Green Diode-Pumped Solid-State Laser Systems (Hardware)
Green Diode-Pumped Solid-State Laser Systems (Hardware)
Green Diode-Pumped Solid-State Laser Systems (Hardware)
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Operator’s Manual for<br />
<strong>Green</strong> <strong>Diode</strong>-<strong>Pumped</strong> <strong>Solid</strong>-<strong>State</strong><br />
<strong>Laser</strong> <strong>Systems</strong> (<strong>Hardware</strong>)<br />
This manual covers the following lasers and laser systems:<br />
58 GLS 201 58 GSS 201<br />
58 GLS 301 58 GSS 301<br />
58 GLS 305 58 GSS 305<br />
58 GLS 309 58 GSS 309<br />
Manufactured by<br />
1<br />
Melles Griot <strong>Laser</strong> and Electro-Optics Group<br />
2051 Palomar Airport Road, 200 ■ Carlsbad, California ■ 92009 ■ USA<br />
Tel: (760) 438-2131 ■ Fax: (760) 438-5208<br />
E-mail: sales@carlsbad.mellesgriot.com<br />
www.mellesgriot.com<br />
DCR:M1309 L10705-1 (A) 010309 Copyright Melles Griot, April 2001
Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those<br />
specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure.<br />
Wenn andere als die hier angebenen Kontrollfunktionen oder Einstellungen<br />
oder die Ausführung von Abläufen erfolgen, kann zu einer Aussetzung von<br />
gefährlicher Strahlung führen.<br />
The 58GES, GLS, and GSS microlaser systems are protected under the following United <strong>State</strong>s<br />
Patents and other Patents Pending: #4,809,291, #5,574,740, #5,751,751, #5,761,227, and<br />
#5,771,324.
NOTICE: This manual contains specifications, descriptions, and drawings for diode-pumped<br />
solid-state lasers manufactured by Melles Griot.<br />
Product specifications contained in this manual are subject to change by Melles Griot <strong>Laser</strong><br />
Group without prior notice. Melles Griot will not be responsible for errors or omissions in this<br />
manual, or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing or use of<br />
this information.<br />
The information contained in this manual is the property of Melles Griot <strong>Laser</strong> Group. This<br />
document may not be photocopied, duplicated, or reproduced by any means without the prior<br />
written consent of Melles Griot <strong>Laser</strong> Group.<br />
Comments or suggestions regarding this manual are appreciated and should be sent to the<br />
following address:<br />
Publication date: April 2001<br />
© 2001 Melles Griot<br />
Melles Griot <strong>Laser</strong> Group<br />
2051 Palomar Airport Road, 200<br />
Carlsbad, California 92009, USA<br />
Attention: Customer Service<br />
Phone (760) 438-2131<br />
Fax (760) 438-5208<br />
E-mail: sales@carlsbad.mellesgriot.com<br />
www.mellesgriot.com<br />
1 i
Table of Contents<br />
Table of Contents .............................................................iii<br />
Introduction .......................................................................1<br />
About This Manual........................................................................................................ 1<br />
For Your Safety ..................................................................5<br />
1.1 Safety Features ..................................................................................................... 5<br />
1.2 Electrical Safety ..................................................................................................... 5<br />
1.3 <strong>Laser</strong> Safety........................................................................................................... 6<br />
Initial Installation ..............................................................9<br />
2.1 Unpacking Your System ........................................................................................ 9<br />
2.2 Identifying Components ........................................................................................10<br />
2.3 Connecting the Components ................................................................................11<br />
System Description .........................................................13<br />
3.1 <strong>Laser</strong> Properties ...................................................................................................13<br />
3.2 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors....................................................................15<br />
Operating Your System....................................................19<br />
4.1 Turning On the <strong>Laser</strong> System ...............................................................................19<br />
4.2 Turning Off the <strong>Laser</strong> System ...............................................................................20<br />
4.3 Pulsing the <strong>Laser</strong> System .....................................................................................21<br />
4.4 Operating the System Using the External Interface Connector.............................21<br />
Preventive Maintenance..................................................23<br />
5.1 Aperture Window Cleaning Procedure..................................................................23<br />
5.2 Heat-Sink Fins Cleaning Procedure......................................................................24<br />
5.3 In Case of Difficulty...............................................................................................25<br />
Specifications ..................................................................27<br />
A1 Optical Specifications ............................................................................................27<br />
A2 Electrical Specifications.........................................................................................28<br />
A3 Environmental Specifications ................................................................................28<br />
A4 Dimensions............................................................................................................29<br />
Mounting and OEM Considerations .................................31<br />
B1 Mounting Considerations.......................................................................................31<br />
B2 Cooling Considerations .........................................................................................31<br />
B3 Compliance Considerations...................................................................................31<br />
Technology Notes............................................................33<br />
1 iii
C1 Slope Efficiency.....................................................................................................33<br />
C2 The V/I Curve ........................................................................................................34<br />
C3 External Interface ..................................................................................................35<br />
C4 RS-232 Interface Connector..................................................................................37<br />
C5 Thermistor Characteristics ....................................................................................38<br />
Compliance Information ..................................................39<br />
D1 Radio-Frequency Emission Compliance ...............................................................39<br />
D2 <strong>Laser</strong> Emission Compliance..................................................................................39<br />
D3 <strong>Laser</strong> Emissions and Fusing .................................................................................39<br />
D4 <strong>Laser</strong> Safety Warnings..........................................................................................40<br />
Service, Support, and Warranty.......................................43<br />
E1 Sales and Service Offices .....................................................................................43<br />
E2 Warranty................................................................................................................45<br />
iv
58 Series green<br />
diode-pumped<br />
solid-state laser<br />
head<br />
Introduction<br />
Congratulations on your purchase of a Melles Griot Series 58 Series green,<br />
diode-pumped solid-state (DPSS) laser system. These laser systems<br />
represent the state of the art in DPSS laser design, providing high output<br />
power, low noise, and long life in a compact unit. These systems are<br />
available in both OEM and laboratory configurations, with power ranging<br />
from two to three watts.<br />
Four families of product constitute the 58 Series of green DPSS lasers:<br />
The 58 GLS XXX lasers have a single low-noise (
Introduction<br />
to the system or accidental injury to the operator. Please read Chapters 1<br />
