />

In addition to the items mentioned above, which should be included in<br />

every shipment, the following accessories may have been ordered. For<br />

more information about these accessories, see Appendix B.<br />

• 58 ASG XXX collimator (for 58 GSS and 58 GLS series)<br />

Please call your Melles Griot representative if you have any questions<br />

about the options or components supplied with this laser system.<br />

10


Chapter 2<br />

2.3 Connecting the Components<br />

The following steps will guide you through the process of connecting the<br />

components. Do not connect the ac power cable to the power supply until<br />

instructed to do so in step 7. If you experience difficulty in identifying<br />

any of the controls mentioned below, please review the following chapter,<br />

System Description.<br />

1. Secure the laser head in a stationary position.<br />

2. Remove the black plastic cover or taped lens tissue from the output<br />

aperture on the laser head.<br />

3. Check to see that the AC Input rocker switch on the back panel of the<br />

power supply is in the O (off) position.<br />

4. Check to see that the key switch on the power supply is turned to the<br />

<strong>Laser</strong> Disable position.<br />

5. Verify that the male DB-15 connector is attached to the External<br />

Interface port on the front panel of the power supply. For the system<br />

to operate, pin 3 must be shorted to pin 11. For details on the use of<br />

the External Interface port, see Appendix C.<br />

6. Connect the ac power cord to the power supply and plug it into the<br />

power receptacle.<br />

7. Remove the shorting connector from the laser head power cable<br />

connector and immediately connect the cable to POWER connector on<br />

the rear panel of the power supply. Tighten the screw mounts on the<br />

connector to ensure a firm contact to the power supply. Failure to do<br />

so can cause significant damage to the system.<br />

8. Connect the laser head signal connector to the SIGNAL connector on<br />

the rear panel of the power supply. Tighten the screw mounts on the<br />

connector to ensure a firm contact to the power supply. Failure to do<br />

so can cause significant damage to the system.<br />

Whenever the laser head is disconnected from the power supply, there is a<br />

risk of damage from electrostatic discharge. To minimize/eliminate this<br />

risk, a shorting connector is attached to the power cable on delivery. In<br />

the following step, the shorting connector is removed. When the<br />

connector is removed, do not touch any of the pins on the power cable.<br />

Severe damage to the laser head could result. Be sure to retain the<br />

shorting connector for later use.<br />

9. Insert the key into the key switch and turn it clockwise to the <strong>Laser</strong><br />

Enable position.<br />

10. Look at the indicator lights on the front of the power supply. The<br />

Main Power indicator should be glowing green. If it does not light,<br />

please refer to Chapter 5, In Case of Difficulty, or contact your factory<br />

service representative.<br />

1 11


Initial Installation<br />

11. Disconnect the ac power cord from the power receptacle and proceed<br />

to the next chapter.<br />

12


Chapter 3<br />

System Description<br />

Introduction<br />

This chapter describes the overall operation of the 58 Series green DPSS<br />

laser systems and gives a functional description of all user-accessible<br />

controls, indicators and connectors.<br />

This chapter includes information about:<br />

• The properties of a laser<br />

• The function of controls, indicators, and connectors.<br />

3.1 <strong>Laser</strong> Properties<br />

The term “laser” was coined from the acronym for light amplification by<br />

stimulated emission of radiation. The theory behind the laser is beyond<br />

the scope of this manual, but it is important to identify the basic properties<br />

of lasers in general, and diode-pumped solid-state lasers in particular.<br />

General laser properties<br />

All lasers produce intense beams of light that are monochromatic,<br />

coherent, and highly collimated. The wavelength (color) of the laser light<br />

is extremely pure (monochromatic) when compared to other sources of<br />

light, and all of the photons (energy) that make up the laser beam have a<br />

fixed phase relationship (coherence) with one another. This causes the<br />

light to form a beam with a very low rate of expansion (highly collimated)<br />

that can travel over great distances, or can be focused to a very small spot<br />

with a brightness that can approximate that of the sun. Because of these<br />

properties, lasers are used in a wide variety of applications in all walks of<br />

life.<br />

<strong>Laser</strong> modes and the quality factor<br />

All laser beams have a mode structure that is determined by the specific<br />

properties of the laser design.<br />

• The spatial or transverse mode structure describes the phase<br />

relationships across the beam’s wave front and determines the beam’s<br />

diameter, divergence, and intensity profile. TEM 00 is the designation<br />

of the fundamental, or lowest order spatial mode. It is characterized<br />

by a Gaussian intensity profile with intensity at a maximum on the axis<br />

and decreasing monotonically away from the axis. The TEM 00 mode<br />

also has the smallest beam diameter, the smallest beam divergence,<br />

and the best quality factor (see below). Higher order mode lasers<br />

(referred to as multimode lasers) have wave fronts with complex phase<br />

relationships, larger beam diameters, and higher divergence. In<br />

1 13


Operating Your System<br />

general, multimode lasers have flatter intensity profiles with localized<br />

maximums and minimums across the wave front.<br />

• The quality factor or M 2 factor is an indication of how closely the<br />

beam propagation characteristics of a laser compare to those of a<br />

theoretical TEM 00 mode. The lower the number, the better the match.<br />

For a perfect match, M 2 = 1. Typical lasers operating in a TEM 00<br />

mode have M 2 values less than 1.5.<br />

DPSS laser properties<br />

<strong>Diode</strong>-pumped solid-state lasers combine the best attributes of several<br />

laser types. They couple the excellent beam characteristics of gas lasers<br />

with the efficiency, long-life, and low power consumption of<br />

semiconductor diode lasers. In a DPSS laser, the output of semiconductor<br />

diode lasers is used to pump (excite) doped vanadate crystal with output at<br />

