Syllabus - Certificate of Competency as Second Engineer Officer.pdf

SYLLABUS 2
CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCY AS SECOND ENGINEER OFFICER
(EXAMINATION SYLLABUS)
THERMODYNAMICS
Pressure, Temperature, Energy:
Explain the effects of pressure and temperature on solids, liquids and gases; define and measure
temperature; discuss heat as a form of energy; discuss specific heat capacity, sensible heat, latent
heat and solve associated problems; discuss the physical changes of solids, liquids and gases
associated with changes in temperature.
Heat Transfer:
Explain how heat may be transferred in different media and outline the factors which influence heat
transfer; solve simple problems involving conduction, convection and radiation.
Internal Energy, Thermodynamic Systems, First Law:
Define and describe thermo-dynamic systems and solve problems involving the First Law of
Thermodynamics.
Gas Laws, Displacement, Work:
Solve simple problems involving the basic gas laws; describe processes which will produce a change
of state in a non-flow system and solve problems concerned with non-flow processes.
Ideal Cycles, Internal Combustion Engines:
Sketch P/V diagrams and describe the operation of the ideal constant volume (Otto) cycle, the Diesel
cycle and the Dual Combustion cycle; determine indicated power, brake power and mechanical
efficiency of an internal combustion engine and solve problems involving power, efficiency, fuel
consumption and heat balance.
Air Compressors:
Describe the factors which influence the performance of a reciprocating air compressor and solve
simple problems involving single stage, single acting, compressors.
Working Fluids:
Recognise the differences in the properties of vapours, gases and the perfect gas and use the steam
tables to solve simple problems related to water and steam in the wet, saturated and superheated
states.
Nozzles, Steam Turbines:
Solve simple problems involving the flow of steam through a nozzle.
Refrigeration:
Explain the principle of the reversed heat engine cycle and its application to vapour compression
refrigeration plant and solve simple problems; heat pump; coefficient of performance.
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Combustion:
Discuss the combustion of solid and liquid fuels in terms of mass, theoretical air and excess air
requirements and explain the products of combustion. Solve problems involving the combustion of a
fuel.
Boiler Feed Densities:
Discuss the effects of using feed water of different densities in boiler and evaporating plant; consider
the effects of dissolved solids in feed water; solve simple problems on the change in density of boiler
and evaporator plant due to build up of dissolved solids; consider the effects of intermittent and
continuous blowdown.
APPLIED MECHANICS
Statics
Solve problems involving forces in static equilibrium; discuss pin jointed frameworks and solve
related problems; solve problems involving centres of gravity and centroids.
Friction
Discuss friction; coefficient of friction; solve problems relating to friction between relatively moving
rigid bodies on horizontal and inclined planes; consider linear and circular motion.
Kinematics
Solve problems involving linear, angular and relative motion; describe the motion of projectiles and
solve associated problems; explain and solve problems relating to relative velocity.
Dynamics
Discuss the concepts of force and energy and solve associated problems; Law of conservation of
energy; conservation of momentum; discuss centripetal and centrifugal effects and solve associated
problems.
Machines
Law of machines; discuss the principles of simple machines and solve associated problems.
Strength of Materials
Discuss the effects on materials caused by the application of external force and solve associated
problems; discuss the effects on materials by changes in temperature; discuss and solve problems
involving stress in thin rotating rims; discuss stresses involved in cantilevers, simply supported
beams, rotating shafts and solve related problems.
Hydrostatics
Discuss Principle of Archimedes and solve associated problems; discuss and solve problems relating
to hydrostatic forces on immersed areas; consider liquids of different density.
Hydrodynamics
Discuss and solve problems relating to liquids in motion; nozzles; orifice plates.
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MATHEMATICS
Arithmetic
Express quantities in the form of a ratio, proportion or percentage.
Algebra
Use the rules of Algebra and solve associated problems.
Logarithms
Understand and use logarithms to undertake mathematical calculations.
Graphs
Discuss and demonstrate graphic representation of numerical quantities.
Trigonometry
Discuss and solve problems involving the basic laws of trigonometry.
Mensuration
Solve problems related to plane figures and solids.
Calculus (Differentiation)
Discuss differential calculus and solve associated problems.
Calculus (Integration)
Discuss integral calculus and solve associated problems.
ENGINEERING DRAWING
General Note:
It is expected that students will be aware of and comply with the requirements of a recognised
standard such as British Standards BS 308.
Engineering Communication
Discuss the need for Engineering Drawing as a means of communication.
Drawing Equipment
Discuss the use and care of drawing instruments.
Projection
Discuss the use of orthographic and isometric projection in Engineering Drawing.