through 4 completely before attempting to operate the laser system, and<br />
carefully heed all cautionary notes. If you have any questions or<br />
comments about this manual or the laser system itself, please call your<br />
local sales or service office (see Appendix E), or contact the factory at<br />
(760) 438-2131 and ask for Customer Service.<br />
The structure of this manual<br />
Chapter 1, For Your Safety, discusses the safety issues involved with laser<br />
devices in general and CDRH Class IV (IEC Class 4) visible lasers in<br />
particular. Chapter 2, Initial Installation, describes the steps needed to<br />
safely unpack, inspect, and set up the system. Chapter 3, System<br />
Description, presents an overall view of how the system operates, and<br />
describes the function of each accessible control, indicator, and connector.<br />
Chapter 4, Operating Your System, contains a detailed, step-by-step<br />
procedure for operating the system to achieve the best possible results.<br />
Chapter 5, Preventive Maintenance describes how to care for your system<br />
and how to report difficulties.<br />
This manual also contains several appendixes. Appendix A details the<br />
specifications of the 58 Series green DPSS laser systems, including outline<br />
and mounting drawings. Appendix B discusses mounting and compliance<br />
considerations of importance to OEM customers. Appendix C provides<br />
technical information regarding components within your laser system.<br />
Appendix D describes the compliance criteria met by the laser system and<br />
shows facsimiles of various required logotypes and labels. Finally,<br />
Appendix E describes the comprehensive Melles Griot warranty and gives<br />
the contact information for our worldwide service and support<br />
organization.<br />
Conventions used in this manual<br />
Throughout this manual you will find information about potentially<br />
dangerous or hazardous conditions and useful notes vital for your safety.<br />
The significance of the notations is explained below.<br />
DPSS lasers are high-voltage devices. Improper use can expose the<br />
operator or others to potentially lethal voltages. The “Hazard” icon,<br />
represented by a triangle with a lightning bolt, identifies precautions<br />
needed to avoid electrical injury or damage to the equipment.<br />
The 58 Series green DPSS lasers are Class IV (Class 4) devices (as<br />
determined by the Center for Devices and Radiological Health of the<br />
Federal Drug Administration and the International Electrotechnical<br />
Commission respectively), and the skin and eyes will be damaged if<br />
exposed to the direct or scattered laser beam. The “Danger” icon,<br />
2
epresented by a triangle with laser burst, identifies precautions needed to<br />
avoid injury from the laser beam to anyone in the area.<br />
The “Note” icon, represented by a triangle with an exclamation point,<br />
indicates information that is particularly important to the optimum<br />
performance of the laser system or information about the procedure or<br />
topic under discussion.<br />
The following acronyms are used in this manual:<br />
CDRH<br />
cw<br />
FCC<br />
IEC<br />
LED<br />
OEM<br />
Center for Devices and Radiological Health<br />
continuous wave<br />
Federal Communications Commission<br />
International Electrotechnical Commission<br />
light-emitting diode<br />
original equipment manufacturer<br />
The following abbreviations and symbols are used in this manual:<br />
" inch<br />
o C<br />
degrees celcius<br />
µrad<br />
microradian<br />
A<br />
amp (ampere)<br />
ac<br />
alternating current<br />
c<br />
speed of light<br />
cm<br />
centimeter<br />
dc<br />
direct current<br />
DVM digital voltmeter<br />
Hz<br />
Hertz (cycles per second)<br />
in.<br />
inch<br />
kg<br />
kilogram<br />
kHz<br />
kilohertz<br />
lb<br />
U.S. pound<br />
m<br />
meter<br />
MHz<br />
megahertz<br />
mm<br />
millimeter<br />
mrad<br />
milliradian<br />
mW<br />
milliwatt<br />
nm<br />
nanometer<br />
p-p<br />
peak-to-peak<br />
rms<br />
root-mean-squared<br />
V<br />
volt<br />
Vac<br />
volts ac<br />
Vdc<br />
volts dc<br />
W<br />
watt<br />
1 3
Introduction<br />
To designate the controls, indicators, and connectors in this manual, the<br />
following conventions are used:<br />
<strong>Hardware</strong> labels: These are written as they appear on the hardware (e.g., if<br />
a control is labeled “POWER” on the hardware, it will<br />
be called the POWER control in this manual; if it is<br />
labeled “Power” on the hardware, it will be referred to as<br />
the Power control).<br />
Item names: Controls, connectors, and other items that do not have<br />
labels will be referred to by initial capitals (e.g., <strong>Laser</strong><br />
Emission Indicator).<br />
4
Chapter 1<br />
For Your Safety<br />
Introduction<br />
Please read this chapter carefully before installing or operating your laser.<br />
It includes important safety information about your laser system.<br />
This chapter includes information about:<br />
•<br />
•<br />
•<br />
•<br />
1.1 Safety Features<br />
Safety features built into 58 Series green DPSS laser systems<br />
Safety instructions to follow to avoid accidental electrical shock<br />
Safety instructions to follow to avoid accidental beam exposure<br />
References on laser safety<br />
Because your safety is paramount, your new 58 Series green DPSS laser<br />
system has many built-in safety features to help ensure that the laser emits<br />
light only when you want it to and only when you have determined that<br />
conditions are safe for it to do so. A <strong>Laser</strong> Enable/Disable key switch<br />
prevents unauthorized access. <strong>Laser</strong> Emission Indicators on the power<br />
supply glow whenever laser emission is possible. To prevent accidental<br />
exposure to the laser beam, there is, at minimum, a 3-second delay<br />
between the time the <strong>Laser</strong> On button is pressed and laser emission occurs.<br />
A safety interlock system prevents the laser from operating unless all<br />
cables are properly connected, and remote interlock connections are<br />
provided that can be configured to shut the laser off if a laboratory door or<br />
an instrument access panel is inadvertently opened. Finally, a solid<br />
manual shutter is available that can block all laser radiation in an<br />
emergency.<br />
Please keep in mind, however, that these built-in features will not protect<br />
you or your equipment if you do not adhere to the specific precautions and<br />
instructions delineated in this manual.<br />
All maintenance or service requiring access to the interior of the laser or<br />
power supply must be performed by an authorized Melles Griot<br />
representative.<br />
1.2 Electrical Safety<br />
The 58 Series green DPSS lasers operate at potentially lethal voltages.<br />
These voltages are present in the power supply even when the unit is<br />
turned off. Consequently, all service requiring access to the interior of the<br />
laser head or power supply must be performed by a qualified Melles Griot<br />
1 5
For Your Safety<br />
technician. There are no user-serviceable parts or controls inside the<br />
protective housings of the laser or power supply, and the laser system<br />
must never be operated with the covers removed.<br />
The laser power supply contains circuits that operate at high voltage.<br />
THESE VOLTAGES CAN BE LETHAL. Refer any service<br />
requiring access to the inside of the laser head or power supply to<br />
your nearest Melles Griot authorized representative.<br />
• DO NOT disconnect the protective ground terminal on the power<br />
supply ac line cord.<br />
• DO NOT use a grounding adapter to plug the power supply into a twowire<br />
outlet. Have a grounded three-wire outlet installed by a qualified<br />
electrician.<br />
• DO NOT attempt to defeat the interlocks (see <strong>Laser</strong> Emission Control<br />
Devices in Appendix D).<br />
• ALWAYS disconnect the power to the power supply before<br />
connecting or disconnecting the cables between the laser head and the<br />
power supply.<br />
1.3 <strong>Laser</strong> Safety<br />
<strong>Laser</strong> light can be hazardous if it comes in contact with the skin or the eye,<br />
causing burns, eye damage, and even blindness. The 58 Series laser<br />
systems described in this manual are designed solely for use by OEM<br />
manufacturers that are incorporating the lasers into equipment for resale.<br />
As such, they are not required to meet all of the safety and labeling<br />
requirements set forth in CDRH regulations 21 CFR 1040.10 and<br />