1064 nm or 914 nm. By using nonlinear doubling techniques, the infrared<br />

output can then be converted to visible output at 532 nm (green) or 457<br />

nm (blue) wavelengths. Because the overall power consumption is low<br />

the units can be air cooled, eliminating the need for water pumps,<br />

deionizers, and heat exchangers. (Note: for information on the<br />

characteristics of semiconductor diode lasers, see Appendix C.)<br />

Light control vs current control<br />

DPSS lasers normally operate in the cw (continuous wave) mode, making<br />

them very amenable to light control. With light control, as illustrated in<br />

figure 3-1, the laser output beam is monitored by a feedback circuit that<br />

controls the current to the semiconductor diode pump laser. If the overall<br />

laser output power decreases, the current to the pump laser is increased,<br />

and vice versa, maintaining the light output at a preset value. In current<br />

control, the diode laser current is kept constant at all times, and the light<br />

output is allowed to vary. In addition to keeping the light output constant,<br />

light control dramatically reduces high-frequency beam noise, particularly<br />

in the region below 3 kHz.<br />

Figure 3-1<br />

Block diagram of lightcontrol<br />

circuit<br />

<strong>Laser</strong><br />

Amplifier<br />

Photodetector<br />

Beam Splitter<br />

<strong>Laser</strong><br />

Output<br />

<strong>Laser</strong> Head<br />

Feedback Circuit<br />

Power Supply<br />

14


Chapter 3<br />

58 GLS- and GSS-Series green DPSS lasers can operate in either lightcontrol<br />

or current-control mode.<br />

3.2 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors<br />

In this section, every operator-accessible control, indicator, and connector<br />

is described. The components are grouped by category, and within each<br />

category, the controls are listed in alphabetical order.<br />

<strong>Laser</strong> head<br />

<strong>Laser</strong> Aperture Shutter (optional): This mechanical shutter physically<br />

blocks the laser beam when in the closed position. It is required for all<br />

lasers intended for stand-alone operation. It is not included in systems<br />

intended for incorporation into OEM equipment.<br />

Power Cable (connector): This five-pin low-inductance male connector<br />

carries the main laser current from the power supply.<br />

Semiconductor diode laser devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge<br />

(ESD). To prevent damage from ESD, the system is shipped with a<br />

shorting connector attached to the power cable connector. The shorting<br />

connector should be used whenever the laser head is not attached to the<br />

power supply.<br />

Signal Cable (connector): This male DB-25 connector carries the laser<br />

signals between the power supply and the laser head.<br />

1 15


Operating Your System<br />

Figure 3-2<br />

Layout of controls,<br />

indicators, and connectors<br />

on the power supply<br />

Power supply<br />

16


Chapter 3<br />

Power Entry Module (rocker switch and line plug): This master<br />

switch, located on the back panel of the power supply near the Line<br />

connector, controls the ac power to the system. When the switch is in the<br />

O (off) position, no ac power is present and the system is inoperable.<br />

External Interface (connector): This DB-15 female connector on the<br />

front panel of the power supply allows the 58 Series green DPSS laser to<br />

be controlled remotely by external devices. It is also used to incorporate<br />

external safety interlocks (e.g., door switches) into the system.<br />

Appendix C lists the functions/connections of each pin for the<br />

58 PSM 290 power supply.<br />

<strong>Laser</strong> Disable/Enable (key switch): Turning the <strong>Laser</strong> Disable/Enable<br />

switch to the Enable position activates the thermoelectric coolers (TECs)<br />

for both the diode laser and laser crystal and drives the temperature toward<br />

predetermined set points. The key must be in the <strong>Laser</strong> Enable position for<br />

the laser to operate. For safety compliance, the key cannot be removed<br />

while the laser is in operation. Control of these keys should remain in the<br />

possession of persons who are fully familiar with, and trained in, laser<br />

safety. Except in an emergency, do not use this key switch to shut down<br />

an operating laser. Use the <strong>Laser</strong> Off button.<br />

Turning the key to the <strong>Laser</strong> Disable position turns off both TECs<br />

immediately. The fans on the laser head and power supply will continue<br />

to operate for a minimum of 60 seconds.<br />

<strong>Laser</strong> Emission (indicators): For redundancy, two laser emission<br />

indicators are present on the power supply. To indicate imminent laser<br />

emission, one indicator will begin blinking when the <strong>Laser</strong> On button is<br />

pressed. Both indicators will be illuminated continuously when laser light<br />

is being emitted from the laser aperture. When the <strong>Laser</strong> Off button is<br />

pressed, both indicators turn off immediately.<br />

<strong>Laser</strong> Off (button): Pressing this button initiates the laser shut-down<br />

procedure. The laser beam and both <strong>Laser</strong> Emission indicators are<br />

extinguished immediately, and after approximately 60 seconds, the<br />

cooling fans stop. The thermoelectric coolers on the laser diode and the<br />

laser crystal will remain activated until the <strong>Laser</strong> Enable/<strong>Laser</strong> Disable<br />

key switch is turned to the <strong>Laser</strong> Disable position. The Main Power<br />

indicator will remain lit until the AC Input rocker switch is put in the O<br />

(off) position.<br />

<strong>Laser</strong> On (button): Pressing this button initiates the laser start-up<br />