Assembly Drawings
Produce general assembly drawings, including sectioned drawings, from dimensioned isometric
views of various components commonly used in marine engineering.
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MARINE ELECTROTECHNOLOGY
Electric and Electronic Components
Understand and discuss the physical construction, characteristics and practical application of basic
electrical and electronic components.
Electric Circuit Principles
Understand and discuss linear DC and AC electrical circuits and solve related problems; circuit
protection; distribution; switchgear design; instrumentation.
Electromagnetism
Understand and discuss the principles of magnetism; electromagnetic induction; practical
applications.
Electrical Machines
Understand and discuss the principles of operation of DC and AC machines; commutation; control;
thermal and environmental protection and classification; practical applications including propulsion.
Approvals/certification.
Understand and discuss the classification of electrical equipment and cabling; relevance and
recognition of international standards and symbols.
NAVAL ARCHITECTURE AND SHIP CONSTRUCTION
Hydrostatics
Understand and discuss the principles of flotation; describe the use of TPC in calculating
displacement and the effect of addition or removal of masses on draught; calculate changes in mean
draught due to changes in density; describe the various co-efficients of form and their relevance;
describe wetted surface area and calculate its value.
Simpson's Rule
Apply Simpson's Rule to the determination of areas, volumes and masses; first moments of area,
volume and mass.
Ship Stability
Calculate the position of the centre of gravity of a ship under any condition of loading; understand
the meaning of stability and the importance of centre of buoyancy, centre of gravity and metacentre
with regard to transverse stability; solve problems on changes in mean draught due to bilging; effects
of permeability; understanding of free-surface effect.
Ship Resistance
Understand and discuss the basic factors involved in the resistance to a ship's motion caused by the
water; use of test-tanks and models.
Propellers
Explain and discuss the principles of screw propellers; propeller terminology; cavitation; slip.
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Admiralty coefficients
Discuss Admiralty Coefficient and its use as an approximate method of estimating power
requirements.
Fuel Consumption
Calculate the variation in fuel consumption with speed; determine fuel requirements for particular
voyages for ships with different characteristics.
Ship stresses, shearing forces and bending moments
Discuss the different stresses to which a ship's structure is subject; explain and discuss the relevance
of shearing forces and bending moments on ship structures; explain the effects resulting from
different loading conditions, ballasting, sea-states, etc; solve basic problems relating to same.
Ship Terminology
Demonstrate knowledge of terms commonly used in ship design and construction.
Ship Construction
Discuss and explain the different framing systems used in construction of ships; recognise and
discuss the design features of the different ship types (Tanker, Bulk-carrier, OBO, Combination, Ro-
Ro, LNG, LPG, General Cargo, Chemical, Heavy-Lift, Tug, Offshore Supply, etc); understand the
function and constructional details of different components of the ships structure; understand and
distinguish between the design and constructional details of different types of rudders and how they
are integrated into the ship's structure; discuss internal and integral tank structures; design and
construction of hatchways and hatch-covers; anchor equipment design, operation and integration into
the ship's structure; attachment of deck machinery and fittings, bulwarks, bollards, fairleads, winches,
derricks, cranes, etc.
Ship drawings
Familiarity with the layout and use of typical ship's drawings, shell expansion, midship section,
bulkhead plans, scantling drawings, tank plans, drydocking plans, manhole cover plans, etc.
Materials of construction
Understand and discuss the different materials used in the construction of ships and their equipment;
grading and classification of materials; use of high-tensile materials; effects of low temperatures.
Protection of ship structures
Understand and discuss use of cathodic and impressed current protection system; different paint
systems; principles of anti-fouling systems; environmental considerations.
Ventilation
Discuss ventilation requirements on different vessel types; explain typical ventilation arrangements;
monitoring and control; risks/dangers with ventilation systems; safety features.
Filling/drainage of tanks or compartments
Understand and discuss the arrangements for preventing overpressure or underpressure in tanks;
stripping; drainage arrangements for superstructure spaces; local and remote sounding arrangements.
Watertight integrity
Watertight doors and controls; cross-flooding and down-flooding arrangements.
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Structural Fire Protection
Understand the statutory requirements in relation to structural fire protection of different vessel types;
classification of fire zones, bulkheads and decks; construction of fire resisting bulkheads and decks;
standard fire test; approval of materials; openings and penetrations in bulkheads and decks; protection
of stairways and escape routes.
Statutory Certification and Classification
Understand the relevance of Loadline, Safety Construction and Passenger Certificates in the
construction of a vessel; discuss "conditions of Assignment"; understand the role of the
Administration and the function of Recognised Organisations to whom authority might be delegated;
obligation to report deficiencies; understand the constructional features of life-saving appliances;
discuss the constructional features of ships relating to environmental protection requirements;
understand the statutory certification relating to safety equipment and pollution prevention.