European norm EN 60825-1:1994. Nevertheless, all of the electrical<br />
requirements of these regulations (e.g., key switches, warning lights,<br />
interlocks, and time delays) are built into the systems and are easily<br />
accessible to the OEM manufacturer. Unless especially equipped, the<br />
lasers do not include the laser output shutter and compliance labels<br />
required of end-user Class IV (Class 4) laser systems.<br />
The 58 Series green DPSS lasers are classified as CDRH Class IV/IEC<br />
Class 4 devices, indicating that they are considered to be an acute hazard<br />
to the skin and eyes from direct and scattered radiation. This class of laser<br />
can also be a fire hazard if not used properly.<br />
Never look into the laser beam, with or without appropriate safety<br />
goggles. Permanent eye damage or blindness will result!<br />
Keep all parts of the body and reflective materials out of the beam path as<br />
well.<br />
6
Chapter 1<br />
The 58 Series green DPSS laser systems should not be operated unless all<br />
appropriate safety precautions are taken. These include, but are not<br />
limited to:<br />
• Providing enclosed paths for laser beams whenever possible.<br />
• Ensuring that the work space is well ventilated. Toxic or noxious<br />
airborne contaminants may be released when the laser beam strikes<br />
some materials.<br />
• Maintaining a high ambient light level in the laser operation area. This<br />
keeps the pupil of the eye contracted and may reduce the severity of<br />
damage from an inadvertent exposure.<br />
• Ensuring that no combustible material is near the laser head or in or<br />
near the beam path to constitute a fire hazard. Some fire-fighting<br />
equipment (e.g., a fire extinguisher) should be in the area.<br />
• Wearing appropriate approved laser safety glasses when working<br />
around a functioning laser device.<br />
• Wearing appropriate protective clothing made from a suitable flame<br />
and heat-resistant material. Do not wear rings, metallic watchbands,<br />
or other metallic and/or reflective objects.<br />
• Designating a controlled area specifically for laser operation. Access<br />
to this area should be limited to those individuals who have been<br />
instructed in the safe operation of lasers.<br />
• Posting warning signs in conspicuous locations near the laser area.<br />
• Setting up laser equipment so that the beam is not at eye level.<br />
• Setting up a target covered with flat black paint or other anti-reflective<br />
coating and using shields as necessary to prevent strong reflections<br />
from going beyond the area where the laser is being used.<br />
Adjustments, use of controls, or performance of procedures other than<br />
those specified in this manual may result in exposure to hazardous laser<br />
radiation.<br />
For more information on laser safety, the following sources are available:<br />
• Safe Use of <strong>Laser</strong>s (Z136.1), published by:<br />
The American National Standards Institute (ANSI)<br />
11 West 42nd Street<br />
New York, NY 10036<br />
Tel: (212) 642-4900<br />
1 7
For Your Safety<br />
• A Guide for Control of <strong>Laser</strong> Hazards, published by:<br />
The American Conference of Governmental and Industrial Hygienists<br />
(ACGIH)<br />
1330 Kemper Meadow Drive<br />
Cincinnati, OH 45240<br />
Tel: (513) 742-2020<br />
• <strong>Laser</strong> Safety Guide*, published by:<br />
The <strong>Laser</strong> Institute of America<br />
12424 Research Parkway, Suite 125<br />
Orlando, FL 32826<br />
Tel: (407) 380-1553.<br />
*Also available from Melles Griot<br />
8
Chapter 2<br />
Initial Installation<br />
Introduction<br />
This chapter includes information about:<br />
•<br />
•<br />
•<br />
Unpacking the 58 Series green DPSS laser system<br />
Inspecting the system for damage and completeness<br />
Connecting the components of the system<br />
2.1 Unpacking Your System<br />
Retain the shipping container. If required, replacement shipping<br />
containers may be purchased from Melles Griot. Especially designed to<br />
protect the laser system during shipment, it should always be used to ship<br />
the system to Melles Griot for service.<br />
Save the original shipping container!<br />
Melles Griot cannot honor the warranty for equipment not returned in the<br />
original package.<br />
Immediately upon receipt of your Melles Griot 58 Series green DPSS<br />
laser, inspect the packaging for obvious signs of damage. The laser’s<br />
packaging is quite substantial and will protect the equipment from normal<br />
shipping stresses. If, however, the packing cartons are significantly<br />
damaged and you suspect damage has occurred to one of the components,<br />
file a claim with the shipper and have a representative from the shipper<br />
present when the unit is unpacked.<br />
When unpacking the laser system, observe the following steps:<br />
• Unpack the contents in a clean, dry, static-free environment.<br />
During removal of the contents from the shipping carton, the possibility<br />
exists for electrostatic discharge (ESD) that can damage the system. To<br />
minimize this risk, a shorting connector is attached to the power cable. Do<br />
not remove this connector until advised to do so in subsection 2.3.<br />
• Look for dents, scratches, broken switches, and other obvious signs of<br />
damage to the components. If any damage is evident, immediately file<br />
a claim with the shipper and contact your nearest Melles Griot<br />
representative. Do not attempt to repair any damaged items.<br />
Melles Griot will arrange for repair without waiting for the claim<br />
settlement.<br />
1 9
Initial Installation<br />
• Ensure that the shorting connector is firmly in place on the laser power<br />
connector.<br />
• Inspect all cables and connectors for bent or broken pins and broken<br />
wires.<br />
• Check packing list to ensure that all items are present.<br />
2.2 Identifying Components<br />
The following components, along with any options, should always be<br />
included in your shipment.<br />
1. 58 Series green DPSS laser head. There are several different models.<br />
Check the factory label on the laser head and the final test data sheet to<br />
determine that you have received the correct unit.<br />
2. Model 58 PSM 290 Power Supply. Check the setup label on the<br />
bottom of the unit to verify that you have the correct supply for the<br />
laser head.<br />
Power supplies are programmed for specific laser heads. Power supplies<br />
and laser heads are not interchangeable. Using the incorrect power supply<br />
with a laser head may cause severe and permanent damage to the laser.<br />
Such damage is not covered under the Melles Griot warranty.<br />
3. Power cable (permanently attached to the laser head).<br />
4. Signal cable (permanently attached to the laser head).<br />
5. Shorting connector. This connector is installed on the power cable<br />
(item 3) to prevent damage from electrostatic discharge (ESD). If this<br />
connector is not firmly in place when the system is unpacked, contact<br />
the factory immediately.<br />
6. Power cord (US shipments only).<br />
7. Final Inspection Data Sheet. This document shows the laser<br />
performance and quality checks at the factory, prior to shipment.<br />
8. Operator's manual.<br />
9. Keys (two). These are used to operate the power supply.<br />
In addition to the items mentioned above, which should be included in<br />
every shipment, the following accessories may have been ordered. For<br />
more information about these accessories, see Appendix B.<br />
• 58 ASG XXX collimator (for 58 GSS and 58 GLS series)<br />
Please call your Melles Griot representative if you have any questions<br />
about the options or components supplied with this laser system.<br />
10
Chapter 2<br />
2.3 Connecting the Components<br />
The following steps will guide you through the process of connecting the<br />
components. Do not connect the ac power cable to the power supply until<br />
instructed to do so in step 7. If you experience difficulty in identifying<br />
any of the controls mentioned below, please review the following chapter,<br />
System Description.<br />
1. Secure the laser head in a stationary position.<br />
2. Remove the black plastic cover or taped lens tissue from the output<br />
aperture on the laser head.<br />
3. Check to see that the AC Input rocker switch on the back panel of the<br />
power supply is in the O (off) position.<br />
4. Check to see that the key switch on the power supply is turned to the<br />
<strong>Laser</strong> Disable position.<br />
5. Verify that the male DB-15 connector is attached to the External<br />
Interface port on the front panel of the power supply. For the system<br />