procedure. The cooling fans turn on immediately, and, after<br />

approximately three seconds, laser light will be emitted from the laser<br />

aperture.<br />

Line/Toggle (connector): This compound connector is used to attach the<br />

ac power cord to the power supply and contains the AC Input toggle<br />

switch (listed above)<br />

1 17


Operating Your System<br />

Main Power (indicator): This indicator is lit green whenever ac power is<br />

applied to the system and the <strong>Laser</strong> Enable/<strong>Laser</strong> Disable key switch is in<br />

the <strong>Laser</strong> Enable position.<br />

POWER (connector): This 5-pin female connector is attached to the<br />

Power Cable connector from the laser head.<br />

RS-232 (connector): This female DB-9 connector on the front panel of<br />

the power supply allows the laser to be controlled remotely from a<br />

personal computer or other device equipped with an RS-232C serial<br />

interface. The pin connections are described in Table C-4 in Appendix C.<br />

The RS-232 command set and syntax is described in the DPSS Software<br />

Reference.<br />

SIGNAL (connector): This DB-25 female connector is attached to the<br />

Signal Cable connector from the laser head.<br />

System Fault (indicator): This indicator blinks in groups when there is<br />

an out-of-tolerance condition in the laser or if the safety interlock<br />

connection is broken. If this indicator is lit, the laser will not start, or, if<br />

the laser is on, it will immediately shut off. The number of blinks in a<br />

group indicates the nature of the fault.<br />

1 blink: Interlock open<br />

2 blinks: Compliance limit error<br />

3 blinks: Base Temperature error<br />

4 blinks: Crystal Temperature error<br />

5 blinks: <strong>Laser</strong> Temperature error<br />

6 blinks: Power Supply error<br />

7 blinks: <strong>Hardware</strong> Read error<br />

18


Chapter 4<br />

Operating Your System<br />

Introduction<br />

You are now ready to turn on your laser system. The paragraphs below<br />

will guide you through the steps required to operate your 58 Series green<br />

DPSS laser<br />

This chapter includes information about:<br />

•<br />

•<br />

•<br />

•<br />

Turning on the laser system<br />

Turning off the laser system<br />

Operating in a pulsed mode<br />

Controlling the system remotely<br />

4.1 Turning On the <strong>Laser</strong> System<br />

The following procedure assumes that the laser has been set up as<br />

described in chapter 2, section 2.3, Connecting the Components.<br />

1. Make sure that pin 3 and pin 11 on the External Interface connector<br />

are shorted together, either directly or through an external interlock.<br />

2. Plug the system into the appropriate ac power receptacle.<br />

3. Slide the Aperture Beam Block Shutter on the laser head (if so<br />

equipped) to the open position (with yellow stripe visible), being<br />

certain to observe all of the cautions described in Chapter 1, For Your<br />

Safety.<br />

4. Turn the AC Input rocker switch on the back panel of the power<br />

supply to the | (on) position. The Main Power indicator should be fully<br />

illuminated.<br />

As soon as the AC Input rocker switch is turned to the | position, the<br />

power supply front System Fault red LED and right one of two <strong>Laser</strong><br />

Emission orange LED will light, then the power supply front Main<br />

Power green LED indicator will flash three times and an internal<br />

audible alarm will beep three time. Finally, the Main Power LED<br />

indicator will glow continuously and the System Fault and <strong>Laser</strong><br />

Emission indicators will extinguish. If the System Fault indicator<br />

continues to blink, refer to the System Fault indicator paragraph in<br />

Section 3.2 for error codes.<br />

5. Turn the <strong>Laser</strong> Enable/<strong>Laser</strong> Disable key switch to the <strong>Laser</strong> Enable<br />

position.<br />

1 19


Operating Your System<br />

Always observe the safety precautions outlined in Chapter 1, For Your<br />

Safety<br />

Except in an emergency situation, never turn the <strong>Laser</strong> Enable/<strong>Laser</strong><br />

Disable key switch to the <strong>Laser</strong> Disable position until the laser has cooled<br />

down and the fans have stopped running.<br />

6. Press and release the <strong>Laser</strong> On button. The right <strong>Laser</strong> Emission<br />

indicator will blink for approximately three seconds, and an audible<br />

beep will be heard, to indicate that the initiation procedure is in<br />

progress. At the end of this initiation procedure, laser light will be<br />

emitted from the laser aperture, and both <strong>Laser</strong> Emission indicators<br />

will then glow continuously to indicate that laser light is being emitted<br />

from the laser system.<br />

4.2 Turning Off the <strong>Laser</strong> System<br />

The following steps are to be performed when turning off the laser.<br />

1. Press the <strong>Laser</strong> Off button. The laser light will immediately turn off<br />

and the system shut-down sequence will begin.<br />

2. The laser beam and both <strong>Laser</strong> Emission indicators will immediately<br />

be extinguished. The fans in the laser head and power supply will<br />

continue to run. After 60 seconds, the fans will shut off. Turn the<br />

<strong>Laser</strong> Disable/Enable key switch to the <strong>Laser</strong> Disable position. The<br />