ENGINEERING KNOWLEDGE
General Notes:
The General Knowledge section of the examination for the issue of a certificate of competency as
Second engineer officer will be divided into written and oral sections.
Certificates of Competency as Second Engineer Officer may be issued in Steam, Motor or combined
Steam and Motor. Candidates for the steam examination will not be required to demonstrate
familiarity with main diesel propulsion engines but will be expected to be familiar with auxiliary
diesel engine plant and systems. Similarly, candidates for the motor examination will not be required
to demonstrate familiarity with main steam propulsion systems but will be expected to be familiar
with auxiliary steam plant and systems.
The engineering knowledge to be shown by candidates is that which is required to ensure the use,
operation and maintenance of the machinery, equipment and ship structures, usually in the charge of
the Second Engineer Officer, in a safe, efficient and environmentally friendly manner. A thorough
knowledge of the legal and managerial responsibilities of a Second Engineer Officer will be required.
Candidates must also demonstrate a sufficient appreciation of the duties of the Chief Engineer
Officer.
Candidates may be required to illustrate their written answers by means of sketches.
Oral examination:
The oral examination will include questions on the operation and management of boilers, main and
auxiliary machinery; support systems and equipment; electrical machinery and systems; control
systems; environmental concerns; safety related installations, equipment and procedures; actions in
event of different emergency/breakdown situations; general maintenance procedures; specific
overhaul/repair procedures; routine ship practice.
Candidates will be required to demonstrate a good working knowledge of Irish and International
maritime legislation relating to safety at sea, security and pollution prevention. In addition, they must
be familiar with relevant legislation relating to keeping safe engineering watches at sea and in port,
the obligations to personnel working on board, the relevant codes of safe working practice, carriage
of dangerous goods, STCW Convention, ISM and ISPS Code implications.
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Candidates should be well acquainted with significant marine accidents or casualties especially those
related to machinery space operations or general ship operations in which the Second Engineer
Officer, or personnel from whom he is responsible, may play a significant role. Candidates must be
aware of how such accidents might be prevented.
GENERAL ENGINEERING KNOWLEDGE:
Properties and characteristics of metals, materials, liquids, gases and vapours used in marine
engineering.
Processes to which the component parts of machinery are submitted or which are incidental to their
manufacture and use.
Installation and alignment of machinery; connection to prime movers; belt, gear, fluid and flexible
drive systems.
Design and construction details, principles of operation, manner of attachment to ship or
incorporation into ship structures or systems of different items of marine machinery or equipment.
General marine instrumentation, sensing and monitoring devices used in typical marine engineering
applications.
Different types of pumps and associated systems.
Storage, transfer, treatment, purification, filtration, and general handling of fuel and lubricating oils.
Piping systems in general; materials and construction; valve types; expansion arrangements.
Distribution systems including, steam, bilge, ballast, fire, cooling media, fuel, lubricating and
hydraulic oils, air and gases;
Arrangements of ship side or skin fittings, injection chests, prevention of fouling in piping systems.
Fluid heating systems; steam and thermal oil systems; arrangements within tanks.
Propulsion transmission systems; gearing; thrust blocks; clutches; shafting and bearings.
Sterngear arrangements; sterntubes; fixed and variable pitch propellers, azimuthing propellers, vane
propellers, methods of improving propeller efficiency and recovering wake energy.
Principles of lubrication; properties of lubricants; synthetic lubricants; additives; biological
contamination; purification, clarification and treatment of lubricants.
Steering machinery; stabilising systems; thrusters.
Refrigeration machinery, air conditioning and ventilation systems.
Fresh water production, storage and conditioning systems.
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Gas turbines in marine applications
Deck machinery and cargo handling systems.
Sanitary and sewage systems.
Boiler water level gauges, boiler mountings, safety valves and any test or operational procedures
associated with these items.
Auxiliary steam systems; boilers; steam distribution and utilisation; general feed water systems;
boiler water treatment.
Auxiliary steam equipment, turbo-alternators, turbo-pumps, different condensing systems.
Air compressors, air receivers, air filtration and drying systems.
Constructional details of alternators, generators, motors, switchgear, batteries. Earthing of low and
high voltage alternators.
Electrical distribution systems, switchboards, transformers, cabling, fuses, circuit breakers, protective
devices and trips. Earthing of high and low voltage systems. Safety with HV systems. Steering gear
electric circuits.
Emergency generators, batteries, switchboards and consumers; direct and supplementary emergency
lighting.
Electrical propulsion systems.
Inert gas systems; generation and distribution; safety devices and operation.