to operate, pin 3 must be shorted to pin 11. For details on the use of<br />
the External Interface port, see Appendix C.<br />
6. Connect the ac power cord to the power supply and plug it into the<br />
power receptacle.<br />
7. Remove the shorting connector from the laser head power cable<br />
connector and immediately connect the cable to POWER connector on<br />
the rear panel of the power supply. Tighten the screw mounts on the<br />
connector to ensure a firm contact to the power supply. Failure to do<br />
so can cause significant damage to the system.<br />
8. Connect the laser head signal connector to the SIGNAL connector on<br />
the rear panel of the power supply. Tighten the screw mounts on the<br />
connector to ensure a firm contact to the power supply. Failure to do<br />
so can cause significant damage to the system.<br />
Whenever the laser head is disconnected from the power supply, there is a<br />
risk of damage from electrostatic discharge. To minimize/eliminate this<br />
risk, a shorting connector is attached to the power cable on delivery. In<br />
the following step, the shorting connector is removed. When the<br />
connector is removed, do not touch any of the pins on the power cable.<br />
Severe damage to the laser head could result. Be sure to retain the<br />
shorting connector for later use.<br />
9. Insert the key into the key switch and turn it clockwise to the <strong>Laser</strong><br />
Enable position.<br />
10. Look at the indicator lights on the front of the power supply. The<br />
Main Power indicator should be glowing green. If it does not light,<br />
please refer to Chapter 5, In Case of Difficulty, or contact your factory<br />
service representative.<br />
1 11
Initial Installation<br />
11. Disconnect the ac power cord from the power receptacle and proceed<br />
to the next chapter.<br />
12
Chapter 3<br />
System Description<br />
Introduction<br />
This chapter describes the overall operation of the 58 Series green DPSS<br />
laser systems and gives a functional description of all user-accessible<br />
controls, indicators and connectors.<br />
This chapter includes information about:<br />
• The properties of a laser<br />
• The function of controls, indicators, and connectors.<br />
3.1 <strong>Laser</strong> Properties<br />
The term “laser” was coined from the acronym for light amplification by<br />
stimulated emission of radiation. The theory behind the laser is beyond<br />
the scope of this manual, but it is important to identify the basic properties<br />
of lasers in general, and diode-pumped solid-state lasers in particular.<br />
General laser properties<br />
All lasers produce intense beams of light that are monochromatic,<br />
coherent, and highly collimated. The wavelength (color) of the laser light<br />
is extremely pure (monochromatic) when compared to other sources of<br />
light, and all of the photons (energy) that make up the laser beam have a<br />
fixed phase relationship (coherence) with one another. This causes the<br />
light to form a beam with a very low rate of expansion (highly collimated)<br />
that can travel over great distances, or can be focused to a very small spot<br />
with a brightness that can approximate that of the sun. Because of these<br />
properties, lasers are used in a wide variety of applications in all walks of<br />
life.<br />
<strong>Laser</strong> modes and the quality factor<br />
All laser beams have a mode structure that is determined by the specific<br />
properties of the laser design.<br />
• The spatial or transverse mode structure describes the phase<br />
relationships across the beam’s wave front and determines the beam’s<br />
diameter, divergence, and intensity profile. TEM 00 is the designation<br />
of the fundamental, or lowest order spatial mode. It is characterized<br />
by a Gaussian intensity profile with intensity at a maximum on the axis<br />
and decreasing monotonically away from the axis. The TEM 00 mode<br />
also has the smallest beam diameter, the smallest beam divergence,<br />
and the best quality factor (see below). Higher order mode lasers<br />
(referred to as multimode lasers) have wave fronts with complex phase<br />
relationships, larger beam diameters, and higher divergence. In<br />
1 13
Operating Your System<br />
general, multimode lasers have flatter intensity profiles with localized<br />
maximums and minimums across the wave front.<br />
• The quality factor or M 2 factor is an indication of how closely the<br />
beam propagation characteristics of a laser compare to those of a<br />
theoretical TEM 00 mode. The lower the number, the better the match.<br />
For a perfect match, M 2 = 1. Typical lasers operating in a TEM 00<br />
mode have M 2 values less than 1.5.<br />
DPSS laser properties<br />
<strong>Diode</strong>-pumped solid-state lasers combine the best attributes of several<br />
laser types. They couple the excellent beam characteristics of gas lasers<br />
with the efficiency, long-life, and low power consumption of<br />
semiconductor diode lasers. In a DPSS laser, the output of semiconductor<br />
diode lasers is used to pump (excite) doped vanadate crystal with output at<br />
1064 nm or 914 nm. By using nonlinear doubling techniques, the infrared<br />
output can then be converted to visible output at 532 nm (green) or 457<br />
nm (blue) wavelengths. Because the overall power consumption is low<br />
the units can be air cooled, eliminating the need for water pumps,<br />
deionizers, and heat exchangers. (Note: for information on the<br />
characteristics of semiconductor diode lasers, see Appendix C.)<br />
Light control vs current control<br />
DPSS lasers normally operate in the cw (continuous wave) mode, making<br />
them very amenable to light control. With light control, as illustrated in<br />
figure 3-1, the laser output beam is monitored by a feedback circuit that<br />
controls the current to the semiconductor diode pump laser. If the overall<br />
laser output power decreases, the current to the pump laser is increased,<br />
and vice versa, maintaining the light output at a preset value. In current<br />
control, the diode laser current is kept constant at all times, and the light<br />
output is allowed to vary. In addition to keeping the light output constant,<br />
light control dramatically reduces high-frequency beam noise, particularly<br />
in the region below 3 kHz.<br />
Figure 3-1<br />
Block diagram of lightcontrol<br />
circuit<br />
<strong>Laser</strong><br />
Amplifier<br />
Photodetector<br />
Beam Splitter<br />
<strong>Laser</strong><br />
Output<br />
<strong>Laser</strong> Head<br />
Feedback Circuit<br />
Power Supply<br />
14
Chapter 3<br />
58 GLS- and GSS-Series green DPSS lasers can operate in either lightcontrol<br />
or current-control mode.<br />
3.2 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors<br />
In this section, every operator-accessible control, indicator, and connector<br />
is described. The components are grouped by category, and within each<br />
category, the controls are listed in alphabetical order.<br />
<strong>Laser</strong> head<br />
<strong>Laser</strong> Aperture Shutter (optional): This mechanical shutter physically<br />
blocks the laser beam when in the closed position. It is required for all<br />
lasers intended for stand-alone operation. It is not included in systems<br />
intended for incorporation into OEM equipment.<br />
Power Cable (connector): This five-pin low-inductance male connector<br />
carries the main laser current from the power supply.<br />
Semiconductor diode laser devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge<br />
(ESD). To prevent damage from ESD, the system is shipped with a<br />
shorting connector attached to the power cable connector. The shorting<br />
connector should be used whenever the laser head is not attached to the<br />
power supply.<br />
Signal Cable (connector): This male DB-25 connector carries the laser<br />
signals between the power supply and the laser head.<br />
1 15
Operating Your System<br />
Figure 3-2<br />
Layout of controls,<br />
indicators, and connectors<br />
on the power supply<br />
Power supply<br />
16
Chapter 3<br />
Power Entry Module (rocker switch and line plug): This master<br />
switch, located on the back panel of the power supply near the Line<br />
connector, controls the ac power to the system. When the switch is in the<br />
O (off) position, no ac power is present and the system is inoperable.<br />
External Interface (connector): This DB-15 female connector on the<br />
front panel of the power supply allows the 58 Series green DPSS laser to<br />
be controlled remotely by external devices. It is also used to incorporate<br />