Main Power indicator will remain on.<br />

Turning the <strong>Laser</strong> Disable/Enable key to the <strong>Laser</strong> Disable position<br />

turns off the thermoelectric coolers controlling the temperature of the<br />

laser crystal and laser diode. The Main Power indicator will remain<br />

on until the AC Input rocker switch is put in the O (off ) position.<br />

3. Remove the key and store it in a safe location.<br />

It is not absolutely necessary to switch the AC Input rocker switch to the<br />

O (off) position, since the unit draws only a small amount of current to<br />

power the microprocessors.<br />

4. Turn off the ac power by switching the AC Input rocker switch on the<br />

back panel to the O (off) position (see note).<br />

The System Fault indicator will blink once and a single audible beep<br />

will be heard. The Main Power indicator will slowly extinguish as the<br />

input filter capacitor discharges.<br />

If, at this time, the system will be disassembled for relocation or storage,<br />

perform the following steps.<br />

20


Chapter 4<br />

5. Disconnect the power supply from all ac voltages by removing the line<br />

cord from the rear of the unit.<br />

6. Disconnect the Power Cable attached to the laser head from the rear<br />

panel of the power supply, and immediately install the shorting<br />

connector on the cable connector to prevent ESD damage to the laser<br />

head.<br />

7. Disconnect the Signal Cable attached to the laser head from the rear<br />

panel of the power supply.<br />

8. Cover the output aperture window on the laser head with a clean, dry<br />

lens tissue, or close the laser aperture shutter, if supplied.<br />

9. Carefully place both units, cables, key, and power cord in the original<br />

shipping carton. Store in a clean, dry, static-free area in compliance<br />

with the storage temperature parameters specified in Appendix A,<br />

<strong>Laser</strong> Specifications.<br />

4.3 Pulsing the <strong>Laser</strong> System<br />

A 58 Series green DPSS laser system equipped with the 58 PSM 290<br />

power supply has the capability to operate continuously (cw) or to be<br />

pulsed from 0 to 3 kHz by applying a TTL signal to pin 1 of the External<br />

Interface connector located on the front panel of the power supply.<br />

The 58 PSM 290 power supply also incorporates an internal pulse<br />

generator that is controlled via the RS-232 interface. Refer to the DPSS<br />

Software Reference for further information.<br />

4.4 Operating the System Using the External Interface Connector<br />

With the exception of the System Fault indicator, the connections<br />

described below duplicate all of the controls, and indicators available from<br />

the front panel of the power supply. The pin numbers are shown in<br />

parentheses.<br />

• <strong>Laser</strong> On (2 and 13 and 6 and 14): Momentarily and simultaneously<br />

shorting these pin pairs, and then removing the short, starts the laser on<br />

cycle. After a delay of at least 3 seconds, laser emission will occur.<br />

• <strong>Laser</strong> Off (10 and 13 or 7 and 14): Momentarily shorting either pin<br />

pair initiates the laser off cycle. The laser beam will immediately shut<br />

off and after approximately 60 seconds the fans will shut down.<br />

• Main Power Indicator (12, cathode and 14, anode): A +12 Vdc signal<br />

is present whenever AC power is supplied to the supply. This signal<br />

can be used to illuminate a remote LED.<br />

• <strong>Laser</strong> Emission Indicator (4 (cathode)and 14 (anode)): A +5 Vdc<br />

signal is present when laser emission is present. The signal pulses for<br />

1 21


Operating Your System<br />

at least 3 seconds, then is steady once laser emission occurs. When the<br />

<strong>Laser</strong> Off process is initiated, the signal ceases immediately. This<br />

signal can be used to illuminate a remote LED.<br />

For a complete listing of the pin connections on the External Interface<br />

connector, refer to Appendix C.<br />

4.5 Operating the System Using a Personal Computer<br />

For detailed information on operating the laser system using a personal<br />

computer, please refer to the manual titled “Operator’s Manual for <strong>Green</strong><br />

<strong>Diode</strong>-<strong>Pumped</strong> <strong>Solid</strong>-<strong>State</strong> <strong>Laser</strong> <strong>Systems</strong> (Software)”.<br />

22


Chapter 5<br />

Preventive Maintenance<br />

Introduction<br />

There are no user-serviceable parts in the 58 Series green DPSS laser, and<br />

preventive maintenance is limited to cleaning the laser aperture and the<br />

heat sink fins. All fuses are internal to the power supply and entry to the<br />

supply will void the manufacturer’s warranty.<br />

If a problem occurs with the system itself, it must be repaired by an<br />

authorized Melles Griot service representative or returned to a<br />

Melles Griot service center.<br />

This chapter includes information about:<br />

•<br />

•<br />

•<br />

Cleaning the laser aperture window<br />

Cleaning the heat-sink fins<br />

Information needed before contacting the factory.<br />

5.1 Aperture Window Cleaning Procedure<br />

Required Equipment<br />

• Dry nitrogen, canned air, or rubber squeeze bulb<br />

• Photographic quality lens tissue<br />

• Methanol (99.99% purity)<br />

Verify that the laser is turned off and the power supply is unplugged from<br />

all electrical sources.<br />

1. Wash hands thoroughly with a liquid detergent. Use clean, powder free<br />

latex gloves if available. Body oils and/or other contaminants can<br />

render cleaning procedures useless.<br />

2. Use dry nitrogen, canned air or a rubber squeeze bulb (available from<br />

your local camera supply shop) to blow dust or lint from the aperture<br />

window surface before cleaning with solvent. Permanent damage will<br />

occur if dust scratches the aperture window coating.<br />

Note: Do not use conventional compressed air, as it likely contains oils<br />

from the air compressor.<br />

3. Do not try to remove contamination with a cleaning solvent other than<br />

methanol (99.99% purity). Do not use acetone.<br />

4. Use photographic lens tissue to clean aperture window.<br />

1 23


Preventive Maintenance<br />

5. Clean window carefully. Make a single wipe with a smooth continuous<br />

motion using light pressure.<br />

6. Use each tissue only once; dirty tissue merely redistributes<br />

contamination, it does not remove it. If cleaning is still necessary, use<br />

a new piece of lens tissue.<br />

7. After cleaning the window, wait approximately 30 seconds to allow<br />

vapors to evaporate.<br />

Do not remove aperture window from the front of the <strong>Laser</strong> Head at any<br />