Construction and operation of power operated watertight doors and their control systems.
Construction, operation and maintenance of life-saving appliances; different types of lifeboats;
liferafts; marine escape systems; various launching appliances.
Design and construction of fixed and portable fire extinguishing appliances and systems; fixed gas
smothering installations; water spray, sprinkler and drencher systems; emergency fire pump and
firemain arrangements.
Structural fire protection; classification of insulation ratings; designation of fire zones; standard fire
test; constructional details of insulated bulkheads and decks; fire rated penetrations in structures for
the passage of cables, pipes, ducting; fire-doors and shutters. Requirements for escape routes,
photoluminescent strip lighting and signs.
Fire detection systems; different detectors; addressable systems.
Inspection of the vessel in drydock.
Arrangements for prevention of pollution of the marine environment; oily-water separator;
incinerators; garbage management; sludge disposal; treatment of cargo residue; atmospheric
emissions, sewage pollution, antifouling.
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Operational safety matters.
Operation, testing and fault rectification of automatic control systems, alarm panels and
instrumentation.
Safe and efficient operation in the U.M.S. mode.
Procedures to be adopted for operating main machinery under emergency conditions.
Safe and efficient operation of electrical generation plant; paralleling and disconnecting alternators
and generators; switchboards. Testing electrical distribution systems, switchboards, transformers,
cabling, fuses, circuit breakers, protective devices and trips. Earthing of high and low voltage
systems. Safety with HV systems. Steering gear electric circuits.
Operational practice and fault finding associated with AC and DC electrical systems. Testing of
electrical motors and equipment,
Management of pumping operations to minimise stability implications.
Safe working practice, familiarity with relevant codes, overhauling machinery, safety in workshop
practice, use of welding and burning equipment, personal protective equipment, lifting and rigging
equipment, entering and testing tanks or enclosed spaces.
Precautions against fire or explosion, explosive mixtures, danger of oil leakages or spillages, sources
of ignition, safety devices, measuring instruments.
Awareness of toxic and other dangerous materials typically in use in marine engineering practice;
cleaning and treatment chemicals; carriage of dangerous goods.
Practical fire prevention, detection and extinction throughout the ship; testing and operation of fixed
and portable fire extinguishing appliances and systems; use of firemens outfits, including breathing
apparatus; testing of fire detection and alarm systems; planning effective fire drills; prevention of
spread of fire, boundary cooling.
Management, control and organisation of response in emergency situations; fire and damage control;
ventilation management; emergency evacuation; treatment of injured personnel.
Preparation of the vessel for entering drydock; procedures before, during and after drydocking.
Actions required in the event of grounding or collision.
Measure to prevent pollution of the marine environment; good housekeeping; compilation of oilrecord
book; action in event of pollution incident; use of Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan
(SOPEP), garbage management, sewage pollution prevention, air pollution prevention.
Design and construction of exhaust systems; heat recovery arrangements; emission controls and
arrangements; catalytic converters.
Knowledge and familiarity with the use of IT for marine engineering applications.
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Revision No: 001
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Knowledge of International Conventions and certification required by vessels, including ISM and
ISPS
MAIN STEAM PROPULSION SYSTEMS.
Main steam boilers; construction; superheaters; gas and steam air heaters; sootblowing; refractory
materials; control and alarm systems; mountings and safety devices.
Combustion theory and practice; air/fuel ratio; forced and induced fan systems; different atomization
systems.
Fuel systems related to different types of fuel.
Main feed water systems; feed pumps; condensers; vacuum generation; extraction; de-aeration;
chemical testing and treatment; contamination/leak detection.
Main propulsion steam turbines; design and construction; drainage; expansion arrangements; safety
devices; vibration monitoring.
Main reduction gearing systems; design and construction; lubrication arrangements; safety devices
and monitoring arrangements.
Main steam plant construction and operation; efficiency; astern running; emergency procedures;
raising steam from cold condition.
MAIN MOTOR/DIESEL PROPULSION SYSTEMS.
Main Diesel engines (trunk and crosshead types), design and construction of individual components,
materials used.
Starting and reversing systems; timing requirements and arrangements.
Fuel oil, lubricating oil and cooling systems; conditioning and treatment systems.
Turbocharging, supercharging, intercooling and scavenging systems.
Measurement of power, indicator and peak pressure diagrams, adjustments.
Control and alarm systems associated with automatic operation of a diesel plant.
Safe and efficient operation of marine diesel engines.
Safety devices and protection systems.
Causes of and appropriate action in the event of scavenge fire, crankcase explosion, overspeeding,
etc.
Routine and emergency maintenance procedures; inspection of components; essential spare parts.
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