external safety interlocks (e.g., door switches) into the system.<br />
Appendix C lists the functions/connections of each pin for the<br />
58 PSM 290 power supply.<br />
<strong>Laser</strong> Disable/Enable (key switch): Turning the <strong>Laser</strong> Disable/Enable<br />
switch to the Enable position activates the thermoelectric coolers (TECs)<br />
for both the diode laser and laser crystal and drives the temperature toward<br />
predetermined set points. The key must be in the <strong>Laser</strong> Enable position for<br />
the laser to operate. For safety compliance, the key cannot be removed<br />
while the laser is in operation. Control of these keys should remain in the<br />
possession of persons who are fully familiar with, and trained in, laser<br />
safety. Except in an emergency, do not use this key switch to shut down<br />
an operating laser. Use the <strong>Laser</strong> Off button.<br />
Turning the key to the <strong>Laser</strong> Disable position turns off both TECs<br />
immediately. The fans on the laser head and power supply will continue<br />
to operate for a minimum of 60 seconds.<br />
<strong>Laser</strong> Emission (indicators): For redundancy, two laser emission<br />
indicators are present on the power supply. To indicate imminent laser<br />
emission, one indicator will begin blinking when the <strong>Laser</strong> On button is<br />
pressed. Both indicators will be illuminated continuously when laser light<br />
is being emitted from the laser aperture. When the <strong>Laser</strong> Off button is<br />
pressed, both indicators turn off immediately.<br />
<strong>Laser</strong> Off (button): Pressing this button initiates the laser shut-down<br />
procedure. The laser beam and both <strong>Laser</strong> Emission indicators are<br />
extinguished immediately, and after approximately 60 seconds, the<br />
cooling fans stop. The thermoelectric coolers on the laser diode and the<br />
laser crystal will remain activated until the <strong>Laser</strong> Enable/<strong>Laser</strong> Disable<br />
key switch is turned to the <strong>Laser</strong> Disable position. The Main Power<br />
indicator will remain lit until the AC Input rocker switch is put in the O<br />
(off) position.<br />
<strong>Laser</strong> On (button): Pressing this button initiates the laser start-up<br />
procedure. The cooling fans turn on immediately, and, after<br />
approximately three seconds, laser light will be emitted from the laser<br />
aperture.<br />
Line/Toggle (connector): This compound connector is used to attach the<br />
ac power cord to the power supply and contains the AC Input toggle<br />
switch (listed above)<br />
1 17
Operating Your System<br />
Main Power (indicator): This indicator is lit green whenever ac power is<br />
applied to the system and the <strong>Laser</strong> Enable/<strong>Laser</strong> Disable key switch is in<br />
the <strong>Laser</strong> Enable position.<br />
POWER (connector): This 5-pin female connector is attached to the<br />
Power Cable connector from the laser head.<br />
RS-232 (connector): This female DB-9 connector on the front panel of<br />
the power supply allows the laser to be controlled remotely from a<br />
personal computer or other device equipped with an RS-232C serial<br />
interface. The pin connections are described in Table C-4 in Appendix C.<br />
The RS-232 command set and syntax is described in the DPSS Software<br />
Reference.<br />
SIGNAL (connector): This DB-25 female connector is attached to the<br />
Signal Cable connector from the laser head.<br />
System Fault (indicator): This indicator blinks in groups when there is<br />
an out-of-tolerance condition in the laser or if the safety interlock<br />
connection is broken. If this indicator is lit, the laser will not start, or, if<br />
the laser is on, it will immediately shut off. The number of blinks in a<br />
group indicates the nature of the fault.<br />
1 blink: Interlock open<br />
2 blinks: Compliance limit error<br />
3 blinks: Base Temperature error<br />
4 blinks: Crystal Temperature error<br />
5 blinks: <strong>Laser</strong> Temperature error<br />
6 blinks: Power Supply error<br />
7 blinks: <strong>Hardware</strong> Read error<br />
18
Chapter 4<br />
Operating Your System<br />
Introduction<br />
You are now ready to turn on your laser system. The paragraphs below<br />
will guide you through the steps required to operate your 58 Series green<br />
DPSS laser<br />
This chapter includes information about:<br />
•<br />
•<br />
•<br />
•<br />
Turning on the laser system<br />
Turning off the laser system<br />
Operating in a pulsed mode<br />
Controlling the system remotely<br />
4.1 Turning On the <strong>Laser</strong> System<br />
The following procedure assumes that the laser has been set up as<br />
described in chapter 2, section 2.3, Connecting the Components.<br />
1. Make sure that pin 3 and pin 11 on the External Interface connector<br />
are shorted together, either directly or through an external interlock.<br />
2. Plug the system into the appropriate ac power receptacle.<br />
3. Slide the Aperture Beam Block Shutter on the laser head (if so<br />
equipped) to the open position (with yellow stripe visible), being<br />
certain to observe all of the cautions described in Chapter 1, For Your<br />
Safety.<br />
4. Turn the AC Input rocker switch on the back panel of the power<br />
supply to the | (on) position. The Main Power indicator should be fully<br />
illuminated.<br />
As soon as the AC Input rocker switch is turned to the | position, the<br />
power supply front System Fault red LED and right one of two <strong>Laser</strong><br />
Emission orange LED will light, then the power supply front Main<br />
Power green LED indicator will flash three times and an internal<br />
audible alarm will beep three time. Finally, the Main Power LED<br />
indicator will glow continuously and the System Fault and <strong>Laser</strong><br />
Emission indicators will extinguish. If the System Fault indicator<br />
continues to blink, refer to the System Fault indicator paragraph in<br />
Section 3.2 for error codes.<br />
5. Turn the <strong>Laser</strong> Enable/<strong>Laser</strong> Disable key switch to the <strong>Laser</strong> Enable<br />
position.<br />
1 19
Operating Your System<br />
Always observe the safety precautions outlined in Chapter 1, For Your<br />
Safety<br />
Except in an emergency situation, never turn the <strong>Laser</strong> Enable/<strong>Laser</strong><br />
Disable key switch to the <strong>Laser</strong> Disable position until the laser has cooled<br />
down and the fans have stopped running.<br />
6. Press and release the <strong>Laser</strong> On button. The right <strong>Laser</strong> Emission<br />
indicator will blink for approximately three seconds, and an audible<br />
beep will be heard, to indicate that the initiation procedure is in<br />
progress. At the end of this initiation procedure, laser light will be<br />
emitted from the laser aperture, and both <strong>Laser</strong> Emission indicators<br />
will then glow continuously to indicate that laser light is being emitted<br />
from the laser system.<br />
4.2 Turning Off the <strong>Laser</strong> System<br />
The following steps are to be performed when turning off the laser.<br />
1. Press the <strong>Laser</strong> Off button. The laser light will immediately turn off<br />
and the system shut-down sequence will begin.<br />
2. The laser beam and both <strong>Laser</strong> Emission indicators will immediately<br />
be extinguished. The fans in the laser head and power supply will<br />
continue to run. After 60 seconds, the fans will shut off. Turn the<br />
<strong>Laser</strong> Disable/Enable key switch to the <strong>Laser</strong> Disable position. The<br />
Main Power indicator will remain on.<br />
Turning the <strong>Laser</strong> Disable/Enable key to the <strong>Laser</strong> Disable position<br />
turns off the thermoelectric coolers controlling the temperature of the<br />
laser crystal and laser diode. The Main Power indicator will remain<br />
on until the AC Input rocker switch is put in the O (off ) position.<br />
3. Remove the key and store it in a safe location.<br />
It is not absolutely necessary to switch the AC Input rocker switch to the<br />
O (off) position, since the unit draws only a small amount of current to<br />
power the microprocessors.<br />
4. Turn off the ac power by switching the AC Input rocker switch on the<br />
back panel to the O (off) position (see note).<br />
The System Fault indicator will blink once and a single audible beep<br />
will be heard. The Main Power indicator will slowly extinguish as the<br />
input filter capacitor discharges.<br />