time. To do so will damage the unit and will void the manufacturer's<br />

warranty.<br />

5.2 Heat-Sink Fins Cleaning Procedure<br />

Required Equipment<br />

• Photographic quality lens tissue<br />

• Dry nitrogen or canned air<br />

• Clean soapy water<br />

• Lint free wipes<br />

1. Verify that the laser system is turned off and unplugged from electrical<br />

sources.<br />

2. Tape clean photographic quality lens tissue over the aperture window<br />

to protect window from contamination.<br />

3. Apply soapy water to a clean wipe.<br />

4. Carefully wipe front of fins. Do not let water run into interior of unit.<br />

5. Hold the fan in a fixed position using a screwdriver or similar-sized<br />

object to prevent damage caused by excessive rotation speed.<br />

6. Using dry nitrogen or canned air, blow-dry the fins being careful not to<br />

blow water into the interior of the unit.<br />

7. Carefully wipe down surrounding area for extraneous residues and/or<br />

contaminants.<br />

8. Carefully remove tissue from aperture window.<br />

9. Verify that no contaminants are presents on the window. If there are,<br />

follow the aperture window cleaning instructions described in<br />

paragraph 5.1.<br />

24


Chapter 5<br />

5.3 In Case of Difficulty<br />

If a problem occurs with your laser system that cannot be alleviated by the<br />

routine preventive maintenance procedures described above, it must be<br />

repaired by an authorized Melles Griot service representative or returned<br />

to a Melles Griot service center.<br />

Reporting information<br />

Please have the following information ready for the Melles Griot customer<br />

representative:<br />

• <strong>Laser</strong> head and power supply model numbers and serial numbers<br />

• Approximate purchase date and hours in service<br />

• Accessories, options, or modifications installed<br />

• All information from the laser head data label<br />

• Symptoms of the malfunction<br />

1 25


Preventive Maintenance<br />

This page is intentionally left blank.<br />

26


Appendix A<br />

Specifications<br />

A1 Optical Specifications<br />

58 GLS-Series Low-Noise Single-Beam <strong>Systems</strong><br />

Model 58 GLS 301 58 GLS 305 58 GLS 309<br />

Output Power (W): 2.0 2.5 3.0<br />

Wavelength (nm): 532 ± 0.5<br />

Beam Quality (M 2 ):


Specifications<br />

A2 Electrical Specifications<br />

Model 58 PSM 290<br />

Operating Voltage<br />

100 to 240 Vac, 50 to 60 Hz (auto-switching)<br />

Power Requirement<br />

225 W (maximum)<br />

Current Noise<br />

30 mA rms (maximum)<br />

3 Hz to 1 MHz @ 20 A<br />

Current Regulation<br />

Yes<br />

Light Regulation<br />

Yes<br />

Power Adjust Range<br />

10% to Full Power<br />

Pulsed Operation<br />

Repetition Rate<br />

0 to 2000 Hz<br />

Rise/Fall Time (APC)<br />


Appendix A<br />

A4 Dimensions<br />

Figure A-1<br />

58 Series DPSS <strong>Laser</strong> Head<br />

with cooling fan and heat<br />

sink<br />

1 29


Specifications<br />

Figure A-2<br />

58 PSM 290 Power supply<br />

dimensions<br />

30


Appendix B<br />

Mounting and OEM Considerations<br />

This appendix discusses some specific issues that are of importance to the<br />

OEM manufacturer.<br />

B1 Mounting Considerations<br />

The 58 GLS- and GSS-Series green DPSS lasers are designed to be<br />

mounted horizontally, baseplate down, using the black baseplate attached<br />

to the bottom of the laser. Mounting the laser in any other orientation is<br />

not recommended. If your application requires horizontal plane of<br />

polarization instead of a vertical orientation, contact Melles Griot<br />

concerning the availability of lasers with the desired polarization<br />

orientation.<br />

Output beam exit angle is not colinear with mechanical axis.<br />

To secure the laser, the baseplate should be mounted on a flat surface<br />

(flatness of 0.001”/1”, 32 micro inch surface finish) that extends under the<br />

entire baseplate. The baseplate should be retained by four screws (1/4-20<br />

inch or M6) with flat washers. The screws should be tightened to a<br />

maximum of 20 lb-in (2.25 Nm).<br />

B2 Cooling Considerations<br />

For reliable operation, 58 Series green DPSS lasers require an adequate<br />

flow of cool air. To ensure proper airflow, there must be a minimum of<br />

½-inch clearance between the air intake and exhaust ports and any<br />

obstructing surface. A full inch or more of clearance is preferred.<br />

The temperature of the air entering the air intake ports must never exceed<br />

35 o C. Ensure that hot air exhausted from the laseris not recirculated into<br />

the air intake at the front of the laser. An optional laser module without<br />

integrated heat-sink is available for OEM applications.<br />

B3 Compliance Considerations<br />

The 58 Series green DPSS laser systems are Class IV or Class 4 laser<br />

systems as defined by 21 CFR 1040.10 and EN60825-1:1994,<br />

respectively. Although they incorporate many of the features mandated by<br />

United <strong>State</strong>s and international regulatory agencies for laser devices, they<br />

may not be used as stand-alone laser sources unless an optional CDRH<br />

compliance package is purchased. Once the laser is incorporated into<br />

another piece of equipment, it becomes the responsibility of the equipment<br />

1 31


Mounting and OEM Considerations<br />

manufacturer or integrator to make sure that the overall device conforms<br />

to the applicable regulations and norms.<br />

32


Appendix C<br />

Technology Notes<br />

At the heart of a DPSS laser is the laser diode. The power vs current<br />

curve shown in Figure C-1 below illustrates the output characteristics of a<br />

laser diode as a function of input current. At low values of the input, the<br />

device acts as a light-emitting diode (LED), producing a relatively small<br />

amount of incoherent light. At a threshold value, where the population<br />

inversion is large enough so that gain by stimulated emission can<br />

overcome the scattering and absorption losses, the laser threshold is<br />

reached. As current increases above the threshold value, the light output<br />

increases rapidly. The light is now coherent laser light. Ideally, the light<br />

output should increase linearly with current, as shown in the figure, but<br />

above a given current damage will occur and output power will drop<br />

rapidly.<br />

Figure C-1<br />

Light output of laser diode<br />

as a function of drive<br />

current<br />

C1 Slope Efficiency<br />

One defines a slope efficiency to characterize the laser diode output in this<br />

region. The slope efficiency is defined as the increase in optical output<br />

power divided by the increase in electrical input power. The definition<br />

applies only to the region where the output is increasing linearly. It is an<br />

important figure of merit that is used to characterize the laser performance.<br />

1 33


Mounting and OEM Considerations<br />

Figure C-2<br />

<strong>Laser</strong> diode voltage as a<br />

function of current<br />

C2 The V/I Curve<br />

The voltage drop across the laser is often acquired during electrical<br />

characterization. This characteristic is similar to the analogous<br />

characteristic of any other type of semiconductor diode and is largely<br />

invariant with temperature, as depicted in Figure C-2.<br />

<strong>Diode</strong> laser manufacturers usually place the forward voltage on the X<br />

axis, in compliance with conventional practice in the electronics industry<br />

for other types of diodes.<br />

Companies manufacturing instrumentation to characterize diode lasers<br />

often present the curve in the manner of Figure<br />

C-2, with the forward current on the X axis. Thus, other performance<br />

curves - as will be described in later sections - may be overlaid onto the<br />

V/I curve. Conventional electronics people would call this an I/V curve,<br />

rather than accept our nomenclature of a V/I curve. The typical voltage<br />

drop across a diode laser at operating power is 1.5 volts. V/I data are most<br />

commonly used in derivative characterization techniques.<br />

34


Appendix C<br />

C3 External Interface<br />

External Interface (connector): This DB-15 female connector on the<br />

front panel of the power supply allows the 58 Series green DPSS laser to<br />

be controlled remotely by external devices. It is also used to incorporate<br />

external safety interlocks (e.g., door switches) into the system. Table C-1<br />