If, at this time, the system will be disassembled for relocation or storage,<br />
perform the following steps.<br />
20
Chapter 4<br />
5. Disconnect the power supply from all ac voltages by removing the line<br />
cord from the rear of the unit.<br />
6. Disconnect the Power Cable attached to the laser head from the rear<br />
panel of the power supply, and immediately install the shorting<br />
connector on the cable connector to prevent ESD damage to the laser<br />
head.<br />
7. Disconnect the Signal Cable attached to the laser head from the rear<br />
panel of the power supply.<br />
8. Cover the output aperture window on the laser head with a clean, dry<br />
lens tissue, or close the laser aperture shutter, if supplied.<br />
9. Carefully place both units, cables, key, and power cord in the original<br />
shipping carton. Store in a clean, dry, static-free area in compliance<br />
with the storage temperature parameters specified in Appendix A,<br />
<strong>Laser</strong> Specifications.<br />
4.3 Pulsing the <strong>Laser</strong> System<br />
A 58 Series green DPSS laser system equipped with the 58 PSM 290<br />
power supply has the capability to operate continuously (cw) or to be<br />
pulsed from 0 to 3 kHz by applying a TTL signal to pin 1 of the External<br />
Interface connector located on the front panel of the power supply.<br />
The 58 PSM 290 power supply also incorporates an internal pulse<br />
generator that is controlled via the RS-232 interface. Refer to the DPSS<br />
Software Reference for further information.<br />
4.4 Operating the System Using the External Interface Connector<br />
With the exception of the System Fault indicator, the connections<br />
described below duplicate all of the controls, and indicators available from<br />
the front panel of the power supply. The pin numbers are shown in<br />
parentheses.<br />
• <strong>Laser</strong> On (2 and 13 and 6 and 14): Momentarily and simultaneously<br />
shorting these pin pairs, and then removing the short, starts the laser on<br />
cycle. After a delay of at least 3 seconds, laser emission will occur.<br />
• <strong>Laser</strong> Off (10 and 13 or 7 and 14): Momentarily shorting either pin<br />
pair initiates the laser off cycle. The laser beam will immediately shut<br />
off and after approximately 60 seconds the fans will shut down.<br />
• Main Power Indicator (12, cathode and 14, anode): A +12 Vdc signal<br />
is present whenever AC power is supplied to the supply. This signal<br />
can be used to illuminate a remote LED.<br />
• <strong>Laser</strong> Emission Indicator (4 (cathode)and 14 (anode)): A +5 Vdc<br />
signal is present when laser emission is present. The signal pulses for<br />
1 21
Operating Your System<br />
at least 3 seconds, then is steady once laser emission occurs. When the<br />
<strong>Laser</strong> Off process is initiated, the signal ceases immediately. This<br />
signal can be used to illuminate a remote LED.<br />
For a complete listing of the pin connections on the External Interface<br />
connector, refer to Appendix C.<br />
4.5 Operating the System Using a Personal Computer<br />
For detailed information on operating the laser system using a personal<br />
computer, please refer to the manual titled “Operator’s Manual for <strong>Green</strong><br />
<strong>Diode</strong>-<strong>Pumped</strong> <strong>Solid</strong>-<strong>State</strong> <strong>Laser</strong> <strong>Systems</strong> (Software)”.<br />
22
Chapter 5<br />
Preventive Maintenance<br />
Introduction<br />
There are no user-serviceable parts in the 58 Series green DPSS laser, and<br />
preventive maintenance is limited to cleaning the laser aperture and the<br />
heat sink fins. All fuses are internal to the power supply and entry to the<br />
supply will void the manufacturer’s warranty.<br />
If a problem occurs with the system itself, it must be repaired by an<br />
authorized Melles Griot service representative or returned to a<br />
Melles Griot service center.<br />
This chapter includes information about:<br />
•<br />
•<br />
•<br />
Cleaning the laser aperture window<br />
Cleaning the heat-sink fins<br />
Information needed before contacting the factory.<br />
5.1 Aperture Window Cleaning Procedure<br />
Required Equipment<br />
• Dry nitrogen, canned air, or rubber squeeze bulb<br />
• Photographic quality lens tissue<br />
• Methanol (99.99% purity)<br />
Verify that the laser is turned off and the power supply is unplugged from<br />
all electrical sources.<br />
1. Wash hands thoroughly with a liquid detergent. Use clean, powder free<br />
latex gloves if available. Body oils and/or other contaminants can<br />
render cleaning procedures useless.<br />
2. Use dry nitrogen, canned air or a rubber squeeze bulb (available from<br />
your local camera supply shop) to blow dust or lint from the aperture<br />
window surface before cleaning with solvent. Permanent damage will<br />
occur if dust scratches the aperture window coating.<br />
Note: Do not use conventional compressed air, as it likely contains oils<br />
from the air compressor.<br />
3. Do not try to remove contamination with a cleaning solvent other than<br />
methanol (99.99% purity). Do not use acetone.<br />
4. Use photographic lens tissue to clean aperture window.<br />
1 23
Preventive Maintenance<br />
5. Clean window carefully. Make a single wipe with a smooth continuous<br />
motion using light pressure.<br />
6. Use each tissue only once; dirty tissue merely redistributes<br />
contamination, it does not remove it. If cleaning is still necessary, use<br />
a new piece of lens tissue.<br />
7. After cleaning the window, wait approximately 30 seconds to allow<br />
vapors to evaporate.<br />
Do not remove aperture window from the front of the <strong>Laser</strong> Head at any<br />
time. To do so will damage the unit and will void the manufacturer's<br />
warranty.<br />
5.2 Heat-Sink Fins Cleaning Procedure<br />
Required Equipment<br />
• Photographic quality lens tissue<br />
• Dry nitrogen or canned air<br />
• Clean soapy water<br />
• Lint free wipes<br />
1. Verify that the laser system is turned off and unplugged from electrical<br />
sources.<br />
2. Tape clean photographic quality lens tissue over the aperture window<br />
to protect window from contamination.<br />
3. Apply soapy water to a clean wipe.<br />
4. Carefully wipe front of fins. Do not let water run into interior of unit.<br />
5. Hold the fan in a fixed position using a screwdriver or similar-sized<br />
object to prevent damage caused by excessive rotation speed.<br />
6. Using dry nitrogen or canned air, blow-dry the fins being careful not to<br />
blow water into the interior of the unit.<br />
7. Carefully wipe down surrounding area for extraneous residues and/or<br />
contaminants.<br />
8. Carefully remove tissue from aperture window.<br />
9. Verify that no contaminants are presents on the window. If there are,<br />
follow the aperture window cleaning instructions described in<br />
paragraph 5.1.<br />
24
Chapter 5<br />
5.3 In Case of Difficulty<br />
If a problem occurs with your laser system that cannot be alleviated by the<br />
routine preventive maintenance procedures described above, it must be<br />
repaired by an authorized Melles Griot service representative or returned<br />
to a Melles Griot service center.<br />
Reporting information<br />
Please have the following information ready for the Melles Griot customer<br />
representative:<br />
• <strong>Laser</strong> head and power supply model numbers and serial numbers<br />
• Approximate purchase date and hours in service<br />
• Accessories, options, or modifications installed<br />
• All information from the laser head data label<br />
• Symptoms of the malfunction<br />
1 25
Preventive Maintenance<br />
This page is intentionally left blank.<br />
26
Appendix A<br />
Specifications<br />
A1 Optical Specifications<br />
58 GLS-Series Low-Noise Single-Beam <strong>Systems</strong><br />
Model 58 GLS 301 58 GLS 305 58 GLS 309<br />
Output Power (W): 2.0 2.5 3.0<br />
Wavelength (nm): 532 ± 0.5<br />
Beam Quality (M 2 ):
Specifications<br />
A2 Electrical Specifications<br />
Model 58 PSM 290<br />
Operating Voltage<br />
100 to 240 Vac, 50 to 60 Hz (auto-switching)<br />
Power Requirement<br />
225 W (maximum)<br />
Current Noise<br />
30 mA rms (maximum)<br />
3 Hz to 1 MHz @ 20 A<br />
Current Regulation<br />
Yes<br />
Light Regulation<br />
Yes<br />
Power Adjust Range<br />
10% to Full Power<br />
Pulsed Operation<br />
Repetition Rate<br />
0 to 2000 Hz<br />
Rise/Fall Time (APC)<br />
Appendix A<br />
A4 Dimensions<br />
Figure A-1<br />
58 Series DPSS <strong>Laser</strong> Head<br />
with cooling fan and heat<br />
sink<br />
1 29
Specifications<br />
Figure A-2<br />