below lists the functions/connections of each pin for the 58 PSM 290<br />

power supply.<br />

Table C-1<br />

External Interface Pin<br />

Descriptions for the<br />

58 PSM 290<br />

Pin<br />

Voltage<br />

Present<br />

1 TTL<br />

2 +5 V<br />

3 0V<br />

4 0V<br />

5 TTL<br />

6 0 V<br />

7<br />

Notes Description<br />

8 Not used<br />

9<br />

10 +5 V<br />

1 TTL-level input for pulsed operation. Logic<br />

high sets normal power or current, logic low sets<br />

standby power or current. See note (1) for<br />

enabling and disabling external TTL modulation<br />

without a computer<br />

2,4 <strong>Laser</strong> On (active low). Momentarily short to pin<br />

13 to start laser. Pin 6 must simultaneously be<br />

shorted to pin 14 for the laser to turn on.<br />

3,4 Safety interlock. Must be shorted to pin 11 for<br />

laser to operate.<br />

4,5 <strong>Laser</strong> emission indicator (anode to pin 14).<br />

Activates an external LED when laser emission<br />

occurs. Duplicates the function of both <strong>Laser</strong><br />

Emission Indicators on the front panel.<br />

Internal TTL Output. Internal TTL modulation<br />

monitor output.<br />

2,4 <strong>Laser</strong> On (active high). Momentarily short to<br />

pin 14 to start laser. Pin 2 must simultaneously<br />

be shorted to pin 13 for the laser to turn on.<br />

4,6 <strong>Laser</strong> Off (active high). Momentarily short to<br />

pin 14 to turn laser off.<br />

7 Light control/current control select. Open for<br />

current control, short to pin 13 for light control.<br />

See note 7 for changing modes without a<br />

computer.<br />

4,6 <strong>Laser</strong> Off (active low). Momentarily short to pin<br />

13 to turn laser off.<br />

1 35


Mounting and OEM Considerations<br />

11 3,4 Safety Interlock. See pin 3.<br />

12 0 V<br />

13<br />

Signal<br />

Ground<br />

5 Main Power indicator (anode to pin 14).<br />

Voltage is present whenever laser is enabled (see<br />

pin 5)<br />

14 +5 V 8 LED Supply<br />

15<br />

Chassis<br />

Ground<br />

All voltages are measured with respect to this<br />

pin.<br />

Chassis Ground<br />

Notes:<br />

(1) External modulation is disabled if pin 1 is open when power is first<br />

applied. External modulation is enabled if pin 1 is at a logic low<br />

when power is first applied. The external modulation status can<br />

always be changed at any time with RS-232 commands.<br />

(2) Pin 2 must be shorted to 13 and, simultaneously, pin 6 shorted to pin<br />

14, then both released for the laser to turn on. Conditions for the<br />

redundant laser turn on can be meet with a momentary double pole,<br />

single throw relay or switch. The power supply can not be set-up to<br />

automatically turn-on the laser with the main power.<br />

(3) Conditions for the safety interlock can be meet with a single pole,<br />

single throw relay or switch or a wire short.<br />

(4) This pin must be floating with respect to chassis ground.<br />

(5) The power supply has internal current limiting resistors. An LED<br />

can be connected directly to the indicated pins.<br />

(6) Either pin 7 shorted to pin 14 or pin 10 shorted to pin 13 will turn off<br />

the laser. Conditions for the redundant laser turn off can be meet<br />

with a momentary double pole, single throw relay or switch.<br />

Shorting either pin combinations with a wire prevents the laser from<br />

tuning on.<br />

(7) Current control is selected if pin 9 is open when power is first<br />

applied. Power control is selected if pin 9 is at a logic low when<br />

power is first applied. The control state can always be changed at<br />

any time with RS-232 commands.<br />

(8) Do not use pin 12 to power any other external circuits.<br />

36


Appendix C<br />

C4 RS-232 Interface Connector<br />

RS-232 (connector): This female DB-9 connector on the front panel of<br />

the power supply allows the laser to be controlled remotely from a<br />

personal computer or other device equipped with an RS-232C serial<br />

interface. The pin connections are described in Table C-2 below.<br />

Table C-2<br />

RS-232 Connector<br />

Pin<br />

Pin<br />

Description<br />

1 Not Used<br />

2 TXD (Output)<br />

3 RXD (Input)<br />

4 Connected to pin 6<br />

5 GND (Signal ground)<br />

6 Connected to pin 4<br />

7 Not Used<br />

8 Not Used<br />

9 Not Used<br />

1 37


Mounting and OEM Considerations<br />

C5 Thermistor Characteristics<br />

The 58 Series DPSS laser head has three thermistors for temperature<br />

measurement. There are two for the thermal electric cooler temperature set<br />

points for the 1) diode laser and the 2) crystal laser resonator sections and<br />

finally the 3) base plate over temperature protection. All three thermistors<br />

are 10,000 ohms (Ω) for a temperature of 25 degrees celsius (°C). The<br />

thermistor resistance is inversely proportional to the temperature change,<br />

meaning as the thermistor reading increases the actual temperature is<br />

decreasing. The following conversion table is an approximate correlation<br />

of this two parameters. The tolerances change across the temperature<br />

ranges, approximately +/- 100 Ω @ 25°C; +/- 1300 Ω @ 10°C; and +/-<br />

400 Ω @ 45°C.<br />

Table C-3<br />

Resistance/<br />

Temperature<br />

Correlation<br />

Temp. °C Resistance Ω<br />

10 18,790<br />

11 17,980<br />

12 17,220<br />

13 16,490<br />

14 15,790<br />

15 15,130<br />

16 14,500<br />

17 13,900<br />

18 13,330<br />

19 12,790<br />

20 12,260<br />

21 11,770<br />

22 11,290<br />

23 10,840<br />

24 10,410<br />

25 10,000<br />

26 9,605<br />

27 9,227<br />

28 8,867<br />

Temp. °C Resistance Ω<br />

29 8,523<br />

30 8,194<br />

31 7,880<br />

32 7,579<br />

33 7,291<br />

34 7,016<br />

35 6,752<br />

36 6,500<br />

37 6,258<br />

38 6,026<br />

39 5,805<br />

40 5,592<br />

41 5,389<br />

42 5,193<br />

43 5,006<br />

44 4,827<br />

45 4,655<br />

38


Appendix D<br />

Compliance Information<br />

D1 Radio-Frequency Emission Compliance<br />

This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy.<br />

If it is not installed and used in accordance with this manual, it may cause<br />

interference to radio communications. It has been tested and found to<br />

comply with the limits for a Class A computing device pursuant to Subpart<br />

J of Part 15 of FCC rules, and European norm EN55011:1994, which are<br />

designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference when<br />

operated in a commercial environment. Operation of this equipment in<br />

residential areas is likely to cause interference, in which case, the user, at<br />

his or her own expense, will be required to take whatever measures may<br />

be necessary to correct the interference.<br />

D2 <strong>Laser</strong> Emission Compliance<br />

The 58 Series laser systems described in this manual are designed solely<br />

for use by OEM manufacturers that are incorporating the lasers into<br />

equipment for resale. As such, they are not required to meet all of the<br />

safety and labeling requirements set forth in CDRH regulations 21 CFR<br />

1040.10 and European norm EN 60825-1:1994. Nevertheless, all of the<br />

electrical requirements of these regulations (e.g., key switches, warning<br />

lights, interlocks, and time delays) are built into the systems and are easily<br />