58 PSM 290 Power supply<br />
dimensions<br />
30
Appendix B<br />
Mounting and OEM Considerations<br />
This appendix discusses some specific issues that are of importance to the<br />
OEM manufacturer.<br />
B1 Mounting Considerations<br />
The 58 GLS- and GSS-Series green DPSS lasers are designed to be<br />
mounted horizontally, baseplate down, using the black baseplate attached<br />
to the bottom of the laser. Mounting the laser in any other orientation is<br />
not recommended. If your application requires horizontal plane of<br />
polarization instead of a vertical orientation, contact Melles Griot<br />
concerning the availability of lasers with the desired polarization<br />
orientation.<br />
Output beam exit angle is not colinear with mechanical axis.<br />
To secure the laser, the baseplate should be mounted on a flat surface<br />
(flatness of 0.001”/1”, 32 micro inch surface finish) that extends under the<br />
entire baseplate. The baseplate should be retained by four screws (1/4-20<br />
inch or M6) with flat washers. The screws should be tightened to a<br />
maximum of 20 lb-in (2.25 Nm).<br />
B2 Cooling Considerations<br />
For reliable operation, 58 Series green DPSS lasers require an adequate<br />
flow of cool air. To ensure proper airflow, there must be a minimum of<br />
½-inch clearance between the air intake and exhaust ports and any<br />
obstructing surface. A full inch or more of clearance is preferred.<br />
The temperature of the air entering the air intake ports must never exceed<br />
35 o C. Ensure that hot air exhausted from the laseris not recirculated into<br />
the air intake at the front of the laser. An optional laser module without<br />
integrated heat-sink is available for OEM applications.<br />
B3 Compliance Considerations<br />
The 58 Series green DPSS laser systems are Class IV or Class 4 laser<br />
systems as defined by 21 CFR 1040.10 and EN60825-1:1994,<br />
respectively. Although they incorporate many of the features mandated by<br />
United <strong>State</strong>s and international regulatory agencies for laser devices, they<br />
may not be used as stand-alone laser sources unless an optional CDRH<br />
compliance package is purchased. Once the laser is incorporated into<br />
another piece of equipment, it becomes the responsibility of the equipment<br />
1 31
Mounting and OEM Considerations<br />
manufacturer or integrator to make sure that the overall device conforms<br />
to the applicable regulations and norms.<br />
32
Appendix C<br />
Technology Notes<br />
At the heart of a DPSS laser is the laser diode. The power vs current<br />
curve shown in Figure C-1 below illustrates the output characteristics of a<br />
laser diode as a function of input current. At low values of the input, the<br />
device acts as a light-emitting diode (LED), producing a relatively small<br />
amount of incoherent light. At a threshold value, where the population<br />
inversion is large enough so that gain by stimulated emission can<br />
overcome the scattering and absorption losses, the laser threshold is<br />
reached. As current increases above the threshold value, the light output<br />
increases rapidly. The light is now coherent laser light. Ideally, the light<br />
output should increase linearly with current, as shown in the figure, but<br />
above a given current damage will occur and output power will drop<br />
rapidly.<br />
Figure C-1<br />
Light output of laser diode<br />
as a function of drive<br />
current<br />
C1 Slope Efficiency<br />
One defines a slope efficiency to characterize the laser diode output in this<br />
region. The slope efficiency is defined as the increase in optical output<br />
power divided by the increase in electrical input power. The definition<br />
applies only to the region where the output is increasing linearly. It is an<br />
important figure of merit that is used to characterize the laser performance.<br />
1 33
Mounting and OEM Considerations<br />
Figure C-2<br />
<strong>Laser</strong> diode voltage as a<br />
function of current<br />
C2 The V/I Curve<br />
The voltage drop across the laser is often acquired during electrical<br />
characterization. This characteristic is similar to the analogous<br />
characteristic of any other type of semiconductor diode and is largely<br />
invariant with temperature, as depicted in Figure C-2.<br />
<strong>Diode</strong> laser manufacturers usually place the forward voltage on the X<br />
axis, in compliance with conventional practice in the electronics industry<br />
for other types of diodes.<br />
Companies manufacturing instrumentation to characterize diode lasers<br />
often present the curve in the manner of Figure<br />
C-2, with the forward current on the X axis. Thus, other performance<br />
curves - as will be described in later sections - may be overlaid onto the<br />
V/I curve. Conventional electronics people would call this an I/V curve,<br />
rather than accept our nomenclature of a V/I curve. The typical voltage<br />
drop across a diode laser at operating power is 1.5 volts. V/I data are most<br />
commonly used in derivative characterization techniques.<br />
34
Appendix C<br />
C3 External Interface<br />
External Interface (connector): This DB-15 female connector on the<br />
front panel of the power supply allows the 58 Series green DPSS laser to<br />
be controlled remotely by external devices. It is also used to incorporate<br />
external safety interlocks (e.g., door switches) into the system. Table C-1<br />
below lists the functions/connections of each pin for the 58 PSM 290<br />
power supply.<br />
Table C-1<br />
External Interface Pin<br />
Descriptions for the<br />
58 PSM 290<br />
Pin<br />
Voltage<br />
Present<br />
1 TTL<br />
2 +5 V<br />
3 0V<br />
4 0V<br />
5 TTL<br />
6 0 V<br />
7<br />
Notes Description<br />
8 Not used<br />
9<br />
10 +5 V<br />
1 TTL-level input for pulsed operation. Logic<br />
high sets normal power or current, logic low sets<br />
standby power or current. See note (1) for<br />
enabling and disabling external TTL modulation<br />
without a computer<br />
2,4 <strong>Laser</strong> On (active low). Momentarily short to pin<br />
13 to start laser. Pin 6 must simultaneously be<br />
shorted to pin 14 for the laser to turn on.<br />
3,4 Safety interlock. Must be shorted to pin 11 for<br />
laser to operate.<br />
4,5 <strong>Laser</strong> emission indicator (anode to pin 14).<br />
Activates an external LED when laser emission<br />
occurs. Duplicates the function of both <strong>Laser</strong><br />
Emission Indicators on the front panel.<br />
Internal TTL Output. Internal TTL modulation<br />
monitor output.<br />
2,4 <strong>Laser</strong> On (active high). Momentarily short to<br />
pin 14 to start laser. Pin 2 must simultaneously<br />
be shorted to pin 13 for the laser to turn on.<br />
4,6 <strong>Laser</strong> Off (active high). Momentarily short to<br />
pin 14 to turn laser off.<br />
7 Light control/current control select. Open for<br />
current control, short to pin 13 for light control.<br />
See note 7 for changing modes without a<br />
computer.<br />
4,6 <strong>Laser</strong> Off (active low). Momentarily short to pin<br />
13 to turn laser off.<br />
1 35
Mounting and OEM Considerations<br />
11 3,4 Safety Interlock. See pin 3.<br />
12 0 V<br />
13<br />
Signal<br />
Ground<br />
5 Main Power indicator (anode to pin 14).<br />
Voltage is present whenever laser is enabled (see<br />
pin 5)<br />
14 +5 V 8 LED Supply<br />
15<br />
Chassis<br />
Ground<br />
All voltages are measured with respect to this<br />
pin.<br />
Chassis Ground<br />
Notes:<br />
(1) External modulation is disabled if pin 1 is open when power is first<br />
applied. External modulation is enabled if pin 1 is at a logic low<br />
when power is first applied. The external modulation status can<br />
always be changed at any time with RS-232 commands.<br />
(2) Pin 2 must be shorted to 13 and, simultaneously, pin 6 shorted to pin<br />
14, then both released for the laser to turn on. Conditions for the<br />
redundant laser turn on can be meet with a momentary double pole,<br />
single throw relay or switch. The power supply can not be set-up to<br />
automatically turn-on the laser with the main power.<br />
(3) Conditions for the safety interlock can be meet with a single pole,<br />
single throw relay or switch or a wire short.<br />
(4) This pin must be floating with respect to chassis ground.<br />
(5) The power supply has internal current limiting resistors. An LED<br />
can be connected directly to the indicated pins.<br />
(6) Either pin 7 shorted to pin 14 or pin 10 shorted to pin 13 will turn off<br />
the laser. Conditions for the redundant laser turn off can be meet<br />
with a momentary double pole, single throw relay or switch.<br />
Shorting either pin combinations with a wire prevents the laser from<br />
tuning on.<br />
(7) Current control is selected if pin 9 is open when power is first<br />
applied. Power control is selected if pin 9 is at a logic low when<br />
power is first applied. The control state can always be changed at<br />
any time with RS-232 commands.<br />
(8) Do not use pin 12 to power any other external circuits.<br />
36
Appendix C<br />
C4 RS-232 Interface Connector<br />
RS-232 (connector): This female DB-9 connector on the front panel of<br />
the power supply allows the laser to be controlled remotely from a<br />
personal computer or other device equipped with an RS-232C serial<br />
interface. The pin connections are described in Table C-2 below.<br />
Table C-2<br />
RS-232 Connector<br />
Pin<br />
Pin<br />
Description<br />
1 Not Used<br />
2 TXD (Output)<br />
3 RXD (Input)<br />
4 Connected to pin 6<br />
5 GND (Signal ground)<br />
6 Connected to pin 4<br />
7 Not Used<br />
8 Not Used<br />
9 Not Used<br />
1 37
Mounting and OEM Considerations<br />
C5 Thermistor Characteristics<br />
The 58 Series DPSS laser head has three thermistors for temperature<br />
measurement. There are two for the thermal electric cooler temperature set<br />
points for the 1) diode laser and the 2) crystal laser resonator sections and<br />
finally the 3) base plate over temperature protection. All three thermistors<br />
are 10,000 ohms (Ω) for a temperature of 25 degrees celsius (°C). The<br />
thermistor resistance is inversely proportional to the temperature change,<br />
meaning as the thermistor reading increases the actual temperature is<br />
decreasing. The following conversion table is an approximate correlation<br />
of this two parameters. The tolerances change across the temperature<br />
ranges, approximately +/- 100 Ω @ 25°C; +/- 1300 Ω @ 10°C; and +/-<br />
400 Ω @ 45°C.<br />
Table C-3<br />
Resistance/<br />
Temperature<br />
Correlation<br />
Temp. °C Resistance Ω<br />
10 18,790<br />
11 17,980<br />
12 17,220<br />
13 16,490<br />
14 15,790<br />
15 15,130<br />
16 14,500<br />
17 13,900<br />
18 13,330<br />
19 12,790<br />
20 12,260<br />
21 11,770<br />
22 11,290<br />
23 10,840<br />
24 10,410<br />
25 10,000<br />
26 9,605<br />
27 9,227<br />
28 8,867<br />
Temp. °C Resistance Ω<br />
29 8,523<br />
30 8,194<br />
31 7,880<br />
32 7,579<br />
33 7,291<br />
34 7,016<br />
35 6,752<br />
36 6,500<br />
37 6,258<br />
38 6,026<br />
39 5,805<br />
40 5,592<br />
41 5,389<br />
42 5,193<br />
43 5,006<br />
44 4,827<br />
45 4,655<br />
38
Appendix D<br />
Compliance Information<br />
D1 Radio-Frequency Emission Compliance<br />
This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy.<br />
If it is not installed and used in accordance with this manual, it may cause<br />
interference to radio communications. It has been tested and found to<br />
comply with the limits for a Class A computing device pursuant to Subpart<br />
J of Part 15 of FCC rules, and European norm EN55011:1994, which are<br />
designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference when<br />
operated in a commercial environment. Operation of this equipment in<br />
residential areas is likely to cause interference, in which case, the user, at<br />
his or her own expense, will be required to take whatever measures may<br />
be necessary to correct the interference.<br />
D2 <strong>Laser</strong> Emission Compliance<br />
The 58 Series laser systems described in this manual are designed solely<br />
for use by OEM manufacturers that are incorporating the lasers into<br />
equipment for resale. As such, they are not required to meet all of the<br />
safety and labeling requirements set forth in CDRH regulations 21 CFR<br />
1040.10 and European norm EN 60825-1:1994. Nevertheless, all of the<br />
electrical requirements of these regulations (e.g., key switches, warning<br />
lights, interlocks, and time delays) are built into the systems and are easily<br />
accessible to the OEM manufacturer. Unless especially equipped, the<br />
lasers do not include the laser output shutter and compliance labels<br />
required of end-user Class IV (Class 4) laser systems.<br />
D3 <strong>Laser</strong> Emissions and Fusing<br />
The following is general emission data on the Series 58 Series green DPSS<br />
lasers.<br />
<strong>Laser</strong> medium: Nd:YVO 4<br />
Emission duration:<br />
Full beam diameter:<br />
Full beam divergence:<br />
Operating wavelengths:<br />
Maximum output power:<br />
Continuous<br />
0.25 ± 0.025 mm at waist<br />
< 12 mrad<br />
532 nm, 1064 nm, and 808 nm<br />
5.0 W @ 532 nm, 10 mW @ 1064 nm,<br />
10 mW @ 808 nm<br />
1 39
Service, Support, and Warranty<br />
The following fuse, located in the power supply is to be replaced only by<br />
Melles Griot certified service personnel.<br />
Fuse: T 6.3 A/250 V, 1500 A interrupt capacity, 5x 20mm<br />
D4 <strong>Laser</strong> Safety Warnings<br />
The following labels shown in Figure D-1 are required by the U.S. Food<br />
and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health<br />
(CDRH) as well as by the standard, EN60825-1:1994. Figure D-2 shows<br />
the location of these labels on the 58 Series DPSS laser system.<br />
Figure D-1<br />
58 Series label<br />
locations.<br />
LASER RADIATION<br />
AVOID EYE OR SKIN EXPOSURE TO<br />
DIRECT OR SCATTERED RADIATION<br />
CLASS 4 LASER PRODUCT<br />
MAXIMUM OUTPUT POWER:<br />
5 WATTS AT 532nm<br />
10mW AT 1064 nm<br />
CLASSIFICATION PER<br />
EN60825-1: 1994<br />
AVOID EXPOSURE<br />
LASER RADIATION IS<br />
EMITTED FROM THIS<br />
APERTURE<br />
40
58 Series <strong>Green</strong> <strong>Diode</strong>-<strong>Pumped</strong> <strong>Solid</strong>-<strong>State</strong> <strong>Laser</strong>s<br />
LABEL, MG LOGO<br />
LABEL, LASER RADIATION<br />
LABEL, APERTURE<br />
LABEL, IEC CLASSIFICATION<br />
LABEL, WARRANTY<br />
LABEL, MODEL IDENTIFICATION<br />
LABEL, PATENT<br />
LABEL, IEC<br />
1 41
Appendix E<br />
Service, Support, and Warranty<br />
The 58 Series green DPSS laser systems contain no user-serviceable parts<br />
but, depending upon usage rate, and conditioning, should give years of<br />
trouble-free service. Nonetheless, if you should experience problems,<br />
Melles Griot is committed to providing the best possible support and<br />
service.<br />
E1 Sales and Service Offices<br />
To find an authorized Melles Griot service facility near you, contact the<br />
nearest Melles Griot office, listed below, or contact the factory at<br />
(760) 438-2131.<br />
United <strong>State</strong>s of America<br />
2051 Palomar Airport Road, 200<br />
Carlsbad, California 92009<br />
Phone: (800) 645-2737 (Toll Free)<br />
(760) 438-2131<br />
Fax: (760) 438-5208<br />
E-mail: sales@carlsbad.mellesgriot.com<br />
Canada<br />
18 Antares Drive, Suite 104<br />
Nepean, Ontario K2E 1A9<br />
Phone: (800) 267-3497 (Toll Free)<br />
(613) 226-5880<br />
Fax: (613) 226-5885<br />
E-mail: sales@canada.mellesgriot.com<br />
Denmark<br />
See Sweden and Denmark<br />
France<br />
12 Avenue Jean Bart<br />
78960 Voisons Le Bretonneux, France<br />
Phone: (01) 3012-0680<br />
Fax: (01) 3060-0851<br />
E-mail: info.france@mellesgriot.com<br />
1 43
Service, Support, and Warranty<br />
Germany<br />
Lilienthalstraße 30-32<br />
64625 Bensheim<br />
Phone: (06251) 84060<br />
Fax: (06251) 840622<br />
E-mail: mellesgriotgmbh@csi.com<br />
Japan<br />
Pine Building 3F, 3-11-2 Shibuya<br />
Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150<br />
Phone: (03) 3407-3614<br />
Fax: (03) 3486-0923<br />
E-mail: sales@mgkk.com<br />
The Netherlands<br />
Hengelder 23, P.O. Box 272<br />
6900 AG Zevenaar<br />
Phone: (0316) 333041<br />
Fax: (0316) 528187<br />
E-mail: sales_mgbv@compuserve.com<br />
Singapore<br />
994 Bendemeer Road #06-05<br />
Kallang Basin Industrial Estate<br />
Singapore 339943<br />
Phone: 392-5368<br />
Fax: 392-5508<br />
E-mail: mgspore@signet.com.sg<br />
Sweden and Denmark<br />
Box 7071, Måttbandsvägen 12<br />
S-187 12 Täby<br />
Phone: (08) 630-8950<br />
Fax: (08) 630-0745<br />
E-mail: info.nordic@mellesgriot.com<br />
United Kingdom<br />
St. Thomas Place<br />
Cambridgeshire Business Park<br />
Ely, Cambridgeshire, England<br />
Phone: (01353) 654500<br />
Fax: (01353) 654555<br />
E-mail: info.europe@mellesgriot.com<br />
44
58 Series <strong>Green</strong> <strong>Diode</strong>-<strong>Pumped</strong> <strong>Solid</strong>-<strong>State</strong> <strong>Laser</strong>s<br />
E2 Warranty<br />
Unless otherwise specified, all Melles Griot 58 Series DPSS lasers and<br />
power supplies are covered by the comprehensive warranty described on<br />
the order confirmation.<br />
1 45