accessible to the OEM manufacturer. Unless especially equipped, the<br />

lasers do not include the laser output shutter and compliance labels<br />

required of end-user Class IV (Class 4) laser systems.<br />

D3 <strong>Laser</strong> Emissions and Fusing<br />

The following is general emission data on the Series 58 Series green DPSS<br />

lasers.<br />

<strong>Laser</strong> medium: Nd:YVO 4<br />

Emission duration:<br />

Full beam diameter:<br />

Full beam divergence:<br />

Operating wavelengths:<br />

Maximum output power:<br />

Continuous<br />

0.25 ± 0.025 mm at waist<br />

< 12 mrad<br />

532 nm, 1064 nm, and 808 nm<br />

5.0 W @ 532 nm, 10 mW @ 1064 nm,<br />

10 mW @ 808 nm<br />

1 39


Service, Support, and Warranty<br />

The following fuse, located in the power supply is to be replaced only by<br />

Melles Griot certified service personnel.<br />

Fuse: T 6.3 A/250 V, 1500 A interrupt capacity, 5x 20mm<br />

D4 <strong>Laser</strong> Safety Warnings<br />

The following labels shown in Figure D-1 are required by the U.S. Food<br />

and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health<br />

(CDRH) as well as by the standard, EN60825-1:1994. Figure D-2 shows<br />

the location of these labels on the 58 Series DPSS laser system.<br />

Figure D-1<br />

58 Series label<br />

locations.<br />

LASER RADIATION<br />

AVOID EYE OR SKIN EXPOSURE TO<br />

DIRECT OR SCATTERED RADIATION<br />

CLASS 4 LASER PRODUCT<br />

MAXIMUM OUTPUT POWER:<br />

5 WATTS AT 532nm<br />

10mW AT 1064 nm<br />

CLASSIFICATION PER<br />

EN60825-1: 1994<br />

AVOID EXPOSURE<br />

LASER RADIATION IS<br />

EMITTED FROM THIS<br />

APERTURE<br />

40


58 Series <strong>Green</strong> <strong>Diode</strong>-<strong>Pumped</strong> <strong>Solid</strong>-<strong>State</strong> <strong>Laser</strong>s<br />

LABEL, MG LOGO<br />

LABEL, LASER RADIATION<br />

LABEL, APERTURE<br />

LABEL, IEC CLASSIFICATION<br />

LABEL, WARRANTY<br />

LABEL, MODEL IDENTIFICATION<br />

LABEL, PATENT<br />

LABEL, IEC<br />

1 41


Appendix E<br />

Service, Support, and Warranty<br />

The 58 Series green DPSS laser systems contain no user-serviceable parts<br />

but, depending upon usage rate, and conditioning, should give years of<br />

trouble-free service. Nonetheless, if you should experience problems,<br />

Melles Griot is committed to providing the best possible support and<br />

service.<br />

E1 Sales and Service Offices<br />

To find an authorized Melles Griot service facility near you, contact the<br />

nearest Melles Griot office, listed below, or contact the factory at<br />

(760) 438-2131.<br />

United <strong>State</strong>s of America<br />

2051 Palomar Airport Road, 200<br />

Carlsbad, California 92009<br />

Phone: (800) 645-2737 (Toll Free)<br />

(760) 438-2131<br />

Fax: (760) 438-5208<br />

E-mail: sales@carlsbad.mellesgriot.com<br />

Canada<br />

18 Antares Drive, Suite 104<br />

Nepean, Ontario K2E 1A9<br />

Phone: (800) 267-3497 (Toll Free)<br />

(613) 226-5880<br />

Fax: (613) 226-5885<br />

E-mail: sales@canada.mellesgriot.com<br />

Denmark<br />

See Sweden and Denmark<br />

France<br />

12 Avenue Jean Bart<br />

78960 Voisons Le Bretonneux, France<br />

Phone: (01) 3012-0680<br />

Fax: (01) 3060-0851<br />

E-mail: info.france@mellesgriot.com<br />

1 43


Service, Support, and Warranty<br />

Germany<br />

Lilienthalstraße 30-32<br />

64625 Bensheim<br />

Phone: (06251) 84060<br />

Fax: (06251) 840622<br />

E-mail: mellesgriotgmbh@csi.com<br />

Japan<br />

Pine Building 3F, 3-11-2 Shibuya<br />

Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150<br />

Phone: (03) 3407-3614<br />

Fax: (03) 3486-0923<br />

E-mail: sales@mgkk.com<br />

The Netherlands<br />

Hengelder 23, P.O. Box 272<br />

6900 AG Zevenaar<br />

Phone: (0316) 333041<br />

Fax: (0316) 528187<br />

E-mail: sales_mgbv@compuserve.com<br />

Singapore<br />

994 Bendemeer Road #06-05<br />

Kallang Basin Industrial Estate<br />

Singapore 339943<br />

Phone: 392-5368<br />

Fax: 392-5508<br />

E-mail: mgspore@signet.com.sg<br />

Sweden and Denmark<br />

Box 7071, Måttbandsvägen 12<br />

S-187 12 Täby<br />

Phone: (08) 630-8950<br />

Fax: (08) 630-0745<br />

E-mail: info.nordic@mellesgriot.com<br />

United Kingdom<br />

St. Thomas Place<br />

Cambridgeshire Business Park<br />

Ely, Cambridgeshire, England<br />

Phone: (01353) 654500<br />

Fax: (01353) 654555<br />

E-mail: info.europe@mellesgriot.com<br />

44


58 Series <strong>Green</strong> <strong>Diode</strong>-<strong>Pumped</strong> <strong>Solid</strong>-<strong>State</strong> <strong>Laser</strong>s<br />

E2 Warranty<br />

Unless otherwise specified, all Melles Griot 58 Series DPSS lasers and<br />

power supplies are covered by the comprehensive warranty described on<br />

the order confirmation.<br />

1 45

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